2021届全国1卷高三英语3月第二次模拟考试卷（三）（Word版附答案）

2020-2021 学年高三第二次模拟考试卷 英 语 （三） 注意事项： 1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码 粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑， 写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿 纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 略 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题 卡上将该项涂黑。 A American History Museum Power Machinery Reopens May 29, 2016 — Permanent Location: 1st Floor, East Wing By the late 19th century, America’s Industrial Revolution was moving hill steam ahead. This hall follows the development of the increasingly efficient power machinery that helped the United States become a world leader in industrial production during this time. Portrait Gallery Lincoln’s Contemporaries May 13, 2016-May 12, 2019 Location: 1st Floor, North Wing, Meserve Corridor This exhibition features Mathew Brady’s portraits of twenty famous persons — from showman P.T. Barium and inventor Samuel Morse to musician Teresa Carreon and clergyman Henry Ward Beecher — who reflect the diversity of American intellectual and cultural life during Lincoln’s presidency. Smithsonian Design Museum Energizing the Everyday: Gifts from the George R. Kravis II Collection April 28, 2016 — March 12, 2017 Location: 2nd Floor Energizing the Everyday celebrates the exceptional gifts from leading collector George R. Kravis II to Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum. From radios to furniture, the exhibition displays some of the most influential objects in the history of modernism, alongside some works drawn from the museum’s collection. 21. Where will you go if you are interested in machine producing? A. American History Museum. B. American Art Museum. C. Portrait Gallery. D. Smithsonian Design Museum. 22. What can you see at Portrait Gallery? A. A lot of ancient furniture. B. Important American inventions. C. Portraits of some celebrities. D. The gifts of Lincoln’s presidency. 23. Who gave special gifts to Smithsonian Design Museum? A. Martin Puryear. B. Mathew Brady. C. Cooper Hewitt. D. George R. Kravis II. B Some people collect stamps. Other people collect works of art or musical instruments. But a man in the American state of Maryland collects secrets. For the past 10 years, people have been sending Frank Warren postcards and other objects with secrets written on them. He now has a million secrets. “It’s a drawing of a lift. And the secret says, ‘I feel guilty(感 到内疚的) when I take lifts for one floor, so I limp(跛行) when I get out.’” Frank said. About ten years ago, Mr. Warren created an art project called PostSecret. People then began to send him postcards, other objects and emails telling their secrets. Every Sunday, he chooses 10 secrets and puts them on the website. Mr. Warren says he created PostSecret so people could share their secrets in a safe place. “I was struggling with secrets in my own life. And it was by creating this safe place where others could share their secrets with me, I think that space was something I needed just as much as they did.” He has published six books full of the secrets people have shared with him. One secret in each book is 此 卷 只 装 订 不 密 封 班 级 姓 名 准 考 证 号 考 场 号 座 位 号 此 卷 只 装 订 不 密 封 班 级 姓 名 准 考 证 号 考 场 号 座 位 号 his. Eric Perry delivers mail for the U.S. Postal Service. He has brought thousands of secrets to Frank’s home over the past three years. “I have a couple of the books that Frank’s given me and I’ve read them all and my family has read them all and it’s wild!” The project itself was once one of Frank’s secrets. His wife Jan didn’t know exactly what he was doing until the first book was published. The publisher told him that the address was going to be on the book, and he refused. However, the address was there just because of the contract between them. Actually Warren wasn’t very happy about that. 24. What did Mr. Warren’s words mean in Paragraph 2? A. The person was guilty about using an elevator for one floor. B. Americans are not allowed to use an elevator for one floor. C. The person felt sad when pretending to be a disabled one. D. He has received different secrets about using an elevator. 25. Mr. Warren created PostSecret in order to ________. A. satisfy his curiosity(好奇心) about others’ secrets B. collect more materials for his series of books C. offer a safe place for people to share their secrets D. earn a lot of money by sharing others’ secrets online 26. What do we know about Eric Perry from the passage? A. His family are eager to collect the books written by Frank. B. His main job is to post mail and postcards for Frank. C. He is a postman who has a great many secrets. D. He has developed a good relationship with Frank. 27. What is the best title of this passage? A. The Achievement of a Strange Man B. The Man Who Collects Secrets C. The Creation of PostSecret D. A Place to Share Your Secrets C A team from Northwestern University has developed a soft, skin-interfaced sensor that can analyze the molecular(分子的) composition of sweat for things like cortisol, blood sugar, and vitamin C, sending the data to the wearer’s smartphone. This data, the researchers hope, will allow people to better control their stress levels throughout the day. Cortisol, also called the stress hormone, can be measured in a person’s sweat. Released from the adrenal glands(肾上腺 ) under periods of physical and mental stress, it can be a powerful performance enhancer — increasing energy production and glucose(葡萄糖) availability for the muscles during a “fight or flight” situation, for instance being attacked by a lion. However, cortisol can also be released because of modern stressors such as money problems, issues at work, and other day-to-day worries that if built up over time, create the chronic anxiety and can lead to an increased risk for diabetes, depression, high blood pressure and obesity. When someone wears the chip sweats, the liquid runs through small channels into a series of chemical test sensors that look for different biological signals which could suggest a rise in cortisol. Previous attempts in years past at creating devices like this were limited by the need to take sweat samples to laboratories for analysis, removing any ability for the individual to act on the data in a way that might prevent buildup of stressful feelings, or even an anxiety attack. Such a device could be paramount in helping people relieve depressive or stressful feelings(not least because exercising hard enough to cause sweating helps with anxiety on its own). Furthermore, the percent of the population of American adults with regular feelings of worry, nervousness, or anxiety is around 11.2%, while there are nearly 60 million doctors’ visits where mental or behavioral health is the chief concern. Putting power into patients’ hands — in the form of a detailed diagnosis of cortisol levels, could help significantly to lower those numbers. 28. What’s the function of the newly developed sensor? A. To examine the component of sweat. B. To show when one lacks vitamin. C. To connect wearable devices to smartphones. D. To control people’s stress levels the whole day. 29. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. What may create the profile of chronic anxiety. B. What may cause the release of the stress hormone. C. How cortisol can enhance one’s energy production. D. How cortisol can be measured in a person’s sweat. 30. Which of the following can replace the underlined word? A. Significant. B. Useless. C. Accessible. D. Weak. 31. Where is this text most likely from? A. A product review. B. A guidebook. C. A magazine. D. A science fiction. D A calorie deficit is a state in which you burn more calories than you consume. As one of the most popular approaches of losing weight, how does it work? For example, if you burn 2,500 calories per day but only eat 2,000, you have created a deficit of 500 calories per day. There is mathematical certainty. But this by no means tells the whole story about how calories deficit affects our lives. Before wondering what a calorie deficit is, it’s probably best to learn what a calorie is. A calorie is a unit that we use to track our body’s energy expenditure(消耗) and storage. In order to just stay alive, human beings(and animals) burn calories. This means, even before we perform any activity, our bodies are already using energy(measured in calories) to keep us alive. Around 70% of the calories we consume are spent on just keeping our vital organs running. Thus, if a person consumes calories far more less than needed to look thin, it may have negative effects on the body. When people pick up a calorie deficit, they often merely note that the calorie math is irrefutable(无可 辩驳的). The question here is that not all calories are the same. If you eat a few bags of potato chip worth of calories to support the calorie intake needed to maintain or cut down on your weight, it will work. But this doesn’t have the same effect on your body and overall health as a balanced nutritional meal containing the same amount of calories. It seems like a simple unit of energy has become an object of our society’s obsession. It needn’t be that way. Remember, calorie deficits are just a tool, which serves a purpose in losing some weight and keeping track of your calorie intake seems simple enough. 32. What do we know about the calorie deficit? A. It helps people lose weight. B. It is a way of doing exercises. C. It affects people’s lives positively. D. It means the calories people consume. 33. Which of the following statements can be learned in Paragraph 2? A. A calorie is a unit to store daily energy. B. People need to burn calories to be alive. C. Calorie intake is to keep our organs operating. D. Living animals only burn calories after activities. 34. What is suggested for people to lose weight healthily? A. Focusing on the calorie math when eating. B. Focusing on different calories when eating. C. Having bags of potato chips containing enough calories. D. Having balanced nutritional diets containing proper calories. 35. What is the text mainly about? A. Influences of calorie deficits. B. Approaches to lose weight. C. Distinctions between calories. D. Ways to track calorie intake. 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There was a time when I was very concerned about what other people thought of me, especially when I was misunderstood and labeled incorrectly. 36 Of course, you need to do something to let go of that mental suffering if you are stuck in such a similar situation. ● Identify and understand why you care. What makes what other people think of you so important? If other people’s opinions cause you to worry, chances are that you have a tendency to be pleased. Being favored might be a winning formula for you in the past. 37 But if it doesn’t come as expected, just be yourself. ● Understand you can’t control others. The reality is that you cannot control what another person thinks of you. What most people don’t understand is that we often form opinions of others based on associations we had in the past. And the bottom line is that it’s none of your business what another person thinks of you. 38 ● Practice daily self-love and acceptance. Your situation may come from a concept that we are not as worthy as another person and our needs are not as important as theirs. Recognize you are equal to every other person. 39 We all have different roles but that does not make anyone more valuable as a human being. ● Live a life that pleases you. Constant worry about what others think of you must create considerable stress and will impact your relationships, your health, and your peace of mind. ● 40 You will not need to be concerned with the few people who just don’t seem to understand you. You can live your fulfilling life and they can live theirs. A. That’s his or her private views. B. Don’t take your role to your heart. C. Everyone deserves respect and admiration. D. Stay true to your values and do your own thing. E. That’s to say, there is no one above or below you. F. Certainly, there are advantages to having someone’s high regard. G. Caring too much about their views was energy-consuming and unnecessary. 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空 白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 It was a sunny Friday afternoon. I, however, was 41 sitting in the mentor’s office, staring at the spreadsheet(电子数据表) on which we had 42 our goals for the week. I shaded my cells red; I had not been able to 43 any of them. My mentor, Tristan, gave me a reassuring smile, reminding me not to 44 myself too much. “It’s OK to be 45 , but make sure your three weekly goals are workable and measurable,” he 46 . Halfway through my grad school, I was 47 with a sea of experimental failures and lost without the structure I was 48 to as an undergrad. When my mentor Tristan saw that I was struggling, he suggested an 49 from his experience in a sport, which is called Three to Thrive(T2T), referring to three goals set each week to help 50 progress. We set up a shared spreadsheet where we would plan our goals, which can be 51 and academic. At the end of the week, we would meet and 52 our progress in the “Friday Finish”. Then we realized the 53 themselves were the problem. It was 54 for me to see where I wanted to be in one year, or five, but I had a hard time figuring out what weekly 55 would get me there. 56 , I was setting goals too high to achieve in a week. Since then, Tristan has helped me learn to 57 my big-picture goals into smaller tasks that are challenging but 58 . With T2T, I have been able to regain some 59 of my life. T2T has also helped Tristan and me develop a much more honest and 60 mentor-mentee relationship, connecting on everything from professional techniques to tips for not eating too much ice cream. 41. A. curiously B. hopefully C. unhappily D. sleepily 42. A. outlined B. reached C. uplifted D. overlooked 43. A. enjoy B. complete C. recognize D. remember 44. A. praise B. tease C. blame D. sacrifice 45. A. ambitious B. talkative C. sensitive D. optimistic 46. A. declared B. evaluated C. recommended D. discovered 47. A. impressed B. overcome C. trained D. equipped 48. A. opposed B. grateful C. accustomed D. equal 49. A. experiment B. attitude C. association D. approach 50. A. form B. guide C. list D. share 51. A. personal B. athletic C. traditional D. scientific 52. A. imagine B. introduce C. postpone D. discuss 53. A. goals B. records C. rules D. games 54. A. fair B. lucky C. easy D. rare 55. A. tests B. steps C. information D. help 56. A. By the way B. All of a sudden C. On the contrary D. As a result 57. A. break up B. turn down C. put aside D. make out 58. A. flexible B. changeable C. practical D. official 59. A. facts B. control C. questions D. dignity 60. A. primitive B. standard C. potential D. authentic 第二节（共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Beijing Opera, 61 (know) as China’s national opera, also called Peking Opera, which originated in the late 18th century, is a combination of music, dance, art and acrobatics(杂技). It is the most influential and representative of all operas in China. It is called Beijing Opera because it is formed in Beijing. Beijing Opera has 62 history of 200 years and its origin can date back to old local operas, especially Anhui Opera, 63 was very popular in northern China in the 18th century. In 1790, the first Anhui Opera performance 64 (hold) in Beijing to celebrate the Emperor’s birthday. Later, some other Anhui Opera troupes(班子) 65 (continue) performing in Beijing. Anhui Opera was easy 66 (move) and good at absorbing the acting styles of other types of operas. Beijing accumulated many local operas, 67 (make) Anhui Opera improve quickly. 68 the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, after the marriage for 10 years, Beijing Opera finally formed, and became the 69 (big) of all operas in China. We can 70 (honest) say that Beijing Opera is the most important opera in China. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（满分 10 分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处 语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 John went shopping in a store, and he forgot to bring a bag. So he buys a shopping bag. After arriving home, it occurred him that he could make a bag by using his old trousers. Several hours late, he made himself a very nice bag. His mother was amazing at what he had done. Avoiding spending money unnecessarily is a way of saving. And making a good use of things is an approach to protect the environment. What’s more, it is helpful for you to improve the ability to make thing by hand. It not only brings us pleasure but reduce waste around us. 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 学校英语社团即将举办一年一度的中国诗词翻译大赛。假定你是社团主席李华，请你写一个活 动通知，内容包括： 1.介绍比赛安排； 2.参加比赛的好处； 3.欢迎所有学生参加。 注意：1.词数 100 左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Date: June 21, 2021 Notice The English Club 2020-2021 学年高三第二次模拟考试卷 英 语 （三）答案 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 略 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） A 【答案】21-23 ACD 【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三个可供游客参观的博物馆和画廊，包括它们的开放 时间、位置和展览内容等。 21.细节理解题。根据 American History Museum 部分关键句“This hall follows the development of the increasingly efficient power machinery that helped the United States become a world leader in industrial production during this time.”可知，如果你对机器生产感兴趣，你可以 去参观 American History Museum。故选 A 项。 22.细节理解题。根据 Portrait Gallery 部分可知本次展览展出了马修·布雷迪对二十位名 人的肖像画，从演艺家P.T. Barium和发明家Samuel Morse到音乐家Teresa Carreon和牧师Henry Ward Beecher，他们反映了林肯总统时期美国知识和文化生活的多样性。因此在 Portrait Gallery，你能看到一些名人的肖像画。故选 C 项。 23.细节理解题。根据 Smithsonian Design Museum 部分关键句“Energizing the Everyday celebrates the exceptional gifts from leading collector George R. Kravis II to Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum.”可知，著名收藏家 George R. Kravis II 给了 Smithsonian Design Museum 特别的礼物。故选 D 项。 B 【答案】24-27 ACDB 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了 Frank Warren 创建了 PostSecret，从世界各地收集 秘密并将其出版的故事。 24.细节理解题。从第二段 Frank Warren 所说的话可知，有人曾告诉他这个秘密：因上、 下一层楼而使用电梯，心里感到羞愧，因此这个人是假装跛脚走出电梯。故选 A 项。 25.细节理解题。从第四段中的“Mr. Warren says he created PostSecret so people could share their secrets in a safe place.”可知，Frank Warren 创建 Postsecret 的目的是让人们可以在安全的 地方分享他们的秘密。故选 C 项。 26.推理判断题。从第五段的内容可知，Eric Perry 是邮递员，三年里他给 Frank Warren 送 了成千上万个秘密，并且 Frank Warren 送给了他几本书，由此可推知他们的关系很好。故选 D。 27.主旨大意题。本文主要讲了 Frank Warren 创建了一个叫 PostSecret 的项目，收集世界各 地人们的秘密并将其出版的故事，故 B 项最适合用作文章标题。 C 【答案】28-31 ABAC 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西北大学的一个研究小组开发了一种柔软的皮 肤接口传感器，可以分析汗液中皮质醇、血糖和维生素 C 等物质的分子组成，并将数据发送 到佩戴者的智能手机。研究人员希望，这些数据能让人们更好地控制一整天的压力水平。 28.细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知西北大学的一个研究小组开发了一种柔软的皮肤接 口传感器，可以分析汗液中皮质醇、血糖和维生素 C 等物质的分子组成，并将数据发送到佩 戴者的智能手机。因此，这种新的传感器可以检测汗液的成分。故选 A 项。 29.主旨大意题。根据第二段内容可知，皮质醇也被称为应激激素，可以在一个人的汗液 中测量。在生理和心理压力下它会从肾上腺释放出来，是一种强大的性能增强剂，在“战斗 或逃跑”的情况下，例如被狮子攻击时，可以增加肌肉的能量生产和葡萄糖供应。然而，皮 质醇也可以因为现代压力源，如金钱问题、工作问题和其他日常忧虑而被释放出来。如果持 续一段时间，它会造成人的慢性焦虑，并可能导致糖尿病、抑郁症、高血压和肥胖的风险增 加。因此本段内容主要介绍了什么会导致应激激素的释放，故选 B 项。 30.词义猜测题。根据第五段词义猜测部分内容可知这种装置在帮助人们缓解抑郁或紧张 情绪方面可能是 paramount 的（尤其是因为锻炼到足以导致出汗的程度有助于缓解焦虑）可知， 这种装置的作用是正向的、积极的，有助于帮助人们缓解抑郁或紧张的情绪。A 选项：至关重 要的；B 选项：无用的；C 选项：可接近的，可用的；D 选项：虚弱的，可知只有 A 项符合 语境，故选 A 项。 31.推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，本文主要是介绍了一种新研发的可以检查汗液成 分，从而让人们可以更好地控制压力水平的皮肤接口传感器，结合全文内容对此传感器的详 细说明以及运用它将带来的好处可推知，本文属于科普类文章，应出自杂志，故选 C 项。 D 【答案】32-35 ABDA 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了卡路里的定义以及告诉我们不能仅仅看卡路里的数 值，不能对于这样的能量单位太过痴迷。 32.细节理解题。根据第一段内容“A calorie deficit is a state in which you burn more calories than you consume. As one of the most popular approaches of losing weight”可知，卡路里不足可 以减肥。故选 A 项。 33.细节理解题。根据第二段“In order to just stay alive, human beings(and animals) burn calories.”（为了生存，人类和动物需要燃烧卡路里。）可知，人需要燃烧卡路里才能活着。故 选 B 项。 34.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，如果你吃了几袋薯片所含的热量来支持你维 持体重或减少体重所需要的热量摄入，它会起作用的。但是，它对你的身体和整体健康的影 响并不像含有相同热量的均衡营养餐那样大。因此，作者建议通过含有适当的热量而营养均 衡的饮食来减肥。故选 D 项。 35.主旨大意题。根据第一段“But this by no means tells the whole story about how calories deficit affects our lives.”（但是，这并不能说明卡路里不足给我们的生活带来的影响。）及全文 内容可知，本文主要讲述了卡路里不足带来的影响。故选 A 项。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 【答案】36-40 GFAED 【解析】本文是说明文。我们经常被别人误解，对于这种情况我们应该做些什么来释放精神 痛苦呢？文章对此给出了几点建议。 36.下文提示：当然，如果你陷入类似情况时，需要做一些事情来释放精神痛苦。因此空 格处是说：过分关注他人的想法极其耗精力，很不必要。故选 G。 37.下文“But if it doesn’t come as expected, just be yourself.”说明事与愿违，表转折，说明 此空应填好的事情，F 项（当然，有人高度认可你是有好处的。）符合语境，Certainly 说明与 上文“Being favored might be a winning formula for you in the past.”一致，故选 F。 38.根据本段首句“Understand you can’t control others.”可知你不能控制别人，而空前一句 则说别人对你的看法与你无关，可知那是他或她的个人观点，故选 A。 39.上文提示：要认识到你与别人是平等的。E 项（也就是说，没有人比你好或者比你差。） 与此处语境相符，That’s to say 说明前后内容一致。故选 E。 40.此空为总领句，应为动词开头。下文提示：你不需要关心那些似乎不理解你的少数人。 可知此段是说：你应该坚持你的价值观，做你自己想做的事。故选 D。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 【答案】41-45 CABCA 46-50 CBDDB 51-55 ADACB 56-60 DACBD 【解析】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在导师的帮助下，运用导师的 Three to Thrive （T2T）方法，制定更切实可行的每周小目标，从而实现大目标。 41.考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我闷闷不乐地坐在导师的办公室，盯着电子数据表， 上面概述了我们本周的目标。A. curiously：好奇地；B. hopefully：满怀希望地；C. unhappily： 不高兴地；D. sleepily：困倦地，疲倦地。根据下文“I had not been able to 43 any of them.” 可知，作者制定的本星期的目标没有完成，因此他不开心。故选 C 项。 42.考查动词词义辨析。A. outlined：概述，略述，描画；B. reached：到达；C. uplifted： 提升；D. overlooked：忽视。数据表上是作者列出的本周要完成目标的大纲概要。故选 A 项。 43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把我的单元格涂成红色；我一项都没能完成。A. enjoy： 享受；B. complete：完成；C. recognize：认出；D. remember：记住。作者为自己设置的本周 目标并没有完成。故选 B 项。 44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的导师特里斯坦给了我一个安慰的微笑，提醒我不要太 责怪自己。A. praise：赞扬；B. tease：取笑；C. blame：责备；D. sacrifice：牺牲。作者制定的 本星期的目标没有完成感到很不开心，导师安慰作者不要太过责备自己。故选 C 项。 45.考查形容词词义辨析。A. ambitious：有抱负的；B. talkative：健谈的；C. sensitive：敏 感的；D. optimistic：乐观的。根据下文“I was setting goals too high to achieve”可知作者设置 的每周的目标很高，导师认为他有抱负这一方面是不错的。故选 A 项。 46.考查动词词义辨析。A. declared：宣布；B. evaluated：评估；C. recommended：建议； D. discovered：发现。此处是指导师给作者提出建议。故选 C 项。 47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的学习期间，我经历了无数次实验性的失败，因为没 有一个本科生能胜任的知识结构而感到很茫然。A. impressed：留下印象；B. overcome：克服， 战胜，受到……的极大影响；C. trained：训练；D. equipped：装备，具备。be overcome with： 受到……的极大影响，被……所压倒。故选 B 项。 48.考查形容词短语词义辨析。A. be opposed to：反对；B. be grateful to：对……感激；C. be accustomed to：习惯于；D. be equal to：等同于，能胜任的。因为不能完成每周的目标，作者 觉得自己的知识和能力不能胜任。故选 D 项。 49.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我的导师特里斯坦看到我在苦苦挣扎时，他给我建议了 他从自己的运动经验总结出的一种方法，这个方法被称为 T2T，指的是每周设定三个目标来帮 助指导进展。A. experiment：实验； B. attitude：态度；C. association：联想，联系；D. approach： 方法。根据 Three to Thrive(T2T)可知，导师是给作者建议一种方法。故选 D 项。 50.考查动词词义辨析。A. form：形成；B. guide：指导；C. list：列出；D. share：分享。 导师建议作者通过每周三个小目标，来引导自己一步一步地前进。故选 B 项。 51.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们建了一个共享的电子表格来计划我们的目标，这些 目标是根据个人制定的，也是理论上的。A. personal：个人的；B. athletic：运动的；C. traditional： 传统的；D. scientific：科学的。根据下文“I was setting goals too high to achieve in a week.”可 知选 A 项。 52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在周末的时候，我们会会面讨论周五完成的进度。A. imagine： 想象；B. introduce：介绍；C. postpone：推迟；D. discuss：讨论。根据“we would meet”可知， 他们是见面讨论。故选 D 项。 53.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我们意识到目标本身就是问题所在。A. goals：目标； B. records：记录；C. rules：规则；D. games：游戏。作者觉得自己设置的目标太高了，因此是 目标本身有问题。故选 A 项。 54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，看到自己在一年或五年的时间里想要达到的 目标很容易，但我却很难弄清楚每周要做到哪一步才能最终达到目标。A. fair：公平的；B. lucky：幸运的；C. easy：容易的；D. rare：罕见的，稀少的。前后意思转折，easy 和 had a hard time 相对应。故选 C 项。 55.考查名词词义辨析。A. tests：测试；B. steps：步骤，阶段；C. information：信息；D. help： 帮助。作者不清楚具体每周要做到哪一个阶段。故选 B 项。 56.考查短语辨析。句意：结果，我设定的目标太高了，在一周内无法完成。A. By the way： 顺便说一下；B. All of a sudden：突然；C. On the contrary：相反；D. As a result：结果。作者 不清楚具体每周的目标，因此设置的目标过高。As a result 表示因果关系。故选 D 项。 57.考查动词短语辨析。句意：从那以后，特里斯坦帮我学会了把大目标分解成小任务， 这些小任务既具有挑战性又很切合实际。A. break up：破裂，拆开，打散； B. turn down：拒 绝；C. put aside：搁置在一边；D. make out：理解。根据 my big-picture goals into smaller tasks 可知，此处是短语 break up...into：把……分解成。故选 A 项。 58.考查形容词词义辨析。A. flexible：灵活的；B. changeable：可改变的；C. practical：实 用的，实际的；D. official：正式的。根据上文 smaller tasks 可知，导师帮助作者制定的小任务 是在一周内可以做到的。故选 C 项。 59.考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了 T2T 这种方法，我能够重新掌控自己的生活。A. facts： 事实；B. control：控制；C. questions：问题；D. dignity：尊严。根据上文可知，原来作者制 定的目标一周内一个也完不成，现在作者能够完成那些小的任务。设置的目标是自己能够掌 控的。故选 B 项。 60.考查形容词词义辨析。A. primitive：原始的；B. standard：标准的；C. potential：潜在 的；D. authentic：真实的，可靠的。根据 much more honest 可知，他们之间的关系更可信。故 选 D 项。 第二节（共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 【答案】 61. known 62. a 63. which 64. was held 65. continued 66. to move 67. making 68. At 69. biggest 70. honestly 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了京剧的形成历史。 61.考查过去分词。句意：京剧，被誉为中国国剧，又称 Peking Opera，起源于 18 世纪末， 是集音乐、舞蹈、艺术和杂技于一体的综合性剧目。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语 is 且无连 词，其它动词用非谓语形式，主语 Beijing Opera 和动词 know 是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分 词表被动，作状语。故填 known。 62.考查冠词。句意：京剧已有 200 多年的历史，它的起源可以追溯到古老的地方戏曲， 尤其是 18 世纪在中国北方非常流行的徽剧。此处泛指一段 200 多年的历史，history 以辅音音 素开头，用不定冠词 a 表泛指。故填 a。 63.考查非限制性定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是 Anhui Opera，指物，在 从句中作主语，用关系代词 which。故填 which。 64.考查时态和语态。句意：1790 年，第一次徽剧演出在北京举行，是为了庆祝皇帝诞辰。 由时间状语 In 1790 可知，时态是一般过去时，主语 the first Anhui Opera performance 和谓语 hold 是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态（was/were done），主语 the first Anhui Opera performance 是单数，谓语单数形式。故填 was held。 65.考查时态。句意：后来，其他一些徽剧班子继续在北京演出。此处缺乏谓语，由语境 和 Later 可知，事情发生在过去，时态用一般过去时。故填 continued。 66.考查动词不定式。句意：徽剧动静自如，善于吸收其他剧种的表演风格。固定搭配 be easy to do sth.：很容易做某事，用动词不定式。故填 to move。 67.考查现在分词。句意：北京积累了许多地方戏，使徽剧发展迅速。本句已有谓语 accumulated 且无连词，其它动词用非谓语形式，动词 make 的逻辑主语是前面的整个句子，它 们逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词（doing）表主动，作状语。故填 making。 68.考查固定搭配。句意：19 世纪末 20 世纪初，在和地方剧种结合了 10 年后，京剧最终 形成，成为中国最大的戏曲。固定搭配 at the end of...：在……的末尾，首字母大写。故填 At。 69.考查最高级。由 of all operas in China 可知，此处应用形容词最高级，the+形容词最高 级。故填 biggest。 70.考查副词。句意：我们可以承认，京剧是中国最重要的歌剧。此处用副词 honestly（诚 实地）作状语修饰动词 say。故填 honestly。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（满分 10 分） 【答案】 1.第一句，and 改为 but 2.第二句，buys 改为 bought 3.第三句，在 occurred 后加 to 4.第四句，late 改为 later 5.第五句，amazing 改为 amazed 6.第七句，删除 a 7.第七句，protect 改为 protecting 8.第八句，you 改为 us 9.第八句，thing 改为 things 10.第九句，reduce 改为 reduces 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。约翰用旧裤子为自己做包，这是一种环保行为，这不仅给我们 带来了乐趣，而且也减少了周围的垃圾。 1.考查并列连词。句意：约翰去商店买东西，但他忘了带购物袋。前后是转折关系，故把 and 改成 but。 2.考查时态。此处指过去的事情，所以用一般过去时，故把 buys 改成 bought。 3.考查固定句式。句意：到家后，他突然想到，他可以用他的旧裤子做一个袋子。固定句 式：It occurred to sb. that...，意为“某人突然想起……”。故在 occurred 后加 to。 4.考查副词。形容词 late，意为“迟的”；副词 later，意为“以后”，此处指几小时之后， 故把 late 改成 later。 5.考查形容词。形容词 amazing 意为“令人惊讶的”，表示事物的性质；形容词 amazed“感 到惊讶的”，表示人的感受，此处指他的妈妈感到惊讶，故把 amazing 改成 amazed。 6.考查固定词组。句意：善用资源是保护环境的方法。短语 make good use of，意为“充 分利用”，短语中不用冠词，故把 a 去掉。 7.考查固定搭配。固定短语 an approach to doing sth.表示“一种……的方法”，此处 to 是介 词，后面用动名词作宾语，故把 protect 改成 protecting。 8.考查人称代词。句意：另外，它有助于我们提高动手制作东西的能力。此处指对我们而 言，故 you 改成 us。 9.考查名词复数。thing 为可数名词，此处应用复数含义，故 thing 改为 things。 10.考查主谓一致。句子是一般现在时态，描述一个客观的事实，主语是 It，第三人称单 数形式，此处 bring 和 reduce 是并列关系。故把 reduce 改成 reduces。 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 【范文】 Date: June 21, 2021 Notice The annual translation competition on Chinese poetry is going to be held online from June 28 to 30 by our school’s English Club. Any student who would like to participate needs to email the translation to tranlslation-2021@yahoo.com, and attach a no-longer-than-3-minute video of performing the translation in a specially designed scene related to the poem. Then based on ten professional judges’ decision, there will be a first-prize winner, two second-prize and five third-prize. The awards are more than wonderful and appealing ， such as Kindles and gift cards of Xinhua Bookstore. All of you, including the overseas students, are welcome to join in the activity. Not only can the experience help you to gain a deeper understanding of Chinese culture and history, but it also gives you an opportunity to show how well you master both Chinese and English. So what are you waiting for? Just begin your translation. The English Club 本篇作文属于应用文，要求对学校即将举办的中国诗词翻译大赛写一个活动通知。 第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。 结构：总分法，指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 第二步：列提纲（重点词组/句型） participate；be based on；be welcome to；not only...but also... 第三步：连词成句 1. Then based on ten professional judges’ decision, there will be a first-prize winner, two second-prize and five third-prize. 2. All of you, including the overseas students, are welcome to join in the activity. 在进行造句的时候一定要注意时态和语态上面的问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） Then；not only...but also...，such as 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 第五步：修改润色 【名师点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯， 符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了不少高级句型，比如 who 引导的定语从句（Any student who would like to participate needs to email the translation to tranlslation-2021@yahoo.com, and attach a no-longer-than-3-minute video of performing the translation in a specially designed scene related to the poem.）。此外，合理的使用非谓语也让文章增色不少，比如：Then based on ten professional judges’ decision, there will be a first-prize winner, two second-prize and five third-prize. The awards are more than wonderful and appealing, such as Kindles and gift cards of Xinhua Bookstore.。文章 思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然。