新疆维吾尔自治区2021年普通高考第一次适应性检测英语试题 解析版

新疆维吾尔自治区 2021 年普通高考第一次适应性检测 英语 （卷面分值：150 分；考试时间:120 分钟） 注意事项： 1．本试卷共 12 页。答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘 贴在条形码区域内。 2．选择题必须使用 2B 铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用 0.5 毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工 整，笔迹清楚。 3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、 试题卷上答题无效。 4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。考试结 束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 回答听力部分时，先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的 答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你将有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where are the speakers going? A. To a restaurant. B. To a supermarket. C. To a park. 2. What will the man do next? A. Do his homework. B. Take some exercise. C. Attend a math class. 3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student, 4. How long will the train be delayed? A. 15 minutes. B. 30 minutes. C. 45 minutes. 5. Why are the woman’s eyes red? A. She feels a little sad. B. She has eye disease. C. Sand gels into her eyes. 第二节（共 15 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独由后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后， 各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独甶读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答 6〜7 题。 6. What kind of person is the woman? A. Shy. B. Confident. C. Outgoing. 7. What advice does the man give the woman? A. Seeing a movie. B. Going to a shop. C. Seeing a play. 听第 7 段材料，回答 8～9 题。 8. What food does Sally like? A. Chicken. B. Eggs. C. Fish. 9. What are the speakers going to do? A. Go shopping. B. Order dishes. C. Cook dinner. 听第 8 段材料，回答 10～12 题。 10. Why does the woman want to do a part-time job? A. To be independent. B. To have a job interview. C. To get work experience. 11. How does the woman plan to find a job at first? A. Through checking the Internet. B. Through a friend’s recommendation. C. Through advertisements on the notice boards. 12. What kind of job will the woman choose? A. A private tutor. B. A shop assistant. C. An eco-volunteer. 听第 9 段材料，回答 13〜16 题。 13. Where is probably the woman? A. In a hospital. B. In an office. C. In an airport. 14. What will the man do? A. Go to the airport. B. Meet his boss. C. Have a mating. 15. What's the man's father? A. A worker. B. A driver. C. A doctor. 16. What does the woman think of her husband? A. He is careless. B. He is devoted. C. He is proud. 听第 10 段材料，回答 17～20 题。 17. How much is the annual membership fee of the center? A. £3. B. £6. C. £9. 18. What should people do if they want to join the renter? A. Visit the center in person. B. Make a call to the center. C. Register on the Internet. 19. How long is the center open on Saturdays? A. For seven hours. B. For eight hours. C. For nine hours. 20. What can we know about the center? A. It accepts cheques. B. Booking is needed. C. Reception closes at 5 pm. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A As COVID-19 broke out and spread in the world, many countries are changing their social habits in order to reduce the risk of spreading the novel coronavirus. France France is famous for its romantic greetings. They touch each other’s cheeks and make a kissing sound. But now, this habit may be coming to an end. Newspapers in France have begun publishing advice on how to replace kissing on the cheek. French etiquette expert Philippe Li-chtfus, who has been widely cited in the media, said that simply looking into a person’s eyes can suffice (足够) as a greeting. Brazil In Brazil, chimarrao is a special drink that is commonly shared among a group of close friends. When they share chimarrao, the tea is passed around in a metal cup, sometimes with a straw, and everyone takes turns drinking from it. But to prevent the spread of the novel coronavirus, Brazil announced that citizens should not share straws to consume the drink. Australia Australians are quite casual when it comes to greetings. “G'day, mate”, a handshake, and smile will suffice. But now the Australian government is urging Australians to take a pat on the back instead of a handshake. “There are other things that can be done, but certainly you could be exercising a degree of care and caution”, said New South Wales Health Minister Brad Hazzard. Iran Traditionally, people in the Iran shake hands lo greet with one another. But today, the global pandemic has given rise to the “footshake” as a means of greeting. A video has gone viral in Iran, showing three friends meeting - hands in their pockets, with two of them wearing masks - tapping their feet against each other as a greeting. 1. How might the French greet due to the novel coronavirus? A. By shaking hands. B. By taking a pat on the back. C. By kissing on the cheek. D. By looking into the eyes. 2. What do friends usually do in Brazil? A. Tap feet. B. Share one cup of drink. C. Take turns to pay for a straw. D. Be cautious about touching. 3. Which of the following countries have social habits in common? A. France & Brazil. B. France & Australia. C. Brazil & Iran. D. Australia & Iran. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D B On the Father's Day before my father entered a nursing home, I gave him an Elmo doll. Like the colored pencils and sketchbook I bought him a year earlier, this was a desperate attempt to bring some joy to my increasingly bedridden father. Years ago, my father suffered a stroke which left him in bed for the rest of his life. At the sight of Elmo, my three elder sisters shook their heads, certain that our father who was anything but childish would not like it. Sure enough, my father, 76, broke into that unpleasant smile that barely concealed his dislike. “What on earth is this?” shouted my sisters, bursting into laughter. “Daddy knows why I give him this,” I said, thinking that they had no idea what Elmo meant to my father. To my disappointment, my father shrugged. How could he not remember? Years earlier, I had been in the kitchen and heard something rare from the living room: laughter. I ran downstairs and saw that Elmo was on the PBS cooking show “The Frugal Gourmet”. “I don’t know what it is about him that gets to me,” my father choked out between laughter and tears. “He's just so funny!” As my father lay in the nursing home, I would visit him in the evenings. We watched old movies with the lights off. Even though he never asked for it, I brought Elmo from home and put him where my father could see him. Before leaving, I would take Elmo from the dresser and place him in my father’s immobile arm. A slight smile would appear on his face. It never looked softer. 4. What’s the problem with the author’s father? A. He lost the ability to feel joy. B. He became childish after the stroke. C. He was disappointed with his children. D. He was bound to stay in bed due to an illness. 5. What does the underlined word “concealed” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Hid. B. Showed. C. Explained. D. Expressed. 6. Why did the author give his father an Elmo doll? A. His father asked for one. B. An Elmo doll once amused his father. C. Nothing but a doll made his father smile. D. His father mentioned one on the cooking show. 7. What does the text mainly tell us? A. The trouble a stroke can cause. B. The difficulty to make a father happy. C. How a simple gift brings joy to a father. D. How to choose a proper toy for old people. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C C Delivering medical supplies lo hand-to-reach planers has been an issue for years. Worldwide, more than two billion people lack access to essential lifesaving supplies, such as blood and vaccines. In the African nation of Rwanda, for example, several remote health clinics do not have sufficient quantities of blood and other health care products. As a result, many people die of treatable illnesses. A company called Zipline is trying to address this problem. It uses drones to transport medical supplies around Rwanda. In the past, it look hours for packages of medicines to reach some health clinics. However, a drone can now deliver medicine in 30 minutes, Thanks to this rapid health-care service, fewer women suffer during childbirth and more children receive life-saving medicine. Drones are also assisting emergency organizations after natural disasters. In 2015, for example, a powerful hurricane destroyed thousands of buildings in the Pacific island nation of Vanuatu. Around 75,000 people lost their homes, and at least 15 died. After the storm, drones photographed the damage. These surveys helped emergency workers assess the situation quickly. Emergency workers used the data to create a detailed map of the affected area. They were then able to transport aid to the people who needed it most. Drones are also helping to protect endangered wildlife populations in parts of Africa and Asia. Every year, poachers kill thousands of elephants, rhinos, and other endangered animals. To stop them, the environmental organization World Wildlife Fund (WWF) is using drones. Drones are particularly helpful at night, when poachers tend to be most active. Fitted with infrared video cameras, drones can easily identify people and animals in the dark. These drones are not only helpful, but they are affordable. Drones with infrared cameras cost about $20,000 each-the cost of other high-tech tools. Ironically, a tool originally created for military use is increasingly being used to save lives instead of taking them. Drones have the potential to provide solutions that will benefit both humans and animals. 8. What is the main purpose of Zipline's drones? A. To transport medicines to people's homes. B. To get medical supplies after a disaster. C. To identify clinics most in need of medicine. D. To deliver supplies quickly to remote health clinics. 9. After the 2015 Vanuatu disaster, what were drones primarily used for? A. Delivering medical supplies. B. Surveying the storm damage. C. Analyzing weather conditions. D. Sending emergency messages. 10. According to the passage, why are infrared drones especially useful? A. They can identify poachers at night. B. They are silent and difficult to detect. C. They are cheaper than other types of drones. D. They can be used near the ground and in the sky. 11. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. High-Flying Helpers B. Advanced-Technology Detectors C. Predictions of Future Drone Technology D. Rise and Fall of Drone Technology 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. A D Over centuries, kung fu has been used for self-defense and to defend against enemies in war. In Dengfeng today, ten kilometers from the Shaolin Temple, there are over 60 martial arts schools with more than 50,000 students. They come to the schools for a variety of reasons. The majority hope to become movie stars. Some come to learn skills that will ensure good jobs in the military or police force. A few are sent by their parents to learn self-control and hard work. Master Hu Zhengsheng teaches at a small school in Dengfeng. Recently, he was offered an important role in a kung fu movie. It would have been good publicity for his school, but he did not accept. He doesn't agree with how kung fu is often shown in movies. Unlike many large schools, which teach acrobatics (杂技) and kickboxing, Hu teaches his students traditional kung fu forms. He teaches them the way his master taught him. But attracting new students to this style of kung fu has become a problem. Hu's afraid his art will soon die out. He has to remind his students that kung fu was designed for fighting, not to entertain. “There are no high kicks or acrobatics here,” he says. “It is hard to convince boys to spend many years learning something that won't make them wealthy or famous.” Hu's students sleep in unheated rooms and train outside no matter what the temperature is. They hit trees with their bare hands and take turns sitting on each other's shoulders to build leg strength. To master kung fu, they must learn respect, and how to “eat bitterness”, a Mandarin expression meaning to “enduring suffering”. The life of a Shaolin master, Hu belives, is not easy or attractive. Master Hu is in a difficult position. For old traditions to survive, the young must learn. Gradually, he has begun offering a few courses in kickboxing and the acrobatic kung fu forms, hoping to attract new students. Then, maybe, he'll be able to convince them to learn Shaolin kung fu the traditional way. 12. Which is the main reason why most people study kung fu? A. To learn self-control. B. To win fame and fortune. C. To get hight-paid jobs. D. To build up their strength. 13. What does “here” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. In kung fu movies. B. In the city of Dengfeng. C. In master Hu’s school. D. In the art of kung fu. 14. What can be inferred from Hu's idea? A. Traditional kung fu needs protection. B. Kung fu can function as entertainment. C. The life of a kung fu master is more than attractive. D. The hardship in learning kung fu is discouraging. 15. What's Hu's attitude towards the future of kung fu? A. Positive. B. Doubtful. C. Concerned. D. Reserved. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. C 第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 To achieve something, you need the right mindset. You need a mindset that knows you can succeed at what you are aiming for. ____16____ Below are some pointers. You complain about life. ____17____ Do you find yourself complaining about your situation, or what other people have said or done? If you do, it means that you do not accept the reality of your situation or past. That causes stress. Rather than complain, if you have the power, you should change your situation. If you cannot change your situation, then you need to accept it. If something cannot be changed, then you must change your attitude about it. You want a pain-free life Don't fear pain. Pain is a part of living. You cannot travel new paths and attain success without the pain of hard work, taking risks and making mistakes. Finally, pain makes you stronger. ____18____ Rather be pleased that you have the opportunity to learn new lessons. You blame others for your problems If you feel anger and resentment against others, blaming them for your problems, then you need to change your mindset. ____19____ They only make you bitter. Instead of being angry, choose to learn and grow from negative experiences, and then let them go. From today, you can choose your own path and it starts with choosing your thoughts. An effective mindset is one that makes the best use of your time, energy and skills to make positive change. ____20____ A. Don’t complain or worry about pain. B. Watch what you say to yourself and others. C. Your mindset will determine your future path. D. Do you know how to have the right mindset? E. You will see it doesn’t serve to benefit your progress. F. These negative thoughts will not change other people. G. How do you know if you need to change your mindset? 【答案】16. G 17. B 18. A 19. F 20. C 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。 Elton Hood and Tracy Eckhardt are from New Windsor, I'llionois. They are the kind of people who would ____21____ everything to help another person-even a stranger. In July, the couple stopped at a gas station in Woodhull. There, Elton began ____22____ an elderly man who seemed confused. As it turned out, he had spent the last week driving and was completely ____23____. Luckily, his new ____24____ were more than happy to set him on the right path! The driver, an 80-year-old man named Dennis, was ____25____ from Arizona to Wisconsin to visit his ____26____. But he had great trouble with the ____27____, getting lost many times and often driving the wrong way for ____28____. ____29____ to get him back on track, Elton wrote out careful new directions and gave Dennis his phone number, just in case. Elton even ____30____ the directions into Dennis' GPS, confident they wouldn't lead him away from the ____31____ direction. ____32____, it didn't take long for Dennis to get lost again. The couple received a ____33____ shortly after saying goodbye to him, and they ____34____ at once to take a three-hour road trip to Wisconsin so Dennis could ____35____ them in his truck! Along the way, they stopped, ate lunch and listened to Dennis' ____36____. Tracy and Elton quickly grew attached (喜爱的) to Dennis, whom they would have never gotten to know if it hadn't been for Elton's ____37____! Thanks to Tracy and Elton, Dennis ____38____ safely in Madison, where he reunited with his son. As if all this wasn't heartwarming enough, Tracy and Elton then ____39____ to lead Denis back to Arizona when his trip ended! “We started this and we feel like we ____40____ to see it through,” Elton said. “So that's what we are going to do. We are going to make sure Dennis makes it to Arizona in one piece.” 21. A. accept B. teach C. buy D. drop 22. A. talking with B. showing around C. dealing with D. searching for 23. A. tired B. lost C. annoyed D. excited 24. A. families B. teammates C. friends D. partners 25. A. traveling B. escaping C. visiting D. struggling 26. A. teacher B. son C. relative D. daughter 27. A. traffic B. directions C. communication D. choices 28. A. hours B. years C. minutes D. seconds 29. A. Nervous B. Afraid C. Determined D. Satisfied 30. A. turned B. shaped C. changed D. programmed 31. A. same B. right C. opposite D. different 32. A. Occasionally B. Finally C. Unluckily D. Gradually 33. A. call B. present C. reward D. letter 34. A. announced B. realized C. agreed D. refused 35. A. help B. follow C. guide D. notice 36. A. reply B. argument C. explanations D. stories 37. A. attention B. talent C. service D. kindness 38. A. landed B. moved C. arrived D. returned 39. A. demanded B. offered C. hated D. hesitated 40. A. happen B. ask C. learn D. need 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. B 36. D 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. D 第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Soon, Laurent Simons, 9, of Belgium, will become one of the ____41____ (young) people in the world to graduate from a university. For this, his teachers and others have called him a talent. Laurent is studying electrical engineering at the Eindhoven University of Technology in the Netherlands. He entered when he was 8 and is set to complete ____42____ three-year program in 10 months. If all goes well and he completes his final project-about a brain-connected electrical chip, he will walk out a graduate in March. “Then, I want to study ____43____ (medical), and do a PhD and make artificial ____44____ (organ),” he said. Laurent explained ____45____ he wanted to create artificial hearts in the future. The grandparents whom he lived ____46____ have heart conditions. “I'd like to help people like them,” he said. While Laurent comes from a family of doctors, so far his parents ____47____ (receive) no explanation as to why their child is capable of leaning so quickly. Also, though Laurent is ____48____ (obvious) able to learn faster than most, his parents are being careful to let him enjoy ____49____ (him) too. He enjoys playing with his dog Sammy and _____50_____ (chat) on the Internet, like many young people. 【答案】41. youngest 42. a 43. medicine 44. organs 45. why 46. with 47. have received 48. obviously 49. himself 50. chatting 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错 误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改的词。 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2．只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 One day, when I lived in Germany, I decided to go shopping and I drive into downtown. I was very pleased because I found out a parking space immediately. It was rather unusual. I did my shopping, that only took half an hour and I went back to my car. To my absolutely horror, it was no longer on the ground but it was in air. I really did not know what to do at that point but I went to the police station. The policeman were very kind to me. They told me I parked into the entrance to a car park and as a result, everybody could get out of the car park. Then I wanted to laugh and cried at the same time. It made me embarrassing. 【答案】1.drive→drove； 2.去掉 out ；3.that→which；4.absolutely→absolute；5. air 前面加 the；6. but→so； 7. policeman→policemen ；8.everybody→nobody；9. cried→cry；10.embarrassing→embarrassed。 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 52. 你校决定近期开始布置“周末体育作业”，体育组教师现就作业形式广泛征求学生意见。 请你在校园网上发帖，对此项决定表示赞成，并推荐一项你最喜爱的体育作业。 内容包括： 1．作业名称； 2．建议时长； 3．推荐理由。 注意： 词数 100 词左右。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________ 【答案】Possible Version Our school has decided that PE homework will be assigned to make sure that we students master sports skills and improve health, and I couldn’t agree more with it. The homework I’d like to recommend is jumping rope for half an hour every weekend. As an affordable sport, it can be done at home conveniently. Not only is it beneficial to heart and lungs but also it helps every part of our body work together. In addition to physical benefits, jumping rope is also an effective way to relax and refresh us after we get tired from doing academic homework. I’d appreciate it if my recommendation can be taken into consideration.