高考英语二轮复习-情态动词课件18张

modal verbs Grammar 　 情态动词 表本义 表推测的含义 can could may might shall should will would ought to must have to dare (daren’t) need (needn’t) used to 情态动词有一定的意义，但没有人称和数的 变化，不能独立使用，它和后面的动词构成 谓语． 只作情态动词的　can/could, may/might, 　　　　　　　 　 shall/should, will/would ought to， must 可作情态动词也可当实义动词：need, dare/dared 相当于情态动词：　have to, used to can, could的用法 2. Can , could 表示“推测” 翻译成：“可能” 1.can, could 表示“能力” 翻译成：“能” I can speak English. I could speak English. Can it be true? It can’t be true. He said the news couldn’t be true. 3. Can 表示“有时会” 还表示：“允许” Kunming can be very cold in summer. can, could的用法 5. can but “只好” can’t help but to do = can’t help doing sth 禁不住.. can not …..to …… 再….也不过分 4. could 可用于委婉的请求及建议，回答用can Could you help me ? Yes, I can. can, could 和be able to的区别 e.g.She was able to sing the song in English. This machine can make you feel comfortable. 1.can, be able to都用来表示“能力” be able to的主语只能是人 can的主语可以是人，也可以是物 can, could 和be able to的区别 We’ll be able to finish the work soon. I haven’t been able to see the film. 2.can只用于现在时和过去时(could)。 be able to可以用于各种时态。 I could read when I was four. 3.表示在过去成功地做了某事时，只能用 was/were able to， 不能用could。 e.g. He was able to escape from Europe before the war broke out. He was able to swim before he got tired. 　　 1）may 表示许可，翻译成：可以 May I open the door? We may keep the book for two weeks. 2） 用于祈使句，表示祝愿。 May you succeed! May you have a nice trip! may/might 的用法 3.may/might表示可能性推测时，翻译成：或许 They may come here tomorrow. They may be still waiting for us. 4. may not 与 can not 的区别 must 的用法 must 1.must 表示推测时，翻译成：“一定” 只能用于肯定句。 There must be something wrong with the computer. You have worked hard all day. You must be tired. 2. must 还表示：必须 I must go to school now, or I will be late. • must 引导的疑问句时 肯定用 must 回答 否定要用 needn’t 或 don’t have to 来回答 Must I hand in my homework? Yes, you must. No, you needn’t 或 No, you don’t have to. mustn’t表示“禁止，不允许” 4.must +be doing/do 表示对现在的动作进行 肯定推测 He must be reading novels now. They have just bought a new expensive car. They must have a lot of money. shall/should 的用法 1.shall 用于第二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话 人给对方的命令，警告，允诺或威胁。 1)You shall go with me.(命令) 2)You shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺) 3)He shall be punished.(威胁) 2. shall用于第一、三人称疑问句中，表示说话人 征求对方的意见和向对方请示。 4)Shall we begin our class?（征求意见） 5)When shall Mike be able to leave hospital?(请示) 3.用于条约，法律，规定，规章等文件中， 表示一种义务，多用于第三人称中。 6) “The interest ___be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides.” declared the judge. A. may B. should C. must D. shall 4. should = ought to do 翻译成：“应该” should常表示劝告、建议、命令， ought to多表示责任、义务，语气强烈。 两者可以随时互换 Young people should learn how to use computers. Every citizen ought to obey law. You ought not to go. You should have told her the truth. She shouldn’t have left without saying a word. 4. should have done sth “本应该做某事…而没有去做…” shouldn’t have done sth 否定则表示“本不该做某事…而已经做了” 1. Will /Would you do…? (表请求would 更委婉)表 意志，愿望，决心 2. would 与 used to 的区别 would表过去常常做某事，现在还有此习惯。 “总是,总要” used to表过去常常做某事，但现在已没有这种习惯） “过去常常” will/would 的用法