2021 届高考英语冲刺专题精选精炼模：语法填空（第 01 期）
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词或括号内单词的正确形式
We’ve all turned to sad music to make us feel 41 (good)at some point in our lives, but why does doubling down on
the sadness help drag us out of the mire(泥沼 )？
A new study sheds light on what’s going on inside our brains 42we match our music to our feelings. It looks like
sad music can be enjoyable -rather than 43(simple) depressing- because it triggers positive memories that can help to
lift our mood. Psychologist Adrian North from Curtin University in Australia says there 44 (be)two groups of
possible45 (explain)for why we enjoy listening to sad music like this: one from social psychology, and one from
cognitive neuroscience(认知神经学).
In terms of social psychology, one way of 46(think) about this is that we feel much better about 47 (we) if we
focus on someone who’s doing even worse, a process known as downward social comparison. Everything’s going to be
okay, because this person 48(have) an even worse day than you are.
Another theory from social psychology is that people like to listen 49 music that mirrors the tone of their current
life circumstances -the songs act as 50sort of tuning fork(音叉) for our own situations and they resonate(共鸣) with us.
【答案】41.better42.when/as43.simply44.are45.explanations46.thinking47.ourselves48.is having/has49.to50.a
【解析】这是一篇说明文。我们都曾在生命中的某些时刻通过听悲伤的歌来让自己好受一些，但是为什么更多的悲伤反而会让我
们走出低谷呢？社会心理学有的派别认为是通过下行社会比较让我们感觉好一些，有的派别认为是那些悲伤的音乐让我们产生心
理共鸣，所以感觉会好一些。
41.考查形容词比较级。句意：我们都曾在生命中的某些时刻通过听悲伤的歌来让自己好受一些。空格处单词位于系动词 feel 后，
应用形容词形式。根据句意“让我们感受更好受一些”，应使用形容词比较级形式。且空格处单词与第三段中的“feel much better”
呼应，故填 better。
42.考查时间状语从句中的连词。句意：一项新的研究阐明了当我们将所听的音乐与心中感受配对的时候我们大脑里到底发生了什
么。根据句意，这是一个时间状语从句。由于空格后句子使用的是一般现在时，所以空格处连词可以填 when/as。
43.考查副词。句意：其结果显示：悲伤的音乐也能带来愉悦而不是简单地令人低落。空格处单词修饰形容词 depressing，应用副
词形式。故填 simply。
44.考查主谓一致。句意：关于我们为什么喜欢听悲伤的音乐有两派可能的解释。这里使用的是 there be 句型，be 动词与其后主语
保持一致。句中“two groups of”为复数意义，故 be 动词填 are。
45.考查名词的复数形式。句意同上。空格处单词位于形容词后介词前，应用名词形式。“explain(解释)”的名词形式为 explanation，
且为可数名词。这句话后列出了来自社会心理学与来自认知神经科学的两派解释，所以空格处名词用复数形式。故填 explanations。
46.考查动名词。句意：从社会心理学这一派来讲，有一种思路是：当我们把注意力集中在一个比我们过得还惨的人身上时，我们
会觉得好受些。空格位于介词 of 后，且 think about 是动词词组，所以空格处填动名词形式。故填 thinking。
47.考查反身代词。句意同上。由于表语从句的从句部分主语 we 与 about 后的宾语指代的是同一类人，所以介词后宾语使用反身
代词。we 的反身代词为 ourselves，故填 ourselves。
48.考查时态语态与主谓一致。句意：一切都会好起来的，因为这个人比你过得更惨。这是原因状语从句，前半句使用的是一般现
在时，所以从句部分也使用一般时态。根据句意，从句部分使用一般现在时或现在进行时都可以，主语 this person 是第三人称单
数，故填 is having/has。
49.考查介词。句意：另一个假说是人们喜欢听那些能反映自己现在生活境况基调的音乐，这些歌对于我们的境况来讲起到了类似
音叉的作用，它们与我们产生了共鸣。“listen”是不及物动词，后边加名词时需要加介词 to，故填 to。
50.考查冠词。句意同上。空格位于单数名词 sort 前，空格前为介词，所以空格处需要填冠词。“a sort of”意为“一种”，为固定搭
配。故填 a。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
One night, 41 winter, a bear came into the city in Vancouver Canada. It walked through the city streets past
houses, shops and offices. Then it 42 (find) some food in bins outside a restaurant and started eating. In the morning,
someone saw the bear and called the police. The police came with a vet (兽医) from the city zoo. They put the bear in a lorry
and took it to the mountains outside the city. 43 (lucky), the bear was safe. But44 happens in other countries when big
animals come into cities? In Vancouver it is unusual 45 (see) a bear, but in some cities you can see big animals on the
city streets every day.
Big animals usually come into cities to find food. In Cape Town in South Africa baboons (狒 狒 ) come into the city
when they are 46 (hunger). Human food is very bad for the baboons 47 (tooth) because it has a lot of sugar. Now, there
are Baboon Monitors working in Cape Town. 48 (they) job is to find baboons in the city and return them to the
countryside.
In Berlin in Germany, pigs sometimes come into the city for food. They eat flowers and plants in parks and gardens.
Sometimes they eat vegetables from gardens 49 they walk in the street, causing accidents. Some people like the pigs
and they give them food and water to drink. Other people do not like the pigs and they want the government and the
police to stop them 50 (enter) the city.
【答案】41.in42.found43.Luckily44.what45.to see46.hungry47.teeth48.Their49.and50.entering
【解析】这是一篇说明文。说明了世界各个城市动物进入城市中寻找食物的现象。
41.考查介词。句意：冬天的一个晚上，一只熊来到了加拿大温哥华。短语 in winter“在冬天”，故填 in。
42.考查动词时态。句意：然后它在一家餐馆外面的垃圾箱里发现了一些食物，开始吃起来。根据下文并列谓语 started 可知应用
一般过去时，故填 found。
43.考查副词。句意：幸运的是，熊是安全的。修饰整个句子应用副词，故填 Luckily。
44.考查疑问代词。句意：但是在其他国家，当大型动物进入城市时会发生什么呢?短语 what happen“发生什么事”，故填 what。
45.考查非谓语动词。句意：在温哥华，熊是不常见的，但在一些城市，你每天可以看到大动物在城市街道上。固定句式 it is unusual
to do sth.“做某事是不寻常的”。故填 to see。
46.考查形容词。句意：在南非的开普敦，狒狒在饥饿的时候来到城市。根据上文 are 可知应填形容词作表语，故填 hungry。
47.考查名词的数。句意：人类的食物对狒狒的牙齿非常有害，因为它含有大量的糖。tooth 为可数名词，前面没有冠词故应用复
数形式。故填 teeth。
48.考查物主代词。句意：他们的工作是在城市里找到狒狒，然后把它们送回农村。job 为名词需要形容词性物主代词修饰，故填
Their。
49.考查连词。句意：有时他们吃蔬菜从花园和他们走在街上，造成事故。根据句意上下文为承接关系，故填 and。
50.考查非谓语动词。句意：其他人不喜欢猪，他们希望政府和警察阻止他们进入城市。短语 stop sb doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”，
故填 entering。
阅读下面短文在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We've all heard that breakfast is41most important meal in the day.It may actually be true.Recently, a study of
more than 50,000 adults aged 30 and older42(find) that people who have breakfast are more likely to lose43(weigh)
than those who don't eat a morning meal.Other studies connect not eating breakfast44a higher risk of high blood
pressure, heart disease and so on.
However, it's not just when you eat that matters, but45you eat also matters.46(keep)fit, you should have a
balanced diet with protein, fiber and healthy fats, which is the key to a satisfying47nutritious breakfast .If you want to
keep48(you) from being hungry later of the day,you’d better eat within 90 minutes after waking up.Also, coffee drunk
on an empty stomach is not recommended because it can be49(harm)to your body.
There is an old saying that advises "Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince, and dinner like a beggar It is
worth50(follow).
【答案】41.the42.has found43.weight44.with45.what46.To keep47.and48.yourself49.harmful50.following
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了早餐的重要性。
41.考查形容词最高级。句意：我们都听说早餐是一天中最重要的一餐。此处根据文意与午饭和晚饭相比较，important 是三音节
单词，最高级形式为 the most+形容词。故填 the。
42.考查现在完成时。句意：一项超过 50 人的研究，1000 名 30 岁及以上的成年人发现，吃早餐的人比不吃早餐的人更容易减肥。
研究已经完成，且强调对现在的影响，故使用现在完成时。故填 has found。
43.考查名词。句意：吃早餐的人比不吃早餐的人更容易减肥。动词后接名词作宾语，应使用 weigh 的名词形式 weight。故填 weight。
44.考查固定搭配。句意：其他研究发现，不吃早餐的人患高血压、心脏病等的风险更高。“connect…with”为固定搭配，意为“与
什么有联系、与什么有关”。故填 with。
45.考查主语从句。句意：然而，重要的不仅仅是你什么时候吃，你吃什么也很重要。It 作形式主语，两个主语从句为真正的主语，
在从句中 you 为主语，eat 为谓语，缺少宾语。故填 what。
46.考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保持健康。主句为后面紧跟的句子，此处根据句意表达一种目的，故使用动词不定式做状语。故
填 To keep。
47.考查连词。句意：你应该有一个均衡的饮食，包括蛋白质、纤维和健康脂肪，这是一个令人满意和营养丰富的早餐的关键。根
据句意，此处的“satisfying 、nutritious”为并列关系。故填 and。
48.考查反身代词。句意：如果你想让自己在一天的晚些时候不饿，你最好在醒来后 90 分钟内吃。此处主语是 you，宾语也是 you，
主宾一致应使用反身代词形式。故填 yourself。
49.考查形容词。句意：另外，喝咖啡不建议空腹，因为它可能对你的身体有害。此处 be 动词后的表语应为形容词形式，harm 的
形容词形式是 harmful。故填 harmful。
50.考查动词的固定结构。句意：有句老话建议“早餐吃得像国王，午餐吃得像王子，晚餐吃得像乞丐，这是值得效仿的。此处作
谓语 worth 的宾语，故应使用其动名词形式 following。故填 following。
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
People came to the area that's now New Mexico more than 12,000 years ago. Experts think they migrated from41is
now Russia across a land bridge42(call) the Bering Strait during the last Ice Age. Thousands of years43 (late), native
American tribes including the Apache, Zuni, Navajo and Pueblos lived on the land.
In 1540, a Spanish44(explore), Francisco Vazquez de Coronado, came to the area in search of cities made of
gold 45were rumored (谣传) to exist in the America. He didn't discover treasure, but over the next century the Spanish colonized the
land. Then in 1821, Mexico declared its independence46Spain, and the area became part of Mexico. But after the United
States won the Mexican- American War in 1848, New Mexico became an American territory. In 1912, it47(declare) the
47th state.
When the Spanish set out to explore the region, they hoped to find land as48(value)as what they had found earlier
in Mexico. So they49(name) the area Nueva Mexico.(“Nueva” means “new” in Spanish.) As for the word" Mexico”, some
experts think it's a version of a name that the Aztecs (a cultural group from Mexico) had for one of their gods.
The state has beautiful scenery from50 ( mountain) to forests and deserts. This earns it the nickname the Land of
Enchantment.
【答案】41.what42.called43.later44.explorer45.that/ which46.from47.was declared48.valuable49.named50.mountains
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了美国墨西哥州的历史由来。
41.考查连词。句意：专家们认为，在最后一个冰河时代，他们从现在的俄罗斯跨越一座大陆桥——白令海峡迁徙过来。本句为宾
语从句，从句中缺少主语，并代指“地方”。故填 what。
42.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。call 和 bridge 在逻辑上构成了动宾关系,因此用过去分词形式来充当后置定语。故填 called。
43.考查副词。句意：数千年后，包括阿帕奇族、祖尼族、纳瓦霍族和普韦布洛族在内的美洲土著部落居住在这片土地上。late 作
副词用时,意为“晚,最近”,而 later 作副词用时,意为“后来,以后”。根据上下文,可知用 later 表示“以后”符合文义。故填 later。
44.考查名词。句意：1540 年，西班牙探险家弗朗西斯科·巴斯克斯·德·科罗纳多(Francisco Vazquez de Coronado)来到这里，寻找
传说中存在于美洲的黄金城市。Francisco Vazquez de Coronado 是个人名,充当前词的同位语。故可知设空处应该填名词 explorer
符合要求。
45.考查定语从句。句意同上。本句为定语从句修饰先行词 gold，且在从句中做主语,指物故用 that 或 which 引导。
46.考查介词。句意：1821 年，墨西哥宣布脱离西班牙独立，该地区成为墨西哥的一部分。固定短语 independence from“独立自主；
独立”。故填 from。
47.考查动词时态语态。句意：1912 年，它被宣布为美国第 47 个州。declare 后面可以跟双宾语连用,句意为“在 1912 年,新墨西哥
州被宣布成为美国的第 47 个州”,由此可知此处应该用一般过去时的被动语态。故填 was declared。
48.考查形容词。句意：当西班牙人开始探索这一地区时，他们希望能找到和他们早些时候在墨西哥发现的一样有价值的土地。固
定结构“as+形容词原形+as”表示“和……一样”，故填 value 的形容词形式 valuable。
49.考查动词时态。句意：所以他们把这个地区命名为新墨西哥。本句是在回顾新墨西哥州州名的由来,所以谓语动词用一般过去
时。故填 named。
50.考查名词的数。句意：从高山到森林和沙漠，这个州有着美丽的风景。mountain 是可数名词,再根据后文的“ forests and deserts”
可知应用复数形式 mountains。
名词性从句关键在于三点：一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从
句。二、连接词从句中充当的成分(主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分)三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意，近年来高
考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。如第一小题，本句为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，
并代指“地方”。故填 what。
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to an announcement by Sergey Kravtsov, Russian vice minister of education and science, Sputnik news
reported, Russia’s national college entrance exam will include Mandarin as 41elective foreign language starting from
2019. Chinese will become the 42 (five) elective test item for the Unified State Exam in addition to English, German,
French and Spanish.
The number of Chinese learners in Russia 43 (rise) quickly in the past decade, according to a survey44 (carry) out
by a linguistic research center in Russia. Approaches45learning Chinese vary from person to person, with more and
more people46(choose) university courses in Russia.
The three-hour-long Chinese test will quiz students on 47 (they) listening, reading, and writing abilities and a
fourth section will examine students on grammar, vocabulary and Chinese 48 (character). Some parts in the exam are
even a little bit difficult for native Chinese speakers. Insiders from the Russia education industry confirmed those49are
with relevant professional background and Mandarin proficiency(精通) are more competitive in job application.
According to the Office of Chinese Language Council International, some 100 million people, excluding native
speakers, use Chinese 50 (global).
【答案】41.an42.fifth43.has risen44.carried45.to46.choosing47.their48.characters49.who50.globally
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。俄罗斯的大学入学考试将把普通话作为选修外语。
41.考查冠词。language 指的是“(某国)语言”时为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且 elective 的首字母的发音为元音因素，所以用冠词
an 来修饰。故填 an。
42.考查序数词。the+序数词表示“第......”。本句表示第五，所以应用序数词 fifth。故填 fifth。
43.考查现在完成时。由“in the past decade”可知，本句为现在完成时，主语为 The number of Chinese learners，谓语为 has risen。
故填 has risen 。
44.考查过去分词。分析句子可知， survey 与 carry out 在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填 carried 。
45.考查介词。approach to “......的方法”为固定短语。故填 to。
46.考查现在分词。分析句子可知，本句为 with 的复合结构作状语，people 与 choose 在逻辑上是主动关系，所以应用现在分词。
故填 choosing 。
47.考查代词。their 为形容词性物主代词，修饰名词。故填 their 。
48.考查名词复数。character 为可数名词，中国的汉字不止一个，所以应用 character 的复数。故填 characters。
49.考查关系代词。分析句子可知，those 为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作主语，所以关系代词为 who。故填 who。
50.考查副词。globally 为副词修饰动词 use。故填 globally。
with 复合结构构成方式如下： 1. with 或 without-名词/代词+形容词 2. with 或 without-名词/代词+副词 3. with 或 without-名词/
代词+介词短语 4. with 或 without-名词/代词 +动词不定式 5. with 或 without-名词/代词 +分词分析小题 6 的句子可知，本句为 with
的符合结构作状语，people 与 choose 在逻辑上是主动关系，所以应用现在分词。故填 choosing 。
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Our bodies can be younger or older than our actual age 41 (depend) upon diet, lifestyle choices and physical
activity. This is called biological(生理的)age, 42 could be different from the age on your driver's license, which 43 (call)
chronological(时间的)age. 44 recent study of over 900 adults who were tracked for 12 years, from ages 26-38, 45 (show)
that people who were aging faster, meaning that their biological age was higher than their chronological age, were
not as healthy or 46 (physical) fit. This group was also more likely 47(have) cognitive decline( 认 知 衰 退 )and was at
a 48 (great) risk for age-related health conditions.
A growing body of research proves that the keys to aging successfully are a 49 (combine) of exercising regularly,
keeping busy with life, and maintaining a healthy diet with nutritious foods. These three key elements could
contribute 50 aging gracefully, and successfully, too.
【答案】41.depending42.which43.is called44.A45.showed46.physically47.to have48.greater49.combination50.to
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了生理年龄高于实际年龄的人衰老的速度更快以及延缓衰老的几个关键因素。
41.考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的身体可能比实际年龄更年轻，也可能比实际年龄更老，这取决于我们的饮食、生活方式和体育
活动。Our bodies 与 depend 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作状语，故填 depending。
42.考查非限定性定语从句。句意：这叫作生理年龄,不同于你驾照上的实际年龄。先行词为 biological age，关系词在从句中作主
语，故填 which。
43.考查时态语态。句意同上，which 指代的是先行词 the age on your driver's license，与 call 之间是被动关系，且为客观事实，所
以用一般现在时的被动语态，故填 is called。
44.考查冠词。句意：最近的一项研究对 900 多名成年人进行了为期 12 年的跟踪调查，他们的年龄从 26 岁到 38 岁不等。研究显
示，那些衰老速度更快的人，也就是他们的生理年龄高于实际年龄的人，健康状况或身体状况都不那么好。study 表示“研究”时是
可数名词，此处泛指“一项研究”，故填 A。
45.考查时态。句意同上，事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故填 showed。
46.考查副词。句意同上，修饰形容词 fit 用副词，故填 physically。
47.考查固定搭配。句意：这组人也更有可能出现认知能力下降，并且患上与年龄有关的健康问题的风险更大。be likely to do 表
示“有可能……”，故填 to have。
48.考查形容词比较级。句意同上，此处有一个隐晦的比较意义，是这组人与其他人的比较，故填 greater。
49.考查名词。句意：越来越多的研究证明，延缓衰老的关键是经常锻炼，保持忙碌的生活，保持健康的饮食这三者的结合。
a combination of 表示“……与……的结合”，故填 combination。
50.考查固定短语。句意：这三个关键因素可能有助于优雅地老去和延缓衰老。contribute to 表示“有助于”，故填 to。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
What makes the sea tum red and causes thousands of fish to die？As far back as anyone could remember，the blame was
placed on the "red tides. " In 1947 ， scientists finally connected the red tides with a microscopic sea organism( 有 机 体 )41(call)the
dinoflagellate.
The dinoflagellate is so tiny 42 6，000 of these organisms may be contained in 43 single drop of water. It stands on the
borderline between plant and animal in its clasification. it produces its own food，as plants do. But it moves 44(free)and
eats other organisms，as animals do.
Dinoflagellates are normally only one of the many kinds of organisms found in plankton. Plankton is the name
given to all very small 45(form)of sea life. However，when the air and water 46(be)calm and warm，dinoflagellates multiply
with 47(amaze)sped. The surface of the water appears 48(cover)with a red carpet.
The dinoflagellates give off a poison. Many fish die. Their bodies are washed up on the beach. Beaches are not
fit49 any use. Fish that are not killed may become 50(poison)to animals or people who eat them. Commercial fishing
comes to a stop.
As dinoflagellates consume all the food and oxygen in an area，they die. After a time，the sea returns to normal. But when
conditions are right，the red tide comes again.
【答案】41.called42.that43.a44.freely45.forms46.are47.amazing48.to be covered49.for50.poisonous
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要内容是据科学家的调查可知把赤潮与微小的海洋生物叫做腰鞭毛虫连接在一起，并阐述了这种海
洋生物对海洋产生的影响。
41.考查非谓语动词。句意：1947 年,科学家最后连接赤潮与微小的海洋生物叫做腰鞭毛虫。分析句子结构可知，空处填非谓语动
词，再根据句意可知，dinoflagellate 和 call 是被动关系，故填 called。
42.考查状语从句。句意：这些生物的腰鞭毛虫是那么小，这些有机体的 6000 个单位可能包含在一滴水里。分析句子结构可知，
空处填从属连词，再结合句意可知，so…that…用来引导状语从句，意为“如此……以至于”，故填 that。
43.考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，空处填冠词，再根据句意可知，a drop of 意为“一滴……”，与题意相符，故填 a。
44.考查副词。句意：但是它自由移动和吃其他生物,就像动物一样。分析句子结构可知，空处填副词，再根据句意可知，freely 意
为“自由地”，与题意相符，故填 freely。
45.考查名词的数。根据空前 all 可知，all 后加名词复数，意为“所有……”，故填 forms。
46.考查主谓一致。句意：然而,当空气和水是平静和温暖。分析句子结构可知，空处填时态，结合语境可知，此处用一般现在时，
air 和 water 都有独立的含义，且不构成成套名词，故用 are。
47.考查形容词。句意：鞭毛藻类以惊人的速度繁殖。分析句子结构可知，空处填形容词，再结合句意可知，amazing 意为“令人
惊讶的”符合句意，故填 amazing。
48.考查固定搭配。句意：水面似乎被红地毯覆盖着。根据句意可知，appear to be 是固定搭配，意为“似乎好像”，且 the surface of
the water 和 cover 之间是被动关系，故填 to be covered。
49.考查固定搭配。句意：海滩不适合任何用途。根据句意可知，be fit for 是固定搭配，意为“适合、胜任”，与句意相符，故填 for。
50.考查形容词。句意：未被杀死的鱼可能对动物或食用它们的人有毒。分析句子结构可知，become 是系动词，故空处填形容词，
再结合句意可知，poisonous 意为“有毒的”，故填 poisonous。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
English perfectly shows the “network effects” of a global tongue: the more people use it, the more useful it is.
Parents expect their children 61(master)English, which is encouraging the 62(grow)of private schooling. Education
authorities are switching to English medium, in part to control the outflow(外流) of children into the private sector.
Teaching children in English is fine if that is 63 they speak at home and their parents are fluent 64 it. But that is
not 65 case in most public and low-cost private schools. Children are taught in a language they don’t understand by
teachers 66 English is poor. The children learn neither English nor anything else.
Research shows that children learn 67(much)when they are taught in their mother tongue than they do when they
are taught in any other language. In a study of children in 12 schools in Cameroon last month, those taught in
Kom68(do)better than those taught in English in all subjects.
English should be an important subject at school, but not 69(necessary)the language of instruction. Rather than
switching to English-medium teaching, governments fearful of 70(lose) custom (光顾) to the private sector should look at
the many possible ways of improving public schools.
【答案】61.to master62.growth63.what64.in65.the66.whose67.more68.did69.necessarily70.losing
【解析】这是一篇议论文。短文阐述了儿童教学宜采用母语，而非英语。
61.考查动词不定式。expect sb to do sth “期望某人做某事”为固定短语。故填 to master。
62.考查名词。 the +名词+of...“。。。。。。。的”。故填 growth。
63.考查连接代词。分析句子可知，is 后接表语从句。在表语从句中，what 作 speak 的宾语。故填 what。
64.考查介词。be fluent in“在......方面流利”为固定短语。故填 in。
65.考查冠词。this is not the case“情况不是这样”为固定短语。故填 the。
66.考查关系代词。分析句子可知，teachers 为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作定语，所以关系代词为 whose。故填 whose。
67.考查形容词比较级。由“than”可知，空处应填 much 的比较级 more。故填 more。
68.考查一般过去时。由“last month”可知，本句为一般过去时。所以空处填 did。故填 did 。
69.考查副词。necessarily 为副词修饰整个句子。故填 necessarily。
70.考查动名词。of 为介词后接动名词作宾语。故填 losing。
定语从句中关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：
(1) 一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用 who 或 whom，指人时通常不用 which
等。
(2) 二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用 whose，
有时也用 which；作状语要用 when, where, why。
(3) 三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如 that 和 why 通常不引导非限制性定语从句。
分析小题 6 的句子可知，teachers 为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作定语，所以关系代词为 whose。故填 whose。
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
China's research icebreaker Xuelong, 41126 crew members aboard on the 35th Antarctic research mission, on
Thursday local time left the Zhongshan Station on 42 (it) way back to China.
Snow Eagle 601, China's first fixed-wing aircraft for polar flight, on Thursday night also departed from the
Antarctic after 43(complete)all assignments.
Xuelong, 44 arrived near Zhongshan on Feb 9, supplied the station with fuel oil, and then picked up summer
expedition team members at the Kunlun, Taishan and Zhongshan stations, as well as 45 (member)of the fixed-wing
aircraft project.
Sixteen members of the Kunlun team 46( previous) completed all scientific expeditions at Dome Argus (Dome A),
the South Pole's highest icecap. They, together with 21 members of the Taishan team, 47 (return) to Zhongshan on Feb
8.
The Zhongshan team completed tasks including installation of and tests for LiDAR, drilling of ice bed rock,
atmospheric sounding 48(observe), surveys of birds and aerial exploration carried out by the fixed-wing aircraft.
As the summer expedition team at Zhongshan left, 19 members would stay for winter expeditions.
Also 49 (know) as the Snow Dragon, the icebreaker carrying a research team set sail from Shanghai on Nov 2 last
year, beginning 50country's 35th Antarctic expedition. It is expected to arrive in Shanghai in mid-March.
【答案】41.with42.its43.completing44.which45.members46.previously47.returned48.observation49.known50.the
【解析】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了雪龙号科考船在南极的科考经历。
41.考查介词。句意：中国的“雪龙”号破冰船于当地时间周四离开中山站，返回中国，船上共有 126 名船员执行第 35 次南极考察
任务。根据句意此处应为伴随的意思，with 意为伴随。故填 with。
42.考查代词。修饰名词 way 用形容词性物主代词，on one’s way back 为固定搭配，意为“在某人回来的路上”，又因主语为 China's
research icebreaker Xuelong。故填 its。
43.考查非谓语动词。句意：中国首架极地飞行固定翼飞机“雪鹰 601”周四晚也在完成所有任务后离开南极。介词 after 后加动名词
作介词的宾语。故填 completing。
44.考查非限定性定语从句。句意：雪龙于 2 月 9 日抵达中山附近，为该站提供燃油。which 引导的非限定性定语从句修饰 Xuelong，
又因从句缺少主语。故填 which 。
45.考查名词的数。句意：随后又在昆仑、泰山和中山站接回了夏季考察队队员，以及固定翼飞机项目的队员。队员肯定不止一个。
故填 members 。
46.考查副词。句意：昆仑探险队的 16 名队员先前在南极最高冰盖穹顶阿古斯(穹顶 A)完成了所有科学考察。修饰动词 completed
应使用副词形式， previous 的副词形式为 previously。故填。
47.考查一般过去时。句意：他们和 21 名泰山队队员于 2 月 8 日返回中山。文章的基本时态为一般过去时，return 的一般过去式
为 returned。故填 returned 。
48.考查名词。句意：中山队完成了激光雷达的安装和试验、冰层岩石的钻探、大气探测观测、鸟类调查和固定翼飞机进行的空中
探测等任务。由此处为四个并列的名词短语知应使用 observe 的名词形式，observe 的名词形式为 observation。故填 observation 。
49.考查过去分词。句意：也被称为“雪龙”号的破冰船去年 11 月 2 日从上海启航。主语 the icebreaker 和动词 know 是被动关系用
过去分词，known as 为固定搭配，意为“被称为”。故填 known。
50.考查定冠词。句意：开始了中国第 35 次南极考察。此处特指雪龙号考察船。故填 the。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since July 2019, China’s online food-delivery platform Eleme 41 (carry) out a new service of picking up garbage from
its users in Shanghai.
The service comes after 42 recently-released regulation on waste management in Shanghai. Individuals 43 throw
away their garbage without being sorted out can be fined up to 200 yuan, while companies and 44 (organize) can face
fines up to 50,000 yuan.
The trash takeaway service requires residents to sort 45 (they) own garbage before it 46 (pick) up by workers from
Eleme, who will ensure the waste is disposed of in the correct garbage bins.
It’s obvious that this service is 47 (convenience) to the old, especially to the disabled customers.48, many netizens
on Sina Weibo don’t think Eleme is providing a wonderful service, saying it just wants49 (make) money. They think 12
yuan for an order is too much. Besides, many more people doubt if these collectors will wash their hands after
dealing 50 the trash.
【答案】41.has carried42.a43.who/that44.organizations45.their46.is picked47.convenient48.However49.to make50.with
【解析】这是一篇报道类文章。主要是就上海饿了么在今年七月公布的回收打包垃圾的话题展开讨论和各种反应。
41.考查动词时态。根据本句的时间状语 Since July，2019，可知答案为 has carried 。
42.考查冠词。根据句意表示一项最新颁布的规章制度，可知答案为 a。
43.考查关系代词。根据句意，此处缺少定语从句的关系词，表示人，可知答案为 who/that。
44.考查名词。
根据 and 前后并列关系可知需要名词复数，因此答案为 organizations。
45.考查代词。
根据句意，该处代词和他所修饰的名词表所属关系，故答案为 their。
46.考查动词语态。根据上下文，此处表达被动含义，且主语为 it 故用单数，故答案为 is picked。
47.考查形容词。此处需要形容词作表语，be convenient to，对...方便，故答案 convenient。
48.考查副词。本句与上文的 the old 和 disabled 来看，是明显的转折，故答案 However。
49.考查非谓语动词。根据用法，此处构成搭配 want to do ，因此用 to make。
50.考查介词。根据短语 deal with，处理。故答案为 with。
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