7.3 The world on line(知识讲练)-2021届江苏英语新高考一轮复习精品资料(学案)

2021 届江苏英语新高考一轮复习精品资料●模块七 Unit 3 知识讲练 一、重点词汇 重点词汇-1. abundant 【原句呈现】With the touch of a button or the click of a mouse, a student will find abundant information from the largest libraries and museums in the world at his or her command. 【知识精讲】 ①abundant adj.大量的，充裕的，丰富的→abundantly adv.大量地，丰盛地，充裕地 →abundance n.大量，充裕，丰富 ②相关短语： be abundant in=be rich in……富有 in abundance 大量，丰足、丰富，富裕 an abundance of 大量的 【单句填空】 用 abundant 的恰当形式填空或填上恰当的词： ①Sometimes giving from our need instead of our _________(abundant)is just what we need to do! ②All the pages are _________ illustrated with colour photographs. ③However _________ certain natural resources may be, they are bound to run out one day if not taken care of. ④Chinese is _________ ________ in idioms and proverbs. ⑤There will be good food _______ abundance/an abundance ______ good food at the party. 【完成句子】 ①中国作为世界大国之一，过去资源丰富，现在却面临资源缺乏的问题。 China, one of the largest countries in the world, ______________________, is facing the problem of resource shortage. ②这片森林里盛产药材。 Medicinal herbs _______________ in the forest. 重点词汇-2. command 【原句呈现】With the touch of a button or the click of a mouse, a student will find abundant information from the largest libraries and museums in the world at his or her command. 【知识精讲】 ①command n.命令，控制，掌握 v.命令，指挥，控制→commander n.指挥官，司令员 ②相关短语： have a good command of 精通，掌握 at sb.’s command 受某人支配，听候某人的差遣 in command of 控制，指挥，统帅 under one’s command=under the command of sb.在某人的指挥下，由某人指挥/控制 command sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事 注意：command 作名词，后接表语从句或同位语从句时，从句谓语动词也用“(should＋)动词原 形”。 【单句填空】 用所给词的恰当形式填空或填上恰当的词： ①_________ the command of the ___________(command), a group of soldiers were combing through the forest for the suspect. ②He commanded me to _________(start)at once. ③He commanded that all the gates __________(shut)immediately in case the murderer escaped. ④In a society full of challenges and opportunities, in my opinion, it is a must to have a good __________ of a foreign language. ⑤—I’m afraid the project may be several days behind schedule due to bad weather. —Don’t worry. Three more assistants will be ________ your command in no time at all. ⑥He looked relaxed and totally ________ command of himself. 【完成句子】 ①那男的命令我进到自己的房间，并把房门关上。 The man _____________________________ my room and close my door. ②请告诉我你的英语口语和书面语是否都精通。 Please tell me if you ___________________________________. 重点词汇-3. claim 【原句呈现】They claim that surfing the Internet is a waste of time. 【知识精讲】 ①claim v.声称(后接动词不定式、名词从句)，宣称(后接名词从句)索赔，索取(后接名词或代词)，(指 灾难﹑ 事故等)使(某人)失踪或死亡，夺去生命. ②相关短语： claim ...back/claim back...要求退回 claim knowledge of sth.自称知道某事 lay claim to sth.对某物提出所有权要求 make a claim…on… for(damages)对……提出损害赔偿要求/(对损害提出损害赔偿要求) 【单句填空】 填上恰当的词： ①He lost his arms in an accident that claimed his father’s __________, who was the main source of support for the family. ②You can claim your money __________ if the goods are damaged. ③Nobody believed his __________ that he was innocent/to be innocent. ④Syrian rebels claim __________ of chemical where chemical weapons are hidden. ⑤A wallet has been found and can be __________ at the manager’s office. ⑥You can claim __________ the tax on your purchases. ⑦You may make a __________ on the firm _________ the damages. 【完成句子】 ①尽管他自称精通英语，但有时感觉要找到一些汉语习语的合适翻译是很难的。 Much as he __________________________, he sometimes feels it hard to find an appropriate version for some Chinese idioms. ②地震夺去数以千计的[人]罹难者的生命。 The earthquake _______________________. ③5 个亚洲国家声称对那些岛屿拥有主权。 Five Asian countries ________________. ④研究人员称，他们发现了第一个证据，证明每晚有规律的八小时睡眠对我们的健康有很大的影响。 Researchers ____________________ that getting a regular eight-hour sleep every night makes a real difference to our health. 重点词汇-4. correspond 【原句呈现】What is more, people who are disabled and must stay in their homes can correspond and communicate with others around the globe who have similar interests. 【知识精讲】 ①correspond v.通信，相一致，符合，相当于 →corresponding adj.符合的，相应的，相关的 →correspondence n.来往信件，往来书信，通信，联系，相关 →correspondent n.记者，通讯员，通信者 ②相关短语： correspond with/to 与……一致/相符/相称 correspond with sb.与某人通信/联系 in correspondence with 与……一致，与……有通信联系 【单句填空】 用 correspond 的恰当形式填空或填上恰当的词： ①The New York Times has _____________ in many countries. ②His interest in writing came from a long ____________ with a close college friend. ③Total volume of trade of the company was 50 percent higher than the ____________ period of last year. ④When ___________ with your foreign friends, you should give them your detailed address. ⑤The marks on the products don’t correspond __________ the goods I purchased on the Internet. ⑥What she just said isn’t __________ correspondence _________ the views of the majority. 【完成句子】 ①巧合的是，你对事件的描述与她的一致。 It’s a coincidence that your account of events _____________________. ②我们相互联系已经好多年了，但是事实上我们从未见过面。 We _______________________________ for years but I’ve never actually met him. 重点词汇-5. withdraw 【原句呈现】 【知识精讲】 ①withdraw(withdrew, withdrawn) v.脱离(社会)，不与人交往，撤回，取(款) →withdrawal n.撤退，撤回 ②相关短语： withdraw from 脱离，不与人交往，退出 withdraw...from ...将……从……撤回 withdraw sth. from sale 停止某物的销售 withdraw cash/money 提取现金/钱 【单句填空】 用 withdraw 的恰当形式填空或填上恰当的词： ①By the time they arrived, the enemy forces had __________, leaving the small village destroyed. ②I __________ some cash at the bank an hour ago. ③They announced the __________ of 12 000 troops from the area. ④ Following his nervous breakdown, he withdrew __________ the public life and refused to give any interviews. ⑤North Korea threatens to withdraw __________ six-party talks aimed at ending North Korea’s nuclear program unless its proper rights are to be satisfied. 【完成句子】 ①美国政府威胁说，如果这个国家不降低海关关税，它将会从这个国家撤回所有投资。 The US government threatened that it would _____________________ the country if the country didn’t reduce the customs duties. ②网上游戏行业的激烈竞争迫使一些业绩不好的公司退出市场。 The keen competition in online game industry forced the firms with poor performance to ___________ ____________. 重点词汇-6. alarm 【原句呈现】This is an unfortunate aspect of the Internet that alarms me. 【知识精讲】 ①alarm v.使担心，使害怕，使警觉 n.警报(器)，惊慌，闹钟→alarming adj.令人害怕的 →alarmed adj.害怕的 ②相关短语： be alarmed by/at sth.因……而惊恐 be alarmed to do ...做/对某事感到恐慌 give/raise/sound the alarm 发出警报 set alarm bells ringing 敲响警钟 set the alarm 设定闹钟 in alarm 惊恐地 【单句填空】 用 alarm 的恰当形式填空或填上恰当的词： ①He was not ________ when he received the telegram. ②An ________ film was shown in this theatre. ③In case of emergency, please ________ the alarm. ④The report should ________ alarm bells ringing about standards in education. ⑤She ________ the alarm for five o’clock so she’d wake up in time to give medicine to her two sons. ⑥________ by the sharp fall of the stock market, thousands and thousands of stockholders sold out their stock at a sacrifice. ⑦When a bird spots a hunter, instead of just flying away, it calls out ________ alarm and warns other birds. 【完成句子】 ①敌军指挥官听说自己的部队已被包围时惊恐万状。 The enemy ______________________ that his troops had been surrounded. ②突然的空袭使他们大为惊恐。 They ________________ a sudden air attack. 重点词汇-7. abandon 【原句呈现】They would not have achieved their success if they had abandoned their dreams. 【知识精讲】 ①abandon v.放弃，抛弃，舍弃→abandoned adj.废弃的，被遗弃的，无约束的，无度的，放荡的 ②相关短语：abandon oneself to 沉湎/溺于……，纵情于…… be abandoned to 沉湎/溺于…… abandon doing sth.=give up doing sth.放弃做某事 with abandon 尽情地，放纵地 【单句填空】 用 abandon 的恰当形式填空或填上恰当的词： ①Later, the __________ boy was found wandering in the street, __________ himself to despair. ②The plan __________ when it was discovered just how much the scheme would cost. ③ Playing computer games is harmful to your health. Don’t abandon yourself __________ this kind of pleasure. ④After careful consideration, they agreed to abandon __________ out the project. ⑤At the party, people sang and danced __________ abandon, totally forgetting the troubles in their lives. 【完成句子】 ①今年假日购物者花钱花钱挥霍无度。 This year holiday shoppers ____________________. ②他抛弃了妻子并带走了所有的积蓄。 He __________________ and went away with all their savings. ③他耽溺于赌博(gamble)和酗酒, 因此而他负债累累。 _________________________________, he was heavily in debt. 重点词汇-8. appointment 【原句呈现】I think I’d better apologize to him tomorrow for not keeping the appointment. 【知识精讲】 ①appointment n.约会，预约，任命，委任→appoint vt.任命，委任，安排 →appointed adj.指定的，约定的 ②相关短语：keep appointments/an appointment 守约，赴约 break an/one’s appointment 违约，失约 make/have/fix an appointment(with sb.) (与某人)预约/约会 make the appointment of sb. as 对某人做出委任 by appointment 依约，经预先约定 appoint sb. /as/to be...任命/指派某人为……(被动语态：be appointed as/to be) appoint sb.to do sth.委派/指派某人做某事(被动语态：be appointed to do sth.) 【单句填空】 用 appoint 的恰当形式填空或填上恰当的词： ①Your ___________ will be canceled immediately if you fail to arrive at the scene at the _________ time. ②You should phone his secretary if you want to make an __________. ③We must realize that keeping ___________ is a contract that is silently agreed. ④I felt it a great honor to appoint me _________ president of the company. ⑤He _____________ to look into those complaints. ⑥But for her mother’s sudden illness, she would never think for __________ this appointment with you. ⑦I have an appointment __________ Dr. Smith, but I need to change it. ⑧We don’t want to make the appointment _________ him as chairman of the meeting. He is not fit for the position. ⑨I’m coming here for an interview __________ appointment. 【完成句子】 ①我没有在约定的会面地点见到她。 I didn’t see her _________________. ②老师指定我打扫教室。 The teacher ______________________. ③直到回到家，她才想起和医生的约会。 It was not until she had arrived home that she remembered ___________________. 重点词汇-9. relevant 【原句呈现】Most often, the information in subject directories has been evaluated, and someone has decided that the information is relevant and correct. 【知识精讲】 ①relevant adj.紧密相关的，切题的，有价值的，有意义的(反义词：irrelevant) →relevance n.相关性，关联 ②相关短语：be relevant/related/linked to/have relevance to 与……有关 be irrelevant to/have no relevance to/have nothing to do with 与……无关 【单句填空】 填上恰当的词： ①Her personality issues aren’t _____________ to this case. Her personality issues are ______________ to this case. Her personality issues have no ______________ to this case. Her personality issues have ______________ to do with this case. ②—Have you finished your research essay? —I haven’t started yet. I was collecting __________ materials the whole of last week. 【完成句子】 ①两天前，妈妈要我在网上查找相关信息。 Two days ago, Mom asked me to look up __________________. ②许多人认为古典音乐与现在的年轻人没有关系。 Many people think that classical music _________________ today Many people don’t think that classical music _________________ today 重点词汇-10. acknowledge 【原句呈现】When you are finished, you should always acknowledge where you got your data by attaching a list of the websites you got your information from. 【知识精讲】 ①acknowledge v.承认，认可，感谢→acknowledgement n.承认，致谢，感谢 ▲acknowledge 多重意义的识别； ②搭配、惯用句型和相关短语： acknowledge(doing/having done)sth.承认(做了)某事 acknowledge that 从句... 承认…… acknowledge ... to be/as ...认为……是…… It is generally/widely acknowledged that 从句 ...……是大家公认的/人们普遍认为…… in acknowledgement of 对……表示感谢 【单句填空】 填上恰当的词： ①There was no ______________ of the extent of the problem. ②He was given a gold watch _______ _____________ of his contribution to the company. ③______ universally ___________ ________ Wei Yuan is a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty. ④Mr. Green is generally acknowledged _______ ( _____ ______ )an expert on this subject. ⑤We ___________ with thanks your timely aid when we were in trouble. 【完成句子】 ①人们普遍认为留得青山在，不拍没柴烧。 ____________________________ where there is life, there is hope. ②他们拒绝承认在比赛中失败了/他们在比赛中被打败，但是徒劳的。 He refused __________________________ in the match, but in vain. ⑥他终于承认犯了个错误。 He finally _______________________________. 重点词汇-11. drop out 【原句呈现】One university did a study about the students who had dropped out, and found that 43 per cent of them were heavy Internet users. 【知识精讲】 drop out(of)(从……)退学，辍学，退出，脱离 drop back退后，后撤 drop behind 落伍，落在……之后 drop in/by (on sb.) 顺便来(顺便走访某人) drop in at sp.顺便到访某地 drop off(数量、兴趣等)下降，小睡，打盹儿，中途下客或卸货，中途顺便将某物送交某处 【单句填空】 填上恰当的词组： ①We usually ____________ relatives and friends during the winter vacation, chat together and enjoy the delicious food. ②Could I ____________ your house after the concert? ③Don’t ____________ the others on the trail in case you get lost. ④Her popularity has ____________ recently. ⑤The Hope Project is designed to help those children who ____________ of school because of poverty. ⑥Mr. Richard was disappointed that many students who had signed up for his adventure course. ____________ at the last moment. ⑦Mrs. Jones asked the driver to ____________ her son at the library on his way downtown. ⑧—Could you just ____________ for a cup of coffee? —I’d love to, but I have a nervous schedule today. ⑨_________ me _________ at next stop. 二、经典句型 1. either ... or ...所连接的句型 【原句呈现】I feel it is important for us either to limit our use of the Internet, or to learn how to handle the problems it has caused.(P35)我认为，重要的是我们要么限制使用因特网，要么学会如何解决它 所引起的问题。 【知识精讲】 ①either...or...意为“或者……或者……(表示两个或两个以上的可能性或选择)”，常用来连接并列句 或并列成分。 ②either...or...连接并列主语时，其谓语动词应与邻近的那个主语在人称和数上保持一致。 ③与“either...or...”相对的是“neither...nor...(既不……也不……)”。 【完成句子】 ①不是你就是你的一个学生要参加明天举行的会议。 _________________________________ to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow. ②“我听说苏珊要独自去北京。”“是真的，她的父亲和母亲都不愿和她一起去。” —I hear Susan will go to Beijing by herself. —That’s true. ______________________. ③全世界都很清楚，美国用肮脏的伎俩，来欺负华为和抖音这样的外国公司，目的不是摧毁它们， 就是接管它们。 It is obvious to the whole world that the US has played dirty tricks to bully foreign companies like Hua Wei and TikTok in order to ________________________. 【答案】either destroy them or take them over ④“他或者是我适合做这项工作吗？”“无论是他还是你都不适合。” —___________________ fit for the job? —Neither he nor you are. ⑤医生认为小男孩要么是吃糖太多了，要么是没有天天刷牙。 The doctor thought the boy ________________________________________ every day 2.where 引导的定语从句 【原句呈现】In 2003, eBay, a famous website where people buy and sell things, said that 70 per cent of their problems were with people who sold things that did not exist, or who lied about the products they were selling. 【知识精讲】 关系副词 where 引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作地点状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示(具体或 抽象的)地点的名词。特别注意下面这些表示地点的抽象名词：case, situation, point, stage, position, state 等(但是要具体分析修饰这些现行词的关系词在定语从句中所作的成分)。 【完成句子】 ①父母应该注意这样的情况，孩子们对适应新的环境有困难。 Parents should pay attention to _____________________ their children have difficulty adapting to new surroundings. ②公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛，在这种气氛中，其员工享受他们工作的乐趣。 The boss of the company is trying to create ________________ his employees enjoy their work. ③我们已经到了几乎没有一点权利的地步了。 We have reached ______________ we have almost no rights at all. ④房产泡沫是一个经济形势，这种形式发生在房价上涨太快的时候。 A housing bubble is __________________ occurs when house prices rise much too fast. 3.祈使句+连词+简单句 【原句呈现】Follow these tips, and your time spent doing research on the Internet will be much more worthwhile. 【知识精讲】 祈使句+and+简单句。前面的祈使句相当于一个条件状语从句：if you follow these tips. ①如果表示转折关系，则用祈使句+or/otherwise+简单句；如果用条件状语从句，则后面的简单句前 不能用 and/or/otherwise。 ②祈使句的省略形式。 ③祈使句的强调形式(用助动词 do) 【完成句子】 ①(如果)你读了这个故事，你就会认识到不是所有东西都可以用钱买得到的。 ______________________, _______ that not everything can be bought with money. ②手里拿着枪的士兵大声叫喊“站住，否则我要开枪了。” “_____________,” the soldiers screamed loudly, who held a gun in his hands, “___________.” ③再努力一下，你就会通过将于今年六月举行的入学考试的。 ________________, ___________ and you’ll pass the entrance test to be held this June. A. Making a bit more effort B. A bit more effort C. Given a bit more effort D. If you make a bit more effort ④过马路时，务必(千万)要小心啊！ _________________ when you cross the street.