7.2 Fit for life(知识讲练)-2021届江苏英语新高考一轮复习精品资料(学案)

2021 届江苏英语新高考一轮复习精品资料●模块七 Unit 2 知识讲练 一、重点词汇 重点词汇-1. beneficial 【原句呈现】Both of these medicines have saved millions of people’s lives and have proved beneficial to mankind since they were invented. 【知识精讲】 ①beneficial adj.有益的，有用的→benefit n.利益，好处 v.有助于，受益 ②相关短语： be beneficial to...=be of benefit to...对……有益 benefit from/by 从……中获益，得益于 for the benefit of sb.=for one’s benefit 为了某人的利益 【单句填空】 填上恰当的词： ①Some parents might find learning at home to be ________ beyond additional bonding with their children ②Doing morning exercises and eye exercises are beneficial ________ your health. ③Doing morning exercises __________ our health and we benefit __________ it. ④A large sum of money has been raised __________ the benefit of the poorly educated children in the mountainous districts. ⑤Do you think studying abroad is __________ benefit to students? 【完成句子】 ①课前预习、课堂上积极参与以及课后复习所学知识，让我受益匪浅。 ①___________________________ to preview lessons, get actively involved in class, and review what had been taught after class.(beneficial) ②史密斯先生给青岛市投了大量的资金，他将从中受益很多。 Mr. Smith invested a large amount of money in the city of Qingdao, ________________________ in the future. 重点词汇-2. possess 【原句呈现】Nearly 3,500 years ago, people chewed on leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves possessing a special chemical to reduce body pains and fever. 【知识精讲】 ①possess v.拥有，具有→possession n.具有，拥有，(常用复数)所有物，财产 ②相关短语：be possessed of 具有，拥有，占有 have/take/get/gain possession of sth.拥有，占有，占据(某物) (表主动) in possession of sth.占有，拥有(某物)(表主动) in the possession of sb.为某人所有(表被动) 【单句填空】 填上恰当的词或词组： ①He was then arrested and charged with _________ an offensive weapon. ②You cannot legally take ___________ of the property until three weeks after the contract is signed. ③He is ___________ of the most brilliant talents ④—Is the young woman standing there in __________ of the company? —No. It is _______ her uncle. 【完成句子】 二十年前, 他父亲很富有，拥有一家农场。 Twenty years ago, his father was very rich and _______________________________. 重点词汇-3. vital 【原句呈现】Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain, but there are also other things that aspirin can help with. 【知识精讲】 ①vital adj.对……极重要的，必不可少的(+ly 为副词) ②相关搭配和句型： be vital for/to sb./(doing)sth.对某人/(做)某事极为重要 It is vital(for sb.)to do sth.(某人)做某事极其重要 It is vital/What is vital is that ...是极重要的……(在该句型中，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即 should+ 动词原形，should 可省略) 【单句填空】 用所给词的恰当形式填空或填上恰当的词： ①Education is ___________(vital) important for the country’s future. ②Water is vital to _________(keep)every living thing living, without which the world would be a dead place. ③It is vital/what is vital is that we ___________(keep)informed of all developments. ④It is vital for parents __________(know)about what children have learnt at school every day. ⑤It is vital to __________(stay)calm in an emergency. ⑥This problem is vital __________ us; therefore, we must take it into serious consideration. 【完成句子】 ①重要的是我们应从失败中吸取教训。正如谚语所说，“失败乃成功之母。” _________________________ something from failure. Just as the saying goes, “Failure is the mother of success.” ②兴趣跟理解能力一样对学习来说同等重要，甚至更为重要。 Interest is ____________________________, even more so. 重点词汇-4. potential 【原句呈现】Lawrence Craven, a doctor from the USA, introduced the idea in 1953 that aspirin had the potential to reduce the risk of heart attacks, because it helped the blood circulate better. 【知识精讲】 ①potential n.可能性，潜在性，潜力，潜能 adj.潜在的，可能的(+ly 为副词) ②相关短语：have the potential to do sth./of doing sth..有做某事的潜力 (have)potential for (doing) sth.(有)……的可能性/潜力 achieve/realize one’s(full) potential (充分)发挥潜力/潜能 【单句填空】 填上恰当的词： ①The boy has great __________. ②Now that the big fire has been put out, the firefighters are ready to clear away those remains of the burnt building and _________ dangers. ③As teachers, we should encourage every student to _________ their full potential. ④I think he has the potential _________ to become/_________ becoming an expert in this field. ⑤It is generally recognized that every child has potential _______ success 【完成句子】 ①他有潜力成为世界级的音乐家。 He _______________________ a world-class musician. ②不抽烟的人患肺癌的可能性比抽烟的人患肺癌的可能性要小些。 People who do not smoke lung cancer than those who do so. ③学校尽力把每个孩子看作独立的个体，并帮助每个孩子充分发挥其潜力。 The school makes every effort to treat students as individuals and to help each one ________________. 重点词汇-5. application 【原句呈现】He immediately realized that the mould might have an application in treating illnesses caused by bacteria. 【知识精讲】 ①application n.应用，运用，申请(表)→apply vi.申请 vt.应用→applicant n.申请人 ②相关短语：apply (to...)for...(向……)申请……=make an application (to) for sth.为某事向某人作出申请 apply to 应用/适用于 apply … to 把……应用/运用到……上 apply oneself to 专心于，致力于=devote oneself to=be devoted to 参看模块二 Unit 3 重点词汇-7. apply 【单句填空】 用 apply 的恰当形式填空或填上恰当的词： ①His __________ for membership of the organization was turned down. ②__________ will be expected to have good command of English. ③If you apply __________ to thinking about the problem, you will soon solve it. ④Human rights apply __________ all people, in all places, at all times, including the world’s children. ⑤After 15 years in the USA,, he has finally decided to apply ________ American citizenship. ⑥Those who continuously acquire new knowledge that they can apply ________ their work are more likely to succeed. ⑦We should not only know the theory but also how to apply it _________ practice. 【完成句子】 ①句意：如果你不专心致志于你的工作，你将会被甩在后面。 If you ______________________, you will be left behind one day. ②如果你想出国，你应该考虑向政府申请护照。 If you want to go to a foreign country, you should consider _____________________ a passport. 重点词汇-6. approval 【原句呈现】Since the new drug was needed for World War Ⅱ, the government approval process for penicillin was accelerated, and mass production began in 1944. 【知识精讲】 ①approval n.批准，通过，赞成，同意→disapproval n.不赞成，不同意 →approve v.批准，同意，赞成→disapprove v.不赞成，不同意→approving adj.赞许的 ②相关短语：meet with one’s approval 得到某人的同意/认可 give one’s approval to 批准、赞成…… approve/disapprove of(doing)sth.赞成/不赞成(做)某事 【单句填空】 用 approve 的恰当形式填空或填上恰当的词： ①His plan was _________, and the _________won him many __________ glances. ②Although they said nothing, she could sense their __________. ③I love my girlfriend but my parents ___________ of our marriage. ④Her mother does not approve _________ her going to study in the United States alone. 【完成句子】 ①你最好把头发剪短。我们学校不赞成学生留长发的。 You’d better cut your hair short. Our school ___________________________ wearing long hair. ②我们真诚希望我们的要求能得到你方的同意。 We sincerely hope that our request ___________________. ③我觉得我不能赞成这样的安排。 I don’t think I can _________________________________. 重点词汇-7. addicted 【原句呈现】Some people have also used acupuncture to treat smokers, alcoholics and people who are addicted to drugs. 【知识精讲】 ①addicted adj.上瘾，入迷→addict vt.使沉溺，使上瘾 n.入迷的人，有瘾的人→addiction n.沉溺，上瘾， 入迷，嗜好→addictive adj.使人上瘾的 ②相关短语：addict oneself to 沉溺/醉心/迷恋于…… be/get/become addicted to...沉迷于……；迷上……，对……上瘾 【单句填空】 用 addict 的恰当形式填空或填上恰当的词： ①For drug _________, the need to feed the _________ takes priority over everything else. ②__________ to drugs, he seldom calls his parents except when he asks them for money. ③You should stop taking this medicine because it is _________. ④Unlike Tom, Bob does not addict _________ to the past time. ⑤He admits that recently he has become addicted ________ playing online games. 【完成句子】 ①由于对拉小提琴入了迷，他没有注意到一个小偷走进了他的房子。 _______________________, he didn’t notice a thief walk into his house. ②很多孩子沉迷于上网，以至于他们对学习失去了兴趣。 Many kids ______________________, so they have lost interest in study. (addicted) 重点词汇-8. relate 【原句呈现】Another theory relates acupuncture to the production of chemicals in the body which reduce pain. 【知识精讲】 ①relate v.联系，把……联系起来，叙述，讲述→related adj.有关的，相联系的 →relation n.联系，关联，关系，亲戚，亲属，亲戚关系，亲属关系 →relationship n. (人、团体、国家之间的)关系，联系，(情爱上的)关系 →relative adj.相关的，相对的，相互有关的，比较而言的 n.亲属，亲戚，相关物，亲缘植物(或动物) ②相关短语： relate ... to...把……与……联系起来 relate to...涉及，与……相关，谈到 relate sth.to sb.向某人讲述…… be related to=be relative to 与……有关/联系/血缘关系 与……有关/联系的其他表达： be associated with be connected with be linked to/with be relevant to have sth. to do with in relation to 关系到，关于，与…相比=compared with with relation to 与……有关，涉及，关于 bear/have no relation to...与……无关 【单句填空】 用 relate 的恰当形式填空： ①His fear of people is deeply __________ to his unhappy childhood. ②She’s had a series of miserable __________. ③ Bob moved to another city last year, but still maintains a good __________ with his old neighbors currently. ④The only __________ I could find was his mother. ⑤Right and wrong in this world are __________. ⑥The man tried to prove that he had no __________ to the robbery. ⑦The report seeks to __________ the rise in crime to an increase in unemployment. ⑧There is no need for you to go on a diet; you are only slightly overweight in _________ to your height. 【完成句子】 ①你的创意作品一定要与我们的学校生活有关。 Your innovation must _________________________. ②他的话和我们现在所讨论的事情究竟有什么关系呢？ How on earth do his remarks ____________________________? ③目击者向媒体叙述了他们所见到的全部情况。 The witnesses _______________________ the media. 重点词汇-9. try out 【原句呈现】Fleming tried this mould out on another bacterium and found that it killed the bacterium too. 【知识精讲】 try out 试行，试用(产品或某人)，测试，测验 try sth. out on...在……上试验某物 try out for 报名参加，参加……选拔(或试演) try on 试穿 try for 试图获得，力争赢得 【单句填空】 填上恰当的词组： ①Why not ___________ your new ideas? Otherwise you will never know whether they are possible or not. ②—What attracted you to our university? —You have a great basketball team and I can __________ it. ③The sweater looks beautiful _______ you. May I _______ it ______? ④He said he was going to __________ first place the next year. ⑤I want to ___________ the menu ______ a few friends 【完成句子】 ①这个主意看起来不错，但需要试一试。 The idea seems good but _____________________. ②五十多个男孩来竞争参加足球队。 Over fifty boys came ____________________. 重点词汇-10. let out 【原句呈现】..and a needle like a small sword，used for letting liquid out of body parts which had swollen up... 【知识精讲】 ①let out 放出，发出，泄露，(把衣服等)放大、加长，出租 ②相关短语：let alone 更不用说 let/leave … alone 不干涉，不打扰 let ... down 把……放下来，使……失望 let go 放开，释放 let in 让(某人/物)进来，把衣服改小/窄 let off 释放，引发，引爆，排放出(气体等)，允许下车/船/飞机 【单句填空】 填上恰当的词组： ①Somehow, the old man had __________ a dangerous secret, one which could not be discussed in a room on a military base. ②It was said that a resident of his neighborhood had __________ fireworks to celebrate the Revolution. ③Sarah hoped he’d take the hint and ________ her ________. ④I don’t know the person, __________ his name. ⑤I’ll work hard. I don’t want to ________ him _______. ⑥Open a window and __________ the natural light. ⑦Hold it tight and don’t __________ or you will fall down. ⑧However, many other human activities also __________ carbon gases. 【完成句子】 ①那女孩一看到那条可怕的蛇就大叫起来。 The girl __________________ on seeing the frightening snake. ②囚犯们被放出到花园里去劳动。 The prisoners __________________ in the garden. ③他越来越胖了，不得不把裤子放大。 He’s getting so fat that his trousers __________________. ④珍妮不小心泄露了这个秘密。 Jenny was careless __________________. ⑤他们决定以低租金出租这些办公室。 They decided __________________ at low rents. 重点词汇-11. subscribe to 【原句呈现】A lot of people now subscribe to these theories. 【知识精讲】 ①subscribe v.定期订购或订阅→subscriber n.订阅者，订购者，捐助者 →subscription n.订阅，订购，订阅费，捐助 ②相关短语：subscribe to...订阅，赞成/同，同意，接受，在……上签署，向……捐款……，申请 subscribe for 认购 【单句填空】 用 subscribe 的恰当形式填空： ①They decided to raise the money by ___________. ②I have been a ___________ to Railway Magazine for many years. 写出句中 subscribe to 的汉语意思： ③More and more young men find they cannot subscribe to the values of an older generation. ④People of all walks of life are welcome to subscribe to the hope project. ⑤If you subscribe to this newspaper, you’ll get an extra magazine. ⑥The environmentalist(环保人士)said, “Making money is blameless, but I can’t subscribe to unnecessary killing of wild animals for that purpose.” ⑦Who’s the first man to subscribe to the Declaration of Independence? 【完成句子】 ①有些人把收入的十分之一捐献给教会。 Some people ___________________________ the church. ②我想订阅每日新闻。 I would like to ___________________. ③我不愿意签合同，但似乎我别无选择。 I was unwilling to _____________________, but it seemed that I had no choice. ④他们拒绝同意这位领导的观点。 They are refusing to _________________________. ⑤你在这家新公司认购了多少股？ How many shares __________________ the new company? 二、经典句型 1.if 省略句 【原句呈现】Have you ever seen a doctor？If so, what happened？ 【知识精讲】 if so 如果是这样的话 if any 如果有的话 if not 如果不/没有的话 if ever 如果曾经有的话 if possible 如果(有)可能的话 if necessary 如果必要的话 if anything 如果有任何东西的话 【单句填空】 填上恰当的 if 省略句： ①__________, swimming will appeal to her most strongly. ②__________, take another look at other methods you could try. ③You can come to Beijing for a holiday. __________, I’ll show you around the Summer Palace. ④—Are there any English story-books for us students in the library? —There are only a few, __________. ⑤She seldom, __________, goes to the opera. ⑥__________, I'd like to travel around the world. ⑦__________, the patient can then visit his doctor for further advice. 2.it is likely that 句型 【原句呈现】If you open any medicine cupboard in the world, it is likely that you will find aspirin and penicillin. 【知识精讲】 it is likely/possible that…有可能…… sb. is likely to do sth.某人很可能做某事 【完成句子】 ①投资者们可能要面临损失。 ___________________________________. ②她可能会在总统竞选活动中扮演一个重要的角色。 ______________________________ in the presidential campaign. 3.not...but....所连接的句型 【原句呈现】For example, Alexander Fleming was not looking for penicillin, but was doing research on something else. 【知识精讲】 not...but...“不是……而是……”，用来连接两个并列成分。not...but...连接的并列成分作主语时， 谓语应与 but 后的成分在人称和数上保持一致。 【完成句子】 ①真正的强者，不是没有眼泪的人，而是含着眼泪奔跑的人。 Real strong men are ______________, ________________. ②不是约翰和汤姆而是他们的妹妹玛丽对钢琴课很感兴趣。 _________________________________ great interest in the piano lessons. 附录：本单元还有六个经典句型 1.not only...but also...句型 【原句呈现】Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain, but there are also other things that aspirin can help with.(教材 P18)阿司匹林不仅被证明对于退烧、止痛必不可少，而且 还有其他用途。 参看模块二 Unit 3 句型 2.not only…but also 句型。 2.there be 句型及其变形 【原句呈现】In 1999,aspirin was over 100 years old,and yet there have been more discoveries about how it can help increase the length of people’s lives.(教材 P18)到 1999 年，阿司匹林已有一百多年的历史， 但是在它如何能够帮助延年益寿方面仍然有更多的发现。 参看模块六 Unit 4 1.there be 及其衍生句型。 3.too...to 句型 【原句呈现】However, these traditional medicines had the potential of either causing people to bleed or have a severe stomach upset, or they were too weak to be effective.(P21)然而，这些传统药物有可能让人 出血或引起严重的胃部不适，或者药力太弱发挥不了作用。 参看模块三 Unit 1 1. too… to…句型。 4.情态动词+have done 句型 【原句呈现】Since it was abnormal for mould to be in that lab dish,something must have gone wrong.(P21) 对于在实验室里的那个碟子里的霉菌来说是不正常的，所以一定是某些东西变坏了。 参看模块四 Unit 2 情态动词。 5.表示“一……就……”的句型 【原句呈现】On arriving at the hospital reception,we saw there were a lot of people there.(P23) 一到达医院的挂号处，我们发现那儿有好多人。 参看模块一 Unit 1 4.Upon/On doing 或 Upon/On＋名词的结构。 6.suggest+宾语从句的句型(不用虚拟语气) 【原句呈现】One theory explaining this phenomenon suggests that acupuncture blocks pain signals from reaching the brain. (P31)一种解释这种现象的理论认为，针刺疗法使疼痛信号无法到达大脑。