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绝密★启用前
2021 新高考密押卷五（含答案详解）
（考试时间：120 分钟；满分：150 分）
注意：
1.答题前，考生务必将自已的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上.
2.所有答案请在答题卡上作答,在本试卷和草稿纸上作答无效.答题前请 仔细阅读
答题卡上的“注意事项”，按照“注意事项”的规定答题.
3.做选择题时,如需改动,请用橡皮将原选答案擦干净,再选涂其他答案.
第 I 卷（选择题）
第一部分:听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Chinese food is considered to be the biggest cultural exchange between China and
other countries. The following dishes are each special in their own way.
Peking Duck
This famous dish can be found at restaurants all around Beijing. High class restaurants
take this dish so seriously that some even have their own duck farms and use only a special
kind of duck for their specific Peking Duck dish. Peking Duck is famous for its, thin skin, and
its delicious meat, which is highly popular among all foreigners, including foreign celebrities
and leaders.
Won Ton Soup
Won Ton Soup, called "Hun Dun" in Chinese, is a highly welcoming dish in China.
Since China is a country of many nationalities and different cultures, each region has their
own shapes for won tons. Won tons are usually boiled and served in soup, but they can also
be deep- fried.
Dumplings
During the Spring Festival, Chinese families will get together and have dumpling parties.
It is said that the dish was invented by Zhang Zhongjing, one of the finest Chinese physicians
in history. Dumplings have a 1,800-year-long history, which is why it is one of the most
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popular traditional foods in China and extremely popular in Western countries. They may be
cooked by boiling, steaming, simmering, frying or baking.
Egg-fried Rice
Firstly from China's ancient western regions, egg-fried rice has now become part of
Chinese people's daily food. Famous for its pleasant smells, soft taste and handsome
appearance, one can easily find this popular dish anywhere in China, from high class hotels to
family-run restaurants on the street. While it is fairly easy to make, there are some points that
should be kept in mind: use left-over rice rather than newly cooked rice for better taste.
Additionally, before frying, the rice should be churned up.
1．Which of the following has its own farm?'
A．Restaurants serving Won Ton Soup.
B．Restaurants, serving Peking Duck.
C．Restaurants serving dumplings.
D．Restaurants serving Egg-fried Rice.
2．What makes dumplings so popular in China and Western countries?
A．The long history. B．The different shapes.
C．The special taste. D．The unique style of cooking,
3．What can we learn about egg-fried rice?
A．It tastes better if cooked with newly made rice.
B．It first appeared in the northern part of China.
C．It is served in restaurants of different classes.
D．It was invented by an ancient Chinese physician.
B
Cheese and red wine are basic diets over the festive period, and if you love red wine and
cheese, a new study will come as music to your ears. Researchers from low a State University
have revealed that drinking red wine and eating cheese can help to reduce cognitive decline.
In the study, the researchers analyzed data from 1,787 adults aged 46 to 77, and asked
them to complete questionnaires about their food and alcohol consumption. The results
showed that cheese was the most protective food against age-related cognitive problems, even
into late life. Daily consumption of red wine was also shown to improve cognitive function,
while weekly consumption of lamb was shown to improve long-term cognitive skills.
However, over-consumption of salt was found to increase the risk of cognitive decline.
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Dr. Auriel Willette, who led the study, said: “I was pleasantly surprised that our results
suggest that appropriately eating cheese and drinking red wine daily are not just good for
helping us cope with our current COVID-19 pandemic, but perhaps also dealing with an
increasingly complex world. Although we considered whether this was just due to what rich
people eat and drink, clinical trials at random are needed to determine if making easy changes
in our diet could help our brains in significant ways.”
While the reason for the link remains unclear, the researchers believe that cheese and red
wine may protect some people from the effects of Alzheimer's.
Brandon Klinedinst, an author of the study, added: “Depending on the genetic factors
you carry, some individuals seem to be more protected from the effects of Alzheimer's, while
others seem to be at greater risk. Perhaps the silver bullet we're looking for is improving how
we eat. Knowing what that involves contributes to a better understanding of Alzheimer's and
putting this disease in an opposite path.”
4．What is the study mainly about?
A．Basic diets over the festive period. B．Possible reasons for cognitive decline.
C．Feelings of pleasant music to people's ears. D ． Effects of certain diets on cognitive
decline.
5．Which of the following increases the risk of cognitive problems?
A．Taking in too much salt. B．Eating cheese properly.
C．Drinking red wine daily. D．Consuming lamb weekly.
6．What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?
A．Changes in our diet help our brains in significant ways.
B．The diets of wealthy people were not taken into account.
C．The study results need to be proved by more clinical trials.
D．COVID-19 pandemic makes our world increasingly complex.
7．What does the underlined phrase “silver bullet" in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．Genetic factor. B．Easy solution. C．Special metal. D．Certain food.
C
Don’t teenagers hate being treated like children? Shouldn’t we accept that they are
growing up? Yes, of course, they are growing up and may want to change things about their
habits or activities, but parents trying to be “supportive” and encourage these changes often
do more harm than good.
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For example, you and the rest of your family are heading up to the mall for hours. Your
teenage daughter Laura has shown resistance to being seen with you in public recently, so you
decide not to persuade her to come with you. This seems like a very respectful thing to do that
takes into account her feelings and opinions, but when you return she is upset. What went
wrong? Well, many things could have gone wrong while you were away. She could have been
caught up in friend drama, boy drama, or any other kinds of drama. Or she could be feeling
hurt. Maybe she really didn’t want to go to the mall with you, but maybe you should have at
least talked with her about it. Even knowing that you wanted to spend time around her
probably would have felt good.
Some people say that this is an unreasonable expectation for parents to be “enabling”
their kids to demand constant attention and validation ( 确 认 ). I say, spending 30 extra
seconds to make sure your children know you care about them is only “enabling” them to
have a part of the self-worth they are so lacking at this time in their lives.
Expecting them to be removed and emotionally distant from you only re-enforces the
idea that they should be. Always give them the choice to be an independent teen or your baby
girl. When they need a break from the high school soap opera, you will both be glad you
didn’t close that door.
8．Which can replace the underlined word “resistance” in Para. 2?
A．agreement B．hesitation C．interest D．unwillingness
9．What does the author want to say by the example in Para. 2?
A．Teenagers need to be respected.
B．Teenagers want to be independent.
C．Teenagers are not mature enough.
D．Teenagers are changeable in character.
10．What went wrong in Laura’s case?
A．Teenagers’ self-worth is ignored.
B．Teenagers’ privacy is not respected.
C．Parents ignore teenagers’ feelings and opinions.
D．Parents are too busy to notice teenagers’ presence.
11．What does the author intend to do in last paragraph?
A．Analyse the real cause of the case.
B．Add some background information.
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C．Try to find a solution to the problem.
D．Introduce a new topic for discussion.
D
As we enter into adulthood and continue to navigate everything that comes with
it—work, kids, mortgage, you know—our childhood starts to feel further and further away.
Research shows that major issues in adulthood—from addiction and anxiety to
compulsive overeating and relationship issues—can be better understood, and resolved, by
looking back toward our childhood.
For anyone who experienced trauma ( 创 伤 ) in their early years, those feelings can
resurface later in life, explains Diane Young, a senior mental doctor at South Pacific Private.
“Many of us who see ourselves as ‘successful’ adults don’t relate our current behaviors
and values to childhood experiences, until something becomes problematic and a professional
connects it back—this can often be a light-bulb moment. Childhood is where we learn how to
relate, where we develop our sense of self-worth and our interpersonal skills, so even minor
forms of trauma, abuse or neglect can have an outsize influence later on in life,” Young says.
Want to know about how childhood experiences can affect your adult relationships?
Here, Young helps us connect the dots between our past and our present.
How is childhood trauma defined?
“It is any experience that has a negative impact and is overwhelming to the child. It
includes abandonment, neglect, divorce, death, being raised in a family with addicted parents
or parents suffering with mental health issues. Some families can look perfect on the outside,
but may be common with painful and destructive relational patterns that have long-lasting
consequences.”
How can you recognize that you have a problem and that it’s linked to past events?
“When the behavior, substance or emotions seem to have control of you, rather than you
having control of them—that’s a key sign that you have a problem. When thinking about the
past, you will do everything to not feel the pain, fear or shame of those experiences. Other
signs include feeling on ‘high alert’ all the time, having flashbacks, experiencing high levels
of anxiety, codependent relationships and low self-esteem.”
How can someone break the habit of repeating past negative behaviors?
“Reach out for help—usually this is from a partner, friend or family member. And make
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the call to a mental health professional—a therapist, or an adviser. There is help available if
you reach out.”
12．The passage mainly focuses on the fact that ________.
A．childhood and adulthood is closely related
B．childhood has slight influence upon adulthood
C．childhood’s negative experiences are unavoidable
D．adulthood has a cure for childhood’s behaviors
13．Which is closest in meaning to the underline word “resurface” in the third paragraph?
A．repeat B．rediscover C．reappear D．recover
14．The fourth paragraph suggests that ________.
A．adulthood is someway a reflection of childhood
B．a successful person is one without problems in childhood
C．childhood experiences are most important throughout lifetime
D．adulthood experiences have little to do with childhood
15．Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A．Problematic families always have painful and destructive consequences on children.
B．South Pacific Private is an organization that deals with childhood mental health issues like
trauma.
C．A light-bulb moment is when a person experiences most troublesome moment.
D．When you experience high levels of anxiety, it’s a key sign that you suffer a trauma
第二节（共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为
多余 选项。
Reducing class size has traditionally been seen as an important way to improve a
student’s educational experience. Many often believe that smaller classes would permit
teachers to give more personal attention to their students. 16．.
But one recent study suggests there's not much research-based evidence to support this
idea. The research was collected by a team from Denmark's Danish Center for Social Science
Research.
The study notes that one of the main problems with reducing class size is that it can have
very high costs.17．. Financial limitations make it very difficult for many schools to reduce
the number of students in the classroom.
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The new study began by examining 127 studies on classroom size. Its goal was to
examine the major research studies already completed on the subject. 18．. In the end, the
research centered on 10 main studies with possible sampling (采样)problems.
The researchers concluded that there's some evidence to suggest that reducing class size
may lead to some improvement in a student 's reading achievement. 19．. They found just a
53-percent chance that a randomly selected test score from a student from a small class would
be higher than the selected score of a student from a larger class. 20．. This led the researchers
to conclude that there would be no benefit at all to math students in a smaller class size.
A．But they said the effect is very small
B．For mathematics achievement, the result was 49 percent
C．This can theoretically lead to improved academic results for students
D．Many public opinion studies have shown teachers favor smaller class sizes
E. The effects of larger class size can stay long after the students complete their education
F. Increasing class size is one of the most common ways school systems control education
spending
G. They especially centered on those trying to measure if smaller class size led to greater
academic success
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）
第一节（共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处
的最佳 选项。
Have you ever noticed the following thing? When two colleagues prepare for
identical presentations, the 21 of the work is the same, but one works better?
Morten Hansen has such a(n) 22 personal experience. “When I was in a company
in London, I worked really hard and tried to 23 ,” he says. “And I did. But I found my
colleagues working more 24 than I was, and they also performed better though they did
less. That made me confused.”
The 25 stayed with him and he 26 to find the answers. He carried out a
study, surveying more than 5,000 27 over five years to figure out how they worked, and
what 28 working pattern had on their performance.
After the data was analyzed, some surprising conclusions appeared. “We always think
that by doing more, we will 29 more,” he says. “Actually, what we’ve found is that top
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performers do the 30 and they are very selective. They do less, and then they excel in
those few things and that's how they 31 the rest. It's almost a contrary view on how you
are supposed to 32 and behave.”
Do less to perform better- that indeed has its 33 . But what if your boss doesn't
34 it and keeps piling on the work? Just 35 it in an appropriate manner and you'll
find that you're more capable of doing your job.
21．A．staff B．nature C．pattern . D．amount
22．A．similar B．worthless C．professional D．opposite
23．A．understand B．succeed C．relax D．cooperate
24．A．positively B．carefully C．efficiently D．patiently
25．A．secret B．moral . C．doubt D．faith
26．A．resolved B．hesitated C．seemed D．failed
27．A．minors B．interviews C．employees D．accidents
28．A．impression B．judgement C．comment D．impact
29．A．achieve B．budget C．apply . D．satisfy
30．A．extra B．familiar C．rough D．opposite .
31．A．adore B．outperform C．interfere D．uncover
32．A．correspond B．analyze C．explain D．work
33．A．tradition B．appeal C．condition D．weakness .
34．A．treat B．guarantee C．buy D．manage
35．A．turn down B．keep off C．put up with D．make use of
第 II 卷(非选择题)
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分)
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The origin of facial makeup used in Peking Opera can date back to more than 1,400
years ago,1．leading actors used to wear masks. As the operatic arts developed, 2． (perform)
gradually took off their masks and painted colorful patterns on their faces instead, so people
could better see3． (they) facial expressions.
Chinese Opera facial makeup is a special makeup method4 ． Chinese cultural
characteristics.5．painting technique for Chinese facial makeup in dramas is closely related to
the character's personality. Over the years of development, it6． (become) an important part
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of Chinese culture.
There7 ． (be) four roles in facial makeup, sheng, dan, jing, and chou. Chinese
facial-makeup is8． (extreme) stylized in the colors and patterns used, but no two painted
faces are alike. For example, there are more than 100 face-painting styles9． (design) for
Xiang Yu, the hero in Farewell My Concubine, and each one is different. Various types of
Chinese facial makeup enable the audience10 ． (know) a character easily and get more
involved in the appreciation of the performance.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分 35 分)
第一节
书面表达（满分 15 分）
假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部(English Club)正在举办以“节约粮食,反对餐饮浪费”为主
题的征文活动。就此,请你写一篇英语短文参赛，内容包括:
1.描述严重的餐饮浪费现象；
2.给出减少餐饮浪费的建议；
3.呼吁节约粮食。
注意：
1 写作词数应为 80 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Save Food and Oppose Food Waste
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________
二、读后续写（25）
1．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文，
续写的词数应为 150 左右。
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It took place in a teacher’s family. One day, Ben was playing basketball in the living
room after school, when he accidentally threw the ball at a vase sitting on the shelf. The vase
dropped to the floor and a large piece broke off. What made Ben more upset was that the vase
was not a common decoration but an antique, which was handed down through generations
from the 18th century. It was also his mother's favourite possession. To cover his terrible
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action, the terrified boy glued the pieces together hastily and put the vase back to its place.
As the mother herself dusted the vase every day, she naturally noticed the cracks(裂纹)
that evening. To her surprise, the repair work was actually very good. At dinner time, she
asked her boy if he broke the vase. Fearing punishment, the suddenly inspired boy said that a
neighbour’s cat jumped in from the window and he couldn’t drive it away no matter how hard
he tried. It raced around the living room and finally knocked the vase off its shelf. His mother
was quite clear that her son was lying, for all the windows were closed before she left for
work each morning and opened after she returned. However, in the face of her son’s nervous
eyes and the suspicious looks of the other family members. Ben’s mother remained calm. She
realized she shouldn’t just simply blame and punish her son for lying. She came up with
another idea.
Before going to bed, the boy found a note from his mother in his room, asking him to go
to the study at once. The boy thought he would now be punished but, as he had already lied,
he was determined to deny everything to the end, no matter how angry his mum became.
In the study, calmly bathed in the light, his mothers face showed no sign of anger. On
seeing her son push open the door and cautiously enter, she took a chocolate box out of a
drawer and gave him one.
注意:
1.续写词数应为 150 左右
The mother said, "This chocolate is a reward for your imagination: a window-opening
cat!”
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
________
Now with some chocolates in hand, the boy's bad attitude disappeared.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
________
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答案第 1页，总 13页
参考答案
阅读理解 A
1．B
2．A
3．C
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了具有中国特色的四种美食——北京烤鸭，馄饨，饺子和蛋炒饭。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“High class restaurants take this dish so seriously that some even
have their own duck farms and use only a special kind of duck for their specific Peking Duck dish.
(高级餐厅对这道菜非常重视，有些甚至有自己的养鸭场，只使用一种特殊的鸭子制作他们
独特的北京烤鸭)”可知，提供北京烤鸭的餐厅甚至有自己的农场。故选 B。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Dumplings have a 1,800-year-long history, which is why it is one of
the most popular traditional foods in China and extremely popular in Western countries. (饺子有
1800 年的历史，这就是为什么它是中国最受欢迎的传统食品之一，在西方国家也非常受欢
迎)”可知，因为其悠久的历史，饺子在中国和西方国家很受欢迎。故选 A。
3 ． 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 最 后 一 段 “Famous for its pleasant smells, soft taste and handsome
appearance, one can easily find this popular dish anywhere in China, from high class hotels to
family-run restaurants on the street. (这道受欢迎的菜肴以其清香、柔和的味道和帅气的外观而
闻名，在中国的任何地方，从高级酒店到街边的家庭餐馆，你都可以很容易地找到它)”可知，
鸡蛋炒饭在不同阶层的餐馆都有供应。故选 C。
阅读理解 B
4．D
5．A
6．C
7．B
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。一项最新研究表明，喝红酒和吃奶酪有助于减少认知能力下降。文章介绍
了这项研究具体的展开过程以及发现，研究人员认为，奶酪和红酒可能会保护一些人免受阿
尔茨海默氏症的影响。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Researchers from low a State University have revealed that
drinking red wine and eating cheese can help to reduce cognitive decline. (来自洛阿州立大学的
本卷由系统自动生成，请仔细校对后使用，答案仅供参考。
答案第 2页，总 13页
研究人员透露，喝红酒和吃奶酪有助于减少认知能力下降)”以及第二段“In the study, the
researchers analyzed data from 1,787 adults aged 46 to 77, and asked them to complete
questionnaires about their food and alcohol consumption. The results showed that cheese was the
most protective food against age-related cognitive problems, even into late life. Daily
consumption of red wine was also shown to improve cognitive function, while weekly
consumption of lamb was shown to improve long-term cognitive skills. However,
over-consumption of salt was found to increase the risk of cognitive decline. (在这项研究中，研
究人员分析了 1787 名年龄在 46 岁至 77 岁之间的成年人的数据，并要求他们完成关于食物
和酒精消费的问卷调查。研究结果表明，奶酪是预防与年龄有关的认知问题最有效的食物，
即使到了晚年也是如此。每天喝红酒也能提高认知功能，每周吃羊肉也能提高长期认知能力。
然而，过量摄入盐会增加认知能力下降的风险)”可推知，这项研究的主要内容是研究某些饮
食对认知能力下降的影响。故选 D。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“However, over-consumption of salt was found to increase the risk
of cognitive decline. (然而，过量摄入盐会增加认知能力下降的风险)”可知，摄入太多盐会增
加患认知问题的风险。故选 A。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Although we considered whether this was just due to what rich
people eat and drink, clinical trials at random are needed to determine if making easy changes in
our diet could help our brains in significant ways. (尽管我们考虑过这是否只是由于富人的饮食
习惯，但我们还需要随机进行临床试验，以确定饮食上的简单改变是否能显著帮助我们的大
脑)”可推知，研究结果需要更多的临床试验来证明。故选 C。
7．词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“we're looking for is improving how we eat. Knowing what that
involves contributes to a better understanding of Alzheimer's and putting this disease in an
opposite path.”可知，Brandon Klinedinst 认为我们正在寻找针对阿尔茨海默氏症的最简单的
解决方案就是改善我们的饮食方式。了解其中的内容有助于更好地理解阿尔茨海默氏症，并
阻止这种疾病的发生。”画线词意思是“简单的解决方案”。故选 B。
阅读理解 C
8．D
9．C
10．C
11．C
本卷由系统自动生成，请仔细校对后使用，答案仅供参考。
答案第 3页，总 13页
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了父母应如何和青少年相处，青少年讨厌被当成孩子对待，这
样做弊大于利。
8．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“so you decide not to persuade her to come with you. (所以你
决定不说服她和你一起去。)”可推知 Laura 最近表现出“不愿意”和你在公共场合露面，所以
resistance 表示“不愿意，不想”，结合选项可知，D 项 unwillingness(不愿意，不情愿)可以代
替 resistance，故选 D 项。
9．推理判断题。根据第二段“This seems like a very respectful thing to do that takes into account
her feelings and opinions, but when you return she is upset. What went wrong? Well, many things
could have gone wrong while you were away. She could have been caught up in friend drama, boy
drama, or any other kinds of drama. Or she could be feeling hurt. Maybe she really didn’t want to
go to the mall with you, but maybe you should have at least talked with her about it. Even
knowing that you wanted to spend time around her probably would have felt good.(这似乎是一件
非常尊重她的事情，考虑到她的感受和意见，但当你回来时，她很难过。到底是哪里出了错?
你不在的时候很多事情都可能出问题。她可能陷入了朋友闹剧，男孩闹剧，或任何其他类型
的闹剧。也可能是她觉得很受伤。也许她真的不想和你一起去商场，但也许你至少应该和她
谈谈这件事。即使知道你想和她在一起也会感觉很好。)”可知不劝说女儿外出的行为似乎是
对她的理解和尊重，但会发现她独自一人的时候会出现很多问题，陷入很多困境，由此可知
本段提出的例子证明青少年还未成熟到可以独立处理问题，所以 C 项“青少年还不够成熟”
符合题目要求，故选 C 项。
10．推理判断题。根据第二段“This seems like a very respectful thing to do that takes into account
her feelings and opinions, but when you return she is upset. What went wrong? Well, many things
could have gone wrong while you were away. She could have been caught up in friend drama, boy
drama, or any other kinds of drama. Or she could be feeling hurt. Maybe she really didn’t want to
go to the mall with you, but maybe you should have at least talked with her about it. Even
knowing that you wanted to spend time around her probably would have felt good.(这似乎是一件
非常尊重她的事情，考虑到她的感受和意见，但当你回来时，她很难过。到底是哪里出了错?
你不在的时候很多事情都可能出问题。她可能陷入了朋友闹剧，男孩闹剧，或任何其他类型
的闹剧。也可能是她觉得很受伤。也许她真的不想和你一起去商场，但也许你至少应该和她
谈谈这件事。即使知道你想和她在一起也会感觉很好。)”可知不劝说女儿外出的行为似乎是
本卷由系统自动生成，请仔细校对后使用，答案仅供参考。
答案第 4页，总 13页
对她的理解和尊重，但需要与她谈一谈从而知道她的感受，在 Laura 这样的事件里，父母忽
略了青少年的感受和想法，故选 C 项。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Expecting them to be removed and emotionally distant from you
only re-enforces the idea that they should be. Always give them the choice to be an independent
teen or your baby girl. When they need a break from the high school soap opera, you will both be
glad you didn’t close that door.(期望他们远离你，在情感上疏远你，只会强化他们应该远离你
的想法。让他们总是能选择成为一个独立的青少年或你的宝贝女儿。当他们需要从高中肥皂
剧中解脱出来的时候，你们俩都会庆幸自己没有关上那扇门。)”可知本段内容提出了让孩子
自主选择成为什么样的人，来解决父母如何与青少年正确相处的问题，故选 C 项。
阅读理解 D
12．A
13．C
14．A
15．B
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究，研究人员就一个人童年时期对成年时期的影响
以及两者之间的相互关系进行了分析，同时也提出了协调好两者关系的一些建议。
12．主旨大意题。通过阅读可知，文章第二段提出了本文的话题“Research shows that major
issues in adulthood—from addiction and anxiety to compulsive overeating and relationship
issues—can be better understood, and resolved, by looking back toward our childhood.(研究表明，
通过回顾我们的童年，成年时期的主要问题——从上瘾、焦虑到强迫性暴饮暴食和人际关系
问题——可以更好地理解和解决。)”，且文章第五段首句再次点明本文话题“Want to know
about how childhood experiences can affect your adult relationships?(想知道童年经历如何影响
你成年后的人际关系吗?)”,即，文章主要以一个研究“一个人的童年时期经历对成年时期出现
的问题的有利解决”为话题，阐明了两者之间的密切关系。故选 A 项。
13．词义猜测题。通过分析划线单词所在句“For anyone who experienced trauma in their early
years, those feelings can resurface later in life”可知，划线单词所在句为主句，且主句应是与前
文的定语从句“who experienced trauma in their early years(在早年经历过创伤)”在语意表达上
是相呼应的，即，“those feelings(那些感觉)”呼应“trauma(创伤)”，“later in life(在以后的生活
中 / 成 年 时 期 )” 呼 应 “in their early years( 在 早 年 / 童 年 时 期 )” ， “can resurface” 应 是 与
本卷由系统自动生成，请仔细校对后使用，答案仅供参考。
答案第 5页，总 13页
“experienced(经历)”相呼应，结合语意“在以后的生活”可推知，划线单词“resurface”应是表达
“再次经历/再现”含义，与选项 C“reappear(再现)”表达含义一致。故选 C 项。
14．推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容“Childhood is where we learn how to relate, where we
develop our sense of self-worth and our interpersonal skills, so even minor forms of trauma, abuse
or neglect can have an outsize influence later on in life.(童年是我们学习如何联系的地方，是我
们发展自我价值感和人际交往能力的地方，所以即使是轻微的创伤、虐待或忽视都会对以后
的生活产生巨大的影响。)”可知，童年时期的创伤经历会对成年时期产生很大的影响，由此
可推知，该段内容在表明成年时期的行为会影射童年经历，在某种程度上是童年时期经历的
反映。故选 A 项。
15．推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容“For anyone who experienced trauma in their early years,
those feelings can resurface later in life, explains Diane Young, a senior mental doctor at South
Pacific Private.(南太平洋私人医院的高级心理医生黛安·杨解释说，对于那些早年经历过创伤
的人来说，这些感觉可能会在晚年再次浮现。)”中提及的 Dr. Yang 的身份是南太平洋私人医
院的高级心理医生，她发表的言论是关于“童年创伤对成年期影响”的，由此可推知，南太平
洋私人医院是一个处理儿童心理健康问题的组织，比如创伤。故选 B 项。
七选五
16．C
17．F
18．G
19．A
20．B
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。减少班容量传统上被认为可以提高学生的成绩。但新的研究发现，班容量
小可能会提高部分学生的阅读成绩，但对于学生的数学成绩来说，没有明显的作用。
16．上一句提到：减小班容量可以使老师们给学生更多的关注。该句承接上文，应该继续介
绍这么做的好处，故 C 选项切题：这从理论上可以提高学生的学习成绩。C 选项中的 This
指代上一句的内容。
17．根据上一句中的“it can have very high costs”和下一句中的“Financial limitations make it
very difficult”可知，该段介绍的是班容量和成本方面的关系，选项中只有 F 选项和此有关，
故 F 选项切题：提高班容量是学校控制教育费用的常见的方式之一。
本卷由系统自动生成，请仔细校对后使用，答案仅供参考。
答案第 6页，总 13页
18．该空前面介绍的新研究的对象和目的。那么，该空仍然要介绍新研究的相关内容，故 G
选项切题。该空主要介绍新研究的重点：他们特别关注那些试图衡量班级规模是否会带来更
大学术成就的研究。下一句中的“10 main studies”亦是对该空的补充说明。
19．该空前面提到：有一些证据表明减小班容量可能会导致学生阅读成绩的提高。后一句提
到：他们发现，来自小容量班学生的随机选择的测试分数只有 53%的几率会高于来自大容量
班级学生的所选分数。该空承上启下，应该表明小班教学实际上效果不是很好，故 A 选项
切题。
20．上一句提到：来自小容量班学生的随机选择的测试分数只有 53%的几率会高于来自大容
量班级学生的所选分数。下一句提到：这导致研究者们得出结论：班级容量小对于学生的数
学成绩没有好处。该空承接上文，还应该介绍班容量和数学成绩有关的内容，故 B 选项切
题：对于数学成绩来说，这个几率只有 49%。
完形填空
21．B
22．A
23．B
24．C
25．C
26．A
27．C
28．D
29．A
30．D
31．B
32．D
33．B
34．C
35．A
【分析】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者结合 Morten Hansen 的个人经历和调查研究发现：人们在少做
一些事的情况下，精力更集中，效率更高，而且会把事情做得更好。
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答案第 7页，总 13页
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：句意：当两个同事准备相同的展示时，工作的性质是一样的，
但一个工作更好？A. staff 员工；B. nature 性质；C. pattern 模式；D.amount 数量,金额。根据
该空前的“identical presentations(相同的展示)”可知，两人的工作性质（nature）相同，但其中
一人完成得更好。故选 B 项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：莫顿·汉森有着类似的个人经历。A.similar 类似的；B.worthless
没用的，无价值的；C.professional 专业的；D.opposite 相反的。根据下文““When I was in a
company in London, I worked really hard and tried to 3 ,” he says. “And I did.
But I found my colleagues working more 4 than I was” 可知，Morten Hansen
也有类似的（similar）个人经历，即努力做了相同的事情，但同事的表现更出色。故选 A 项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“当我在伦敦的一家公司里，我非常努力，力图去成功”他说。
A.understand 理解；B.succeed 成功；C.relax 放松；D.cooperate 合作。根据下文“And I did. But
I found my colleagues working more 4 than I was, and they also performed
better though they did less”可知，此处指他努力工作并力图成功（succeed），但是一些同事的
表现更出色。故选 B 项。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是我发现我的同事比我工作效率高，他们也表现得更好，
尽管他们做得更少。A.positively 积极地；B.carefully 仔细地；C.efficiently 高效地；D.patiently
耐心地。根据下文“and they also performed better though they did less. That made me confused.””
可知，Morten Hansen 发现同事虽然事情做得少，但是工作更高效率（efficiently），工作完成
得也比他好。故选 C 项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：疑惑一直伴随着他，他决心找到答案。A.secret 秘密；B.moral
道德；C.doubt 疑惑；D.faith 信仰。根据上文中的“That made me confused”可知，这使他很困
惑，这个疑惑一直困扰着他，于是，他下决心去找答案。故选 C 项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：疑惑一直伴随着他，他决心找到答案。A.resolved 坚定，下
定决心；B.hesitated 犹豫了一下；C.seemed 似乎；D.failed 失败。根据上文中的“That made me
confused”可知，这使他很困惑，这个疑惑一直困扰着他，于是，他下定决心（resolved）去
找答案。故选 A 项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他进行了一项研究，对 5000 多名员工进行了为期五年的调
查，以了解他们是如何工作的，以及工作模式对他们业绩的影响。A.minors 未成年人；
B.interviews 面试；C.employees 员工；D.accidents 事故。根据该空后“ how they worked, and
what 8 working pattern had on their performance.”可知，作者开展了一项研究，
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答案第 8页，总 13页
在五年多的时间里调查了 5000 多名员工（employees）。故选 C 项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他进行了一项研究，对 5000 多名员工进行了为期五年的调
查，以了解他们是如何工作的，以及工作模式对他们业绩的影响。A.impression 印象；
B.judgement 判断；C.comment 评论；D.impact 影响。根据该空后“working pattern had on their
performance.”可知，Morten Hansen 想知道他们的工作方式对他们的工作表现有何影响。固
定短语 have impact on 意为“对某人或事物有影响”。 故选 D 项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说：“我们总是认为，通过做更多的事情，我们会取得更
多的成就。”A.achieve 取得，达到；B.budget 预算；C.apply 申请；适用；D.satisfy 满足。根
据上文“We always think that by doing more”可推知，我们总以为只要做得多，我们就能取得
（achieve）更大的成就。故选 A 项。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我们发现，表现最好的人做的恰恰相反，而且他
们非常有选择性。A.extra 额外的；B.familiar 熟悉的；C.rough 粗糙的；D.opposite 相反的。
根据下文“It’s almost a contrary view on how you are supposed to 12 and
behave.””可知，恰恰相反（opposite），对于应该如何工作，这几乎是一种相反的观点，工作
中表现最佳的人并没有兼顾很多事，他们做事是有选择的。故选 D 项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们做的越少，然后他们在这几件事上表现出色，这就是他
们如何超越其他人的原因。A.adore 喜欢；B.outperform 超越，胜过；C. interfere 干扰；D.uncover
揭开。根据“and then they excel in those few things”可知，这些人在工作中表现好的人做得少
而精，这就是他们超越（outperform）其他人的原因。故选 B 项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于你应该如何工作和行为，这几乎是一种相反的观点。
A.correspond 对应；B.analyze 分析；C.explain 解释；D.work 工作。根据上段中的“…how they
worked, and what 8 working pattern had on their performance.”可知，这个研究
结果对于人们应该如何工作（work），如何表现来说，是一个相反的观点。故选 D 项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：少做些事来做得更好——这确实有它的吸引力。A.tradition
传统；B.appeal 吸引力；C.condition 条件；D.weakness 弱点。根据上文“Do less to perform better-
that indeed”可知，少做事就能表现得更好，这个说法当然有其吸引力（appeal）。故选 B 项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是如果你的老板不买账，而且继续堆积工作给你呢？A.treat
治疗；B.guarantee 保证；C.buy 买；D. manage 管理，应付。根据下文“keeps piling on the work”
可知，此处指如果老板并不买（buy）账，即不相信少做事就能表现得更好，并不断地把工
作推给你。故选 C 项。
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答案第 9页，总 13页
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：只要以适当的方式拒绝它，你就会发现你更有能力做你的工
作。A. turn down 拒绝；B. keep off 请勿，不接近；C. put up with 忍受；D. make use of 利用。
根据上文“They do less, and then they excel in those few things and that’s how they 11
the rest.”可知，有些人做的更少可以在这几件事上表现出色，是他们如何超越其他人的原因。
所以要想做的更好，面对老板的发难，应该以恰当的方式拒绝（turn down）一些工作。故选
A 项。
语法填空
1．when
2．performers
3．their
4．with
5．The
6．has become
7．are
8．extremely
9．designed
10．to know
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了京剧中使用的脸谱的相关信息。
1．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：京剧中使用的脸谱的起源可以追溯到 1400 多年前，当时
主要演员都戴着面具。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是 more than 1, 400 years ago，在从
句中作时间状语，用关系副词 when。故填 when。
2．考查名词的数。句意：随着戏曲艺术的发展，表演者逐渐摘下面具，在脸上画上五颜六
色的图案，这样人们就能更好地看到他们的面部表情。此处用指人的名词作主语，performer
是可数名词，指“不止一个表演者”，用名词复数形式。故填 performers。
3．考查代词。句意：随着戏曲艺术的发展，表演者逐渐摘下面具，在脸上画上五颜六色的
图案，这样人们就能更好地看到他们的面部表情。此处用形容词性物主代词 their 作定语，
修饰名词短语 facial expressions。故填 their。
4．考查介词。句意：中国戏曲脸谱是一种具有中国文化特色的特殊化妆方法。由句意可知，
此处表“具有中国文化特色”，with...characteristic（具有……特征），介词 with（具有）。故填
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答案第 10页，总 13页
with。
5．考查冠词。句意：中国脸谱的绘画技法与人物的个性密切相关。此处特指“中国戏曲脸谱
的绘画技法”，用定冠词 the 表特指，首字母大写。故填 The。
6．考查时态。句意：经过多年的发展，它已成为中华文化的重要组成部分。此处缺乏谓语，
由时间状语 Over the years 可知，时态用现在完成时（has/have done），主语 it 是单数，谓语
也用单数形式。故填 has become。
7．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：脸谱里有四个角色，生、旦、净和丑。此处缺乏谓语，讲
的是事实，时态用一般现在时，主语 four roles 是复数，就近原则，谓语用复数形式。故填
are。
8．考查副词。句意：中国人的面部妆容在色彩和图案上都非常程式化，但没有两张画的脸
是一样的。此处用副词 extremely（非常）作状语，修饰动词 stylized。故填 extremely。
9．考查过去分词。句意：例如，为《霸王别姬》中的主人公项羽设计的脸谱有 100 多种，
每一种都不尽相同。本句已有谓语 are 且无连词，动词 design 用非谓语形式，名词短语
face-painting styles 和动词 design 是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词表被动，作名词短语
face-painting styles 的后置定语。故填 designed。
10．考查动词不定式。句意：各种各样的中国脸谱使观众更容易了解一个人物，并更多地参
与到表演的欣赏中。固定搭配 enable sb. to do sth.（使某人能做某事），用动词不定式（to do）
形式。故填 to know。
书面表达
Save Food and Oppose Food Waste
It is a common phenomenon that people order more food than they can eat, and even throw
away their leftovers in restaurants, which has caused lots of wasting. Here, I'd like to give some
advice on reducing food waste. .
First, we should have the awareness of saving food. Besides, we ought to treasure grain
wherever we are. Last but not least, we should have the courage to fight against wasting food.
Just as the saying goes, “Saving is earning.”Saving food is a virtue. So let's act now to save
food as much as possible.
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“节约粮食,反对餐饮浪费”为主题写一篇征文参加比
赛。
本卷由系统自动生成，请仔细校对后使用，答案仅供参考。
答案第 11页，总 13页
【详解】
词汇积累
常见的：common→general
导致：cause→lead to
减少：reduce→decrease
意识：awareness→understanding
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：So let's act now to save food as much as possible.
拓展句：Therefore，let’s do whatever we can to save food.
原句：First, we should have the awareness of saving food.
拓展句：We should have the awareness that we should save food。
【点睛】
[高分句型 1]
It is a common phenomenon that people order more food than they can eat, and even throw away
their leftovers in restaurants, which has caused lots of wasting. 使用了 it 形式主语，that 引导主
语从句，which 引导定语从句
[高分句型 2]
Just as the saying goes, “Saving is earning.”使用了 as 引导的定语从句
读后续写
The mother said,“This chocolate is a reward for your imagination -- a window-opening cat!”
Hearing her sincere appreciation, Ben flushed, lowered his head and muttered a thank-you.
Surprisingly, the mother took out another chocolate and pressed it into his hand.“This one is for
the delicate repair work you did to the broken vase.”She also added that she was moved by how
much the boy cherished the family possessions. At these hearty remarks, Ben felt a flow of shame
through his veins, and had to duck his head even lower. The mother then calmly encouraged Ben
to reward himself more chocolate for any other merits he had displayed in this event. He did as
was told to, confessing that he was calm when facing the accident.
Now with some chocolate in hand, the boy’s bad attitude disappeared.His palm and forehead
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答案第 12页，总 13页
sweating, nervousness welled up inside him. After what seemed a long time, he looked up at his
mother, admitted that it was not the cat but he that had broken the vase accidentally and asked for
punishment.“I’m sorry I lied to you, mum. Please take back the chocolate.” Feeling so ashamed,
Ben couldn’t hold back his tears. He opened his palm wide, ready to return the chocolate. To his
surprise, however, his mother placed the whole bag of chocolate in his hand, smiling. “Honesty
deserves the best reward, my dear.”
【分析】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了 Ben 不小心打碎花瓶，并对妈妈说谎是猫打碎的，妈妈并
没有责备他，拿出巧克力诱导他做一个诚实的人，Ben 最后说出了真相，得到了妈妈的奖励
的故事。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“妈妈说这个巧克力是你想象力的回报，一只从开着的窗子进来的猫！”
可知，第一段可描写妈妈用奖励巧克力的方式诱导 Ben 承认自己打碎了花瓶。
②由第二段首句内容“现在手里拿着巧克力，男孩的沮丧的态度消失了。”可知，第二段可描
写 Ben 良心不安，无法继续装作是猫打碎的花瓶，对妈妈坦白错误的经过。
2.续写线索：奖励——羞愧——不安——坦白——奖励——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①奖励：reward/hearty remarks/encourage for
②坦白：admit/confess
情绪类
①羞愧：lower his head/shame/be sorry for
②不安：palm and forehead sweating/nervousness
【点睛】
[高分句型 1].Hearing her sincere appreciation, Ben flushed, lowered his head and muttered a
thank-you.（现在分词作伴随状语）
[高分句型 2] She also added that she was moved by how much the boy cherished the family
possessions.（that 引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型 3] After what seemed a long time, he looked up at his mother, admitted that it was not
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答案第 13页，总 13页
the cat but he that had broken the vase accidentally and asked for punishment.（what 引导的宾语
从句、after 引导时间状语从句以及强调句型）
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