高三英语知识点汇总

高三英语知识点汇总 高三英语知识点归纳 1 1. be fond of “喜爱，爱好” 接名词、代词或动词的-ing 形式。 He’s fond of swimming. 他喜欢游泳。 Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜欢新鲜蔬菜吗? He is fond of his research work. 他喜爱他的研究工作。 2. hunt for = look for 寻找 I have found the book I was hunting for.我找到了那本我在找的书。 hunt for a job 找工作 3. in order to/so as to：这两个词组都可引导不定式作目的状语, in order to 可放于句首, so as to 则不能, 其否定形式为 in order not to / so as not to. He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend an important meeting. In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.为了让我们注意他, 他 朝我们又是叫喊又是挥手。 4. care about 1) 喜欢，对……有兴趣 = care for She doesn’t care about money.她不喜欢钱。 2)关心 = care for She thinks only of herself. She doesn’t care about other people.她只考虑 自己。她不关心别人。 3)在乎，在意(接从句或不接任何成分) These young people care nothing about what old people might say. 这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话。 5. such as 意为“诸如……”，“像……”，是用来列举人或事物的。 She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry.她教三门科目, 像物理、化学。 6. drop a line 留下便条, 写封短信 7. make yourself at home 别客气;随便;无拘束 If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home.如果你在我之前到我家，自己喝点饮料，随便一点。 8. stay up 不睡;熬夜 (1) I'll be late home, don't stay up for me. 我将回家很晚，不要等我了。 (2) He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning. 他熬夜看书直到凌晨两点。 9. come about 引起;发生;产生 (1)How did the accident come about? 这场事故是怎么发生的? (2) They didn't know how the change had come about. 他们不知道这个变化是怎样产生的。 10. except for 除……之外 (1) except 与 except for 的用法常有区别。except 多用于引起同类事物 中被排除的一项。如： ①He answered all the questions except the last one. 除去最后一个，他回答了所有问题。 ②We go there every day except Sunday. 除了星期天，我们天天去那里。 (2)except for 用于引述细节以修正句子的主要意思。如： ①Except for one old lady, the bus was empty. 除去一个老太太，这辆公共汽车全空了。 ②Your picture is good except for the colours. 你的画儿很好，只是某些色彩有问题。 (3)但在现代英语中，except for 也用于表示 except 的意思。如上述第一 个例子可以是： He answered all the questions except for the last one. (4) 另外，在介词短语之前只能用 except，不能用 except for。 We go to bed before ten, except in the summer. 除了夏季，我们通常十点之前_睡觉。 11. end up with 以……告终;以……结束 The party ended up with an English song.聚会以一首英文歌结束。 12. more or less 几乎;差不多;大约;大概;大体上 (1) I've more or less succeeded, but they haven't. 我差不多成功了，而他们没有。 (2) Our living condition has more or less improved. 我们的生活水平或多或少提高了。 13. bring in 引进;引来;吸收 (1) We should bring in new technology. 我们应该引进新技术。 (2) He brings in 800 dollars a month. 他一个月挣八百美元。 14. get away(from) 逃离 (1)The thieves got away from the shop with all our money. 小偷带着我们所有的钱从商店逃跑了。 (2)I caught a really big fish but it got away. 我钓到了一条好大的鱼，可是它逃掉了。 15. watch out (for)注意;留心 (1)Watch out! There is a car coming. 小心!汽车来了。 (2)Watch out for the hole in the road. 留神路上的那个坑。 16. see sb. off 给某人送行 Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station. 明天我到火车站给朋友送行。 17. on the other hand 另一方面(用以引出相互矛盾的观点、意见等，常 说 on the one hand …… on the other hand 一方面……另一方面) I know this job of mine isn't well paid, but on the other hand I don't have to work long hours. 我知道这份工作报酬不高，但从另一方面来说，我也不必工作太长时间。 18. as well as 和，还 He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer. 她不但是摄影师还是个天才的音乐家。 19. take place 发生 take one’s place 入座、站好位置、取得地位 take sb’s place 或 take the place of 代替、取代 20. on fire 相当于 burning, 意为“燃烧;着火;起火”，有静态的含意。catch fire 有动态的含意。 set…on fire/set fire to…用来表示“使……着火”、“放火烧……”。 Look, the theatre is on fire! Let’s go and help.瞧，剧院着火了，咱们去帮 忙救火吧。 21. on holiday 在度假，在休假中 When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle. 我在度假的时候去看望了叔叔。 22. travel agency 旅行社 =travel bureau 23. take off 1)脱下(衣服等), 解(除)掉 He took off his wet shoes.他脱下了湿鞋子。 2)(飞机)起飞 The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off.飞机准时起飞。起飞非 常顺利。 3)匆匆离开 The six men got into the car and took off for the park.这六个人上了车，匆 匆离开去公园。 24. go wrong v. 走错路, 误入岐途, (机器等)发生故障 25. in all adv. 总共 26. stay away v.外出 27. look up 查询(如宾语为代词，则代词放中间) Look up the word in the dictionary.在字典里查单词。 相关词组：look for 寻找;look after 照顾，照料; look forward to 期待;look into 调查; look on 旁观;look out 注意;look out for 注意，留心，提防;look over 翻阅，查看，检查;look around 环视;look through 翻阅，查看。 28. run after 追逐，追求 If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.同时追两只兔子，你一只 也抓不到。 29. on the air 广播 We will be on the air in five minutes.我们五分钟以后开始广播。 This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.这个节目每 天在同一时间播出。 30. think highly/well/much of 对……评价很高, 赞赏, 对……印象好 He was highly thought of by the manager.经理对他非常赞赏。 I think well of your suggestion.我觉得你的建议很好。 think badly/nothing/little/lowly of……认为不好, 好……不在意, 不赞成, 觉得……不怎么样 I don’t think much of him as a teacher.我觉得他作为一个老师不怎么样。 高三英语知识点归纳 2 look at a book? 1. 表示阅读性地“看书”(即读书)，一般要用动词 read。如： Don’t read such books. 不要读那样的书。 He is reading a book on Shakespeare. 他在看一本关于莎士比亚的书。 但是，在许多情况下，“看书”只需用 read 就够了(尤其是泛泛地表示 “看书”时)，无需后接 book 作宾语。如： In the evening I usually read. 晚上我常常看书。 This light is too poor to read by. 这光线太暗不能看书。 I read much less now than I did at school. 我现在看书远比我上学时少。 2. 若不是表示阅读性地“看书”，而只是大概地看一看，比如看看书的 封面、定价、内容提要等，或者回答问题时看看书的某些章节或字句等， 或者是考试时悼词楸镜龋此时都不宜用动词 read, 可用 look at, see 等。 如： Can I look at those books? 我可以看看那些书吗? Jim demanded to see my books. 吉姆要求看看我的书。 Please answer my questions without looking at your books. 请不看书回答 我的问题。 Students must not look at their books during examinations. 学生考试不准 舞弊。 Happy Christmas? 英语可说 happy Christmas 吗?请看这样一道题： —__________ Christmas! —Same __________ you. A. Merry, as B. Merry, on C. Happy, as D. Happy, to 此题应选 D。容易误选 A，B。错误思维是： 1. 可以说 Happy new year, 但必须说 Merry Christmas. 2. the same as, the same...as 是固定搭配。 关于第 2 点，比较好解释，因为(The) Same to you. 是口语惯用语，回答 祝愿，其意为“也祝你……”。 而第 1 点搞错的人就很多了，不少人都想当然地认为不能像 Happy New Year, Happy birthday 那样用 Happy Christmas, 其实这是一种典型的想当 然错误，请看有关_词书的实例。如： 1. 大家熟悉的《朗文当代英语词典》(1987 年版)就多处出现 Happy Christmas 的用例。如： 1)Happy Christmas. (p. 476，happy 词条) 2)"Happy Christmas. " "Same to you. " (p. 925 same 词条) 2. 又如章振邦教授主编的两本英语语法著作。如： 1)Happy Christmas. 《新编英语语法教程》(p. 459) 2)A Happy Christmas to all. 《新编英语语法》(上册 p. 183) 3. 再如《英语学习》杂志，1992 年第 7 期 p. 17 的一段对话中，多次将 Happy Christmas 与 Merry Christmas 交替使用。 4. 如果你是一个层次稍高的英语学习者，你可能会读过杨岂深教授主编 的《英国文学选读》(Book 3)，如果你细心的话，你会发现该书 ANGLO-SAXON ATTITUDES 一文里，也在多次交替使用 Happy Christmas 和 Merry Christmas。 高三英语知识点归纳 3 一、非谓语动词 “非谓语动词”可分为动词不定式、动名词和分词.它在句子中的作用很 多：除了不作谓语外,它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语与复合 宾语(主语补语或宾语补语).有些及物动词后面接不带 to 的不定式作复 合宾语.这些动词归纳如下：一感(feel).二听(hear,listen to),三让(have,1et, make), 四 看 (see,watCh,notice,observe). 再 加 上 help somebody(to)do something 和美国英语 look at somebody do somthing.还有“二让”属特 殊：get somebody to do something 与 keep somebody doing.而有些及物 动词后面接动名词(the -ing form)作宾语.这些动词归纳为一句话：Papa C makes friends. 这 是 由 如 下 动 词 的 开 头 字 母 组 成 ： permit,advise, practise,avoid,consider,mind, allow,keep,enjoy,suggest, finish,risk,imagine,escape,need,delay,stand(忍受). 为了容易记住,也可以 编成顺口溜：“允许完成练习,建议避免冒险,考虑延期逃跑,喜欢保持想象, 需要反对忍受”.其相对应的动词依次是：permit/allow,finish,practise; advise/suggest, avoid,risk： consider, delay, escape/miss; enjoy/appreciate, keep, imagine; need/want/require,mind. can't help/can’t stand. 二、复合句 1、学生最容易混淆的是定语从句与同位语从句的区别. 例如：A、The news that our team has won the match is true. (同位语从句) B、The news that he told us surprised everybody here. (定语从句) 关键的区别在于连接或关系代词 that：有意义的是定语, 无意义的是同 位.因为引导定语从句的 that 在从句中作主语或 宾语,而引导同位语从 句的 that 只起到连接词的作用. 2、接着容易混淆的是引导定语从句的关系代词 that 与 which：that 之 前是不定(代词)、序数(词)、(形容词)级：which 之前是介词短语与逗号(非 限制性). 例如：A、All that we have to do is to practise every day. B、The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. C、I have lost my pen,which I like very much. D、The house in front of which there is a garden is my home. 三、It 的用法 1、It 除了代替人和物以外,还可以作形式主语.而真正的主语(不定式、动 名词或从句)则放于谓语或表语之后. 例如：It is nor easy to finish the work in two days. 然而有少数表语之后接动名词作真正的主语.这些表语是：无助(no help)、 无用(no use)、没好处(no good);工作(hard work)、费时(a waste of time)、 又危险(a danger). 例如：A、It is no use crying over spilt milk. B、It is a waste of time waiting for him. 2、It 还可以作形式宾语.通常下列动词后面可接 it 作形式宾语： 2f2tcjm(find,feel,think,take,consider,judge, make). 例如：A、He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject. B、I think it no use arguing with him. 3、It 用于强调句式.要强调句子的某一部分(主语、宾语、 状语),可以把 it 当作先行词.这种句子的结构是：It is(was)+ 被强调部分+that(who)+句 子的其余部分. 例如：A、It iS Professor Lin who teaches us English—(强调主语) B、It was in Shanghai that l saw the film.—(强调状语) C、It was in 1990 that I worked in the factory.(同上) 但要注意与定语从句的区别. 例如：D、It was 1990 when I worked in the factory.(定语从句) 在强调句式里,我们把强调结构 It is(was)…that 除去,句子还很完整.如例 句 C.而例句 D 就不能. 四、倒装结构 学生容易混淆的是全部倒装与部分倒装.如何区分之,编个顺口溜：副 (adv.)介(prep.)提前全倒装,其它句式部分倒;否定提前倒助动,让步状语倒 表语;复合句式倒主句,不 倒装的属特殊.下面举例说明： A、Here comes the bus.(副词提前,全倒装) B、Here he comes.(代词作主语,不倒装) C、In front of the house lies a garden.(介词短语提前,全倒装) D、Never shall I do this again.(否定词提前,部分倒装) E、Young as he is ,he knows a lot.(让步状语从句,表语倒装) F、Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.(only 修饰状 语,主句倒装) G、Only he can save the patient.(only 修饰主语.不倒装) H、Not only will help be given to people,but also medical treatment will be provided.(否定词提前,部分倒装) I、Not only he but also we like sports.(连接两个主语,不倒装) 五、虚拟语气 虚拟语气也是一个难点.所谓虚拟语气是表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测 或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实.它通过句子的谓语动词的特殊形式来 表示.现归纳如下：纯假设,用虚拟,动词时态退一级：条件句,分主从,主句 谓语前加 would (should,could,might);表愿望,用虚拟,wish 后面接宾语(从 句)：现在过去与将来,动词时态退一级：提建议,用虚拟,宾语(从句)动词 用 (should)do ： 俩 建 议 , 三 要 求 , 再 加 坚 持 与 命 令 (suggest,advise,demand,require,request,insist,order) ： It is time 和 eoukd rather,后接丛句用虚拟：部分主语从句中, 谓语用虚拟结构 (It is necessry /important/natural/natural/strange/strange that… … should do). 下面举例说明： A、If you came tomorrow,we would have the metting. (条件句虚拟) B、Without air,there would be no living things.(同上) C、We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.(表示愿望虚拟) D、He demanded that we (should)start right away.(表示建议虚拟) E、It is(high)time that we left (should leave)now.(特殊从句虚拟) F、I would rather you gave me the book.(同上) G、It is necessary that we should clean the room everyday,(主语从句虚拟) H、He speaks English so fluently as if he were English. (特殊从句虚拟)