人教版高考英语一轮复习必修1Unit4Earthquakes含答案完美

Unit 4　 Earthquakes Part Ⅰ 重点词汇通关 1. burst vi. (burst, burst) 爆裂; 爆发 n. 突然破裂; 爆发 【语境检测】单句语法填空 ①(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for whatever his family might need, he burst ____ tears. into ②With a burst __ laughter, Wang Xifeng burst ____ the room, whose flattering(谄媚的)words made Mrs Jia burst ____ joy. of into with 【写作提升】一句多译 不管什么时候回忆起这个有趣的故事, 我都会忍不住 笑起来。 ③Whenever I recall this funny story, I can’t help ___________________. ④No matter when I think of this funny story, I can’t help ___________________. bursting out laughing bursting into laughter 【考点必记】 (1)burst in　　　 突然闯进; 突然出现 burst into. . . 闯入…… burst out 突然迸发; 爆发 burst with joy 心花怒放 burst into laughter=burst out laughing 突然大笑起来 burst into tears=burst out crying 突然大哭起来 (2)a burst of 一阵…… a burst of laughter 一阵大笑 【误区释疑】 　　burst into与burst out都有“突然进入某种状态或发生某种情况”的意思, 但burst into后面接名词, burst out后面接动名词。 2. ruin n. [U]毁灭; 毁坏; 崩溃; [常用复数]废墟; 遗迹 vt. (使)毁坏; 毁灭; 成为废墟; 使破 产 【语境检测】单句语法填空 ①It rained continuously for about 3 hours on the way, completely _______(ruin) his appointment with the interviewer. ②(2016·北京高考)When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in _____. 世纪金榜导学号79060015 ruining ruins 【写作提升】一句多译 ③地震过后, 一个曾经那么美好的村庄被毁掉了。 After the earthquake, a village which was once so attractive _________/_________________. was ruined was brought to ruin 【考点必记】 (1)lie/be in ruins　　　 成为废墟 fall into ruin 毁灭; 毁坏 bring. . . to ruin 使……毁灭; 使……没落 come/go to ruin 毁灭; 落空 (2)ruin sth. /sb. 毁坏某物/某人 ruin one’s health/fame/future 毁掉某人的健康/名誉/前途 【易混辨析】“损坏”辨析 ruin 表示“毁灭, 毁坏”, 是指在一定过 程中逐渐对物体进行破坏, 使其毁灭。 也可用于指抽象意义 damage 表示“损害, 损坏”, 通常是指对物 体的部分损害, 往往暗示损坏后价值、 效率、功能可能降低, 但这种破坏具 有可修复性。也可用于指抽象意义。 可用作动词或名词, 作名词时与介词 to搭配, 如cause damage to destroy 表示“毁坏”, 通常指彻底毁掉或毁 灭, 其功能无法或难以修复。也可用 于损坏抽象的东西, 如名誉、计划、 契约等 3. injure vt. 损害; 伤害 【语境检测】单句语法填空 ①The injured in the accident _____(be) rushed to the hospital at that time. 世纪金榜导学号79060016 ②Kobe Bryant was substituted by another teammate in the last ten minutes after a knee ______(injure) and their team narrowly won the game in the end. were injury 【写作提升】单句写作 ③But now, because __________________________ ____________, I cannot go with you as planned. 但现在, 由于我的左脚在足球比赛中受伤了, 我不能像计划的那样和你一起去。 my left foot was injured in the football game 【考点必记】 (1)be/get injured 受伤 (2)injured adj. 受伤的; 受委屈的 the injured 伤者, 伤员 (3)injury n. 伤, 伤口, 伤害 do sb. an injury/do an injury to sb. 伤害某人 【易混辨析】“受伤”辨析 injure 多指意外事故造成的伤害, 也可指对 名誉、地位的损害 woun d 指人在战斗、攻击中受伤, 身体上出 现明显的伤口, 多指枪伤、刀伤、刺 伤等皮肉之伤 hurt 多指精神上受到伤害, 也可指身体上 的疼痛 harm 指身体或精神上的损害或对周围事物 的危害。意为“伤害, 损害, 有害于”。 常用短语do harm to“对……有害” 4. bury vt. 掩埋; 埋葬; 隐藏 【语境检测】单句语法填空 ①________(bury)herself in her study, Linda had little experience in handling boys. ②She buried her face __ her hands and wept when she heard the bad news. Burying in 【写作提升】完成句子 ③Because he ___________________________ his books, he didn’t know it was raining outside. 由于他埋头于书本, 所以他不知道外面下雨了。 buried himself in/was buried in 句式升级 ④_________________________, he didn’t know it was raining outside. (使用现在分词作 状语) ⑤_________________, he didn’t know it was raining outside. (使用过去分词作状语) Burying himself in his books Buried in his books 【考点必记】 (1)bury oneself in=be buried in　 埋头于; 专心于 (2)be buried in thought 沉思 bury one’s face in one’s hands 双手掩面 be buried alive 被活埋 【思维拓展】 　　表示“专心于, 致力于”的表达还有: be devoted to; be absorbed in; be lost in; be occupied with; focus/concentrate on; fix one’s attention on等。 Part Ⅱ 重点短语句式通关 5. at an end 结束; 终结 【语境检测】用end的短语填空 ①As soon as you hear it, you know the meeting is ________. at an end ②(2017·天津高考)By the way, I am now a volunteer for the 13th National Games, which will be held ___________August in Tianjin. ③Do be careful when driving on the highway, or you might ______in a car accident. at the end of end up 【写作提升】完成句子 ④(2017·江苏高考)A quick review of successes and failures _______________will help sharpen your year ahead. 在年末对成功与失败进行一个快速的回顾会有助于你在新的一年进一步磨砺自己。 at the end of year 【考点必记】 　 come to an end 完成; 结束 in the end 最后 at the end of 在……尽头(末) by the end of 到……末为止 (2)end up with 以……结束 end up doing 最终…… 6. All hope was not lost. 不是所有的希望都破灭了。 【语境检测】完成句子 ①He won the FIFA World Player of the Year award, though _______________seemed to agree. 他获得年度 最佳世界足球先生奖, 尽管似乎不是所有的球迷都同 意。 not all of the fans ②I agree with most of what you said, but I ________________________that you said. 世纪金榜导学号79060017 我同意你说的大部分内容, 但我并非同意你讲的一切。 don’t agree with everything ③Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but _____________________, because they have work to do. 拉里让比尔和彼得陪他去野餐, 但是他们两个都不想去, 因为他们有工作要做。 neither of them wants to 【考点必记】 (1)all, both, each, every, everybody, everything, complete, completely, always, whole, wholly, entirely, altogether等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定副词not连用, 构成部分否定, 表示“不是都; 并非都”。 (2)no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere, no more, no longer, no way等表达否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用, 构成“全部否定”。 【备选要点】 1. judge n. 裁判员; 法官 vt. 断定; 判断; 判决 【语境检测】单句语法填空 ①I’d prefer to reserve my _________(judge)until I find all the evidence. ②Judging _______ his happy look, he must have passed the driving test. judgment by/from 【写作提升】完成句子 ③__________________________, we can draw the conclusion _________________a book _______ its cover. 从上面的故事判断, 我们可以得出这样的结论: 不要以貌取人。 Judging from the above story that we don’t judge by/from 【考点必记】 (1)judging by/from　　　　 从……判断 judge sb. /sth. by/from 从……来判断某人/某物 as far as I can judge　　　　据我判断; 我认为 (2)judgment=(judgement) n. 裁决; 判定 make a judgment about 对……作出判断 【误区释疑】 　　judging from/by用在句首时, 为一个独立成分, 不受句子主语和时态的影响, 只用 现在分词形式作状语而不用过去分词形式。 2. express vt. 表示; 表达 n. 快车; 速递 【语境检测】用express的适当形式填空 ①(2016·天津高考)The art world gave me a chance _________myself without words. ②People won’t pay attention to you when they still have a lot of ideas of their own crying for _________. to express expression 【考点必记】 (1)express oneself　表达自己的意思、思想、感情等 (2)expression n. 表达, 表示; 表情 3. It seemed as if the world was at an end! 仿佛到了 世界末日! 【语境检测】单句语法填空 ①(2017·浙江高考)Paul looked out of the back window and saw the wolf standing over Mac’s bicycle as if it _____(be)a kill. ②It looks as if it __(be)not clean enough to swim here. were is 【写作提升】完成句子 ③Though the local villagers were poor, they offered their homes and food ________________________. 尽管当地居民贫苦, 但他们提供了家和食物, 好像我 是他们自己的家人一般。 ④Tom raised his right hand ___________________. 汤姆举起右手好像要说什么。 as if I were their own family as if to say something 【考点必记】 It seemed (to sb. ) as if. . . “(对某人来说)似乎……”。 (1)如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的情况, 句子要用陈述语 气。 (2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时, 从句用虚拟语气。 【思维拓展】 　　as though/if引导状语从句时, 若主、从句主语一致, 从句谓语是be动词时, 从句中 的主语和be动词常常可以省略, 即“as though/if+形容词/名词/介词短语/分词/不定 式”。 Ⅰ. 课文里的高考 根据课文内容, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on July 28, 1976, in which thousands of families died and many were injured. Many houses fell down and sand filled the wells 1. _______ of water. People were greatly 2. _______(shock). All the electricity in the city was cut off and people began to wonder how long the disaster would last. The whole city 3. _____________(destroy) completely and the world seemed 4. __ its end. instead shocked was destroyed at The people of Tangshan didn’t lose hope, because 150, 000 soldiers were sent 5. ______(help) the rescue workers. The soldiers tried their best to dig out those 6. ____ were trapped. They also built shelters for the 7. ________(survive). Fresh water was taken to the city by every means. 8. ______(slow), the city began to come back to life. to help who survivors Slowly It was said that before the quake, strange things had happened in the countryside. The water in the village wells 9. ____(rise) and fell. Fish jumped out of the ponds. Strange noises were heard in the sky, but people thought little of 10. _____(they). rose them Ⅱ. 话题中的写作 假如你是China Daily的一名记者, 负责报道某地一次强烈的地震情况。请根 据以下提示, 用英语写一篇短文。 1. 夜里, 一切都开始摇晃, 世界似乎到了末日; 2. 有人受伤, 有人被埋在废墟下; 3. 很快士兵被派遣到那里, 运来了食品和饮用水; 4. 全城又恢复了生机。 注意: 1. 请根据以上要点写一篇50词左右的短文; 2. 尽量使用本单元的知识点; 3. 可适当增加细节。 ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ 【参考范文】 One night, everything began to shake, with the pipes bursting and the electricity cut off. It seemed as if the world was at an end. Some people were injured; others were buried in the ruins. A number of trapped people waited for the rescue. All hope was not lost. The soldiers were soon sent there. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped out. Food and fresh water were taken to the city by plane, train and truck. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.