2021届高考英语二轮复习03：疫情词汇+完型+翻译（学案+答案）

疫情词汇+完型+翻译 学习目标：1.掌握热点词汇 2.掌握完形填空常考词汇，学会联系上下文判断； 引入： G 开头 1. It was a bit late to take action, since the journalists had ____ the story anyway. A. got hold of B. got rid of C. stuck to D. led to 2 Team leaders must ensure that all members _____their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes. A. get over B. look over C. take over D. come over 3 . I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasn’t able to ______. A. get away B. drop in C. check out D. hold on 4 He didn’t selfishly keep for himself the money inherited from his uncle. Instead, he made a ______ contribution to help the community. A. commercial B. generous C. comparable D. profitable 5 I've ____ the habit of calling in on my grandparents on my way home from school. A. come into B. gone into C. got into D. run into 6 To get a better grade, you should __________the notes again before the test. A. go over B. get over C. turn over D. take over 7 We’ve just moved into a bigger house and there’s a lot to do. Let’s it. A. keep up with B. do away with C. get down to D. look forward to 8 Jenny was looking for a seat when, luckily, a man and left． A．took up B．got up C．shut up D．set up 9 After that, he knew he could any emergency by doing what be could to the best of his ability. A．get away with B．get on with C．get through D．get across 10 I tried phoning her office, but I couldn’t__________. A. get along B. get on C. get to D. get through 1-5 AAABC 6-10 ACBCD H 开头 1. While our city tries impatiently to change its appearance by tearing down old buildings, more and more citizens are suggesting ways to preserve the ____ important architecture. A. partly B. historically C. originally D. apparently 2 Try not to cough more than you can _____since it may cause problems to your lungs. A. check B. allow C. stop D. help 3 If we leave right away, ______, we’ll arrive on time. A. hopefully B. curiously C. occasionally D. gradually 4 We are at your service. Don’t to turn to us if you have any further problems. A. beg B. hesitate C. desire D. seek 5 ---- Sorry, I have to ______ now. It’s time for class. ---- OK, I’ll call back later. A. hang up B. break up C. give up D. hold up 6 I’m trying to break the _______ of getting up too late . A. tradition B. convenience C. habit D. leisure 7 —I can’t repair these until tomorrow, I’m afraid. —That’s OK, there’s ______. A. no problem B. no wonder C. no doubt D. no hurry 8 The dog may be a good companion for the old. _____, the need to take it for walks may be a disadvantage. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Instead 9 Queen Elizabeth Ⅱis often thought to be the richest woman in the world. ______, her personal wealth seems rather small. A. Besides B. Otherwise C. However D. Altogether 10 My brother is really ____. He often works in his office far into the night. A. open-minded B. hard-working C. self-confident D. warm-hearted 1-5 BDABA 6-10 CDBCB I 开头 1. The police soon established his true ____ and he was quickly caught. A. authority B. personality C. dignity D. identity 2. Swimming with the tide may be not bad, but sometimes students should have their own thoughts ____ just following others. A. but for B. in return for C. instead of D. in case of 3.Although the average reader spends more than 4,000 pounds on books in their lifetime, 55 percent say they buy them for decoration and have no____ of reading them. A. advantage B. attempt C. evidence D. intention 4 Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which ________ spending quite a lot of time with students. A. enjoys B. involves C. practices D. suggests 5 –Volunteering is becoming_________ popular in China. --Yeah, people are now aware that helping others is helping themselves. A. naturally B. successfully C. splendidly D. increasingly 6 If I find someone who looks like the suspect, my ________reaction will be to tell the police. A. physical B. immediate C. sensitive D. sudden 7 I’m sure that your letter will get ________ attention. They know you’re waiting for the reply. A. continued B. immediate C. careful D. general 8 Last night Mr. Crook didn’t come back at the usual time. ______, he met some friends and stayed out until midnight. Meanwhile B. However C. Instead D. Yet 9 Always read the________ on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine. A. explanations B. instructions C. descriptions D. introductions 10 My ______ of this weekend’s activity is going out with some good friends. A. idea B. opinion C. mind D. thought 1-5 DCDBD 6-10 BBCBA 疫情专有名词 73.新型冠状病毒肺炎 COVID-19 74.甲型 H1N1 流感 2009 H1N1 Flu 75.卫生系统 health system 76.流行病学史 historical epidemiology 77.甲类传染病 category A infectious diseases 78.超长潜伏期 ultra-long incubation period 79.气溶胶传播 aerosol transmission 80.粪口传播 fecal-oral transmission 81.交叉感染 cross infection 82.疫情峰值 epidemic peak 83.拐点 turning point 84.致病源 pathogen 85.临床诊断病例 clinically diagnosed cases 86.临床症状 clinical signs and symptoms 87.初发症状 incipient symptoms 88.并发症状 syndrome 或 symptoms of complications 89.抗体 antibody 90.特异性抗体 specific antibody 91.IgM 抗体检测 IgM antibody test 92.四抗二平衡（所谓“四抗”，第一是抗病毒；第二是抗休克；第三是抗低氧血症；第四 是抗继发感染。“二平衡”，即维持水电解质、酸碱平衡以及维持微生态平衡） combined use of anti-viral, anti-shock, anti-hypoxemia medication, and measures to prevent secondary infections maintain the water and electrolyte balance, acid-base balance and microecological balance 93.特效药 specific medicine 94.试剂盒 test kit 95.呼吸机 ventilator / respirator 96.同情用药 compassionate use of a drug (use a drug not yet approved under the compassionate use program) 完型高频词汇 appropriate—inappropriate proper—improper 合适/不合适 question n. / v. 质问，询问 experience—experienced—inexperienced v./n. 经历、经验；有经验的、无经验的 change(不可数名词，零钱)—changes—changeable—unchangeable trends n. 趋势、走向；时尚 (the trend to do… ) n.-related 与…相关的 (eg. job-related ) assess—assessment 评估 （evaluate—evaluation ） dissatisfaction—satisfaction—satisfied—satisfactory-satisfying profession—professional—unprofessional 专业的、职业的/ 非专业的、外行的 occur—occurrence 发生；出现；闪现 遭遇、事件 sth occur to sb./ It occur to sb. that… majority—minority 大多数、少数/少数名族 involve –involved—involving—involvement associate—association 联想、联系； 协会，社团 visible—invisible—vision distract—distraction 使分心、 分心 (+from… ) attention—attentively 注意力/聚精会神地 fatal—deadly 致命的 specific（adj 明确的，特定的，具体的）—specifically—specify v. 详细说明 special-specialized（专门的，专科的）-specialty（n 特长，招牌菜） respect—respectively 尊重/ 各自地，分别地 respect—aspect 某方面 schedule—as scheduled n. /v. 时刻表/ 计划、安排 individual—individualism—individualistic adj./n.—n. 个人主义（的） determine—determined—determination achieve—achieving—achievement 获得、实现/ 成就、成功 ambition—ambitious marvel—marvelous n./v. 奇迹、惊奇 adj. 不可思议的，非凡的 smart vi.疼痛;难过 vt.引起…的疼痛（或痛苦、苦恼等） adv.聪明伶俐地，轻快地，漂亮地 （work smart） energy—energetic establish—establishment 创建 establish…as… established company 知名公司 release v./n. 释放、发行、公布 origin—originate n./v. 起源/起源于、开始产生、创作 original—originally 原始的、独创 的 consume—consumer—consumption 消耗、消费 消费者 n.消耗 produce—production—productive 多产的 reproduce v. 繁殖、复制 recover v 恢复-recovery （from） identify—identification-identity v. 识别、认出；n 鉴定、身份证明 ；n 身份 identify…with…. 与…产生共鸣；把..看出… future adj. /n. 前途/期货 regular—irregular—regularly regulation / rule convince—convincing—convinced It is convinced that…=It is believed that… process n. 过程 v. 加工、处理 in the process of…=in the course of…/during… predict—prediction demand v./n. demanding adj. 挑剔的，要求高的 influence—influential effect-impact n 影响，效果 effect n—affect vt—effective 有效果的- efficient 效率高的 consequence—consequent—consequently 因此，随之而来的 extinct—extinction 灭绝、消失 distinct—distinction 明显的、有区别的—差别 distinctive adj. 有特色的、与众不同的 distinctive guests 贵宾 distinguished 优 秀的，杰出的 complicated—complex relative n. 亲属 adj. 相关的 be relative to…= be related to…/ relating to… quality n./ adj. 质量、素质、品质 优质的 quantity n 数量 ignore—ignorant—ignorance 忽视，不理会—无知的—无知 neglect v./n. 疏忽、遗漏、怠慢 玩忽（值守） match…with… 与…匹配、相配 accurate—accuracy—accurately 精确的，确切的—精确度 emotion—feeling—mood—affection 情绪、感情、 affectionate adj. 深情的，挚爱的 inform v. 通知、告发、预示 inform sb. of… promise v./n. 承诺、希望 promising adj. 有前途的，有希望的 apply—application—applicant 申请(+for)、应用(+to) 申请表、申请人 candidate 报考者、候选人、考生 negative—positive 否定的、消极的---积极的、肯定的 monitor n./v. 班长、监视器 监控、监视 campaign n./v. 运动、竞选、战役、比赛 发起运动、竞赛… note n./v. 笔记、记录、标注 noted 著名的，显著的 focus v./n. 焦点、中心 集中于…(+on) fall v./n. 下降、落后 major adj. / n. /v. 主要的 主修科目 主修\专攻(+in) extend—extended 延伸、延长 adj. 延伸的，延长的 expand—expanded 扩展、扩张 扩大的、膨胀的 extensive 广阔的、范围广的、外延的； expansive 膨胀性的、豁达的、（动作）幅度大的、健谈的 consider—considerate（体贴的，考虑周到的）—consideration—considerable （相当多的， 大量的） final—finally—finalize—finalization sponsor n./v. 主办方、发起者 赞助、赞助商 ， invest 投资； donate 捐赠 increase v./n. increasing—growing decrease v./n. balance—balanced v./n.—adj. present—presentation v./n./adj. 介绍、呈现；现在；礼物； 现在的，目前的；出席的 represent—representation—representative v.—n. –adj./n. stimulate—stimulation v.—n. 刺激、激发 （=excite） include—including—included exclude—exclusion v.—n. 杜绝、排除 contain—container v. 包含、容纳；遏制 n. 集装箱、容器 constrain vt. 强迫；强使；限制；约束 restrain vt. 抑制，压抑；限定，限制；制止；监禁 restrict—restricted—restrictive vt. 限制，限定；约束，束缚 adj. 受限制的；限定 性的 emphasis—emphasize n.—v. (+on) 强调、突出、重视 misunderstanding 误会 misleading 误导 reflect—reflection—reflective 反射、反省、反映 private—privacy adj.—n. 私人的，私有的 隐私 attach…to… v. 粘贴；附着 attachment n. attach great importance to… 重 视… direct—indirect—directly—direction n.-directed 以…为导向的 oppose—opponent v.--n. 反对、对抗； 对手、敌手 resist—resistance—resistant—irresistible v.--n. 抵抗、抵制 无法抗拒的、诱惑人 的 civil—civilize—civilized—uncivilized—civilization concern v./n. (+with/about) 担心、关心、忧虑 concerned adj. 忧虑的 concerning prep. 关于、就…而论 =regarding/ as to…/ in terms of… advance—advanced n./v.—adj. destroy—destruction—destructive 破坏、摧毁； 破坏性的，毁灭性的 devastate—devastating v.—adj. 破坏、毁灭； 毁灭性的 cease—stop n./v. ceaseless—endless 无休止的、不断的； 无穷无尽的 define—definite 明确的—definition define…as…/ ..be defined as… 定义为… approach v./n. 靠近、接近； 方法、途径（+to） suffer—suffering—sufferance—suffer 受苦、遭受(+from) /苦难/ 忍耐/ 患者、受难者 populate—populous—population v.—adj.—n. 居 住 于 .. ； 人 口 稠 密 的 =densely populated； shift v./n. 改变、换挡(+to) 换班、轮休 day-shift/ night-shift switch to…=change to../ shift to… 转变、转换 switch off= turn off 关掉、切断（电源） exhibit—exhibition—exhibited—display exist—existing—existence highlight—highlighted seek—sought v. 寻找、探寻；企图、试图（+ to do） survive—survived—survival vt.—n. 幸存、挺过、比..活得长；幸存(者)，遗物 surviving adj. 继续存在的，依然健在的 revise—revised—revision 修订、修改 reverse—reversed v./adj. 反转、颠倒；颠倒的，倒过来的 figure v./n. 数字、轮廓、身材、人物； figure out =work out.. connect—connected—connection (+to/with…) benefit—benefits—beneficial—beneficiary v./n.—adj.—n./adj. 受益人；受封的、臣服 的 globe—global—globalize—globalization contribute—contribution (+to..) 贡献；捐赠；投稿；促成 top n.顶部； adj.最高的；头等的 vt. 达到…的顶端；领导 vi.总结；超越；结束 tops adj. 最上等的，一流的(=top-class) revolution—revolutionize—revolutionary n.—v.—n./adj. 革命；引起变革；革命者；革命 的 trick—tricky n./v.—adj. 诡计、欺骗； 诡计多端的 available—availability compete—competition—competitor—competitive—competing 对抗的，竞争的，相互矛 盾的 territory—territorial n.—adj. 领土、版图、势力范围 领土的、区域的 standard—standardize—standardized—standardization 标准、规格；标准化的 appeal—appealing (+to) v./n. 吸引(力)；呼吁；上诉 adj. 吸引人的=attractive deliver—delivery v.—n. 发送、投递；发表（speech 等） athlete—athletic n.—adj. 运动员；运动的、体格健壮的、敏捷的 fulfill—fulfilling—fulfillment v.—adj.—n. 履行、执行、达到；令人满意的；完成、实现 conscious—consciousness—unconscious—subconscious be conscious of..=be aware of. isolate—isolated—isolating—isolation 隔离、孤立、绝缘 accept—acceptance—accepted—acceptable—acceptability adj. 公认的；可接受的 endure—endurance—enduring—endured--endurable 忍耐; 持久的、不朽的；吃苦耐劳 的 embarrass—embarrassing—embarrassed—embarrassment 尴尬 create—creation—creative—creativity—creator separate—separation—separated v./adj.—n.—adj. indicate—indication- indicator vt 标明，象征，表示；n 指示，指出 ；指示器 responsible—responsibility respond-response v./n. 回答，反应 will—willing—unwilling—willingly n. 意志 strong-willed 意志坚强的、固执己见的 function—functional n./v.—adj. 功能、职责；起作用、运行 complicate—complicated—complication v. 使复杂、混乱 adj.—n. complex—complexity adj.—n. 复杂的、合成的； 复杂性；复合物 image n.影像；肖像；概念；映像 vt. 反映；想像；象征 signal—signally n./v.—adv. 信号；发信号（+ to） 显著地，显眼地 mental—mentally—mentality experiment n./v. 实验；做实验（+ on）、尝试 leap v./n. 跳跃、飞跃 monster—monstrous n./adj.—adj. 怪物；庞大的； 丑陋的、巨大的 account n.存款账户；记述；理由 vi.解释(+for)，占比。。 subject n.主题；学科；[哲]主观; 研究对象 adj.须服从…的； v.提供；使…隶属 tailor n.裁缝；vt 裁制衣服；使适应特定需要 vary- various- variety（n 种类）- variation（n 变化，变异，变种） feasible adj.可行的，行的通的-feasibility n.可行性 flexible adj. 灵活的；柔韧的；易弯曲的；有弹性的 课堂训练： 选自进才中学周练 周练卷一 “Don’t get sick in July!” This is a common concern in teaching hospitals in the U.S. It’s driven by academic calendar: July is when the new interns, fresh out of medical school, start work. In other words, it’s when everyone is most ____41___. The theory is that this disadvantage leads to mistakes. So is medical experience good or bad? Well, in most cases, your doctor’s experience is very helpful, allowing her to pick up on a(n)___42____ symptom early in a disease process, when your condition falls outside of what is in the ___43____, where newbies get most of their ideas. For many medical treatments, there’s a direct connection between physician experience and your treating outcome. In a variety of situations, though, experience can backfire. The reason is simple___44____. Doctors are humans too and they ___45____ tricks of the mind--like believing that an ineffective treatment really works. In fact, entire fields or research are devoted to understanding why these errors of thought occur. They____46___ from so-called cognitive prejudice that can mislead even ___47____ practitioners into making the wrong decisions. Doctors are usually locked onto a diagnosis early and disregard new and ___48____ information. For example, a patient may be diagnosed with a quickly fatal cancer, but then ends up trying various herbal remedies and lives for 30 more years. Instead of analyzing the ____49___diagnosis, the patient, and maybe even the doctor, may assume that the herbal remedies cured the cancer. Also, some experienced doctors then to believe evidence when it supports their previous opinion while subconsciously ignoring information opposing it. Let’s say your doctor is pretty certain you have ill digestion and orders a test to ___50____ the suspicion, which produces negative result. But she treats you for ill digestion anyway because she was ____51___ with the prior diagnosis by experience. In fact, there are clearly many benefits to having a highly experienced doctor, such as technical proficiency. but there may actually be some unexpected benefits to having a less-experienced one too. She may have a more up-to-date education, boundless energy and perhaps is less vulnerable to biases, freed from the same ___52____ for years. To safeguard yourself as a patient, one thing you should always do is ___53____. It may not always be possible to determining that your doctor has met with an unconscious thinking ____54___. But asking questions does force your doctor to think twice and ___55____her decision about your case. 41. A. innocent B. productive C. inexperienced D. prohibited 42. A. slight B. objective C. complex D. sustainable 43. A. media B. tradition C. reality D. textbook 44. A. psychology B. education C. procedure D. priority 45. A. take advantage of B. make sense of C. fall victim to D. play fire with 46. A. spring B. depart C. benefit D. distinguish 47. A. highly-motivated B. well-seasoned C. deeply-offended D. wide-eyed 48. A. moderate B. visible C. conflicting D. permanent 49. A. initial B. tough C. multiple D. private 50. A. evaluate B. operate D. confirm D. revise 51. A. preoccupied B. labelled C. associated D. concerned 52. A. professional circle B. thinking pattern C. academic background D. operating order 53. A. investigating B. questioning C. monitoring D. observing 54. A. obstacle B. trap C. horizon D. struggle 55. A. practice B. accommodate C. justify D. remove keys: 41-45CADAC 46-50 ABCAC 51-55ABBBC 文章大意：medical experience good or bad? 词汇积累： 1. teaching hospitals: 医学院的附属医院 2. fresh out of/fresh from: 刚从...毕业、刚从...出来 3. pick up on a slight symptom: 注意到一个轻微的症状 4. newbie: n. 初学者 5. backfire: vi. 产生出乎意料及事与愿违的结果 6. lock onto a diagnosis: 锁定一个诊断 7. disregard: v.t. 对...置之不理；忽视 8. suspicion: n. 怀疑 9. she was preoccupied with the prior diagnosis be preoccupied with: 全神贯注于，沉浸在 prior: adj. 先前的，较早的 prior notice: 预先通知 10. be vulnerable to biases: 易受偏见的影响 11. safeguard yourself: 保卫自己 12. fall victim to: 沦为...的受害者 13. well-seasoned=experienced 14. wide-eyed=naive 15. thinking pattern: 思维模式 16. justify: v.t. 证明...有道理 17. trap: n. 陷阱，全套，困境 周练卷二 A baby born in west today will more likely than not live to be 105, write Lynda Gratton and Andrew Scott of London Business School in their book, The 100-Year Life. That may sound like science fiction. 1 , it’s only cautiously optimistic. If turning 100 becomes normal, then the authors predict “a fundamental redesign of life”. We currently live “the three-stage life”: education, career, then retirement. The book 2 that if today’s children want to retire on livable pensions, they will need to work until about age 80. That would be a 3 to the past: in 1880, nearly half of 80-year-old Americans did some kind of work. But few people will be able to bear the 4 and tedium of a 55-year career in a single sector. Anyway, technological changes would make their education obsolete long before they reached 80. The new life-path will 5 have more than three stages. Two new life-stages appeared in the past century: teenagers and retirees. Now another stage is 6 , say Gratton and Scott: the years from 18 to 30, which people increasingly spend 7 from education to full-time work. Of course, many of today’s young have no choice: they simply cannot find good jobs. But the 18-to-30s have also been 8 to understand the gift of extra years, say the authors. Many young people are now consciously searching and experimenting, 9 how they want to spend the next seven or so decades. The authors predict that more will do two degrees: first a general undergraduate course, which teaches thinking skills with lifelong value, and then a more 10 vocational degree that teaches a specific sector’s current needs. After studying, the young will spend time travelling, exploring different sectors, and 11 a “posse” of friends and acquaintances who can sustain them at work and outside for 70 years. Future careers will contain many transformations. People will have to make more 12 : next year, should you work hard in your job, return to education, or transition to an entirely new sector? There will be time to achieve 13 in multiple domains. No longer will women be 14 careers because they took five or 10 years out to raise kids. That will still leave them 50-plus working years. And people will change their use of leisure. When you could expect a 40-year career followed by fat state or corporate pensions, you could spend your free time chilling and buying stuff. But the 100-year life 15 more savings. You might also need to spend much of your non-working time reskilling or exercising to maintain your body and brain for those extra decades. 1. A. In particular B. In fact C. At least D. First of all 2. A. evaluates B. calculates C. expects D. insists 3. A. review B. reward C. return D. reverse 4. A. exhaustion B. interest C. mismatch D. revolution 5. A. however B. conversely C. therefore D. instead 6. A. rising B. shifting C. functioning D. emerging 7. A. transitioning B. ranging C. pursuing D. revolutionizing 8. A. the slowest B. the quickest C. the more reluctant D. the least prepared 9. A. working out B. depending on C. consisting in D. coming up 10. A. general B. specific C. definite D. peculiar 11. A. reuniting B. assembling C. equipping D. supporting 12. A. options B. obligations C. duties D. benefits 13. A. wisdom B. efforts C. mastery D. comments 14. A. denied B. dismissed C. deprived D. withdrawn 15. A. equals B. requires C. generates D. spends Keys: 1-5 B B C A C 6-10 D A B A B 11-15 B A C A B 文章大意：if turning 100 becomes normal... 词汇积累： 1. cautiously optimistic: 审慎乐观 2. pensions：养老金 3. tedium：n. 冗长，单调乏味 4. simply: =only 仅仅，只是；实在，根本（用于强调）例句：This work is simply not good enough. 5. in multiple domains: 在多个领域 6. chill: vi. 放松，冷静 7. calculate: v.t. =estimate 预测， 推测 8. come up: 发生；被提出 deny: deny sth to sb/ deny sb sth. 拒绝给予 周练卷三 When retailers want to persuade customers to buy a particular product, they typically offer it at a discount. According to a new study to be published in the journal of Marketing, they are missing a __41__. A team of researchers, led by Akshay Rao of the University of Minnesotas Carlson School of Management, __42__ consumers attitudes to discounting shoppers, they found, much prefer getting something extra free to getting something cheaper. The main reason is that most people are poor at fractions(分数). Consumers often struggle to realize, __43__, that a 50% increase in __44__ is the same as a 33% discount in price. They overwhelmingly __45__ the former is better value. In an experiment, the researchers sold 73% more hand lotion GR-A when it was offered in a bonus pack than when it carried an __46__ discount (even after all other effects, such as a desire to stockpile were controlled for) This ___47 blind spot remains even when the deal __48__ savours the discounted product. In another experiment, this time on his undergraduates, Mr Rao offered two __49__ on loose coffee beans 33% extra free or 33% off the price. The discount is by far the better proposition, but the supposedly clever students viewed them as equivalent. Studies have show other ways in which retailers can exploit consumers mathematical __50__. One is to __51__ them with double discounting. People are more likely to see a bargain in a product that has be reduced by 20%, and then by an additional 25%, than one that has been subject to an equivalent, one-off, 40%o reduction. Marketing types can draw lessons beyond just __52__, says Mr Rao. when advertising a new cars efficiency, for example, it is more __53__ to talk about the number of extra miles per gallon it does, rather than the equivalent percentage __54__ in fuel consumption. There may be lessons for regulators too. Even __55__ shoppers are easily fooled. Sending everyone back to school for maths refresher-courses seems out of the question. But more noticeably is played unit prices in shops and advertisements would be a great help. 41 A. trick B point C guide D method 42 A communicated with B looked at C concerned about D engaged in 43 A by contrast B after all C for example D as usual 44 A quantity B catalogue C quality D variety 45 A indicate B assume C deny D confess 46 A attractive B adequate C essential D equivalent 47. A mathematical B subjective C inevitable D.impressive 48. A invisibly B clearly C objectively D blindly 49. A deals B discounts C situations D decisions 50. A. inaccessibility B. failure C. illiteracy D dependence 51. A. equip B connect C confuse D motivate 52. A. bargaining B pricing C advertising D retailing 53. A.deceptive B aggressive C logical D convincing 54. A. fall B usage C volume D increase 55. A. reasonable B well-educated C flexible D good-tempered Keys: 1-5 B B C A C 6-10 D A B A B 11-15 B A C A B 文章大意：if turning 100 becomes normal... 词汇积累： cautiously optimistic: 审慎乐观 pensions：养老金 tedium：n. 冗长，单调乏味 simply: =only 仅仅，只是；实在，根本（用于强调）例句：This work is simply not good enough. in multiple domains: 在多个领域 chill: vi. 放松，冷静 calculate: v.t. =estimate 预测， 推测 come up: 发生；被提出 deny: deny sth to sb/ deny sb sth. 拒绝给予 31.但愿我能给你一点帮助，但事实上我自己也只能依靠别人。 I wish that I could help you, but in fact I myself have to depend on others. 32.如果你坚持要我一个人去，我愿惹服从你的命令。 If you insist that I should go alone, I will obey your order. 33.我希望我所有的学生都能进入他们想进的大学。 I hope all of my students will enter the universities where they wish to study. 34.要是当初你听了张老师的劝告，你就不会惹上这麻烦． If you had followed Mr. Zhang's advice at that time, you could have avoided the trouble. 35.虽然他已是班上最好的学生，但是他仍不满足于自己的成绩。 Though he is already a top student in the class, he doesn't feel satisfied with his achievements. 36.看到孩子们手拿鲜花走进大厅，我们全都站了起来。 Seeing the children entering the hall with flowers in their hands, we all stood up. 37.不仅是老人容易患心脏病，许多年轻人也可能因患心脏病而病倒。 Not only are old people likely to suffer from heart trouble, but many young people may be down with that disease too. 38.不看电视我们也能知道世界大事。我们可以通过看报来获得信息。 Without watching television we can also know what is going on in the world. We can get information by reading newspapers. 39.你要成功，就必须抓住每一个机会。 If you want to be successful, you'll have to catch hold of every chance that comes to you. 40.不会好好利用时间的人是不可能大有作为的。 Those who can't make good use of time will not be very successful. 41. 学好一门功课是费时间的 。你不要期望在短期内创造奇迹。 It takes time to learn a subject well. You can't expect to make wonders in a short time. 42.我的家乡发生了这麽大的变化，我都快认不出来了。 Such great changes have taken place in my hometown that I can hardly recognize it. 43.在外出旅行前，你最好先弄清楚你可能要花多少钱。 Before you go on a journey, you'd better make it clear how much money you are going to spend. 44.尽管他自己有麻烦，但仍旧时时为别人着想。 He thought about others all the time in spite of his own trouble. 45.他没有出席她的生日晚会，因为他必须在天黑之前回到学校。 He didn't attend her birthday party as he had to get hack to school before dark. 课后复习： 【解题原则】 1、语义优先于语法原则 由于文章的开头部分一般不设空格,而是对所选短文的题材和可能涉及的内容作简单的介绍 或提示,并且单纯的语法题几乎从该题型中消失。 如果一味按照语法规则来选择答案，就陷入了答题误区,因为几乎每一题的四个选项都符合 语法规则;理解文章的大意并结合语言结构对每个空格作出正确的判断，方为上策。 2、词内选项句内找原则 从近几年的高考原题来看，近义词或词组的辨析正成为考试的热点。四个选择项要么都是词 义相近的名词单数或复数，要么都是近义动词的同一时态等，只能根据上下文的语境作出正 确的选择。 如果提供的四个选择项词义相差悬殊，则上文或下文肯定有答题提示，有时第一个空格要读 完全文才能回答。 【解题步骤】 1.要快速通读全文，了解文章大意，正确分析、归纳文章主旨。 2.在理解文章大意基础上，对每道题所给的词语进行剖析，考虑语境，上下呼应，运用逻辑 思维进行推理，再根据自己最有把握的、最熟悉的短语、习惯用语、动词形式和句子结构等， 先完成简单的，把难的留在后面。 3.再次细读全文，集中精力解决难点，填补空缺。 4.答题完毕，遵循由整体到局部、由局部到整体的规律，再耐心通读全文，认真复查所选答 案是否得当，语法是否正确，逻辑推理是否合理。 良好的完形填空成绩主要表现在良好的阅读习惯和良好的语法功底，有人说，“得阅读者得 天下”。完形填空也不例外。 多做多练多总结；扫清词汇障碍后还应培养自己良好的阅读习惯： 1、要以意群，语义为单位读，不要逐词逐句地认； 2、要借助视觉扫读，不要手指唇动或无声心读； 3、要从头至尾，一气呵成，不要频繁回读； 4、要直接理解原文，不要逐词逐句地心译； 5、要利用上下文和构词法猜测生词，推测出句意，不要频繁查阅词典； 6、逐步扩大视距，要纵式快速阅读，不要横式赏析细读。 周练卷四 The term “CYBERSPACE” was coined by William Gibson, a science-fiction writer. He first used it in a short story in 1982, and expanded on it a couple of years later in a novel, “Neuromancer”. His ____41_____ creation turned out to be remarkably prescient(有先见之 明的). Cyberspace has become shorthand for the computing devices, networks, fibre-optic cables, wireless links and other infrastructure that bring the internet to billions of people around the world. The _____42____ made by these technologies have brought tremendous benefits to everyone who uses the web to____43_____ humanity’s collective store of knowledge every day. But there is a darker side to this extraordinary invention. Data_____44____ are becoming ever bigger and more common. Last year over 800m records were lost, mainly through attacks. Among the most prominent recent____45_____ has been Target, whose chief executive stood down from his job in May, a few months after the giant retailer _____46____ that online intruders had stolen millions of digital records about its customers, including credit- and debit-card details. The potential damage, though, extends well beyond such ____47_____intrusion. Wider ___48_____have been raised by the realization of a the growing numbers of cyber-warriors being recruited by countries that see cyberspace as a new territory of warfare. America’s president, Barack Obama, said in a White House press release that cyber-threats ____49_____ one of the gravest national-security dangers” the country is facing. Securing cyberspace is hard because the architecture of the internet was designed to promote connectivity, not _____50____ . Its founders focused on getting it to work and did not _____51____ threats because the network was attached to America’s military. As hackers ____52_____, layers of security, from antivirus programs to firewalls, were added to try to keep them at bay. Gartner, a research firm,admits that last year organizations around the globe spent $67 billion on information security. _____53___ , these defenses have worked reasonably well. Despite the talk about the risk of a “cyber 9/11”, the internet has proved remarkably ___54______ . Hundreds of millions of people turn on their computers every day and bank online, shop at ___55______ stores, share gossip and photos with their friends on social networks and send all kinds of sensitive data over the web without ill effect. Companies and governments are shifting ever more services online. 41. A. technical B. literary C. deliberate D. noble 42. A. senses B. restrictions C. connections D. differences 43. A. break through B. keep back C. stand for D. tap into 44. A. collections B. mistakes C. leaks D. sources 45. A. hackers B. agencies C. critics D. victims 46. A. assessed B. insisted C. revealed D. concluded 47. A. social B. cultural C. civil D. commercial 48. A. gaps B. contacts C. effects D. concerns 49. A. pose B. solve C. maintain D. reduce 50. A. availability B. security C. temptation D. preservation 51. A. worry about B. specialize in C. keep away D. put off 52. A. broke down B. turned up C. fell apart D. shut down 53. A. Of course B. In another word C. On the whole D. Above all 54. A. calm and stable B. fun and fashionable C. profitable and productive D. wild and well-received 55. A. luxurious B. favorite C. virtual D. convenience keys: 41-45 BCDCD 46-50CDDAB 51-55 ABCDC 文章大意： cyberspace’s security 词汇积累： 1. coin： vt. 杜撰；创造 2. shorthand： n. 含糊的说法 3. tremendous benefits：巨大的好处 4. stand down：离职 5. grave：adj. 重大的，严肃的 6. secure：v.t. 保护，使某地免受伤害或攻击；争取到 7. reasonably：尚可，还可以 remarkably：显著地，惊人地 周练卷五 Cowboy or spaceman? A dilemma for a children’s party, perhaps. But also a question for economists, argued Kenneth Boulding, a British economist, in an essay published in 1966. We have run our ____41____, he warned, like cowboys on the open grassland: taking and using the world’s resources, ___42_____ that more lies over the horizon. But the Earth is ____43____ a grassland than a spaceship—a closed system, alone in space, carrying limited supplies. We need, said Boulding, an economics that takes seriously the idea of environmental ____44____. In the half century since his essay, a new movement has responded to his challenge. “Ecological economists”, as they call themselves, want to ____45____ its aims and assumptions. What do they say—and will their ideas achieve lift-off? To its ___46_____, ecological economics is neither ecology nor economics, but a mix of both. Their starting point is to recognize that the human economy is part of the natural world. Our environment, they note, is both a source of resources and a sink for wastes. But it is ____47____ in conventional textbooks, where neat diagrams trace the flows between firms, households and the government as though nature did not exist. That is a huge mistake. There are two ways our economies can grow, ecological economists point out: through technological change, or through more intensive use of resources. Only the ____48____, they say, is worth having. They are suspicious of GDP, a simple ____49____ which does not take account of resource exhaustion, unpaid work, and countless other factors. ____50____ they advocate more holistic(全面的) approaches, such as the Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI), a composite index(复合指标) that includes things like the cost of pollution, deforestation and car accidents. While GDP has kept growing, global GPI per person ____51____ in 1978: by destroying our environment we are making ourselves poorer, not richer. The solution, says Herman Daly, a former World Bank economist and eco-guru, is a “steady-state” economy, where the use of materials and energy is held ___52_____. Mainstream economists are ___53____. The GPI, they point out, is a subjective measure. And talk of limits to growth has had a bad press since the days of Thomas Malthus, a gloomy 18th century cleric who predicted, wrongly, that overpopulation would lead to famine. Human beings find solutions to some of the most annoying problems. But ecological economists ___54____ self-satisfaction. In 2009 a paper in Nature, a scientific journal, argued that human activity is already ____55____safe planetary boundaries on issues such as biodiversity(生物多样性) and climate change. That suggests that ecological economists are at least asking some important questions, even if their answers turn out to be wrong. 41. A. grassland B. nation C. economy D. spaceship 42. A. ignorant B. confident C. astonishing D. anxious 43. A. less B. smaller C. more D. larger 44. A. movements B. influences C. limits D. threats 45. A. reject B. realize C. resemble D. revolutionize 46. A. challengers B. learners C. advocates D. professors 47. A. addressed B. ignored C. opposed D. reflected 48. A. advanced B. former C. latter D. scientific 49. A. number B. product C. idea D. measure 50. A. In addition B. For example C. In other words D. In its place 51. A. peaked B. plunged C. persisted D. paused 52. A. sufficient B. efficient C. constant D. adequate 53. A. unimpressed B. involved C concerned D. appointed 54. A. call for B. contribute to C. warn against D. refer to 55. A. setting B. overstepping C. extending D. redrawing keys: 41-45 CBADD 46-50 CBBDD 51-55 ACACB 文章大意：ecological economics 词汇积累： 1. dilemma: n. 困境 2. achieve lift-off：腾飞 3. be suspicious of：怀疑 4. take account of：把...考虑进去 5. in its place=in the place of 代替 6. plunge：vi. 暴跌，骤降 overstep：逾越；超出...的限度 周练卷六 During residency (住院医生实习期), my first shifts could last 36 hours without sleep, often without breaks of more than a few minutes. Whether I was impatient or I didn’t smell the best, I never felt it ____41_____ for me to keep working. Being a doctor, after all, is supposed to be putting other people’s needs before your own. Most adults function best after seven to nine hours of sleep a night. When we get fewer than seven hours, we’re damaged. When sleep always falls below six hours per 24, we are at an increased risk of ____42_____problems. Sleep experts often compare sleep-deprived people to drunk ____43_____.They don’t get behind the wheel going to kill someone. But _____44____, what they both lose is self-awareness. David Dinges, the chief of the division of sleep and chronobiology at University of Pennsylvania, said, “When animals are sleep-deprived constantly, they will face serious _____45____ consequences. Death is one of them.” Then how many people could do anything close to that without dying? We should admit that there probably are some people among us who can actually _____46____sleep loss better than others. In 1964, a 17-year-old San Diego boy named Randy Gardner stayed awake for 264 hours as an experiment. The Stanford sleep researcher William Dement and other researchers took turns watching and assessing the young man’s consciousness. The boy neither took any stimulant medications nor seemed to ____47_____ any permanent damages. Around the same time, the U.S. military got interested in sleep-deprivation research: Could soldiers be _____48____ to function in sustained warfare with little sleep? The original studies seemed to say yes. But when the military put soldiers in a lab to make certain they stayed awake, it was found that the less sleep the soldiers got, the more _____49____they had in accurate reactions the next day. ____50_____beyond our control--jobs, families and light pollution -- can make it hard for us to sleep well. But here are a few simple tips. Caffeine is the most consumed stimulant in the world, which increases adrenaline (肾上 腺素) levels in the blood. It has repeatedly been shown to improve athletic performance in the short term. ____51_____use of caffeine can be cognitively (认知地) advantageous. But its overuse is likely to throw off our sleep and energy cycles in the long term, ____52_____ the body’s internal clock. Besides, in the summer of 2015, experts were trying to deal with the _____53____ of all new light into our lives. When light enters your eye, it hits your retina (视网膜), which directly _____54____the hypothalamus ( 下 丘 脑 ). When your retinas start taking in less light, your hypothalamus assumes it’s time to sleep. This is why we’re told to ____55_____ screen time before bed, such as by using a “night mode” available on most mobiles phones. 41. A. uncomfortable B. impossible C. dangerous D. demanding 42. A. attitude B. health C. social D. technical 43. A. murders B. losers C. drivers D. pedestrians 44. A. accordingly B. surprisingly C. consequently D. similarly 45. A. biological B. ecological C. emotional D. medical 46. A. estimate B. tolerate C. research D. value 47. A. cause B. repair C. assess D. suffer 48. A. ordered B. equipped C. trained D. diagnosed 49. A. difficulties B. corrections C. requirements D. strategies 50. A. Forces B. Factors C. Issues D. Directions 51. A. Frequent B. Current C. Effective D. Moderate 52. A. setting B. advancing C. altering D. regulating 53. A. invasion B. introduction C. innovation D. interaction 54. A. transform B. recovers C. damages D. signals 55. A. allow B. minimize C. kill D. gain keys: 41-45 CBCDA 46-50 BDCAB 51-55 DCADB 文章大意：insufficient sleep can cause healthy problems 词汇积累： 1. be supposed to 应该，被期望 2. function best：运行地最好 3. take turns：轮流 4. sustained warfare: 持续的战争 5. throw off our sleep：睡不着 throw off: 摆脱，抛弃 6. repair： n./v. 修理；弥补 7. invasion：入侵，侵犯 signal：v. 向...示意，发信号 周练卷七 The people of the Makah Nation have lived on Washington state’s Olympic Peninsula for thousands of years. They call themselves Kwi-dich-cha-at which ____41_____ “people who live by the rocks and seagulls.” The shorter name of Makah, bestowed on the neighboring Native American peoples, means “generous with food.” Before the white settlers arrived in the American Northwest, the Makah hunted gray and humpback whales from canoes made from the western red cedar tree. Wales ____42_____ meat blubber, and bone for food, oil and utensils. The Makah enjoyed a lively trade in whale products with other Native Americans and later with an intensity and efficiency that quickly ____43_____ the numbers of these creatures. The Makah relationship to the whales, on the other hand, was as much _____44____ as material. Whales and whaling were____45_____ in their songs and dances. Images of whales were _____46____ into blankets and baskets and carved in stone and wood. By the 1920s, with local whales on the brink of ____47_____, the Makah stopped hunting them altogether. Through ____48_____ conservation measures, whales returned to the waters off the Olympic Peninsular soon. In the 1970s, archeologists discovered many objects that confirmed the long and significant relationship between the Makah and whales. This awareness _____49____ a cultural resurgence that included a focus on traditional foods and the health problems some linked to changes in the Makah diet, particularly the ____50_____ from it of sea mammal meat. Eventually, the Makah decided to resume hunting whales. Although their plans faced strong opposition from different groups, they cited a 1885 treaty signed with the U.S. government that ____51_____ the fight to continue this practice. After years of planning, the Makah ___52_____first hunt for the late fall of 1998. They succeeded in bringing in a gray whale about six months later, today the Makah hunt whales in the ____53_____way--from large seagoing canoes, using harpoons. Divers enter the water and tie the killed whale’s jaws shut to prevent the animal from sinking. The wales are finally towed to share and cut into pieces _____54____ traditional ritual. The blubber and meat is distributed among Makah families. No part of the whale can be sold ____55_____, although artifacts that Makah carvers make from bones are often available for purchase. 41. A. guides B. ignores C. means D. admires 42. A. provided B. separated C. consumed D. wasted 43. A. decreased B. increased C. counted D. divided 44. A. artificial B. theoretical C. spiritual D. physical 45. A. issues B. versions C. subjects D. requests 46. A. put B. transferred C. printed D. woven 47. A. extinction B. collapse C. destruction D. disaster 48. A. simple B. moderate C. aggressive D. temporary 49. A. contributed to B. added to C. referred to D. responded to 50. A. abundance B. disappearance C. diversity D. familiarity 51. A. demanded B. avoided C. retained D. guaranteed 52. A. scheduled B. continued C. stopped D. described 53. A. convenient B. traditional C. practical D. proper 54. A. in accordance withB.as a result of C. in place of D. at the cost of 55. A. globally B. secretly C. commercially D. cheaply keys: 41-45 CAACC 46-50 DACAB 51-55 DABAC 文章大意：Makah 和鲸的关系 词汇积累： 1. bestow: bestow sth on sb. 授予 2. generous with：对...慷慨 3. on the brink of：在...的边缘 4. conservation measures：保护措施 5. a cultural resurgence：文化复苏 6. resume hunting whales：重新开始捕鲸 7. harpoon：鱼叉 8. traditional ritual: 传统的仪式 9. tow：拖拽 10. subject：（绘画摄影等的）题材 11. in accordance with：依照；与...一致 in the place of：代替 周练卷八 You already know that colors can suggest a mood or attitude, but do you know that color is a ___41___ that can persuade us to buy things? According to some researches, color can be up to 85 percent of the reason we ___42___ to purchase something. Smart marketers know: Color ___43___! “Right” colors make products “better” Colors ___44___ how we feel about the food we eat. For example, orange juice with ___45___ orange color was preferred over naturally colored orange juice and was thought to be sweeter. In the case of ___46___, color also plays a role. Have you ever noticed that pink is often used as the color of face creams? That’s for a good reason. In a research study, some women were given pink and white face creams, which were ___47___ except for their color. One hundred percent of the women said that the pink face creams were more effective and ___48___ on sensitive skin. More colorful, more personalized We need not only good quality products, but personalized ones. This urges manufacturers to make their products more and more “colorful”. Take M&M’s Milk Chocolate Candies for example. Having a packet of M&M’s candies in ___49___, choosing which ones to eat first according to their colors -- many of us probably have had such experience. A variety of colors is the ___50___ of the classic candies. Now they have come with even more custom colors that will be sure to “___51___ in your mouth, not in your hand!” Gold, silver, pink and many other colors are available to choose from. Eating such candies must be a ___52___ “sweet” experience. Another successful color marketing example is Apple’s iPod. Does Apple have ___53___ MP3 technology? Maybe, but that’s not the point, marketing experts say. What makes the iPod so successful is “the ___54___ that makes it easy for people to express themselves through color choices.” The fourth generation of iPod Nano features nine colors -- pink, red, orange, yellow and so on. Color, as a personal statement, adds a touch of ___55___ to the MP3 player. 41. A. sign B. therapy C. tool D. phenomenon 42. A. decide B. cause C. refuse D. swear 43. A. advertises B. sells C. claims D. exclaims 44. A. reflect B. recall C. influence D. stimulate 45. A. enhanced B. developed C. strengthened D. addicted 46. A. fashion B. cosmetics C. physiology D. psychology 47. A. ideal B. smooth C. identical D. ripe 48. A. efficient B. influential C. practical D. milder 49. A. mind B. mouth C. hand D. pocket 50. A. signature B. taste C. innovation D. signal 51. A. swallow B. digest C. chew D. melt 52. A. specially B. particularly C. normally D. unusually 53. A. inferior B. superior C. priority D. supportive 54. A. design B. color C. content D. system 55. A. humanity B. popularity C. individuality D. activity keys: 41-45 CABCA 46-50 BCDCA 51-55 DBBAC 文章大意：colour does sell! 词汇积累： 1. enhanced：增强的 2. signature: n. 鲜明特征，鲜明特色 3. particularly: 尤其，特别 例句：The restaurant is particularly popular with young people. 那家餐厅尤其受到年轻人的 欢迎。 4. specially: 专门地 例句：The boats are specially built for the disabled. 这些船是专门为残疾人制造的。