2020-2021 学年高三第二次模拟考试卷
英 语 （四）
注意事项：
1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码
粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿
纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
略
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题
卡上将该项涂黑。
A
There are campus museums all over China that offer various collections and make for eye-opening
visits.
Beijing Air and Space Museum at Beihang University
Admission: free
Opening hours: Tuesday and Saturday, 9:00 am-12:00 pm
Highlights: Included among the more than 300 historic aircraft and space artifacts are one of the two
Northrop P-61 Black Widows in the world and China’s first light airliner, Beijing 1.
Fudan University Museum
Admission: free
Opening hours: Tuesday to Friday, 9:00 am-11:30 am and 1:30 pm-4:30 pm
Highlights: A unique collection of native artifacts from the Gaoshan aborigines in Taiwan. Some of
them, such as pearl vests, are rarely seen even in Taiwan.
China Ichthyic Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean University
Admission: 10 yuan
Opening hours: Monday to Friday, 9:00 am-11:30 am and 1:30 pm-4:00 pm
Highlights: In this collection of more than 40,000 specimens of about 3,000 ocean-dwelling species,
the most eye-catching one is an 18.4-meter-long sperm whale skeleton.
Yifu Museum of China University of Geosciences
Admission: 40 yuan; half price for students
Opening hours: Monday to Friday, 8:30 am-12:00 pm and 2:30 pm-5:00 pm; weekends and holidays,
9:00 am-4:30 pm
Highlights: It houses a collection of more than 30,000 mineral and rock specimens, more than 2,000 of
which are rare ones like the museum’s well-known dinosaur fossils.
China Academy Museum at Hunan University
Admission: 50 yuan
Opening hours: Monday to Sunday, 8:00 am-6:30 pm in summer and 8:30 am-6:00 pm in winter
Highlights: China’s only museum to feature the history of academies and cultural education in the
country.
21. Which museum will you choose if you’re interested in sea species?
A. China Academy Museum at Hunan University.
B. Yifu Museum of China University of Geosciences.
C. Beijing Air and Space Museum at Beihang University.
D. China Ichthyic Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean University.
22. What can you see in Yifu Museum of China University of Geosciences?
A. Space artifacts. B. Dinosaur fossils.
C. Native artifacts. D. Sperm whale skeletons.
23. When can you go to China Academy Museum at Hunan University?
A. On Tuesday 6:00 pm in winter.
B. On Saturday 8:00 am in winter.
C. On Sunday 6:30 pm in summer.
D. On Wednesday 8:00 am in summer.
B
Arinze Stanley is a talented young Nigerian artist whose works often leave people asking themselves
if they’re looking at a pencil drawing or a high-definition black and white photograph. Yes, his drawing
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skills are that good!
Arinze’s interest in art, drawing in particular, was started at a young age, primarily by the fact that he
was always surrounded by paper. His family ran a paper company, so he would often kill time by grabbing
a piece of paper and trying his hand at drawing. But he only started exploring hyper-realism in 2012, and
became a professional artist a year later. He has never taken any professional art classes, and says that the
level of detail he is able to produce is only the result of years of practice, Looking at his fantastic artworks,
it's safe to say that he has come a long way in very little time.
“I’ve got a motto I work with and that’s‘Practice, Patience, and Persistence’,” Arinze said. “Constant
practice makes me better at what I do but it will not have been possible without persistence and patience, as
it takes over 200 hours to complete a drawing and I only have time to work during the night due to my busy
schedule at work during the day.”
Arinze says that he takes inspiration for his artworks from everything around him and takes reference
photos himself using a camera, but focuses primarily on portraits. He acknowledges that he often ends up
staring at people’s feces unconsciously, and adds that being a portrait artist has made him appreciate the
varieties of human facial structures and details.
24. What does the author think of Arinze’s works?
A. They are contradictory.
B. They are controversial.
C. They are quite true to life.
D. They make the audience less confident.
25. What can we know about Arinze’s childhood from the text?
A. He used to take art classes.
B. He had easy access to paper.
C. He was interested in paper folding.
D. He was able to take amazing photos.
26. Where are Arinze’s ideas for his drawings from?
A. His real life. B. Art books.
C. Masters’ drawings. D. His wild imagination.
27. According to the text, Arinze _______.
A. is still an amateur artist
B. draws extremely quickly
C. is born to be detail-focused
D. has progressed quickly in drawing
C
There is an “environmental silver lining” as a result of the coronavirus( 冠 状 病 毒 ) — carbon
emissions have been reduced by more than 4%, many wildlife markets around the world have been
shuttered and air quality in some places has slightly improved, Dave Ford, founder of the environmental
literacy organization SoulBuffalo, says.
But thanks to an increase in pandemic-related, non-recyclable materials such as take-out plastic
containers and masks, 30% more waste has entered our oceans, he notes. “There’s 129 billion facemasks
being made every month — enough that you could cover the entire country of Switzerland with facemasks
at the end of this year if trends continue,” he says. “And a lot of these masks are ending up in the water.”
The masks look like jellyfish — in other words, food — to turtles and other wildlife creatures, thus,
attractive to those animals and then endangering them, he says.
Very little of the plastic we use is actually recyclable. Sharon Lerner of The Intercept told Here & Now
last year that “the vast majority of plastic that has ever been produced — 79% — has actually ended up in
landfills or burned, but not refashioned into new products”. Even if the plastics we have can be reused,
Ford says recycling programs across the globe are facing drastic budget cuts.
“We’re starting to see recycling programs shuttered, waste picking communities operating at 50% or
actually shutting down. They are the last line of defense between plastic and the environment,” he says.
Last year, Unilever planned to cut its use of non-recycled plastics in half by 2025. In an interview with
Here & Now, Richard Slater, Unilever’s chief research and development officer, drew on the industry
argument that plastic packaging is lighter, which means less shipping and therefore fewer dangerous
emissions that cause climate change.
Yes, plastics are lightweight and can cut down on fuel spending. But on the other hand, plastic waste is
being found in every facet of life—even in the deepest ocean.
28. What does “environmental silver lining” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. An environmental organization.
B. The closure of some wildlife markets.
C. The decrease of carbon dioxide emissions.
D. Benefits on environment from the coronavirus.
29. Why are facemasks appealing to some sea creatures?
A. They resemble the sea creatures’ food.
B. They contain certain unique chemicals.
C. Many sea creatures like to chase plastic by nature.
D. There is a continuous shortage of food in the ocean.
30. What can we learn about the plastic waste?
A. Most of it is recycled into new products.
B. The majority of it is buried or burned.
C. 129 billion facemasks end up in the ocean.
D. There is enough budget for plastic recycling.
31. Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
A. Plastic can cut down fuel spending
B. Recycling programs are shutting down
C. The coronavirus has caused more ocean plastic
D. Solutions to ocean plastic pollution are being explored
D
Police recently caught the suspected Golden State Killer using a tool they could only have dreamed of
decades ago, when a shocking series of murders shook California: a database filled with people’s genetic
data(基因数据).
Police used an open-source database called GEDmatch to find relatives who matched genetic
material taken from an old crime scene, then worked backward to identify and catch 72-year-old former
police officer Joseph James DeAngelo.
GEDmatch’s 950,000 users voluntarily upload and share their genetic information, making it
accessible to others who share their own data — including law enforcement(执法). More than a dozen
other similar platforms also exist. “If your relatives have contributed and you are part of even a family tree
that appears online in one of these shared resources, you can be indirectly tracked through the combination
of their DNA and the publicly available family history,” says Dr. Robert Green, a medical geneticist at
Harvard Medical School.
Data sent to commercial companies like 23andMe, which has over 5 million customers, is much
tougher for outsiders to access, but the case has still highlighted the issue of genetic privacy.
Although many genetic-testing companies have been asked to cooperate with legal investigations(调
查), and clearly warn customers of this possibility, not all requests are honored. “23andMe has never given
customer information to law-enforcement officials,” a company representative told TIME.
The risks of keeping such sensitive data private are high. The potential for abuse exists; for example,
insurance companies could theoretically use genetic data to refuse coverage(保险项目), Green says. But
the systems in place to prevent misuse appear to be working. One is the Genetic Information
Nondiscrimination Act, a 2008 law that protects consumers from employment and insurance discrimination
related to genetics. As long as that’s the case, Green says, the good of genetic tests outweighs the bad.
Sharon Zehe, a lawyer for the department of laboratory medicine and pathology at the Mayo Clinic,
takes a more cautious approach. “Family tree services can be fun, but make sure you are using a reputable
organization that has strong privacy policies in place,” she says. “Genetic data is biologically as important
as a fingerprint.”
32. Who is the Golden State Killer?
A. Robert Green. B. Joseph James De Angelo.
C. The author. D. Sharon Zehe.
33. What drives the users to upload their genetic data?
A. The Police’s force. B. Their relatives’ advice.
C. The boss’s order. D. Their own willingness.
34. Who might misuse customers’ genetic data?
A. The police. B. GEDmatch.
C. Insurance companies. D. 23andMe.
35. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Genetic data is equal to a fingerprint.
B. A 72-year-old killer was put into prison.
C. Murders causes concern for genetic privacy.
D. Genetic information is shared on the Internet.
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Grow Organic Tomatoes in a Container
Anyone who has seen tomatoes growing in a garden knows that they tend to be huge plants. 36
So the first thing to do when considering growing tomatoes in a pot is to find a suitable variety.
After you find the perfect plant, it is time to plant it. In general, plastic or fiberglass pots are best for
growing tomatoes. They don’t dry out quickly. While tomatoes love heat, they don’t like being dry. 37
Besides, tomatoes need to grow in a reasonably large pot. A pot must be 8 inches deep. That’s the absolute
minimum. A 12- or 16-inch pot is even better.
38 Don’t use soil dug directly from the garden. It is too heavy for container gardens. Compost(混
合的) based soil, whether purchased or mixed from your special recipe, is nice. When planting the tomato,
put some soil in the bottom of the pot and set the plant in. After you have the plant set at the proper level,
fill in around it with soil. The soil should go up to about an inch below the rim(边缘) of the pot to allow
room for watering.
39 The best way to tell when to water is to stick your finger into the soil — if the first two inches
are dry, it’s time to water.
The trickiest thing about growing tomatoes in a pot is that they are heavy feeders. Every time you
water, you wash nutrients out of the soil. So fertilize(施肥) regularly. Once a month is good. But every
other week, applying the fertilizer at half-strength is better. 40
A. That’s why clay pots are popular.
B. Instead, use whatever soil you can get.
C. And dry soil can reduce fruit production.
D. This provides constant nutrients for the tomato plants.
E. They require people’s much work to stay manageable.
F. Tomatoes don’t like being dry, so water them regularly.
G. Any good quality organic potting soil works for tomatoes.
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空
白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Many of us have characteristics coming from our families. Maybe we have our father’s eyes or
grandmother’s hair color. But there are still other elements of our personalities picked up by 41 our
parents, such as our mother’s love of cleaning or our dad’s 42 of humor.
Researchers learn there are usually three kinds of people from their 43 .
The first kind of people are the job-oriented(以求职为目的的) who 44 to regard a job as simply
a way to make money. They 45 to working day after day and don’t think it interesting for them to do
anything else. If you have a job-oriented father, you may 46 work this way. However, you’ll not
47 hold the viewpoint if you grow up close to your job-oriented mother.
The second are the career-oriented who see their jobs as a place to gain 48 . They don’t mind
working overtime. In fact, some 49 their jobs so much that they are feeling more comfortable in the
50 than at home. They are always 51 of making progress in their work. Being close to a
career-oriented father 52 you’ll carry on your father’s. 53 enough, having a mother with this
viewpoint seems to have little 54 .
The third are the calling-oriented who consider their jobs as a way to have a 55 effect on the
world. They are more 56 improving the world around them than 57 a large salary. These people
usually come from homes 58 both parents have abilities. This 59 that adolescents need the
support of both parents in order to have the confidence.
The good news is — we still have our 60 to find a career that suits us.
41. A. inviting B. nursing C. protecting D. modeling
42. A. scene B. sense C. right D. gift
43. A. study B. university C. academy D. classroom
44. A. attempt B. manage C. tend D. offer
45. A. are supposed B. are opposed C. look forward D. are linked
46. A. view B. think C. believe D. imagine
47. A. frequently B. constantly C. probably D. potentially
48. A. explanations B. expressions C. directions D. achievements
49. A. addict B. value C. devote D. contribute
50. A. club B. office C. cinema D. pub
51. A. sad B. curious C. proud D. afraid
52. A. equals B. means C. demands D. shows
53. A. Worriedly B. Surely C. Carefully D. Strangely
54. A. influence B. evidence C. justice D. performance
55. A. negative B. side C. bad D. positive
56. A. disappointed at B. concerned about C. puzzled at D. confused at
57. A. paying B. raising C. earning D. making
58. A. where B. whose C. which D. that
59. A. suggests B. insists C. recommends D. convinces
60. A. advice B. difference C. change D. choice
第二节（共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
While not everyone will have been deep in thought about the subject while staring out of the window
during a flight, the question as to why aeroplanes have circular windows rather than square ones 61
(be) interesting. Over the years, aerospace engineering 62 (make) great advances in aeroplane
technology, meaning planes can carry more 63 (passenger) and go faster. The planes have also
changed shape and many other things to increase safety, the windows 64 (include). There was a time
65 jets became the mainstream, and the De Havilland Comet came into fashion. With a pressurized
cabin(加压舱), it was able to go higher and faster 66 other aircrafts.
However, the plane had square windows and in 1953 two planes fell apart in the air, killing 56 people
in total. 67 did the plane crash? As for the windows, where there’s a corner, there’s a weak spot.
Windows, 68 (have) four corners have four potential weak spots, making them likely to crash under
stress, like air pressure. By curving the window, the stress that would 69 (eventual) crack the window
corner is distributed and the likelihood of 70 (it) breaking is reduced.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节 短文改错（满分 10 分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处
语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。
It is no doubt that birds are our friends. Therefore, a large number of birds are killed for food every
year, which really caused more and more people to be worried. The other day I was walking in the woods
when a shot was heard. Heard the shot, the bird in the trees flew in all directions. A bird was bad injured
and looked sad. Finding a bird injured, I decide to take it home. At home I took good care of it. When it
recovered, I returned it back to the woods. I hope something can be done to protect birds from killed.
第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分）
假定你是某国际学校高中生李华，最近你发现你校图书馆阅览室中存在高声喧哗和乱丢垃圾的
现象，请用英语给馆长 Mr. Smith 写一封信。要点如下：
1.说明写信的目的；
2.提出合理的建议。
注意：1.词数 100 左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Mr. Smith,
I am Li Hua, a high school student.
Thank you for your consideration.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
2020-2021 学年高三第二次模拟考试卷
英 语 （四）答案
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
略
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
A
【答案】21-23 DBD
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。中国各地都有校园博物馆提供各种各样的收藏品，让人大开眼
界。文章主要介绍了五个校园博物馆门票、开放时间以及各自亮点等。
21.细节理解题。由 China Ichthyic Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean University 部分“In
this collection of more than 40,000 specimens of about 3,000 ocean-dwelling species, the most
eye-catching one is an 18.4-meter-long sperm whale skeleton.”可知，如果你对海洋生物感兴趣，
你可以去上海海洋大学中国鱼文化博物馆，故选 D。
22.细节理解题。由 Yifu Museum of China University of Geosciences 部分“It houses a
collection of more than 30,000 mineral and rock specimens, more than 2,000 of which are rare ones
like the museum’s well-known dinosaur fossils.”可知，在中国地质大学逸夫博物馆可以看到恐
龙化石。故选 B。
23.细节理解题。由 China Academy Museum at Hunan University 部分“Opening hours:
Monday to Sunday, 8:00 am-6: 30 pm in summer and 8:30 am-6:00 pm in winter”可知，选项 D 符
合题意。
B
【答案】24-27 CBAD
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了尼日利亚艺术家 Arinze Stanley 绘画非常逼真，介
绍了 Arinze 开始从事绘画的个人经历以及他对于绘画的一些看法。
24.细节理解题。根据第一段可知，Arinze Stanley 是一位才华横溢的年轻尼日利亚艺术家，
他的作品经常让人们问自己：看到的是铅笔画还是高清黑白照片？是的，他的绘画技巧就是
有那么好！因此作者认为 Arinze 的作品非常逼真。故选 C。
25.细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Arinze 对艺术的兴趣，尤其是对绘画的兴趣，在很小
的时候就开始了，主要是因为他总是被纸包围着。他的家族经营着一家纸业公司，所以他经
常拿起一张纸，试着画画来消磨时间。由此可知 Arinze 童年很容易拿到纸。故选 B。
26.细节理解题。根据最后一段，Arinze 说，他会从周围的一切中汲取灵感，自己用相机
拍摄参考照片，但主要集中在人像上。由此可知，Arinze 的绘画灵感来自他的真实生活。故选
A。
27.推理判断题。根据第二段内容，直到 2012 年，他才开始探索超现实主义，并在一年后
成为一名职业艺术家。他从来没有上过任何专业的艺术课程，他说自己能够制作的细节水平
只是多年实践的结果，看看他神奇的艺术品，可以肯定地说，他已经在很短的时间里走了很
长一段路。可推知 Arinze 在绘画方面进步很快。故选 D。
C
【答案】28-31 DABC
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新冠病毒的出现使得塑料产品使用增多，导致海洋
污染增加。
28.词义猜测题。根据文章第一段“carbon emissions have been reduced by more than 4%,
many wildlife markets around the world have been shuttered and air quality in some places has
slightly improved”（碳排放量减少了 4%以上，世界各地许多野生动物市场被关闭，一些地方
的空气质量略有改善。）可知，新冠病毒的出现给环境带来了一线希望，所以 environmental silver
lining 指的是新冠病毒对环境的好处。故选 D。
29.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The masks look like jellyfish — in other words, food — to
turtles and other wildlife creatures, thus, attractive to those animals and then endangering them”（很
多这样的口罩最后都掉进水里了。这种口罩看起来像水母，换句话说，是乌龟和其他野生动
物的食物。因此，吸引了这些动物，然后又害了它们。）可知，有些海洋生物喜欢口罩，是因
为它们很像海洋生物的食物。故选 A。
30.细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，去年，Intercept 网站的 Sharon Lerner 在接受采访
时表示：绝大多数已经生产出来的塑料，79%最终都被扔进了垃圾填埋场或被焚烧，没有被改
造成新产品。因此，大部分塑料废品都被埋了或者烧掉了。故选 B。
31.主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“But on the other hand, plastic waste is being found in
every facet of life — even in the deepest ocean.”（但另一方面，塑料垃圾正在生活的各个方面被
发现，甚至在最深的海洋。）及全文内容可知，文章介绍了新冠病毒的出现使得塑料产品使用
增多，导致海洋污染增加。所以选项 C（冠状病毒造成了海洋更多的塑料）作为文章标题最为
合适。故选 C。
D
【答案】32-35 BDCC
【解析】本文是一篇社会类短文阅读。文章主要讲述由“金州杀手”谋杀案件引发的对基因
隐私的担忧。
32.细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知，“金州杀手”是 72 岁的前警员 Joseph James
DeAngelo。故选 B。
33.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“GEDmatch’s 950,000 users voluntarily upload and share
their genetic information, making it accessible to others who share their own data — including law
enforcement(执法).”可知，用户是自愿上传他们的基因数据的。故选 D。
34.细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“The risks of keeping such sensitive data private are
high. The potential for abuse exists; for example, insurance companies could theoretically use
genetic data to refuse coverage(保险项目), Green says.”可知，保险公司可能会滥用客户的基因
数据。故选 C。
35.主旨大意。文章主要讲述由“金州杀手”谋杀案件引发的对基因隐私的担忧。故选 C。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
【答案】36-40 ECGFD
【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何在容器中种植有机西红柿。
36.上文提示：任何看过西红柿在菜园里生长的人都知道，它们往往特别大。E 项（它们需要
人们做大量的工作来保持可控性。）能够承接上文，且能够引起下文考虑在容器中种植西红柿
时，首先要做的是找到合适的品种。故选 E。
37.空格上句介绍的是西红柿的生长环境，喜欢热，但不喜欢干。C 项（土壤干燥会降低果实
产量。）能够承接上文，上文说西红柿不喜欢干燥的土壤，选项说明了不喜欢干燥的土壤的原
因，故选 C。
38.下文提示：不要用直接从菜园里挖的土。它对容器菜园来说太重了。用混合的土壤，无论
是购买或混合自你的特殊配方，都可以。本段内容告诉我们如何选择种植西红柿的土壤。G 项
（任何优质的有机盆栽土壤都适合种植西红柿。）符合段落主旨，告诉我们选择土壤时，任何
优质的有机盆栽土壤都适合种植西红柿。故选 G。
39.下文提示：判断何时该浇水的最好方法是把手指伸进土壤里，如果头两英寸是干的，就应
该浇水了。本段内容告诉我们如何给西红柿浇水。F 项（西红柿不喜欢干，所以要经常浇水。）
能够引起下文，故选 F。
40.上文提示：一个月一次就好了。但每隔一周，以平常用量的一半施用肥料会更好。本段内
容告诉我们如何给西红柿施肥。D 项（这为西红柿植物提供了连续不断的营养。）能够承接上
文，说明了这样做的原因，故选 D。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
【答案】41-45 DBACC 46-50 ACDBB 51-55 CBDAD 56-60 BCAAD
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章提出一项研究将人们按照工作观念分为三种类型：以求职为
目的、以事业为目的、以使命感为目的，而持不同观念的人都会或多或少影响到自己的下一
代。
41.考查动词词义辨析。A. inviting：邀请；B. nursing：照顾；C. protecting：保护；D. modeling：
模拟，模仿。结合文段的主题——家庭的遗传和继承，显然这里指我们通过模仿父母、以父
母为榜样形成了一些性格特征。故选 D 项。
42.考查名词词义辨析。A. scene：场景，现场；B. sense：感觉，感官；C. right：权利；D.
gift：礼物，天赋。这里举例说明性格特征，应该用 sense of humor 表示幽默感。故选 B 项。
43.考查名词词义辨析 A. study：学习，研究；B. university：大学；C. academy：学院；D.
classroom：教室。分析句子可知，这里的 their 应该指 researchers，这一结论是从他们的研究
中得出来的，要用 study。故选 A 项。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一种人是以求职为目的的，他们倾向于把工作仅视为一
种赚钱的手段。A. attempt：企图，试图；B. manage：管理，设法；C. tend：趋向，照料；D. offer：
提供。这里进一步解释以求职为目的的人的特点，故选 C 项。
45.考查固定短语词义辨析。A. are supposed：被期望，应该；B. are opposed：反对；C. look
forward：期待；D. are linked：与……有关联。从该句中刻画出的“工作狂”形象不难推断，
他们对工作是满怀期待的。故选 C 项。
46.考查动词词义辨析。A. view：观察，查看；B. think：认为；C. believe：相信；D. imagine：
想象。与下一句的 viewpoint 对应，这里指父亲的工作观念可能会影响子女产生相同的观念，
也就是如何看待工作。故选 A 项。
47.考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，如果你是在工作狂母亲身边长大的话，可能就不会
持这种观念了。A. frequently：频繁地；B. constantly：不断地；C. probably：可能，或许；D.
potentially：潜在地。根据 However 一词可知该句与前文形成转折，前句中就用到了 may，这
里也要用 probably，都表示一种推测。故选 C 项。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二种人是以事业为目的的，他们会把工作看作获取成就
的机会。A. explanations：解释；B. expressions：表情；C. directions：指导，说明；D. achievements：
成就。结合语境来看，第二种人事业心强，与后文的 making progress 结合起来，应该指他们
希望通过工作来取得进步、获得成就。故选 D 项。
49.考查动词词义辨析。A. addict：使上瘾；B. value：评估，重视；C. devote：奉献，致
力于；D. contribute：贡献，出力。从文段内容来看，第二种人把工作看得很重要，这里用 value
可以表示重视。故选 B 项。
50.考查名词词义辨析。A. club：俱乐部；B. office：办公室；C. cinema：电影院；D. pub：
酒吧。这里凸显第二种人对工作的重视程度。故选 B 项。
51.考查形容词词义辨析。A. sad：伤心的；B. curious：好奇的；C. proud：骄傲的；D. afraid：
害怕的。第二种人重视工作，当然也享受工作带来的成就感，所以会对工作中的进展产生正
向积极的情绪。故选 C 项。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：与一个以事业为目的的父亲亲近，意味着你会继承他的特
点。A. equals：等同于；B. means：意味着；C. demands：要求；D. shows：表明。此处要用
mean 表示“意味着”，说明一种结果或影响。故选 B 项。
53.考查副词词义辨析。句意：奇怪的是，和这样的母亲相处似乎受不到什么影响。A.
Worriedly：担忧地；B. Surely：当然；C. Carefully：小心地；D. Strangely：奇怪地，奇妙地。
根据句中 little 一词不难推断，这里要表达与前句相反的意思，父亲会影响子女，母亲却没有
影响，这是比较让人奇怪、疑惑的。故选 D 项。
54.考查名词词义辨析。A. influence：影响；B. evidence：证据；C. justice：正义；D.
performance：表演。同样与前句对照，第二种类型的父亲会对子女的工作观念产生很大影响，
这里转折的句意应当指母亲对子女的影响微乎其微。故选 A 项。
55.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第三种人是以使命感为目的的，他们会认为自己的工作
对整个世界都有积极的作用。A. negative：消极的；B. side：侧的；C. bad：坏的；D. positive：
积极的。既然是工作有使命感的人，一定会认为自己做的事情对世界有意义，有积极的影响。
故选 D 项。
56.考查固定短语词义辨析。A. disappointed at：对……失望；B. concerned about：对……
担心；C. puzzled at：对……迷惑；D. confused at：对……困惑。第三种人是使命感较强的人，
他们对于大局、对于周围的世界会关注、担心得更多。故选 B 项。
57.考查动词词义辨析。A. paying：付款；B. raising：抬起，举起；C. earning：挣钱；D. making：
制作。这里搭配的宾语是 a large salary，要表现第三种人的使命感，应该指他们对挣大钱不是
很在意。故选 C 项。
58.考查定语从句关系词辨析。句意：这些人通常来自于父母能力都比较强的家庭。A.
where：关系副词，作状语；B. whose：关系代词，作定语；C. which：关系代词，作主、宾语；
D. that：关系代词，作主、宾语。分析句子结构可知，空格处前后句成分都完整，考虑定语从
句，应当把先行词 homes 视为后句的地点状语，此时要用关系副词 where。故选 A 项。
59.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这表明青少年们需要父母的支持才能获得自信。A. suggests：
建议，表明；B. insists：坚持；C. recommends：推荐；D. convinces：使信服。分析句子可知，
空格后的句子就是从前文中得出的一个结论，主语 This 指代的就是前句描述的事实，应该用
suggest 表示“表明，暗示”。故选 A 项。
60.考查名词词义辨析。句意：好消息是，我们仍然可以自己选择找到一份适合自己的工
作。A. advice：建议；B. difference：差异；C. change：改变；D. choice：选择。文章中讲的全
都是父母的事业性格类型对子女的影响，最后话锋一转，要表达每人也有自行选择事业的权
利。故选 D 项。
第二节（共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
【答案】
61. is 62. has made/has been making 63. passengers 64. included 65.
when
66. than 67. Why 68. having 69. eventually 70. its
【解析】本文是一篇科普文。文章向我们解答了飞机的窗户是圆形而不是方形的疑惑。
61.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但为什么飞机的窗户是圆形而不是方形的这个问题还是
很有趣的。主语为 the question，且是在陈述事实。故填 is。
62.考查时态。句意：多年来，航空航天工程在飞机技术方面取得了巨大的进步。时间状
语 over the years 可知，用现在完成时。航天事业在飞机技术上取得的进步可以是已经实现的，
也可以理解为一直持续进行的，所以也可用现在完成进行时。故填 has made/has been making。
63.考查名词的数。句意：这意味着飞机可以搭载更多的乘客，速度更快。根据文中的 more
可知，应使用名词复数。故填 passengers。
64.考查非谓语动词。名词 the windows 与动词 include 是被动关系，所以用动词过去式作
后置定语。故填 included。
65.考查定语从句。句意：喷气式飞机曾一度成为主流，哈维兰彗星也开始流行起来。句
中先行词为 time，在定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词 when 引导定语从句。故填 when。
66.考查介词。句意：由于有一个增压舱，它能够比其他飞机飞得更高更快。根据句中的
形容词比较级 higher 和 faster，所以是 it 和 other aircrafts 的比较。故填 than。
67.考查疑问副词。句意：飞机为什么会坠毁？根据空后一句可知，这个问句是在询问坠
机的原因。故填 Why。
68.考查非谓语动词。句意：有四个角的窗户有四个潜在的弱点，这使得它们在压力下，
比如气压下，很可能会破裂。名词 Windows 与动词 have 是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。
故填 having。
69.考查副词。句意：通过弯曲窗户，最终会使窗户角落破裂的应力得到分布，从而降低
窗户破裂的可能性。动词 crack 前用副词修饰。故填 eventually。
70.考查代词。修饰名词 breaking，前 it 要改为形容词性物主代词。故填 its。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节 短文改错（满分 10 分）
【答案】
1.第一句，It 改为 There
2.第二句，Therefore 改为 However
3.第二句，caused 改为 causes
4.第四句，Heard 改为 Hearing
5.第四句，bird 改为 birds
6.第五句，bad 改为 badly
7.第六句，a 改为 the
8.第六句，decide 改为 decided
9.第八句，去掉 back
10.第九句，在 from 后加 being
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者救了一只受伤的鸟并呼吁大家保护鸟类。
1.考查固定句型。句意：毫无疑问，鸟类是我们的朋友。固定句型 There is no doubt that：
毫无疑问……。故将 It 改为 There。
2.考查副词。句意：然而，每年都有大量的鸟类被杀作为食物，这确实引起了越来越多的
人的担忧。前句与本句是转折关系。故将 Therefore 改为 However。
3.考查动词时态。根据时间词 every year 说明这是一个现存的事实现象，所以用一般现在
时。非限定性定语从句，指代前面的一件事，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故将 caused 改为 causes。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：一听到枪声，树上的鸟儿就四散奔逃。逻辑主语 the birds 和动
词 hear 是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故将 Heard 改为 Hearing。
5.考查名词的数。根据句中 in all directions 可知不止一只鸟，所以用名词复数。故将 bird
改为 birds。
6.考查副词修饰动词，用副词形式。故将 bad 改为 badly。
7.考查冠词。这只鸟是特指的那只受伤的鸟，所以用定冠词 the。故将 a 改为 the。
8.考查动词时态。根据前句的“was”和“looked”可知应用过去时，故 decide 改为 decided。
9.考查固定短语。动词 return 就是“归还”的意思，固定短语 return sth to sb=give sth back
to sb：把某物还给某人。故将 back 删去。
10.考查非谓语动词。名词 birds 与动词 kill 是被动关系，且固定短语 protect sb from doing
sth：保护某人不做某事。故在 from 后添加 being。
第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分）
【范文】
Dear Mr. Smith,
I am Li Hua, a high school student. I am writing to draw your attention to the improper
behaviors among students in the reading rooms of the school library: making too much noise and
littering. As you know, it is difficult for readers to focus while some students are talking to each
other or making phone calls. Besides, a noisy and dirty environment is not only bad for our health
but also has a negative effect on our studying.
Therefore, in my opinion, some measures should be taken to solve these problems. First, put up
some signs that forbid such improper behaviors. Second, ask all the students to pick up their rubbish
when they leave.
Thank you for your consideration.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给图书馆馆长 Mr. Smith 写一封信，说明图书馆
阅览室中存在的不当行为并提出合理的建议。
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，少量现在进行时。
结构：总分法，把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
第二步：列提纲（重点词组/句型）
draw one’s attention to...；make too much noise；it is difficult for sb. to do sth.；put up；pick up
第三步：连词成句
1. A noisy and dirty environment is not only bad for our health but also has a negative effect on our
studying.
2. Put up some signs that forbid such improper behaviors.
3. Ask all the students to pick up their rubbish when they leave.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First，Second
2.表并列补充关系：Besides，Not only...but also...，and
3.表因果关系：Therefore
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【名师点睛】
As you know, it is difficult for readers to focus while some students are talking to each other or
making phone calls.（由 while 引导的时间状语从句）
First, put up some signs that forbid such improper behaviors.（由关系代词 that 引导限制性定语从
句）
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