山东省（新高考）2021届高三英语3月第二次模拟考试卷（四）（Word版附答案）

山东省（新高考）2021 届高三下学期 3 月第二次模拟考试卷 英 语 （四） 注意事项： 1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码 粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑， 写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿 纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。 第Ⅰ卷（选择题） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段 对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是 C。 1. When does the man want to meet Mr. Clark? A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday. 2. What will the woman do tomorrow? A. Go to the bank. B. Take a trip to California. C. Lend some money to the man. 3. What does the boy think of his parents? A. Open-minded. B. Generous. C. Strict. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Which dress to buy. B. How to choose a dress. C. What to wear to the party. 5. Where does the conversation take place? A. At a restaurant. B. At a supermarket. C. At the woman’s house. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选 岀最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将 给岀 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. What is the woman going to do? A. See a film. B. Visit a park. C. Go shopping. 7. Which bus will the woman take? A. Bus number 112. B. Bus number 113. C. Bus number 153. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 小题。 8. What worries the man at first? A. He can’t enjoy his trip with painful feet. B. He has no time to travel with his family. C. He doesn’t want to visit Paris this summer. 9. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Visit another city. B. Take a boat trip. C. Go on a walk tour. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 小题。 10. For whom does the man want to rent a flat? A. Himself. B. His family. C. He and his friends. 11. What is the man’s job? A. He is a college student. B. He works in a car factory. C. He works in the central bank. 12. How many bedrooms does the man prefer to have? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 小题。 13. Where are the speakers? A. In a theater. B. In a studio. C. In a cinema. 14. What does Peter think of classical plays? 此 卷 只 装 订 不 密 封 班 级 姓 名 准 考 证 号 考 场 号 座 位 号 此 卷 只 装 订 不 密 封 班 级 姓 名 准 考 证 号 考 场 号 座 位 号 A. They are boring. B. They are challenging. C. They are wonderful. 15. What helps Peter remember the words in a play? A. The talent he was born with. B. The training he got at university. C. The experience he gained on stage. 16. How does Peter feel about watching his performances on TV? A. Satisfied. B. Embarrassed. C. Disappointed. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 小题。 17. Who did the speaker go on a cookery course with? A. Her cousin. B. Her sister. C. Her mother. 18. Which course did the speaker choose? A. The one-day course. B. The three-day course. C. The one-week course. 19. What surprised the speaker when she started her course? A. The course was popular. B. There were many teenagers. C. Many teachers were there to help. 20. Which place did the speaker visit? A. A restaurant. B. A market. C. A supermarket. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.2 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题 卡上将该项涂黑。 A Giraffe Manor(Kenya) Giraffe Manor is an extraordinary hotel built in the early 1930s and lies in Nairobi, Kenya. The hotel is most well-known for its Rothschild giraffes. Every morning and evening, giraffes will enter the dining hall and eat with the guests. Giraffe Manor is the only place in the world where people can get this up close and personal with a giraffe. The Ice Hotel (Sweden) The hotel, lying in a remote village in Sweden, is the first ice hotel in existence. It was started in the 1980s by a Swedish artist who wanted to create a large sculpture to celebrate the natural resources around it. The hotel is rebuilt every year, opening in winter and closing in spring. Free Spirit Spheres (British Columbia) The goal of Free Spirit Spheres is to provide a place for people to enjoy exceptional experiences while living in a natural forest environment. It is open year-round on Vancouver Island. It is the only known eco-friendly tree house hotel in the world. It is so popular that you may have to book it three months to a year in advance. The Manta Resort (Tanzania) The underwater hotel is part of the unique Manta Resort on Pemba Island in Tanzania. It is 273 yards offshore(在近海)in the Manta house reef(礁). The reef is famous for its abundant oceanic wildlife and guests come to experience the peace and quietness that the remote island offers. The room is surrounded on all sides with large windows so that guests can be part of the wildlife activity around the reef. 21．What attracts guests most in Giraffe Manor? A．The sculpture. B．The reef. C．The tree. D．The giraffe. 22．Which hotel do you need to reserve ahead of time? A．Giraffe Manor. B．Free Spirit Spheres. C．The Ice Hotel. D．The Manta Resort. 23．What do these hotels have in common? A．They lie in remote villages. B．They offer amazing experiences. C．They are open all year round. D．They cost an amount of money. B I remember doing the household chores to help my mother when I was nine. I hated changing the vacuum cleaner (真空吸尘器) bag and picking up things the machine did not suck up. Twenty years later, in 1978, with this lifelong dislike of the way the machine worked, I decided to make a bagless one. Easier said than done, of course. I didn’t realize that I would spend the next five years perfecting my design, a process that resulted in 5,127 different prototypes (样机). By the time I made my 15th prototype, my third child was born. By 2,627, my wife and I were really counting our pennies. By 3,727, my wife was giving art lessons for some extra cash, and we were getting further and further into debt. These were tough times, but each failure brought me closer to solving the problem. In the early 1980s, I started trying to get licensing agreements for my technology. The reality was very different, however. The major vacuum makers had built a business model based on the profits from bags and filters (滤网). No one would license my idea, not because it was a bad one, but because it was bad for business. But soon after, the companies that I had talked with started making machines like mine. I had to fight legal battles on both sides of the Atlantic to protect the patents on my vacuum cleaner. I was still in financial difficulties until 1993, when my bank manager personally persuaded Lloyds Bank to lend me $1 million. Then I was able to go into production. Within two years, the Dyson vacuum cleaner became a best-seller in Britain. Today, I still embrace risk and the potential for failure as part of the process. Nothing beats the excitement of invention, 24．What drove the author to make a bagless vacuum cleaner? A．His willingness to help mom. B．His curiosity about machines. C．His trouble in doing family chores. D．His discontent with existing cleaners. 25．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A．The help from the author’s wife. B．The financial problems of the family. C．The tough process of the new invention. D．The procedures of making a bagless cleaner. 26．Why did the companies refuse to license the author’s technology? A．They thought they might suffer loss. B．They considered it not good enough. C．They faced legal problems themselves. D．They had begun making such machines. 27．What lesson may the author learn from the experience? A．Think twice before acting. B．Failure is the mother of success. C．Actions speak louder than words. D． A good beginning makes a good ending. C Student loan (贷款) debt has become a worldwide problem. In America, the country's overall student debt reached a record of $1.6 trillion in 2019. The average person with student loan debt owed between $20,000 and $25,000. A recent Japanese government report says it has been lending over $9 billion yearly to students since 2010. Similar conditions exist in Africa and South America. Several factors account for high student loan debt. One is that employers everywhere have increased their demands for skilled workers, making higher education a requirement for many jobs. The students, however, after graduation, often find that their country's economy is not strong enough to support their financial needs, so their ability to pay back the loan becomes a problem. To solve the problem, many countries are seeking their ways. Australia has developed a system where students do not have to pay anything back until they are earning at least $40,000 a year. In America, several candidates running for president in the 2020 election have offered more extreme solutions that all or at least some of these loans will be forgiven. Some professors in several universities recently studied what the effects of debt forgiveness might be. They found that, overall, sudden debt relief greatly improved the borrowers' lives. Not only did they have more money, but they were more likely to move to a new area and seek better paying work. Yet the professors' research doesn't include what might happen to financial institutions or the overall economy if debt were totally forgiven. It only looks at how debt forgiveness would help the borrowers. They warn of some other possible negative effects. If a borrower knew that if he ran into any trouble he would be saved because he could get the debt relief, then he might actually become more reckless (轻率的) with his borrowing in the future. No matter what, the professors agree that if countries do decide to approve some student debt relief the neediest students should be helped first. 28．How does the author introduce the problem of student loan? A．By making a comparison. B．By making classifications. C．By presenting some statistics. D．By setting down general rules. 29．What can we learn about student loan debt relief? A．It will surely provide some benefits to borrowers. B．It has already been carried out in the United States. C．It aims to encourage more students to borrow money. D．It will prevent a person from landing a well-paying job. 30．What is the professors' attitude to debt forgiveness? A．Uncaring. B．Positive. C．Disapproving. D．Cautious. 31．What's the main idea of the text? A．Student loan debt is the most serious problem worldwide. B．Growing global student debt fuels search for solutions. C．Student loan debt tends to pull the needy out of trouble. D．People hold different opinions on debt forgiveness. D One of the most dangerous insects you need to watch out for during summer is mosquitoes. But no matter how you try to avoid them, some people naturally attract mosquitoes more than others. One of the most important facts to remember is that mosquitoes track people down by smell and body odour(气味), according to Bart Knols, PhD, a biologist devoted to the study of mosquitoes. The carbon dioxide people breathe out, along with chemicals from the skin, creates an “odour plume” that mosquitoes can detect from up to almost 100 feet away. “Each person gives off more than 300 chemicals from the skin, more than 100 in breathing out,” Knols says. The specific mixtures on the skin that mosquitoes respond to vary by species. The yellow fever mosquito and Asian tiger mosquito, for example, respond well to lactic acid from skin. African malaria mosquitoes respond to a mix of fatty acids, according to Knols. Your individual mixtures and smells determine how much of a mosquito attraction you are, depending on the mosquito species. The mix of chemicals you produce are only partly in your control. These chemicals depend on your genetic make-up, health condition, diet, skin pH, and so on. “Bacteria(细菌)on the skin break down the mixtures that we give off through our pores(毛孔), and these are the attractive smells,” Knols says. “So it is not actually we that attract mosquitoes, but the bacteria on our skin.” Although this is a complex and partly understood phenomenon, Knols says that we do all have a unique smell. There are many folk stories about why some people are more or less attractive to mosquitoes. Some people falsely think the blood type is the cause, and others believe taking vitamin B or eating garlic makes people less attractive to mosquitoes—but Knols notes there’s no scientific data backing these claims. 32．What do we learn from the second paragraph? A．Mosquitoes can detect people with smell. B．Nobody can avoid mosquitoes anyway. C．A person breathes out over 300 chemicals. D．People naturally attract mosquitoes. 33．Why does the author take several kinds of mosquitoes for example? A．To persuade readers to protect the environment. B．To warn people against touching mosquitoes. C．To show different mosquitoes react to mixtures. D．To make people look out for poisonous mosquitoes. 34．What draws mosquitoes according to Bart Knols? A．Chemicals in the mouth. B．Mixtures people give off. C．Smells from the pores. D．Bacteria on the skin. 35．What is the best title for the text? A．The Scientific Reason You Are a Mosquito Attraction B．Folk Stories about How Mosquitoes Attack People C．Attitudes toward Mosquitoes Different People Have D．Ways to Make People More and More Attractive 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It's Alarming: What Wakes You Up Each Morning? How do you wake up in the morning? If you set an alarm on your phone or clock that sounds like this: beep beep beep? 36． Sleep inertia is another term for grogginess(昏睡), which means a person has a heavy feeling when waking up, and has trouble getting moving again after sleeping, 37 ． A recent study says yes. The answer is music. Researchers say alarms that have a melody—like the beginning of this song—can help people feel fresher in the morning. The study, carried out by researchers in Australia, involved 50 people. The study subjects answered questions about the alarm sound they like to wake up to, how they feel about that sound and how they feel when they wake up. 38． However, it is early days and more work is needed to fully know the answer. So, what makes musical alarms better for waking up? The researchers think the music may be more successful in reducing grogginess because it has several tones, compared to the single tone of a "beeping" alarm. 39． And is there a kind of music that is best to wake up to? There may be 40． However, no matter how you wake up, experts say, the amount of sleep you get also matters a lot. A．Can musical alarms work wonders？ B．So, is there a better way to do the trick？ C．This can help you fall asleep more quickly and easily. D．Alarm sounds that are tune full and easy to hum or sing along with may be good choices. E. The researchers found that people who wake up to musical alarms reported feeling more awake and alert. F. The changes over time between the music tones may help increase a person's attention when waking from sleep. G. That hard, unpleasant sound may be making it harder to shake off the sleepy feeling in the morning known as grogginess. 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空 白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Ice and snow were beating the window and the wind almost swept everything away outside. I 41 how I would get home. The 12-mile route took me up and down steep hills and around 42 turns. I whispered a prayer for 43 . My old green Blazer SUV was doing wonderfully over the 44 roadway. 45 as I climbed one of the steepest and scariest hills, I noticed the tires were slipping, and I decided it was time to 46 to four-wheel drive. Slowly the tires 47 the road, and the top came 48 sight. Unfortunately, I had just made it when the 49 stopped. I pushed and pulled the lever ( 档 杆)—nothing happened. I was 50 with snow and ice balls around. Even though I had met no one on this lonely road, I hoped someone might come to 51 . After a few minutes, I 52 an old pickup truck. A smiling young man I’d never seen before rolled down his window, asking if I needed help. I ensured him I did. Then he showed me how to operate the four-wheel-drive shifting gear (齿轮), locking it into 53 . 54 , I got the Blazer starting. When I thanked the stranger and asked if he lived around the area, he just said, “Oh, over there.” Do I believe in angels? You 55 ! 41．A．wondered B．realized C．assumed D．stated 42．A．smooth B．sharp C．simple D．slight 43．A．liberty B．priority C．safety D．recovery 44．A．ice-covered B．flood-ruined C．badly-built D．well-equipped 45．A．But B．Or C．So D．And 46．A．attend B．appeal C．switch D．lead 47．A．lost control of B．took charge of C．got along with D．held on to 48．A．into B．beyond C．over D．from 49．A．wind B．snow C．vehicle D．driver 50．A．hurt B．stuck C．engaged D．panicked 51．A．life B．power C．help D．mind 52．A．boarded B．missed C．called D．spied 53．A．comfort B．scene C．action D．place 54．A．By no means B．In no time C．In some way D．In the meanwhile 55．A．fail B．approve C．count D．bet 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题） 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第二节（共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Peking Opera is a form of traditional Chinese theater that56． ( appear) in Beijing in the late 18th century.57． (combine) music, song, dance and acrobatics (杂技动作) in a lively and colorful display, it is a 58． ( relative) new style of drama, compared to other types of Chinese theater. In the early years of Peking Opera, all the actors were men,59． the roles of women played by young boys. The stories fell into two main 60． ( category) -wen, or civil theater, which focused on love, marriage and other civilian concerns, and wu,or military theater, which focused on the theme of war and was known for featuring thrilling stage actions. In the first half of the 61． (twenty) century, the most famous actor of Peking Opera was Mei Lanfang,62． played a key role in popularizing Peking Opera and introducing Chinese theater to the West. Additionally, Mei also took the bold step of taking on female students, which was 63． highly risky and unconventional step at the time. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, Peking Opera performances, which dealt with contemporary and revolutionary themes, were encouraged. Despite 64． ( it) ups and downs, Peking Opera was revived(复兴) in the 1980s and continues to 65． (perform) today. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分 15 分） 假定你是李华，上周末你们班在附近社区的老年人活动中心组织了一次义工活动。请你为校英 文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1.陪伴老人，教老人智能手机的生活应用等； 2.活动反响。 注意： 1.写作词汇应为 80 左右； 2.请按如下格式在答案卡的相应位置作答。 A Significant Voluntary Activity ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写（满分 25 分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词 数应为 150 左右。 When there was news that a storm was coming, Sarah didn’t think much about it. She simply shrugged it off like any other normal day. When she went to the grocery store and saw that it was full, she still didn’t worry. People ran like mad between aisles (过道), grabbing what they could. Bare shelves and long lines made Sarah chuckle (窃笑). They must be overreacting, she thought. On her way home, she looked overhead. Dark clouds were indeed forming. And they seemed to be moving quickly across the sky. Still, Sarah was not bothered. The rain would be nice since it had been warm lately. When she got home, Sarah made popcorn and sat on the sofa with her dog, Cooper, and got ready to watch a movie. Just as she hit play on the remote, she heard the thunder. Rain started to come down hard, making it almost impossible to see the trees in her front yard through the window. Cooper immediately jumped from the sofa, barking in fear in the corner. “It’s OK.” Sarah said. She moved to one side and saw Cooper looked a bit nervous. Sarah turned off the movie and instead skipped to the local news station. The storm was much more serious than she had thought. People in a nearby city even said they spotted a tornado. The reporter advised people to stay inside and secure all of the doors and windows. Sarah got up and began making her way around the house. Cooper followed close behind as she checked all of the windows to make sure they were all fully closed. By the time she got back to her sofa, the rain had stopped. “That wasn’t so bad,” Sarah said aloud. “Just a nice shower.” She turned to cooper, who had gone back to the corner and still looked a bit frightened. She looked outside. It was actually very calm, but she could see that the wind was picking up. The branches of the trees were swinging and the garbage bin had tipped over. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Obviously, a storm was on its way. ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ Trapped at home, Sarah wondered how she could survive. ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 英 语 答案解析 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 【答案】1-5 CACCA 6-10 ABABC 11-15 CCBCA 16-20 BACCB 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.2 分，满分 37.5 分） 【答案】21-23 DBB 【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了 4 所特别的酒店。 21．细节理解题。由 Giraffe Manor(Kenya)所在的第二句“The hotel is most well-known for its Rothschild giraffes.”可知，这个酒店最出名的是它的罗斯柴尔德长颈鹿。由此可知，在 Giraffe Manor 里最吸引顾客的是长颈鹿。结合选项可知，选项 D 正确。 22．细节理解题。由 Free Spirit Spheres (British Columbia)所在的最后一句“It is so popular that you may have to book it three months to a year in advance.”可知，它是如此的受欢迎，以至于 你需要提前 3 个月到一年预定它。由此可见，Free Spirit Spheres 是需要你提前预定的。结合选 项可知，选项 B 正确。 23．细节理解题。由全文可知，Giraffe Manor 是世界上唯一一个人们可以近距离和长颈 鹿亲密接触的地方。这个位于瑞典遥远村庄的酒店是现存第一个冰旅馆。Free Spirit Spheres 的目的是为了给人们提供一个可以居住在自然森林环境里，享受特殊经历的地方。这个礁石 因为它丰富的海洋野生动物而出名，顾客可以体验这份由遥远岛屿提供的和谐和安静。由此 可见，这些酒店的共同之处是它们都提供令人惊讶的体验。结合选项可知，选项 B 正确。 【答案】24-27 DCAB 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过讲述作者发明无袋吸尘器的经历，揭示了“失败为成 功之母”的道理。 24．细节理解题。根据文章第一段末尾句内容“I hated changing the vacuum cleaner (真空吸 尘器) bag and picking up things the machine did not suck up. Twenty years later, in 1978, with this lifelong dislike of the way the machine worked, I decided to make a bagless one.”我讨厌换真空吸 尘器的袋子，讨厌把吸尘器吸不进去的东西捡起来。二十年后，也就是 1978 年，我对这台机 器的工作方式一直很反感，于是决定做一台无袋的。可知，对于真空吸尘器的反感导致了作 者研制一种无袋吸尘器。故选 D 项。 25．主旨大意题。通读文章第二段内容，可知其段落结构为总分总结构，首句内容“Easier said than done, of course.”和末尾句内容“These were tough times, but each failure brought me closer to solving the problem.”点明本段主旨要义，即作者发明无袋吸尘器过程中遇到的一些困 难。故选 C 项。 26．细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“The major vacuum makers had built a business model based on the profits from bags and filters. No one would license my idea, not because it was a bad one, but because it was bad for business”可知，没人会认可作者的想法是因为真空吸尘器的包装 袋和过滤器能够给商家带来盈利，而作者发明的无袋吸尘器会使商家失去原有的能够带来盈 利的部分，因此商家担心其不能带来盈利反而可能会导致损失。故选 A 项。 27．推理判断题。作者在文章末尾点明主旨，揭示道理：Today, I still embrace risk and the potential for failure as part of the process. Nothing beats the excitement of invention.可知，作者的 “无袋吸尘器”发明经历使他明白了风险和失败在发明过程中是可能存在的。故选 B 项。 【答案】28-31 CADB 【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了学生债务成全球性问题，各国都在寻求解决方案。 28．推理判断题。由第一段可知，在美国，2019 年全国学生债务总额达到了创纪录的 1.6 万亿美元。平均每个学生的助学贷款在 2 万到 2.5 万美元之间。日本政府最近的一份报告说， 自 2010 年以来，日本每年向学生发放的贷款已经超过 90 亿美元。非洲和南美洲也存在类似 的情况。所以判断出作者通过展示一些统计数据介绍学生贷款的问题。故选 C 项。 29．细节理解题。由倒数第三段“They found that, overall, sudden debt relief greatly improved the borrowers' lives. Not only did they have more money, but they were more likely to move to a new area and seek better paying work.”可知，他们发现，总的来说，突然的债务减免极大地改善 了借款人的生活。他们不仅有更多的钱，而且更有可能搬到一个新的地区，寻找更高收入的 工作。所以债务减免肯定会给借款人带来一些好处。故选 A 项。 30．推理判断题。根据第四段中 They found that, overall, sudden debt relief greatly improved the borrowers' lives. Not only did they have more money, but they were more likely to move to a new area and seek better paying work.可知，教授们认为免除学生债务是有好处的，这大大改善 借款人的生活，他们不仅有更多的钱，而且更有可能搬到一个新的地区，寻找薪水更高的工 作。再根据第五段中 Yet the professors’ research doesn’t include what might happen to financial institutions or the overall economy if debt were totally forgiven. It only looks at how debt forgiveness would help the borrowers. They warn of some other possible negative effects.可知，他们 的研究不包括如果完全免除债务，金融机构或整个经济可能会发生什么。它只着眼于债务免 除将如何帮助借款人。他们警告说，还有其他一些可能的负面影响。由此判断出，教授们对 债务免除的态度是谨慎的。故选 D 项。 31．主旨大意题。由第一段“Student loan (贷款) debt has become a worldwide problem.”学生 贷款债务已经成为一个世界性的问题。由第三段“To solve the problem, many countries are seeking their ways.”为了解决这个问题，许多国家都在寻找解决方案。所以短文主要是关于不 断增长的全球学生债务促使各国寻找解决方案。故选 B 项。 【答案】32-35 ACDA 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了蚊子追踪人们的嗅觉和体味，人的皮肤会产生很多不 同的物质，而不同的蚊子对皮肤的不同物质反应不同。 32 ． 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 二 段 的 One of the most important facts to remember is that mosquitoes track people down by smell and body odour(气味), according to Bart Knols, PhD, a biologist devoted to the study of mosquitoes. 据专门研究蚊子的生物学家 Bart Knols 博士说，要 记住的最重要的事实之一是蚊子通过气味和体味来追踪人。可知，蚊子可以通过气味探测人。 故选 A。 33．推理判断题。根据第三段的 The specific mixtures on the skin that mosquitoes respond to vary by species. 蚊子对皮肤上的特定混合物有反应，这种混合物因物种而异。可知，下文列举 黄热病蚊子和 亚洲虎蚊及非洲疟疾蚊子是为了表明不同的蚊子对不同的混合物反应不同。故选 C。 34．细节理解题。根据第三段的 Knols says. “So it is not actually we that attract mosquitoes, but the bacteria on our skin.”Knols 说。“所以实际上吸引蚊子的不是我们自己，而是我们皮肤上 的细菌。”可知，吸引蚊子的是皮肤上的细菌。故选 D。 35．主旨大意题。文章介绍了蚊子追踪人们的嗅觉和体味，人的皮肤会产生很多不同的 物质，而不同的蚊子对皮肤的不同物质反应不同。我们之所以吸引蚊子是因为我们皮肤上的 细菌。因此，选项 A“你吸引蚊子的科学原因”是本文的最佳标题。故选 A。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 【答案】36-40 GBEFD 【解析】这是一篇说明文。研究早上发现被音乐闹钟吵醒的人感觉更加清醒和警觉，音乐会 使你在早晨摆脱困倦的感觉。文章介绍了研究结果，以及对什么样的音乐更适合起床进行了 一些说明。 36．根据上文 If you set an alarm on your phone or clock that sounds like this: beep beep beep? 可知如果你在你的手机或闹钟上设置一个这样的声音：哔哔哔？由此可知，本句承接上文说 明，设置“哔哔哔”闹钟的结果是，这种刺耳的、不愉快的声音可能会使你在早晨更难摆脱困倦 的感觉。故 G 选项“这种刺耳的、不愉快的声音可能会使你在早晨更难摆脱困倦的感觉”最符 合语境。故选 G。 37．根据后文 A recent study says yes. The answer is music.可知最近的一项研究给出了肯定 的答案。答案是音乐。由此可知，本句是提问有没有更好的办法来叫醒自己起床，后文则给 出回答：那就是音乐。故 B 选项“那么, 有没有更好的方法来达到这个目的呢？”符合语境，故 选 B。 38．根据上文 The study, carried out by researchers in Australia, involved 50 people. The study subjects answered questions about the alarm sound they like to wake up to, how they feel about that sound and how they feel when they wake up.可知这项研究由澳大利亚的研究人员进行，共有 50 人参与。研究对象回答了以下问题：他们希望醒来时听到的闹钟声音，他们对这个声音的感 觉，以及他们醒来时的感觉。由此可知，本句应当是说明这项研究的结果。故 E 选项“研究人 员发现被音乐闹钟吵醒的人感觉更加清醒和警觉”符合语境。故选 E。 39．结合上文 The researchers think the music may be more successful in reducing grogginess because it has several tones, compared to the single tone of a "beeping" alarm.可知研究人员认为， 与“哔哔”闹钟的单一音调相比，音乐有好几个音调，因此可能更能有效地减少昏昏沉沉的感觉。 由此可知，本句承接上文，说明音乐音调变化的好处是有助于提高一个人从睡梦中醒来时的 注意力。故 F 选项“随着时间的推移, 音乐音调之间的变化可能有助于提高一个人从睡梦中醒 来时的注意力”最符合语境，故选 F。 40．根据上文 And is there a kind of music that is best to wake up to? 可知那有没有一种音乐 是最适合起床的呢？由此可知，本句回答上文的关于最适合起床音乐的问题。故 D 选项“闹铃 声音是完整的调子，易于哼唱或唱歌可能是一个好的选择”最符合语境。故选 D。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 【答案】41-45 ABCAA 46-50 CDACB 51-55 CDDBD 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在风雪交加的一天开车回家，12 英里的路线 让作者在陡峭的山上上下颠簸，车辆在冰雪覆盖的路面上出现了问题，一个好心人帮助了作 者，使得作者认为好心人就像天使一样。 41．考查动词词义辨析。根据前文“Ice and snow were beating the window and the wind almost swept everything away outside.( 冰雪拍打着窗户，风几乎把外面的一切都吹走了。)”可知，户 外环境很恶劣，作者认为“回家”成为了一个问题，不知道该怎么办。故选 A 项。 42．考查形容词词义辨析。根据前文“steep hills”可知山坡很陡峭，因此会有急转弯（sharp turns）。故选 B 项。 43．考查名词词义辨析。根据前文“Ice and snow were beating the window and the wind almost swept everything away outside.”“ The 12-mile route took me up and down steep hills and around _______ turns.”可知，天气状况恶劣，路况恶劣，因此可知作者希望能够“安全”到家。故选 C 项。 44．考查形容词词义辨析。根据前文“Ice and snow were beating the window and the wind almost swept everything away outside.”可知，冰雪拍打着窗户，风几乎把外面的一切都吹走了， 在这样的天气下，道路应是结冰了。故选 A 项。 45．考查连词词义辨析。分析可知，本句“as I climbed one of the steepest and scariest hills, I noticed the tires were slipping(当我爬上一座最陡峭、最可怕的山时，我注意到轮胎在打滑)”与 前文“My old green Blazer SUV was doing wonderfully over the ________ roadway.( 我那辆绿色 开拓者越野车在冰雪覆盖的路面上行驶得很好。)”为转折关系。故选 A 项。 46．考查动词词义辨析。根据前文“as I climbed one of the steepest and scariest hills, I noticed the tires were slipping(当我爬上一座最陡峭、最可怕的山时，我注意到轮胎在打滑)”可知，轮胎 开始打滑，作为司机，作者应是采取措施避免打滑，开启四轮驱动。switch to，“切换到；转 到；转变成”，符合语境表达。故选 C 项。 47．考查动词词组辨析。根据前文“as I climbed one of the steepest and scariest hills, I noticed the tires were slipping, and I decided it was time to ____ __ to four-wheel drive.”可知作者注意到 轮胎在打滑，开启了四轮驱动，因此可知，汽车不再打滑，车轮贴在地面上了。故选 D 项。 48．考查介词词义辨析。come into sight，固定结构，意为“出现在眼前，可以望见”。故 选 A 项。 49．考查名词词义辨析。根据后文“I pushed and pulled the lever—nothing happened.( 我推 了一下然后又拉了控制杆——什么也没发生。)”可知，作者推拉控制杆应该是因为车停了下来。 故选 C 项。 50．考查动词词义辨析。根据前文背景句“Ice and snow were beating the window and the wind almost swept everything away outside. ”以及“I had just made it when the _______ stopped.”可知， 雪下的很大，风也很强烈，且作者的车行不不了了，应是卡住了。be stuck with，“无法摆脱； 陷在”。故选 B 项。 51．考查名词词义辨析。结合句子“Even though I had met no one on this lonely road, I hoped someone might come to ______.”句意可知，作者希望在这条孤单的路上能有人出现帮忙。故选 C 项。 52．考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“an old pickup truck”可知，作者应是看到了一辆小货车。 故选 D 项。 53．考查名词词义辨析。结合句子“Then he showed me how to operate the four-wheel-drive shifting gear, locking it into______”可知，这个年轻人教给作者如何操作四轮驱动换挡装置，且， 需要将其锁住在恰当的位置。故选 D 项。 54．考查固定短语辨析。根据前文“Then he showed me how to operate the four-wheel-drive shifting gear, locking it into______”可知，这个年轻人教给作者如何操作四轮驱动换挡装置以及 如何锁住到恰当的位置，因此作者的车又可以发动起来了，B 项“in no time”可表达作者当时的 急切且激动的心情。故选 B 项。 55．考查动词词义辨析。结合句子：When I thanked the stranger and asked if he lived around the area, he just said, “Oh, over there.”Do I believe in angels? (当我向陌生人道谢并问他是否住在 附近时，他只是说:“哦，在那边。”“我相信有天使吗?”)可知，作者认为帮助他的这个陌生人像 天使一样，因此本句应是非常肯定的回答。“You bet！”用在句子表达“当然；肯定地”含义，符 合语境和作者的心境。故选 D 项。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第二节（共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 【答案】 56．appeared 57．Combining 58．relatively 59．with 60．categories 61．twentieth 62．who 63．a 64．its 65．be performed 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了京剧是中国传统戏剧的一种形式，于 18 世纪末出 现在北京。它集音乐、歌曲、舞蹈和杂技于一身，生动活泼，色彩斑斓，与其他类型的中国 戏剧相比，它是一种相对较新的戏剧风格。文章介绍了京剧的发展历史和代表人物梅兰芳的 情况。 56．考查动词时态。根据后文 in the late 18th century.可知描述过去的事实应用一般过去时。 故填 appeared。 57．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知 combine 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主 语 it 构成主动关系，故用现在分词。句首字母要大写。故填 Combining。 58．考查副词。修饰后文形容词 new 应用副词 relatively，表示“相当地”。故填 relatively。 59．考查介词。句意：在京剧的早期，所有的演员都是男性，年轻的男孩扮演女性的角 色。此处表伴随应用介词 with。这是 with 的复合结构。故填 with。 60．考查名词的数。category 为可数名词，由 two 修饰应用复数形式。故填 categories。 61．考查序数词。句意：在 20 世纪上半叶，最著名的京剧演员是梅兰芳，她在京剧的普 及和中国戏剧向西方的介绍中发挥了关键作用。结合句意表示“20 世纪”短语为 the twentieth century，应用序数词。故填 twentieth。 62．考查非限定性定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词 Mei Lanfang，且先行 词在从句中做主语，指人，故用关系代词 who。故填 who。 63．考查冠词。step 为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且 highly 为辅音音素开头 的单词。故填 a。 64．考查代词。修饰后文名词短语 ups and downs“起起伏伏”应用形容词性物主代词 its。 故填 its。 65．考查非谓语动词。根据短语 continue to do sth.可知应填不定式，且 perform 与 Peking Opera 构成被动，故应用 to be done 形式。故填 be performed。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分 15 分） A Significant Voluntary Activity Last weekend, our class attended a voluntary activity in a community senior center nearby. Some of us entertained the elderly by singing Nanyin and doing magic tricks. Others chatted with them. They were overjoyed for our coming and the senior center was full of laughter. Besides, we also taught them how to use smartphones in everyday life, such as showing the health QR code, calling a taxi and making an appointment with the doctor. They were impressed by the convenience technology brings. The activity is so meaningful that we all feel rewarded and determined to visit them regularly. 第二节 读后续写（满分 25 分） Obviously, a storm was on its way. Sarah saw something like a gray funnel moving in the distance. Tornado! In a flash, with a burst of thunder, rain poured down once again, beating heavily against the windows. The wind was roaring and many trees were uprooted. The storm lasted days, which made Sarah increasingly nervous. Cold and hungry, she regretted she had made no preparations for the terrible weather! Trapped at home, Sarah wondered how she could survive. Just then, she thought of the community helpline. She telephoned to state her difficulties. An hour later, Sarah heard a knock at the door and in came the community workers with food and necessities. She was really grateful for their timely help. It is the true kindness and love in the community that helped her survive the terrible weather.