时政新闻+阅读理解 C
学习目标：1.了解时政内容 2.扩充阅读词汇，增强理解能力；
引入：
Translation:
1． 除非我们保持快速的经济增长，否则我们无法缩小我国与发达国家的差距。（maintain）
We can’t narrow / won’t be able to bridge the gap between our country and developed
countries unless we maintain fast economic growth.
2. 虽然他已制订了不玩游戏的目标，我想他很难改掉这个坏习惯，因为他打网络游戏有瘾。
（obsessively）
Though he has set a game-avoiding target, I think it difficult for him to get rid of the bad
habit because he plays online games obsessively.
3. 只要目的明确、努力工作，你所做的贡献迟早会得到承认。（recognize）
As long as you are purposeful and hardworking, your contribution will be recognized sooner
or later.
4. 虽然目标未达到，但是一个良好的基础已经奠定，因为能源节约问题受到前所未有的关
注。（unprecedented）
Though the goal was not achieved, a good foundation has been laid with unprecedented
attention paid to energy conversation.
5. 为了迎合公众的需求，室内体育馆将在老房子被拆迁掉的地方新建。（the public）
To cater to / To meet the needs of the public, an indoor stadium will be built where old
houses have been pulled down.
6. 虽然做志愿者意味着没有收入，但是就你从帮助别人中得到的满足而言，这工作还是很
有价值 的。（in terms of）
Though working as a volunteer means you don’t get paid, the work is of great value in
terms of the satisfaction you get from helping others.
7. 当我成年时，我父母除了给我更多责任外，也给了我更多自由。（responsibilities）
When I came of age / became an adult, my parents gave me more freedom along with /
besides more responsibilities.
8. 如果他开不起玩笑，那么意味着别人开他玩笑时他会生气。（joke）
If he can’t take a joke, it means that he gets annoyed / he is offended when others make a
joke about him.
9. 汤姆付完账单后，可开支的钱所剩无几。（disposable）
After Tom paid / settled all his bills, he did not have much disposable money left.
10. 如果你能领会老师给的有关即将来临的测验的暗示，你肯定能考出好成绩。（hints）
If you can take the hints given by your teacher about the upcoming / approaching test, you
will for sure get good marks / for certain ace it.
Passage 1
The Seoul city government said on Tuesday it will cancel the license of the Shincheonji
Church due to its responsibility in the large-scale spread of the COVID-19 in the country.
According to the local government, Shincheonji is believed to be accountable for the
damage it caused to the public and has decided to revoke its legal entity license by law. So
far, over half of the confirmed cases in the country are related to the religious group.
由于新天地教会导致新冠肺炎大规模传播，首尔市政府周二表示将取缔其执照。据当地政府，
新天地教会应当承当给公众带来伤害的责任并决定吊销其执法人执照。截止到目前为止，韩
国过半的确诊病例均与新天地教会有关
Vocabulary and useful expressions
large－scale spread 大规模传播
be accountable for 对…负责
revoke 撤回；取缔；吊销
legal entity license 合法人执照
passage 2
The Iranian health minister on Thursday said all schools, universities and educational institutions
will remain closed until March 20 as the total number of confirmed COVID-19 cases rose to 3,513
in the country, Iranian state TV reported.
伊朗卫生部门周四表示所有的中小学，大学及培训机构将停课至 3 月 20 日。伊朗国家电视
台报道伊朗境内新冠肺炎确诊数量已经增加至 3513 例。
remain closed until March 20 停课至 3 月 20 日
total number of 总数量为….
知识点 1： 考题类型总结
阅读理解常考题型和解题技巧归纳
1、主旨题
解题关键：
1）通读全文，重视首段，注意每段第一句话（尤其是论述性或说明性文章）；
2) 归纳文章的段落大意，把握文章总体；
3）（记叙文）重视重要情节、人物及事物特征；
4）注意观察，找准贯穿上下文的关键词汇；
5）重视题干中的关键词汇：main idea, the best title, the writer mainly wants to tell (or:
show)。
2、推断题
I. 常见的推理判断题的设问方式：
推测作者写作目的或意图的设题形式有：
1) The purpose in writing this text is to __________.
2) The author writes this passage to __________.
3) The author in this passage intends to __________.
推测文章的观点或结论的设题形式有：
1) It can be inferred from the passage that __________.
2) What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?
3) From the passage we can conclude that __________.
推断文章出处的设题形式有：
1) The passage is most likely to be taken from_________.
2) Where would this passage most probably appear?
3) The passage is most likely a part of_________.
是非判断题的设题方式：
1) which of the following is（not）true or false ?
2) All of the following statements are wrong except _____.
3) All of the following statements are right/true except _____.
4) Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage /text?
II. 推理判断题的推理原则----在文中有依据，但不能是原句， 即为言外之意！细节类表述
非答案。
3、词义推测题
考查根据材料背景和上下文等线索推测词、句的确切含义的能力。这类试题包括对生词
生义的推测、熟词生义的推测、以及对 it/they/them 等代词的确指对象的判断等。
基本的技巧：
1. 根据词或词组的指代对象确定其词义
2. 根据文段中出现的同义、近义或反义词（词组）的意思进行判断
3. 根据下文的举例或解释推测词义
4. 根据逻辑关系进行判断
5. 根据同位结构进行判断
6. 根据句子结构进行判断
7. 根据构词法猜词义
4、细节题
细节题的解题要点是一定要对应到语篇中相应的语句，找到问题的出处。“找到即做到”
是细节题的解题秘钥。
知识点 2： 长难句结构分析最新经典句
1. The American economic system is. organized around a basically private-enterprise,
market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced
byspending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want
most.
[参考译文]美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费
者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出
来。
2. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled
with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize
their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used
to produce it.
[参考译文]因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望
和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用
来制造它们。
3. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will
tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and
permit more consumers to buy the product.
[参考译文]另一方面，如果大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖方和
制造商能提供的供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消费者购买产品。
4. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the
ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine
the price of a product or? ?to make a free contract with another private individual.
[参考译文]在美国经济中，私有财产的概念不仅包含对生产资源的所有权，也指其他一些特
定的权利，如确定一个产品价格和与另一个私人个体(经济单位)自由签定合同的权利。
5. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employers
are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly.
And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns.
[参考译文]同时这些计算机记录下哪些时间是最忙的，哪些员工工作效率最高，这样就能相
应地做出人员人事安排。而且它们(计算机)也能为促销活动找到那些拥有优先权的顾客。
6. Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas
and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers
through the use of computers.
[参考译文]不计其数的其他商业企业，从剧院到杂志出版商，从公用燃气电力设施到牛奶处
理厂，都通过计算机的使用给消费者带来更好、更有效率的服务。
7. Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age For
these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to
those differences.
[参考译文]残疾儿童在许多关键方面都与其同龄人不同。为了让这些孩子发展其全部的成人
后的潜能，他们的教育必须适应这些不同。
8. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past
three??decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their
special??conditions, deserve? ?the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.
[参考译文]在过去的 30 年中，公共教育中显示的对残疾儿童的巨大关注表明了我们社会中
的一种中强烈的情绪，那就是所有的公民，不管其情况有多特殊，都应享有充分发展其能力
的机会。
9. It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby
establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export
at??competitive prices.
[参考译文]它(广告)能够直接帮助货物以比较合理的价格被迅速分销出去，因此可以(使公司)
建立一个坚固的国内市场，同时也使以具有竞争力的价格提供出口变得可能。
10. Apart from the fact that twenty-seven acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising,
no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his
advertisements.
[参考译文]除去议会有 27 件法案来规范广告的条件，没有任何一个正式的广告商敢于推销
一种商品却不能兑现其在广告中的承诺。
（2）解题思路
能力培养—如何提高阅读速度
理解的正确率和速度是阅读成败的关键，提高英语阅读速度可从以下几方面入手：
1、统览全篇摘要点
阅读理解是对整个文章的目的、意图、观点、立场、态度以及内在的逻辑关系的理解，
而不是断章取义的一孔之见。在统览全篇的同时要注意要点的摘录，因为一些显性的答案是
可以从要点中直接回答，而隐性的答案则是要通过对全篇的理解才能得出。统览全篇，摘录
要点亦有利于检查时节省时间。
2、注重长难句理解
遇到长句、复杂句，如果分析好句子成分，找到中心句、关键词、指代词等，这个问题
就会被很好地解决。难句多为长句，即主从复合句、主从并列复合句或者从句中有多种形式
的定语、状语，有时伴有倒装、省略等现象。长句中通常包含并列、复合、倒装等结构，对
于这类句子要分清主次，先找主干。
例如：Parents whose children show a special interest in a particular sport have a difficult
decision to make about their children’s career.
先找出本句的主、谓、宾为 . 再找出修饰语“whose children show
a special interest in a particular sport”为 的定语从句，形容词“difficult”修
饰 ，“ to make about their children’s careers ” 为 不 定 式 和 介 词 短 语 做
的定语。经过分析，化整为零，化繁为简，此句就不难理解了。
3、分门别类识文体
阅读速度与其话题有很大的关系。如果话题是自己熟悉的内容，阅读速度自然加快；反
之，如果话题如果陌生，阅读速度便会很慢。所以扩大知识面，多掌握一些文化背景知识，
了解当今英语国家历史文化、人物传记、科技教育等方面的社会知识对提高阅读速度是极其
重要的。
不同文体阅读的要求与方法不尽相同。记叙文阅读主要抓四大要素，即时间、地点、人
物和事件的起因、发展和结果，以及人物之间的关系、表现，从中分析他们思想品质、性格
特征等；议论文是阐明作者对人或事的好坏的立场观点，因此在阅读时必须正确把握文章的
论点和论据，理清论证思路，再进行逻辑推理得出结论；应用文是最贴近日常生活的文体，
它包括通知、广告、便条、申请书、个人简历，形式多样，题材各异，如图示、表格、地址、
网址等，对这类文体的阅读应简明扼要地抓住所需信息，理解文章内容。
4、利用词缀猜词意
高中英语学科教学基本要求规定：学生能根据上下文推测词义，并能不借助词典读懂含
有 3%生词的语言材料。换言之，这就是促使知识内化的过程，要通过知识内化将内隐的心
理活动转换为外显的行为。
根据构词法猜测词意：
前缀 un-表反义词，如 happy、unhappy，fair、unfair，important、unimportant 等。
后缀-ment 表名词，如 develop、development，state、statement，argue、argument
等。
后缀-er、-or 或-ist 表同源名词，如 calculate、calculator，visit、visitor，law、lawyer，
wait、waiter，science、scientist，art、artist 等。
5、限时训练不可少
任何一种技能的获得都必须经过大量的实践练习。在平时的阅读训练中，要注重进行限
时阅读训练，在平时的训练中有意识地锻炼自己的阅读速度。
另外，在做题时，从整体上把握、控制时间：一两处没弄懂的地方可以暂时搁置一边，
等把全部题答完了，再回过头来处理，往往会产生新的思路和新的灵感。
1，天文与科技
(C)
A group of college students is hoping to place a satellite powered only by water into an
orbit (轨道) around the moon.
The students are from Cornell University in the state of New York. They are taking part
in a competition called the Cube Quest Challenge. It is a program of NASA, the American
space agency. The Cornell team is called the CisLunar Explorers. The word cislunar means
“between the earth and the moon.”
The challenge is simple: to design, build and deliver “light-qualified, small satellites.”
NASA officials say the satellites must be able to perform “advanced operations near and
beyond the moon.”
Ten teams are taking part in the competition. But the CisLunar Explorer satellites are
different. They are the only ones using water to power their spacecraft.
The idea for a water-powered vehicle came from Mason Peck, who works at Cornell
University. He once worked as NASA’s chief technologist. He has always wanted to use
something other than rockets to push spacecraft beyond earth. “A lot of the mass we send
into orbit these days is in the form of rockets -- the only way we get anything into space,”
he said, in a Cornell press release. “But what if we could use what’s already there? If we
could do that, if we could re-fuel spacecraft while they are already in space...”
The spacecraft is shaped like the English letter L. It measures about 30 centimeters in
length, and the two pieces are connected. Water is stored in the lower part of the satellite.
The sun will separate the water into two elements: hydrogen and oxygen. When one
combines hydrogen and oxygen with a spark（火花）, an explosion results. This provides a
forward movement, known as thrust.
The CisLunar Explorer team has an unusual way to guide its spacecraft. The idea is to
copy how old-time sailors used the moon, sun and stars to fix their position on the oceans.
The satellite is equipped with cameras. The cameras will take pictures of the sun, the earth
and the moon and compare their positions and their sizes. Based on where the sun, moon
and earth are at any given time, the CisLunar Explorers will do the mathematics to find their
position.
The competition is being held in four parts. The Cornell team has been among the top
three competitors during parts one and two. The winners of the third stage will be
announced in about a month. The final three winners will be announced in early 2017. They
will get to ride on NASA’s space launch system in early 2018.
63. The essential part of the competition ''the Cube Quest Challenge is__________ .
A. toTaunch a satellite to take a watery flight to the moon
B. to design, build and deliver a small and flight-qualified satellite
C. to place a satellite powered only by water into an orbit around the moon
D. to make the satellite perform advanced operations near and beyond the moon
64. What does Mason Peck want to do at Cornell University according to the passage?
A. To stop using rockets for the sake of safety.
B. To use something already in space as power.
C. To try using water in space to push spacecraft.
D. To design a water-powered vehicle to push spacecraft.
65. It can be inferred from the passage that____.
A. there is a lot of rubbish of rockets and satellites in the orbit these days
B. a water-powered satellite will soon be sent into the orbit around the moon
C. the explosion of the combination of hydrogen and oxygen provides power
D. the team members of the CisLunar Explorers are the students of Mason Peck
66. What would be the best title of the passage?
A. A Spacecraft Powered by Water
B. A Water-Powered Flight to the Moon
C. A Competition for Water-Powered Satellite
D. A Design of Water-Powered Space Journey
DBCA
(C)
On December 14, NASA (National Aeronautics and Space) blasted a small but mighty
telescope into space. The telescope is called WISE and is about as wide around as a trashcan.
Don't let its small size fool you: WISE has a powerful digital camera, and it will be taking
pictures of some the wildest objects in the known universe, including asteroids, faint stars,
blazing galaxies3 and giant clouds of dust where planets and stars are born.
“I'm very excited because we're going to be seeing parts of the universe that we haven't
seen before,” said Ned Wright, a scientist who directs the WISE project.
Since arriving in space, the WISE telescope has been circling the Earth, held by gravity in a
polar orbit( this means it crosses close to the north and south poles with each lap(一圈). Its
camera is pointed outward, away from the Earth, and WISE will snap a picture of a different
part of the sky every 11 minutes. After six months it will have taken pictures across the entire
sky.
The pictures taken by WISE won't be like everyday digital photographs, however. WISE
stands for “Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. ” As its name suggests, the WISE camera
takes pictures of features that give off infrared radiation.
Radiation is energy that travels as a wave. Visible light, including the familiar spectrum of
Light(光谱) that becomes visible in a rainbow, is an example of radiation. When an ordinary
digital camera takes a picture of a tree, for example, it receives the waves of visible light that
are reflected off the tree. When these waves enter the camera through the lens, they're
processed by the camera, which then puts the image together.
Waves of infrared radiation are longer than waves of visible light, so ordinary digital
cameras don't see them, and neither do the eyes of human beings. Although invisible to the
eye, longer infrared radiation can be detected as warmth by the skin.
That's a key idea to why WISE will be able to see things other telescopes can't.
Not everything in the universe shows up in visible light. Asteroids, for example, are giant
rocks that float through space — but they absorb most of the light that reaches them. They
don't reflect light, so they're difficult to see. But they do give off infrared radiation, so an
infrared telescope like WISE will be able to produce images of them. During its mission WISE
will take pictures of hundreds of thousands of asteroids.
Brown dwarfs（褐矮星） are another kind of deep-space object that will show up in WISE's
pictures. These objects are“failed”stars — which means they are not massive enough to
jump start9 the same kind of reactions that power stars such as the sun. Instead, brown
dwarfs simply shrink and cool down. They're so dim that they're almost impossible to see
with visible light, but in the infrared spectrum they glow.
74. What is so special about WISE?
A. Its digital camera can help astronomers to see the unknown space.
B It is as small as a trashcan.
C. It is small in size but carries a large camera.
D Never before has a telescope carried a digital camera in space.
75. The camera on WISE_________.
A. is no different from an ordinary camera.
B. does not see infrared radiation while the ordinary camera does.
C. catches the infrared radiation while the ordinary camera does not.
D. reflects light that human eyes can see.
76. Which of the following is NOT correct about"asteroids" according to paragraph 7?
A. Asteroids do not reflect light that reaches them.
B. Asteroids float through space giving off visible light.
C. It is difficult to take asteroids' pictures by ordinary cameras.
D. The WISE telescope can take pictures of asteroids
77.What is implied in the last paragraph?
A. Brown dwarfs give off visible light.
B. Brown dwarfs are power stars like the sun.
C. Brown dwarfs give off infrared radiation.
D. Brown dwarfs are impossible to see with the WISE telescope.
【Keys】74－79 ADBC
2，经济类
(C)
（1）What does it say about the future of meat when the country’s largest processor
of chicken, pork, and beef buys a stake(股份) in a start-up that aims to “perfectly replace
animal protein with plant protein”?
（2）Tyson Foods announced this week that it purchased a 5 percent stake in Beyond
Meat, the Southern California-based food-tech start-up that made headlines earlier this
year with its veggie burger that reportedly cooks and tastes like real beef.
（3）To be sure, Beyond Meat’s meatless creations have yet to take the country by
storm. Although the 100 percent plant-based burgers have achieved plenty of positive press
since they appeared for the first time in May, so far they’re only available at Whole Foods
stores in seven states. Even though the company’s “chicken” strips, “beef” pies, and
meatless frozen dinners are available nationwide, Beyond Meat is hardly a household name.
（4）That may be what makes the news of Tyson’s investment all the more noteworthy.
While the two companies declined to give details about the deal, it is doubtful that Tyson’s
5 percent stake made much of dent(凹陷) in the meat giant’s coffers(金库). The company
posted $41.4 billion in sales last year, prior to the deal with Tyson, Beyond Meat had
reportedly raised $64 million in project capital funding-about what Tyson earns before lunch
on any given day.
（5）Tyson is doing pretty great. The company reported record third-quarter earnings
per share in August and says that it expects overall meat production to increase 2 to 3
percent during the next financial year. But like a big oil company shelling out cash to invest
in wind power, Tyson’s toe-in-the-water move to team up with a start-up devoted to
bringing more plant-based protein to American dinner tables seems to suggest the meat
industry is starting to see which way the winds are blowing.
（ 6 ） Sales of plant-based protein, which totaled an estimated $5 billion last year,
continue to pale compared with market for meat in America-but vegetarian alternatives to
meat are booming, with sales growing at more than double the rate for food products
overall. The steady drumbeat of news about the negative health impacts, environmental
problems, and animal welfare concerns associated with meat consumption appears to be
sinking in. According to a survey released in April, more than half Americans surveyed said
they plan to eat more plant-based foods in the coming year.
63. Beyond Meat’s veggie burger made headlines probably because __________.
A. it makes perfect use of animal protein
B. it uses high tech in the making process
C. it tastes as good as a genuine beef burger
D. it represents the diet trend in South California
64. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the state of Beyond Meat?
A. It is the creator of the country’s first 100 percent plant-based burgers.
B. It has been well received as its products are available nationwide.
C. It is far from being a match to real food processing giants like Tyson.
D. It provides high-quality dining experience in selected Whole Foods stores.
65. What can we infer from paragraph 4?
A. The purchase of the stake barely costs a thing for Tyson.
B. The 5 percent stake in Beyond Meat means a lot to Tyson.
C. Tyson’s investment hasn’t caught the attention of the media as expected
D. Tyson is relying on this investment to raise more project capital funding.
65. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Meat will still take over the market in spite of other alternatives
B. A major American meat company is betting on plant-based protein
C. Tyson and Beyond Meat work together to build a global meat giant.
D. Plants have been found to contain protein that does more good to human beings
CCAB
(C)
For the most part, it seems, workers in rich countries have little to fear from globalization,
and a lot to gain. But is the same thing true for workers in poor countries? The answer is that
they are even more likely than their rich-country counterparts (地位相当的人) to benefit,
because they have less to lose and more to gain.
Traditional economics takes an optimistic line on integration (整合) and the developing
countries. Openness to foreign trade and investment should encourage capital to flow to
poor economies. In the developing world, capital is scarce, so the returns on investment
there should be higher than in the industrialized countries, where the best opportunities to
make money by adding capital to labour have already been used up. If poor countries lower
their barriers to trade and investment, the theory goes, rich foreigners will want to send over
some of their capital.
If this inflow of resources arrives in the form of loans or portfolio investment (组合投资),
it will top up domestic savings and loosen the financial restriction on additional investment
by local companies. If it arrives in the form of new foreign-controlled operations, FDI, so
much the better: this kind of capital brings technology and skills from abroad packaged
along with it, with less financial risk as well. In either case, the addition to investment ought
to push incomes up, partly by raising the demand for labour and partly by making labour
more productive.
This is why workers in FDI-receiving countries should be in an even better position to
profit from integration than workers in FDI-sending countries. Also, with or without inflows
of foreign capital, the same gains from trade should apply in developing countries as in rich
ones. This gains from trade logic often arouses suspicion, because the benefits seem to
come from nowhere. Surely one side or the other must lose. Not so. The benefits that a rich
country gets through trade do not come at the expense of its poor country trading partners,
or vice versa. Recall that according to the theory, trade is a positive sum game. In all these
trades, both sides—exporters and importers, borrowers and lenders, shareholders and
workers can gain.
74. Why are workers in poor countries more likely to benefit from the process of globalization?
A. They can get more chances to gain a good job.
B. They can get more financial aid.
C. They have nothing to lose.
D. They have less to lose and more to gain.
75. What can be the final result of the inflow of the resource?
A. It will top up domestic savings.
B. It will loosen the financial restriction.
C. It will push people’s incomes up.
D. It will bring technology and skills from abroad.
76. What can we know from the last paragraph?
A. Poor countries get the most profit during the process of trade.
B. Rich countries get profit from trade at poor countries’ expense.
C. Poor countries get more profit from trade than rich ones.
D. All aspects involved in the trade can get benefit.
77. Which can be the most appropriate title for this passage?
A. Benefited or Hurt B. Who Benefits the Most
C. Helping the Poor D. The Inflow of Resources
【Keys】74-77 DCDB
3，人文与文学
(C)
Spain’s Literary Genius
Four centuries ago, the author of one of the greatest comedic characters in the world
literature took his last breath. Miguel de Cervantes (1547-1616), the author of Don Quixote,
is to the Spanish what Shakespeare is to the English and Dante is to Italians - a national
literary icon.
Cervantes’ book is still appreciated today, hundreds of years after its publication,
because it’s a wonderfully truthful comedy. Don Quixote, like human beings generally, has
great difficulty distinguishing reality from imagination. Readers may laugh at his strange
behavior, but when we laugh, we laugh with recognition.
The book records the adventures of Alonso Quijano, an older Spanish gentleman who
loves romance novels. In truth, he reads far too many romances, and they have affected his
mind. Quijano is so mixed up that he decides that he must become a knight himself. Imagine
a comic book fan who decides to dress up as a superhero to fight crime, and you’ll get the
picture.
Setting the scene
Alonso Quijano reinvents himself as “Don Quixote de La Mancha”, an aristocratic（贵
族的）name that suits his ambition of being a knight. Next, since every knight needs a horse,
he finds himself an old one named Rocinante. But Rocinante is not exactly cut out for life as a
knight’s horse. He’s tired from years of farm work. He’s unlikely to be of much help in
any fight against an enemy.
The heroes in the romances Quijano reads all had a lady to love. They were highborn,
like the knights themselves. Quijano chooses Aldonza Lorenzo, a farmer’s daughter, to be
his beloved. She becomes “Dulcinea del Toboso”, or “the sweet woman of Toboso”.
How does Aldonza feel about Quijano’s attentions? She doesn’t feel much at all, actually.
Aldonza is yet another byproduct of Quijano’s imagination, like so many things.
Finding a sidekick
Now comes Cervantes’ second great creation: Sancho Panza. Once servant in
Quijano’s house, Panza is promoted to the role of squire （ 随 从 ） , because every
self-respecting knight needs a squire. Panza has a sensible head on his shoulders, and he is a
foil（衬托）to his foolish master.
The pair faces many adventures, but none are as heroic as a knight’s should be. We
laugh, rather than cry, as we read. Quijano tries to act on behalf of justice, but he doesn’t
often succeed.
Cervantes’ novel inspired a word that sums up Quijano’s romantic nature:
“quixotic”. In English we use the word to describe someone who is idealistic but foolish in
pursuit of his ideals. It is a mark of Cervantes’ genius that he was able to identify this trait
and personify it using such a great comedic character. We should appreciate him for it on
this significant occasion.
63. On what occasion did the author write this review?
A. The 400th anniversary of the publication of Don Quixote.
B. An Italian Poet, Dante’s 800th birth anniversary.
C. An English genius, William Shakespeare’s 400th death anniversary.
D. Miguel de Cervantes’ 400th anniversary of his death.
64. Which role is Alonso Quijano most likely to identify with?
A. Miguel de Cervantes. B. Don Quixote de La Mancha.
C. Dulcinea del Toboso. D. Sancho Panza.
65. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Don Quixote’s failure of distinguish reality from imagination amuses the readers.
B. Quijano manages to bring justice to the world by means of force.
C. Quijano is a Spanish aristocrat with great ambition.
D. Reading romance novel will make people behave in a foolish way.
66. According to the author, readers admire Cervantes and his masterpiece
because .
A. Cervantes is equal to Shakespeare and Dante as a national literary icon
B. Quijano’s adventure is romantic and heroic
C. Cervantes has a genius for personifying Quijano’s quixotic nature in a truthful
comedy.
D. Quijano’s vivid imagination has brought other minor characters to life
DBAC
(C)
Books, Films and Plays
The novelist’s medium is the written word. One might almost say the printed word.
Typically the novel is consumed by a silent, individual reader, who may be anywhere at the
time. The paperback novel is still the cheapest, most portable and adaptable form of
narrative entertainment. It is limited to a single channel of information - writing. The
narrative can go, effortlessly, anywhere: into space, people’s head, palaces, prisons and
pyramids, without any consideration of cost or practical possibility. In determining the shape
and content of his narrative, the writer is restricted by nothing except purely artistic
criteria(评判标准). The novelist keeps absolute control over his text until it is published and
received by the audience. He may be advised by his editor to revise his text, but if the writer
refused to meet this condition no one would be surprised. It is not unknown for a
well-established novelist to deliver his or her manuscript(手稿) and expect the publisher to
print it exactly as written.
However, not even the most well-established playwright or screenplay writer would
submit(提交) a script and expect it to be performed without any rewriting. This is because
plays and motion pictures are cooperative forms of narrative, using more than one channel
of communication.
The production of a stage play involves, as well as the words of the author, the physical
presence of the actors, their voices and gestures, the “set” and possibly music. Although
the script is the essential basis of both stage play and film, it is a basis for subsequent
revision negotiated between the writer and the other creative people involved. They are
given “approval” of the choice of director and actors and have the right to attend
rehearsals(排演), during which period they may undertake more rewriting work. In the case
of the screenplay, the writer may have little or no control over the final form of his work.
Contracts for the production of plays protect the rights of authors in this respect.
In film or television work, on the other hand, the screenplay writer has no contractual
right to this degree of consultation. While the script is going through its various drafts, the
writer is in the driver’s seat, although sometimes receiving criticism from the producer and
the director. But once the production is under way, artistic control over the project tends to
pass to the director. This is a fact overlooked by most journalistic critics of television drama,
who tend to give all the credit or blame for success or failure of a production to the writer
and actors, ignoring the contribution, for good or ill, of the director.
63. From the first and second paragraph, we know that ________.
A. there should be artistic criteria for the novelists to follow
B. playwright or screenplay writers often have to rewrite their work
C. compared with playwrights, novelists are relatively independent
D. audience sometimes are the key factors to determine artistic criteria
64. Why can the novelist expect the publisher to print the manuscript exactly as written?
A. Because the novelist keeps absolute control over his text.
B. Because the words in the novel are not difficult for readers.
C. Because the novel is limited to a single channel of information - writing.
D. Because the novelist is seldom advised by editors to revise the text.
65. Which of the following statements is True according to the passage?
A. Playwrights envy the simplicity of the novelist’s work.
B. Experience in the theatre improves the work of screenplay writers.
C. Screenplay writers usually have the final say in how a TV drama will turn out.
D. Playwrights are frequently involved in revising their work.
66. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Screenplay writers should take the success of television drama in their hands.
B. Screenplay writers should be more sensitive about their contractual right.
C. The directors play a decisive role in the final outcome of television drama.
D. Critics of television drama tend to neglect the importance of writer and actors.
63-66. CCDC
课堂训练：
4，社会演变
（C）
To live in the United States today is to gain an appreciation for
Dahrendorf’sdeclaration that social change exists everywhere. Technology, the application
of knowledge for practical ends, is a major source of social change.
Yet we would do well to remind ourselves that technology is human creation; it does not
exist naturally. A spear or a robot is as much a cultural as a physical object. Until humans use
a spear to hunt game or a robot to produce machine parts, neither is much more than a
solid mass of matter. For a bird looking for an object on which to rest, a spear or robot
serves the purpose equally well. The explosion of the Challenger space shuttle and the
Russian nuclear accident at Chernobyl drive home the human quality of technology; they
provide cases in which well-planned systems suddenly went haywire and there was no
ready hand to set them right. Since technology is a human creation, we are responsible for
what is done with it. Pessimists worry that we will use our technology eventually to blow our
world and ourselves to pieces. But they have been saying this for decades, and so far we
have managed to survive and even flourish. Whether we will continue to do so in the years
ahead remains uncertain. Clearly, the impact of technology on our lives deserves a closer
examination.
Few technological developments have had a greater impact on our lives than the
computer revolution. Scientists and engineers have designed specialized machines that can
do the tasks that once only people could do. There are those who declare that the switch to
an information-based economy is in the same camp as other great historical milestones,
particularly the Industrial Revolution. Yet when we ask why the Industrial Revolution was a
revolution, we find that it was not the machines. The primary reason why it was revolutionary
is that it led to great social change. It gave rise to mass production and, through mass
production, to a society in which wealth was not restricted to the few.
In somewhat similar fashion, computers promise to revolutionize the structure of
American life particularly as they free the human mind and open new possibilities in
knowledge and communication. The Industrial Revolution supplemented and replaced the
muscles of humans and animals by mechanical methods. The computer extends this
development to supplement and replace some aspects of the mind of human beings by
electronic methods. It is the capacity of the computer for solving problems and making
decisions that represents its greatest potential and that poses the greatest difficulties in
predicting the impact on society.
63. Why does the author give the examples of the Challenger and Chernobyl?
A. To show that technology could be used to destroy our world.
B. To stress the author’s concern about the safety of complex technology.
C. To prove that technology usually goes wrong, if not controlled by man.
D. To demonstrate that being a human creation, technology is likely to make an error.
64. What does the phrase“wenthaywire” in paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A. were out of range B. went out of date
C. fell out of use D. got out of control
65. According to the author, the introduction of the computer is a revolution mainly
because _________________.
A. the computer has revolutionized the workings of the human mind
B. the computer can do the tasks that could only be done by people before
C. it has helped to switch to an information technology
D. it has a great potential impact on society
66. In the passage, the author clearly shows his_________________.
A. keen insight into the nature of technology
B. sharp criticism of the role of the Industrial Revolution
C. thorough analysis of the replacement of the human mind by computers
D. comprehensive description of the negative consequences of technology
ABC
(C)
France，which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion
industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave
preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin
models on runways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive
thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.
Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be
defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin
models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death –as some
have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends
women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine
their individual worth.
The bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should
not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should
look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size
zero or wasp-waist physiques.
The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a
culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a
fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in
a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.
The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material
adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other
countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more
on peer pressure for enforcement.
In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on
rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly
revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states:”We are aware of and take
responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young
people”. The charter’s main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and
modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion Week (CFW), which is run by the Danish Fashion
Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and -shame method of compliance.
Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may
be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material
standards of a particular industry.
63. According to the first paragraph，what would happen in France?
A. Physical beauty would be redefined.
B. New catwalks would be constructed.
C. Websites about dieting would boom.
D. The fashion industry would decline.
64. The phrase “impinging on”(Line 2，Para.2) is closest in meaning to
A. increasing the value of
B. indicating the state of
C. losing faith in
D. doing harm to
65. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry?
A. The French measures have already failed.
B. New standards are being set in Denmark.
C. Models are no longer under peer pressure.
D. Its inherent problems are getting worse.
66. Which of the following may be the best title of the text?
A. Just Another Struggle for Beauty
B. A Prospect for the Starving models in France
C. A Challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals
D. Threats to the Fashion Industry
ADBC
5，论证与说理
(C)
From winning a complex war to developing a life-saving drug: there are so many
things that can only be achieved if people work together in harmony. They can then achieve
impressive performances that also benefit the individual. So, why do colleagues or others so
often make things difficult for another? Experimental research carried out by De Dreu has
shown that greed and fear are the basic reasons determining problems with teamwork.
“People are afraid that their contribution will mainly benefit those people who themselves
contribute nothing. That’s why people hold back and invest in self-protection rather than
cooperation.
De Dreu examined the strategies people use to maximize the benefits for themselves
and to reduce the risk of being exploited. He conducts experiments where the participants
can invest in self-protection or attacks on others, or they can choose to do nothing. When
motivated by greed, people seem to invest mainly in self-protection and less in attacks on
others. “Fear is almost always present as a brake on cooperation, but it’s more difficult to
predict when greed will crop up.” The puzzle is that fear among rival groups tends to result
in people working better together. “It seems to happen almost automatically, often without
it even being discussed.”
As Professor of Employment and Organization Psychology at the University of
Amsterdam, De Dreu has conducted a lot of research on cooperation within organizations. In
Leiden he intends to approach the subject at higher level of abstraction. “We know a lot
about what makes the best kind of leaders. Now I want to examine what our brain looks like
when we are working together. I am interested in that because cooperating with one another
relies on very basic systems that we also use for other tasks, such as child-raising.”
He intends to use brain scans to look at which neurohormones(神经激素) play a role in
cooperation, such as the “ hug hormones(荷尔蒙)” oxytocin(催生素). Is more oxytocin
produced administering an amount of this hormones? “This neurobiological approach has
only really been used by psychologists in the past five years, and there are a lot of important
research questions that have to be answered.”
De Dreu draws attention to his multidisciplinary approach. He is also interested in the
effect of such “institutions” as religion and legislation because these have an obvious
influence on our behavior. He will be working together with fellow scientists from other
disciplines: sociologists, political scientists, legal specialists, religious experts and also
biologists who will be examining the behavior of rats, for examples.
De Dreu doesn’t exclude the possibility that he will again be conducting some of his
research in organizations. Until then he would welcome any managers would be willing to
take part in his neurobiological research. “I would love it if a lot of managers were willing to
have scans while making decisions about their companies. But then they’d have to come in
their masses, and that’s not to easy to achieve.”
63. What does the phrase “child-raising” in Paragraph 3 refer to ?
A. One of the basic systems that we work with one another.
B. One of the tasks our human beings need to be finished
C. One of the questions that people have to be answered
D. One of the examples lies in people’s self-protection
64. The experiments conducted by De Dreu imply the following statements
Except___________
A. Teamwork happens automatically if panic exists among rival groups.
B. People will invest in self-protection when driven by greed
C. Some basic systems in our brain helps us work eth one another
D. More oxytocin is produced when people maximize the benefits for themselves.
65. It can be inferred from the passage that the De Dreu uses a wide variety of methods to
research____________________.
A. what our brain looks like
B. why people don’t often cooperate in teamwork
C. how religious and rules work well together
D. how managers react in the scanner
66. Which of the following of the title?
A. Experiments on different people
B. Research on brain scans and role of religion
C. Greed and fear restrict cooperation
D. Hormone influences our behavior
63-66 ADBC
(C)
Not setting homework can be impossible in certain situations. There are many
arguments in favour of homework, and most teachers would agree with many, if not all, of
the following:homework is a perfect opportunity to go over calmly what was done with the
teacher, and rethink and develop that initial input; homework offers a moment for students
to work as individuals and develop learner self-governance outside the classroom;students
and parents expect homework to be set and to be corrected. Nevertheless, the drawbacks
that homework may have are often overlooked.
There are two key issues which need to be raised when dealing with the concept of
homework. Firstly, there is the question of home. Often homework os not done at home at
all, but at a friend’s house, on the street, on the bus on the way to class or sitting on the
step outside school before it opens. What’s more, all too often, for it to be done effectively
at home, homework requires the participation and involvement of other adults. Parents play
a crucial role in a child’s education, but they cann’t always be available, for a number of
very valid reasons, and a tutor’s ability to aid, guide, encourage and simply organize a son
or daughter’s study may be limited in many ways. The implication are unsetting: if
homework is crucial to success in class, some children have an automatic disability.
Considering the second part of the compound noun opens up further questions. If the
idea of home can be problematic, so too can the concept of work.
Again, this will depend enormously on the context but , very often there is a lot of work put
in. Demands on their time and attention span(持续时间)and all sorts of other impositions
mean homework is usually something to get out of the way, to be ticked off as done, with
the exercises completed as fast as possible. It is not always seen as useful times spent
developing and strengthening what is done in class but, rather, as something quickly finished
to keep the teacher at bay. It might be correct or not, copied from a friend or cut and pasted
from the internet, but the important thing is that a teacher sees the exercise completed and,
as a result, the task achieved: how much effort went into that result is not always appreciated
or easy to evaluate and, even
When work clearly falls below standard, and the mere fact of its having been done is often
good enough. Teacher and students are happy because everyone has officially fulfilled their
commitment.
The ideal that students go home, think back to what they did with their teacher, use the
great resources their books and the internet provide to revise, reflect and put everything
they have seen in class in place, into action, into practice, does not often happen with some
students.
62. Which of the following is not among the advantages of homework according to
paragraph 1?
A. Solidifying the knowledge and skills learnt in class.
B. Developing the ability of the independent learning.
C. Building a closer teacher-student relationship.
D. Meeting the requirements of students and parents.
63. Speaking of the significant impact of homework upon children’s success in class, some
are just
inferior to others because_______.
A. their tutors are not always available to support them
B. they are born without the ability to deal with concepts
C. their family circumstances limit their learning ability
D. some unknown reasons greatly hold up their progress
64.“Keep the teacher at bay”(paragragh3) means the way homework is done____.
A. imposes enormous meaningless evaluating work on teachers
B. blocks teachers from knowing more about their students
C. displays the great efforts students make to satisfy their teachers
D. shows achievements teachers expect to accomplish in their work
65. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Homework is hardly functioning as is naturally expected.
B. Parents need to stand away from their children’s homework.
C. Students prefer doing homework elsewhere instead of at home.
D. The quality of homework is usually teachers’first concern.
66.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage？
A. Are you ready for homework yet?
B. Is there a way out for homework?
C. Home and Work: it’s hard to combine.
D. Homework or No homework: it is your choice.
CCBAB
课后复习：
无论什么类型的短文,命题都是按照考试说明中规定的能力要求来进行的。考试说明中规定
的阅读理解能力有：理解主旨和要义；理解文中具体信息；根据上下文推断生词的词义；作
出简单判断和推理；理解文章的基本结构；理解作者的意图、观点和态度等。事实上,这些
也是阅读理解题的问题类型。
阅读理解题主要考查考生的概括能力、改述能力、判断能力、推理能力,还有语言知识(语法
和词汇)、语篇知识(如文章的段落与结构、信息的组织模式)和阅读策略(如 scanning,
skimming)的运用能力。
概括( generalize)就是作出笼统的陈述,而不考虑具体事例或细节。主旨要义类的题目就是考
查这种能力,它要求考生从首段和尾段中,或从主体段的开头或结尾处去找出具有概括性的表
述,或者根据主体段落中的具体信息用自己的话表述全文主旨。概括是一种抽象思维能力。
改述( paraphrase)在阅读理解问题中被用来考查对具体信息、段落大意或全文主后的理解。
选项中的正确答案不可能是语篇中的原话,而是对原话的改述,这样才能考查考生是否真正理
解原话的意义。
判断( judge)是读者根据文章中的已知信息(证据、前提等),经过严密的逻辑思考之后对某人
或某事形成自己观点的思维过程。判断一定要有客观依据,不是凭主观感觉胡乱猜测。广义
上说,考生做任何一个阅读理解题都是一个判断的过程。
推理( infer)是根据文章中的事实(fact)或前提条件( premise)得出结论的思维过程。无论判断
还是推理,都是一种逻辑思维过程。不能把判断和推理眼事实和前提本身混为一谈。事实是
可以证实的,前提是假设为正确的命题,两者都是判断和推理的基础。推断生词的词义和理解
作者的意图、观点和态度都是对推理能力的考查。
“理解文章的基本结构”这类问题是对英语语篇知识的考查。要注意的是,考试所用的语篇
有可能是从一个更长的语篇中截取出来的,因此,有时它的结构可能并不那么完整。
上述各类阅读理解题的题干也有一些规律可循。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several
questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C
and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you
have just read.
（A）
In the early 20th century,the valleys of South Wales boasted more than 600 coal mines，
and employed some 200,000 men in a region that ranked as the world's largest coal
exporter.But during the period of increasing industry losses,post-war governments first shut
down the state-owned mines,and by the end of the 1990s,only a handful remained.To a
generation of miners,a way of life seemed over for good.
Now,for the first time since the Thatcher era（撒切尔首相时代），British companies are
re-opening those old Welsh mines,hoping to supply nearby power plants and steel-works
with coal while competing against foreign competitors on prices,Two mines are already back
in operation.More may follow,with the promise of a few hundred jobs - welcome news in an
area where government attempts to introduce new high-tech industries to replace the dirty
old coal business have met with limited success.Unemployment in some of the worst hit
mining areas remains continuously high at 10 percent or more,with few jobs for the young in
many of the communities.
The reopening of Welsh mines reflects the rising global demand for energy,as well as
high oil and natural-gas prices.Compared with gas or oil,coal,once thought to be out of
favor,is plentiful and relatively cheap to find and exploit,and now accounts for 25 percent of
the world's energy consumption,up 2 percentage points since 2001.Result:prices are a
expected to more than double this year,to more than $300 a ton for the costliest coal.Coal Y
ports in Australia and South Africa are facing bottlenecks trying to meet the rising demand
from the biggest consumers,China and India.The demand is also reviving( 使 复 苏 ） the
fortunes of other coal businesses worldwide,including larger export mines in the United
States.
But regulatory procedures( 监 督 程 序 ） and start-up costs are too high for a small
businessman to start reopening old mines in Pennsylvania or West Virginia.Not so in
Wales,where there is little local opposition and a ready supply of labor in a region that never
quite managed to overcome the loss of the industry decades ago.Much of the available work
is low-paying,in shopping centers or stores.since the mines there shut down,thousands of
young people have left in search of work elsewhere.But Welsh miners can now earn far
above the national minimum wage of $12 per hour.Brian Thomas,a skilled worker in coal
industry,earns $1,2000 a week—— at least double what his salary would be in the
supermarket. “If I didn’t have this job I would probably be ranging shelves in the
supermarket,” he says.
56. The phrase “for good” in the paragraph means .
A. temporarily B.permanently C.automatically D.definitely
57. The main reason of reopening of coal mines in Wales is that .
A. the introduction of high-tech industries into the region is unsuccessful
B. Unemployment in the region should be solved as soon as possible
C. The global demand for energy is shooting up
D. The present government tries to recover the industry losses
58. The word“bottlenecks”in paragraph means .
A. traffic jams B.narrow entrances C.opponents D.obstacles
59. The direct result of the reopening of coal is that .
A. the prices of oil and gas begin to go down
B. Many laid-off workers have returned to their original positions
C. The wages in other industries have been raised accordingly
D. Coal mines in some states in the U.S. may be reopened as well
（B）
Shopping or the gym? If retail therapy(购物疗法) comes top every time, then you might
be the ideal candidate for mall-walking it's a fitness trend from the U.S.that now seems to be
catching on here. Losing pounds from your thighs(大腿), not your pocket, is the idea behind
mallercise.
It involves power-walking around shopping centres and marching upstairs and
escalators while doing a spot of window-shopping at the same time. So popular have such
sessions become in the u.s. and Canada that manufacturers now market special
mall-walker shoes" o give extra fraction(牵引) for smoother mall floors”.
Fans say the advantages of mall-walking include the fact that shopping malls are traffic
free, weather resistant and safe. It can also get you reasonably fit. A 30-minute speed walk
can bum around 200 calories. One of the first mall-walking schemes in the U.K. was at the
White Rose shopping centre in Leeds where groups have been meeting every weekday
morning since 2003
At the University of Calgary in Canada, physiologists looked at the effects of an
eight-week mall-walking programme on health and wellbeing. After two months, results
showed that the subjects were walking further and weighed less than when they
started.Perhaps more significantly, they displayed high self-motivation, with 63% of subjects
mall-walking three or more days a week.
In the Calgary study, the average age of those taking part was 66, which led the
researchers to suggest that it is the perfect activity for"older people looking for a safe, flat
place to improve their functional mobility, fitness and improve their sense of
independence.”
Another Canadian study revealed that shopping malls are the second most popular
walking site for people aged 45 and older, with more women likely to choose them as an
exercise destination than men. “For exercise to be successful in terms of weight loss and
improvements in health, it needs to be done regularly, ”says Dr Beckie Lang of the
Association for the Study of Obesity. “It actually doesn’t matter where you walk as long
you do it, and for many people this may be more accessible than a class at a gym.”
60. Which of the following does NOT relate to"mallercise"?
A .Saving money.
B .Gym going.
C .Losing weight
D .window-shopping.
61. According to the Calgary study, .
A .more women choose mall-walking as a way of exercise
B. mall-walking does more good to people in their 60’s
C. shopping malls are the most popular walking site for the elderly
D. mall-walking benefits old people both physically and mentally
62. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. The way people do mall-walking
B. The reason why people do mall-walking
C. The benefits of mall-walking
D. The problems with mall-walking.
63. The passage is written to .
A distinguish between"mallercise"and gym class
B. explore the history and development of mall-walking
C. introduce a new trend of exercising -mall-walking
D suggest ways for old people to stay physically young
(C)
It begins with a sudden feeling of envy. Next comes the anxiety. The self-doubt and the
upsetting sense of inadeguacy(不自信). Finally, those feelings fade away, leaving you full of
irritation(恼怒).
Whether it's triggered by laura's tweet from backstage at that popular band's concert
or joe's photos from his tropical island vacation. most regular users of social media will find
those feelings all too familiar. They are “symptoms” of FOMO, or “ fear of missing out.”
Today we are so concerned with one another through social networking sites that we
can't just be alone anymore. The fear of missing out-on something more run, more
exciting or better that's going on without you-is so strong that we can't “log out”.
Connected to this fear of missing out are these fake personas(伪装人格) we promote on
websites like Facebook. It is"fake"because we often present only the best side of our lives on
social networking sites-many (most?) of us censor（检查)what we post to our social media
profile these days. The people on Facebook are often simply their idealized selves, with a bit
of misery thrown in from time to time to “keep it real”. After all, who wants to
be"friends"with someone who’s always posting depressing status updates and who seems
to be doing nothing interesting in their lives?
How do we react to those feelings caused by FOMO? A New York Times reporter,Jenna
Wortham wrote about her friends story. The friend said she felt fine about her life-until she
saw other peoples Facebook updates showing their""lives. On those occasions, her
knee-jerk(下意识的) reaction was often to post an account of a cool thing she has done, or
to upload a particularly fun picture from her weekend. Doing that would make her feel better,
but it could trigger FON1 O in another unsuspecting(无戒心的) person.
And that's, in fact, how it works. Caterina Fake, co-founder of photo-sharing service
Flickr, said “Social software is both the creator and the cure of FOMO. it's cyclical(循环
的).”
64. The underlined word"triggered"in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by
A. concerned B. connected C caused D. put
65. According to the passage, a typical FOMO person will probably post something on his
Facebook on the following occasions EXCEPT when he .
A. has won a big prize in a very important competition
B. is always complaining of his headache
C. is back from a perfect trip to a beautiful tropical island
D. has got his favorite singer's autograph(签名)
66. Which of the following statements CANNOT be inferred from the article?
A People tend to show their best selves on social networking sites
B. The sudden envious feeling ends in irritation.
C. The FOMO phenomenon is a vicious circle(恶性循环).
D. Someone who prefers to emphasize his sufferings is unpopular with others
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the
box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there is one sentence more than you
need.
We all have friends that need a little advice, but one of the problems with those types
of conversations is that it's really easy to come off as a know-it-all when you're offering help.
When you do that, nobody's going to listen.
67 But it’s not an easy conversation to have someone,especially when
you know all the extenuating circumstances of the situation.I talked with relationship and
family therapist Roger S. Gil to get some advice for dealing with these situations.
Obviously not everyone is looking for your advice. Before you go offering up your point
of view, make sure they 're interested in hearing it. As Roger Gil points out, often friends
aren't looking for you to solve a problem. They just want you to listen and maybe ask some
questions. So, ask if they’d like to hear your input or insights on a problem, but also ask
questions about why ey feel a certain way. If they say "no", let them finish their story and
listen politely. 68 Just wait for them to finish complaining before offering
advice (or asking if they want it ). Sometimes the best way to figure something out is to do it
on their own.
Speaking of listening. it's also a good idea to figure out right away what your friends
want from you. Gil describes this as differentiating between opinions, expert advice, and
being a "sounding board" Essentially, don' pretend like you know something you don’t.
69
Now that you know whether or not your friends or family actually want your advice, it's
time to learn how to advise without sounding like a know-it-all. This is a lot harder than you
might think. As Gil points out, one way to offer advice without sounding pretentious (自以为
是的) is to avoid- You should" statements. 70 By offering up your opinion
clearly defined as your opinion, you remove the implication that “you know best”.
A. Definitely don’t act like you’ve been in a situation you haven’t been in.
B. Different situations require different approaches so we need to know what we
should contribute.
C. Gil also adds that even when you know the answer to something, you might
want to keep your mouth shut.
D. gil's advice seems obvious, but it's incredibly easy to get on your high-horse
and use"You should" if you're not careful
E. When you have a friend who's stuck in trouble, it's normal to want to provide
some type of insight to get them out of it.
F. However, the key is to make sure you stay in"listening mode"for as long as
possible, and you don't push your advice when it isn't wanted.
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of
the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Online Profiles
Social networking sites such as Facebook, Myspace and Orkut are now estimated to
have more them 00-mittomusers worldwide. As users can create any profile of themselves
they choose, you might expect them to portray themselves in the best possible way. When
putting up a profile, it would be reasonable for them to present positive images, choose
sophisticated interests, and carefully express their thoughts so as to appear more intelligent
than in real life. But according to recent research, this is not the case. Far from presenting
themselves in a flattering way. most users' profiles reflect their true personalities, and reveal
both psychological and natural physical weaknesses.
Research was carried out on 250 Facebook users who filled in a. personality questionnaire
Results were compared with the same peoples Facebook profiles. The survey set out to assess not
only the participants actual personality, but their " ideal" personality in other words, what kind of
person they would be if they actually possessed their ideal characteristics. These results were then
compared with the participants Facebook profiles. What emerged was astonishing: far from being
idealized versions of themselves, people's online profiles roughly resemble what they were really
like. Their profiles accurately reflected how agreeable, outgoing, hardworking. and sociable they
were in real life
Is not entirely clear why online profiles display users personalities so accurately. It could
be that users want to portray themselves as they really are, or it could be that people
attempt to present an ideal image of themselves but in fact fail to do so. One thing seems
clear: social networking sites can in no way be considered a false online world that is
idealized and removed om reality rather, they are simply another way in which people
choose to interact with each other.
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the
brackets.
72. 携带瓶装液体的旅客不准登机。( board)
73. 这个戏的规则太复杂,三言两语解释不清,(too......to)
74.汤姆口试不及格,这并不是因为考试难,而是因为他信心不足导致发挥挥失常。
(not....but;disorder)
75.年轻人眼着音乐开始跳每时,老年人受到鼓舞也想加入他们的行列了.(inspire)
Key: 21 as/when 22.the most striking 23.were arranged 24.to form 25.bending
26. where 27.have focused 28.found 29.whose 30.viewing
31-40; DFHAI KEJBG
41-55;BCDAD BBCBD AACBA
56-59;BCDB 60-63;BDDC 64-66;CBD 67-69;ECAD
72.Passengers are not allowed to board the plane if they carry bottled liquid.
73.The rules of the game are complicated to explain in a few words.
74.Tom failed the oral test not because it was very difficult but because he had so little
self-confidence that he played in disorder.
75.When the young started to dance to the music,the old felt inspired to join them.
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