2022 年高考英语一轮复习讲练测
第 01 讲 必修 1 Unit1 ——讲
【核心素养分析】
语言知识 ：要求考生掌握并能运用英语词汇、语法基础知识以及所学话题。
1.考纲内要掌握的词汇、短语和句型
项目 单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）
重点单词
1．upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 vt.使不安；使心烦
2．ignore vt.不理睬；忽视→ignorance n．愚昧→ignorant adj.无知的；粗鲁的
3．calm vt. & vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定 adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的
4．concern vt. & n．(使)担忧；涉及；关系到；担心；关注；(利害)关系→concerned adj.担忧的
→concerning prep.关于
5．loose adj.松的；松开的
6．series n．连续；系列
7．outdoors adv.在户外；在野外
8．entire adj.整个的；完全的；全部的
9．power n．能力；力量；权力→powerful adj.有权势的
10．settle vi.安家；定居；停留 vt.使安居；安排；解决→settled adj.→settlement n．安居；定居
11．suffer vt. &vt.遭受；忍受；经历→suffering n．痛苦；折磨
12．recover vi. &vt.痊愈；恢复；重新获得→recovery n．痊愈
13．pack vi. &vt.捆扎；包装；打行李 n．小包；包裹
14．exactly adv.确实如此；正是；确切地→exact adj.精确的
15．disagree vi.不同意→disagreement n．→agree 反义词
重点短语
1．add up 合计 2．calm down 平静下来；镇定下来
3．have got to 不得不，必须 4．be concerned about 关心，挂念
5．go through 经历；经受 6．set down 放下；记下；登记
7．a series of 一连串的；一系列的 8．on purpose 故意
9．in order to 为了…… 10．at dusk 在黄昏时刻
11．face to face 面对面 12．no longer/not any longer 不再
2. 语法基础知识—— 名词性从句（1）
主题语境：话题——友谊
语言技能：能在主题语境下，运用所学的语言知识写出日常生活事物的应用文。
【基础巩固】
知识点 1．upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的，不适的 vt. 使不安；使心烦，打乱(upset; upset)
【归纳拓展】
be upset about 对……感到心烦
It upsets sb. that 让某人心烦的是……
It upsets sb. to do sth. 做……使某人不快
upset the plan 搅乱了计划
【典例 1】
1.What were you upset or regretting during the Covid19 outbreak?
2.You might be too upset (think) straight, or you might not have all the information
you need to address the problem.
3.I don't remember people's names and often make them wrong, upsets me.
4. upsets me is that I often make mistakes in pronunciation.
5. upsets him to point out the mistake his boss has made.
13．suffer from 遭受；患病 14．get/be tired of 对……厌烦
15．pack (sth.) up 将(东西)装箱打包 16．get along with 与……相处；进展
17．fall in love 相爱；爱上 18．join in 参加；加入
经典句型
（高考书
面表达必
备）
1．While walking the dog,_you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.你在遛狗的时候不
小心让狗松脱了，接着它被一辆小车撞着了。
2．... tell him/her that he/she should have studied...
……告诉他/她本该学习……
3．I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy
about everything to do with nature.我不知道这是不是因为我长时间无法出门的缘故，使我变得对
一切与大自然有关的事物都那样狂热。
4．...it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face...
……这是我一年半以来第一次观察夜晚……
5．Mother asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.妈妈问她穿这么多衣服是
不是很热。
【答案】1.about 2.to think 3.which 4.What 5.It
【变式】
1．（上海交大附中期中）House market is easily __________by factors which have nothing to do
with property.
A．upset B．prohibited C．evolved D．risked
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：房地产市场很容易受到与房地产无关的因素的影响。A.
upset 搅乱；B. prohibited 禁止；C. evolved 进化；使逐步发展；D. risked 冒险。结合句意可
知，主语“house market”与之后提及的“factors”之间的关系应是“被其影响”。故选 A 项。
2.The ______news made him feel _______.
A．upset; upset B．upsetting; upset
C．upset; upsetting D．upsetting; upsetting
【答案】B
【解析】词义辨析。Upsetting，令人心烦的；upset 感到心烦的。句意：这个令人心烦的消
息让他感到很心烦。所以选 B。
3.Knowing the result of the exam, he went home and lay in bed, ________ .
A．upset B．was upset C．felt upset D．and upset
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词做状语：句意：知道考试的结果，他回到家，躺在床上，很难过。因为
那个 upset 是形容词 描述 he 的状态，形容词在句子后面表伴随，描述状态，选 A。
4.It is getting colder. I hope the sudden change of climate _____ you.
A．don’t upset B．didn’t upset
C．hasn’t upset D．won’t upset
【答案】D
【解析】句意：天气越来越冷了，我希望天气突然变化不会对你有什么影响。因为是希望，
所以用一般将来时，选 D。
知识点 2．ignore vt. 不理睬；忽视；不顾(强调“装作不知道或没看到”
【归纳拓展】
ignorant adj. 无知的；愚昧的；不知道的
ignorance n. 无知；愚昧；不知道
ignore sb./sth. 不理睬某人/假装不知道或未见
be ignorant of/about sth.＝be in ignorance of sth.不知道某事
【典例 2】
1．（2021·天津期末）___________（ignore）the mistakes in homework will have a bad effect on
your learning.
【答案】Ignoring
【解析】句意：忽视家庭作业中的错误会对你的学习产生不好的影响。分析句子可知，设空
处为主语，应用动名词形式，并且是主动形式，故填 Ignoring。
2.（2021·咸丰春晖学校练习）I was walking near to wave，but he stood there，___(ignore) me.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】ignoring
【解析】考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意：我走过去向他招手，但他站在那里，不理我。该
句是并列句，由 but 连接；后面分句已有谓语动词 stood ，he 和 ignore 之间是主动关系，用
现在分词作伴随状语。故填 ignoring。
3．（2021·全国）It was the first time that he____________(ignore) my feeling. I was really sad. (所
给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had ignored
【解析】考查时态。句意：这是他第一次无视我的感受，我真的很伤心。分析句子结构可知，
这是一个主语从句，结合句意及主句中谓语动词 was，从句的动作 ignore 应该发生在过去的
过去，因此，从句谓语动词应该用过去完成时 had ignored。故填 had ignored。
4．（2021·全国）I think it is wrong of you ________(ignore) the teacher's advice. (所给词的适
当形式填空)
【答案】to ignore
【解析】考查不定式。句意：我认为你忽视老师的建议是错误的。分析句子可知，句中 it
是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式符合结构，所以句中要填不定式 to ignore。
5.（2021·全国）She saw him coming but she ________ (ignore)him. (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】ignored
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：她看见他走过来，但没理他。but 前后为并列句，时态一致，
根据“saw”可知，使用一般过去时。故填 ignored。
【变式】
1.（2020·江苏高三）________ the mistake in the beginning, the problem could have been
prevented at its source.
A．Had not the company ignored B．If the company didn't ignore
C．Had the company not ignored D．Would the company not ignore
【答案】C
【解析】考查虚拟语气省略句的倒装句。句意：如果公司在一开始没有忽略这个错误，这个
问题本来是可以从源头上预防的。根据 the problem could have been prevented at its source 可
知此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，即 If the company had not ignored，此处省略了 if，因此
要用倒装句，即要把助动词提前到主语前面，否定词 not 不能提前。故选 C 项。
2.（2020·天津高三）________ for many years，the novelist suddenly became famous.
A．Having ignored B．Having been ignored
C．Ignoring D．To be ignored
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：多年被忽视，这位小说家突然出名了。因 ignore 和 the novelist
是动宾关系，而不是主谓关系，即“被忽视”，故可排除表主动意义的 A、C。D 是不定式的
被动式，表示将来意义，与句意不符，可排除。此处用现在分词的完成被动式表示动作的完
成，且与主语的关系是逻辑上的被动。故 B 选项正确。
3. —Tom is always saying I’m ugly，Mom．
—Just ______ him．You are the most beautiful in my eyes．
A．disagree B．ignore C．command D．dislike
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。此处 A．disagree 不同意，B．ignore 忽视，不管，不顾，C．command
命令，D．dislike 不喜欢，句意：—汤姆总是说我很丑，妈妈。—不管他，你在我眼中是最
漂亮的。根据句意选 B。
4.（2020·天津高三）If you________ any mistakes in the article，just mark them with a pencil.
A．make B．repeat
C．spot D．ignore
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：如果你发现这篇文章里的任何错误，就用铅笔标记一下。
make 制作；repeat 重复；spot 看到，发现；ignore 忽视。根据“just mark them with a pencil.”
可知，发现错误。故 C 选项正确。
知识点 3．concern vt. (使)担忧；涉及；关系到 n. 担心；关注；(利害)关系
【归纳拓展】
concerning prep. 关于 concerned adj. 关心的；挂念的；有关的
show/express concern about/for 对……表示关心/担心 have concern with 和……有关系
with concern 关切地 concern oneself about/for 担忧/关心……
concern oneself with 从事，参与…… concern sb./sth. 与……有关
be concerned about/over/for 关心，挂念 be concerned with/in 牵扯进/参与……
all parties concerned 有关各方 as/so far as... be concerned 就……而言
【典例 3】
单句语法填空
1.It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to
concerns_________ increased screen time.
2.Present at the meeting were the managers of the companies _______(concern).
3.___________ (concern) the future of mankind, this issue was attached with great importance.
答案：①about ②concerned ③Concerning
完成句子
1.如果你关心自己的健康，请咨询你的医生。
If you ________________________ your health, consult your doctor.
2.就我个人而言，赏读同一本书也是一次共同分享的经历。
________________________， it can also be a sharing experience when the same book is
being appreciated.
3.I will tell you that _____________________________________________________(我关心
你).
4.I don't want _________________________________________________(牵扯到这件事情里)．
【答案】 1.are concerned about 2.As far as I'm concerned3.I'm concerned about you4.to be
concerned in this matter/thing
【变式】
1.（2020·天津耀华中学）_______ the right decision _______ our future is probably the most
important thing we will ever do in our life.
A．Making, concerned B．Make, concerning
C．To make, concerned D．Making, concerning
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：就未来而言，做正确的决定可能是我们一生中做的最重要
的事。分析句子可知，句子的谓语是 is，第一处空白应该是 make the right decision（做决定）
充当主语，所以要用动名词形式；第二空应是 concerning 做介词，意为“关于；就......而言”。
故选 D。
2.（2020·天津高三）When it comes to modern communication, network safety is always a major
______ .
A．concern B．advantage C．opportunity D．solution
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：当涉及现代通信，网络安全一直是一个主要担心的问题。A.
concern 关心；令人担忧的事实(或情况；B. advantage 优势；C. opportunity 机会；D. solution
解决。网络安全一直是现代通信的一个主要担心的问题。故选 A。
3．（2020·天津高三）The harmful effects that smog can have on people's health are one of the top
______ of those who live in some cities.
A．concerns B．conflicts
C．characters D．charges
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：雾霾对人们健康的危害是一些城市居民最关心的问题之一。
A. concerns 关心的事、担心；B. conflicts 冲突；C. characters 性格；D. charges 费用。根据“The
harmful effects that smog can have on people's health”可知此处表示“关心的事”，故 A 项正确。
知识点 4．series n. 系列；连续 a series of 一连串的；一系列的 a series of exams 一连
串的考试 a TV series 一部电视连续剧
【归纳拓展】
(1)series 属于单复数同形的单词，类似的单词还有 means, species, works(工厂)，deer, fish, sheep 等。
(2)“a series of＋复数名词”做主语时，谓语动词用单数，但“these/those series of＋复数名词”做主语时，谓语
动词用复数。
【典例 4】
语法填空
1.（2021·全国高）Our government has paid attention to the situation and has taken a series
_______ measures.
【答案】of
【解析】考查介词。句意：政府已经关注这种情况，并采取了一系列措施。短语 a series of
意为：一系列的。故 of。
2.（2021·全国）Wasn’t it the icy road rather than the drivers that was to blame for______ series of
traffic accidents? （用适当的词填空）
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：这一系列交通事故的罪魁祸首不是结冰路面，而是司机吗？特指
发生的一系列交通事故。故填 the。
3. （2021·全国）__________ series of movies will be shown to commemorate the 30th
anniversary of his death. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】A
【解析】考查冠词。句意：为了纪念他逝世 30 周年，一系列电影将要被放映。泛指一系列
的电影。故填 A。
【变式】
完成句子
(1)It is an article ______________________．这是一篇关于那部电视连续剧的文章。
(2)There's been ________________________ on this road recently. 最近在这条路上发生了一
连串的事故。
【答案】(1)on/about that TV series (2)a series of accidents
单项选择
1.（黑龙江牡丹江一中）He is so clever that he can solve ______ problems by himself.
A．a great many of B．a large amount of
C．a series of D．much
【答案】C
【解析】考查数词。句意：他很聪明，能自己解决一系列问题。A. a great many 后直接加可
数名词复数，不需要介词 of；B. a large amount of +不可数名词；C. a series of+可数名词复数；
D. much + 不可数名词。故选 C。
2.So far a series of problems ________ brought about by this decision.
A．have B．has
C．have been D．has been
C 考查动词的语态和主谓一致。由于 problems 是复数，谓语动词应用复数形式；由于 bring
与 the decision 之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态。
知识点 5．settle vi. 安家；定居；停留 vt. 使定居；安排；解决
【归纳拓展】
settle in/into (使)适应(新的家、工作、环境等)，习惯于；安顿下来
settle down 安居下来；定居，过安定生活，舒适地坐下或躺下
settle on/upon 同意，决定；在某处停留/栖息 settle down to n．/v.－ing
get down to n．/v.－ing 开始认真做……，专心于…… settle one's affairs 安排/解决好自己的事情
settle a dispute/an argument 解决争端
【典例 5】
用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．（2021·全国高）I’m afraid we’ll have to work extra hours, for some problems are hard
________ (settle). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to settle
【解析】
考查非谓语动词。句意：恐怕我们得加班了，因为有些问题难以解决。分析句子结构，空处
需填动词不定式作原因状语，修饰形容词 hard，句子的主语 some problems 是不定式的逻辑
宾语，故此处用主动形式表示被动意义。故填 to settle。
2．（2021·全国）We appreciate your apologies and goodwill, but we hope that you can figure a
good way of ________(settle) the matter. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】settling
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们感谢你的歉意和善意，但我们希望你能想出一个好的
办法来解决此事。分析可知，介词 of 后跟动名词作宾语。故填 settling。
完成句子
(1)I sorted out my mails, and then____________________________(开始做一些严肃的工作)．
(2)They________________________________________________________________________
(结婚了并定居在) London.
【答案】(1)settled down to doing some serious work(2)got married and settled down in
【变式】
1．（2021·上海复旦附中）As we have mentioned previously, we will be dedicated to _____ the
dispute within the current framework, rather than _____ a new one.
A．settle...establish B．settling...establish
C．settle...to establish D．settling...establishing
【答案】D
【解析】
考查动名词。句意：正如我们前面提到的，我们将致力于在目前的框架内解决争端，而不是
建立一个新的框架。固定短语 be dedicated to“致力于”，to 是介词，后接动名词；第二个空
由 rather than 可知是与第一个空结构一致，因此也用动名词。故选 D 项。
2．（2021·黑龙江大庆市·）Let’s try and see if we can find a way to ________ these
financial issues.
A．attempt B．settle C．suffer D．account
【答案】B
【解析】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我们看看能不能找到解决这些财务问题的办法。A. attempt 试
图，尝试； B. settle 解决，安排； C. suffer 遭受，忍受； D. account 认为是，视为。由语
意可知，是让我们找到解决财务问题的办法。故选 B 项。
3.（2020·江苏高三）We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems ______.
A．to be settled B．to settle C．settled D．having settled
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们匆匆忙忙地结束了会议，留下了很多问题等待解决。
根据句意可知，这些问题是等待解决的，故用不定式作宾语补足语，不定式表示未发生的动
作；problems 与 settle 之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。故选 A。
4.According to his letter, he had to _______ his affairs in Paris before he could return home．
A．settle B．suffer C．pack D．persuade
A 考查动词词义辨析。A．settle 定居，解决，处理，B．suffer 遭受，C．pack 收拾行李，D．persuade
说服，句意：根据他的信，他回家前不得不处理好在巴黎的事务。选 A。
知识点 6．suffer vt.& vi. 遭受；忍受；经历
【归纳拓展】
suffering n. (身体、精神上的)痛苦，苦恼、苦难的经历
suffer pain/loss/defeat/punishment/hardship
遭受痛苦/损失/失败/惩罚/艰难
suffer from 受……折磨，受……之苦；患……疾病
【典例 6】
所给词的适当形式填空
1．（2021·西藏日喀则上海实验学校）We should always remember the ________(suffer) that we
have experienced. (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】suffering
【解析】考查名词。句意：我们应该永远记住我们所经历的苦难。根据设空前的定冠词 the，
可知此处要用名词，作宾语。动词 suffer，意为“受苦，受难”，其名词形式 suffering，意为“痛
苦，苦难”为不可数名词，故填 suffering。
2．（2021·鸡东县第二中学）Although he is suffering ________ a serious cancer now, he goes to
work as usual. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】from
【解析】考查介词，固定短语。句意：虽然他现在正患着严重的癌症，但他照常上班。根据
空前的 suffering 及后面的 cancer 可知，此处表达“患了癌症”，应使用 suffer from…。故填 from。
3．（2021·全国高）These old people have experienced all kinds of__________(suffer) in their
difficult times．.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】sufferings
【解析】考查名词。句意：这些老人在他们的困难时期经历了各种各样的痛苦。分析句子结
构可知，all kinds of 为固定短语，修饰可数名词复数，设空处需填 suffer 的名词形式，suffering
意为“痛苦”，是可数名词，其复数形式是 sufferings。故填 sufferings。
4．（2021·河南信阳市）He ______________ (suffer) lots of hardships before he became a football
star. （用所给单词适当形式填空）
【答案】had suffered /suffered
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：他在成为足球明星之前遭受了许多困难。此处可以指过去遭
受了困难，表示过去的动作用一般过去时。成为足球明星是一般过去时，此处也可以理解为
动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填 had suffered /suffered。
【变式】
1．（2021·安徽安庆市）The farmers________ a lot ________ the flood, because it rained heavily．
A．suffered；from B．suffered；of C．suffered；for D．suffered；as
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：由于雨下得太大了，那些农民因为洪水吃了很多苦头。结合
后文“the flood”指“深受……之苦”短语为 suffer a lot from。故选 A。
2.______ such a heavy loss in the earthquake, they got help from all over the world.
A．Suffer B．Having suffered
C．Suffered D．To suffer
【答案】B
【解析】句意：他们在地震中遭受了如此大的损失，他们收到了来自世界各地的帮助。Suffer
与主语 they 之间是主动关系，又 Suffer 的动作发生在动作 got 之前，因此用现在分词的完成
时。故选 B。
3.（2019·天津）_______ another hit in his business, Mr. Green hasn’t got the courage to try again.
A．Suffering B．Being suffered C．Suffered D．Having suffered
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：格林先生的生意又受了打击，没有勇气再试一次。本句中
suffer 做非谓语动词与逻辑主语 Mr. Green 构成主动关系，故用现在分词。且“生意遭受打击”
发生在“没有勇气再试一次”之前，故应用 having done 形式。故选 D。
知识点 7．add up
【归纳拓展】
add up 合计 add sth. up 把……加起来
add up to 加起来共计/达 add...to... 把……加在/上……
add to 增加；增添 add that...补充说
【典例 7】
单句语法填空
①Please add all the figures ， and you will get the total.
②As is known to all, good friends add happiness and value life.
③He expressed his thanks to the hostess, (add) that he would come to visit them next
summer holiday.
④When asked to fill out (add) information, he became a little impatient and even
annoyed.
【答案】①up ②to ③adding ④additional
单句表达
①除了一本照相簿外，我还给了他一支钢笔和一支铅笔。
I gave him a pen and a pencil an album.
②此外，还有一点要说。There is, ， one further point to make.
【答案】①in addition to ②in addition
用 add 或其相关短语的适当形式完成句子
(1)Will you ________some sugar ________the coffee, please?
(2)The piece of music ________our enjoyment.
(3)“I will come later.” he________ (补充说).
(4)________your score and see how many points you get.
【答案】(1)add; to (2)adds/added to (3)adds/added (4)Add up
【变式】
1.（江苏高三月考）Thanks for bringing so many beautiful balloons, which ____the festival
atmosphere.
A．led to. B．added to. C．appealed to. D．turned to.
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：谢谢你带来这么多漂亮的气球，增添了节日的气氛。A.
led to 导致；B. added to 增加，增添；C. appealed to 呼吁，要求；D. turned to 求助于。表示“增
加”，故选 B.
2.（江苏）To find the missing boy as soon as possible, they were reminded to turn to the Internet
______ dialing 110.
A．in place of B．in addition to C．in response to D．in regard to
【答案】B
【解析】考查短语辨析。句意：为了尽快找到失踪的男孩，他们被提醒除了拨打 110 外，也
要上网求助。in place of 代替；in addition to 除…之外；in response to 对…做出反应；in regard
to 关于。分析语增可知，此处是指“为了尽快找到失踪的男孩，他们被提醒除了拨打 110 外，
也要上网求助。”根据语境可知，是除…之外，可知要用“in addition to”，故选 B。
3.（2019·黑龙江哈尔滨市月考）Although he had looked through all the reference material on the
subject, he still found it hard to understand this point and her explanation only _____ his
confusion.
A．account for B．amount to
C．add to D．care for
【答案】C
【解析】考查词组辨析。句意：虽然他已经浏览了所有关于这个主题的参考资料，但他发现
他仍然很难理解这一点，而她的解释只是增加了他的困惑。A. account for 说明……的原因；
B. amount to 相当于，总计为；C. add to 增加；D. care for 照顾。根据句意，选 C 项。
4.You’d better ________ your scores and see if you have passed the exam．
A．add up B．add up to C．add to D．add to up
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你最好把你的分数加起来，看看是否通过了考试。此处
add up 加起来；add up to 总共； add to 加到……上。根据句意选 A。
知识点 8．go through
【归纳拓展】
go through＝experience 经历，经受
＝examine carefully 仔细检查
＝look through 浏览，翻阅
＝pass (through) 通过，经过
＝be used up 用完
【典例 8】
写出下列句中 go through 的含义
①Not until he went through real hardship did he realize the love we have for our families is
important.
②I always start the day by going through my mail.
③The boy went through two whole loaves of bread.
④We went through two caves, an extremely unusual part of the journey.
【答案】①经历 ②仔细检查 ③吃光 ④穿过
根据汉语提示完成句子
(1)She ________________________________________________(翻遍她所有的衣服) to
find something to wear at the party.
(2)The two countries ______________________(经历了很多战争).
(1)went through all her clothes(2)went through many wars
【变式】
选择填空
Remember to ______ the pockets before you put those trousers in the washing machine.
A．get through B．pass through C．go through D．get along with
C 考查动词词组辨析。A. get through 接通；B. pass through 通过；C. go through 经历，检查；
D. get along with 和…相处，进展。句意：记住在把裤子放进洗衣机前要检查口袋。选 C。
知识点 10．set down
【归纳拓展】
set down
(1)＝write down 写下，记下
(2)＝put down 放下，搁下
(3)＝stop and allow sb. to get off 让某人下车
(4)＝explain or describe to oneself as 解释为，认为(与 as 连用)
set about doing sth.开始干某事(＝set out to do sth.)
set sb. a good example 为……树立好榜样
【典例 10】
写出下列句中 set down 的含义
①If you want to study English well you've to set down every word the teacher writes on the
blackboard.
②The man poured a full glass of whisky, and set down the bottle noiselessly.
③Please set down your address and phone number at the registration table.
【答案】①记下；写下 ②放下 ③登记
用 set 的相关短语填空
①That organization was twenty years ago.
②Regardless of the heavy snow, he for the town.
③Terrorists a bomb in the city centre killing at least 10 innocents.
④The woman against the wall and then left.
【答案】①set up ②set out/off ③set off ④set the table
【变式】
单项选择
（2020·天津高三）He made a good impression last week and ______ to the second round of
interviews for the post.
A．got through B．settled down C．came up D．gave in
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：上周他给人留下了很好的印象，通过了这个职位的第二
轮面试。A. got through 通过；B. settled down 定居下来；安顿下来；C. came up 被提出；D. gave
in 屈服。根据上文“他给人留下了很好的印象”可推断，他通过了第二轮面试。故选 A。
根据汉语提示完成句子
(1)I ________________________________(已将每件事记了下来)that happened.
(2)Please ______________________________(写下你的想法) on a piece of paper.
【答案】(1)have written/put/set down everything (2)set/put/write down your ideas/thoughts
知识点 11．get along
【归纳拓展】
get along/on with 与……相处
get along/on well/nicely with....进展(谈及或问及工作情况)
get along/on(well)with sb 与某人相处(得好)
get along/on(well/smoothly)with sth 某事进展(得很好/很顺利)
get back 返回，回去；寻回，找回
get in 到达；收割；上班
get over 解决；克服；控制
表示“进展，进行”时，get along＝get on，其中 along 和 on 是副词，其后不能直接加宾语。
【典例 11】
用 get 相关短语的适当形式填空
①We were held up for materials at first, but now we are quite nicely.
②Five minutes later they discussing the new plan.
③The teacher the meaning of every word.
④Our line can get very busy, but please keep trying and you will soon ．
⑤It is very hard for me but I start to my weakness.
⑥With the help of the teacher, he his bad habits.
【答案】①getting along/on ②got down to ③got across ④get through ⑤get over ⑥got rid
of
完成句子
(1)How is he ____________________ his studies?他的学习进展如何？
(2)He ____________________________ his boss.他与老板相处得很好。
【答案】(1)getting along/on with(2)gets along/on well with
【变式】
选择填空
Last night I came across the man ____ you think is pleasant to ________.
A．who; get along B．whom; get along
C．who; get along with D．whom; get along with
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。此处 the man 是先行词，you think 是插入语，先行词在定
语从句中作主语，同时作 with 的宾语。故选 C。句意：昨天晚上我遇到了你认为那个好相
处的人。
翻译句子
(1)How is the work getting along？ (1)工作进展如何？
(2)How are you getting along with your studies? (2)你功课学得怎样？
(3)Selfish men are hard to get along with. (3)自私的人很难相处。
【考点精讲】
考点 1：in order to
【教材原句】For example, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until
half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.比方说，有天晚上天
气很暖和，我熬到 11 点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮。
【典例 1】
（2020·天津市宁河区芦台第一中学高三月考）________, the person insisted that he should be
separated from his relatives.
A．In order to avoid to be infected B．In order to avoid being infected
C．Avoiding being infected D．Avoiding to be infected
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了避免受到影响，这个人坚持要和他的亲戚分开。固定
短语 avoid doing sth.意为“避免做某事”, 与逻辑主语 the person 为被动关系，故用被动语态
avoid being done。根据句意，逗号前面部分应该是目的状语，故用不定式作目的状语。故选
B 项。
【总结提高】
in order to 为了……
(1)in order to 引导的目的状语，可置于句首或句末，可换成 to (do sth.)。
so as to 引导的目的状语，其位置一般在句末。
(2)否定结构：in order not to do 和 so as not to do。
(3)前后两部分主语一致时，才能用 in order to 或 so as
to 来引导，否则，改用 so that 或 in order that 来引导。
【变式】
1.翻译句子。
(1) In order to see it clearly, I put on my glasses. ＝I put on my glasses in order to see it clearly.
＝I put on my glasses so as to see it clearly.＝I put on my glasses to see it clearly.＝To see it
clearly I put on my glasses. ____________________
(2) In order not to lose the job, she lied to the boss. _______________
【答案】 (1) 为了看清楚，我戴上了眼镜。(2) 为了不丢掉工作，她向老板说了谎。
2.同义句转换
(1)I went home in order that I could change my clothes.
＝I went home _______________________________________________my clothes.
＝I went home ________________ my clothes.
(2)We started early so that we could get to the meeting on time.
＝We started early ___________________________________________we could get to the
meeting on time.
＝ We started early ___________________________________________get to the meeting
on time.
【答案】(1)in order to change; to change(2)in order that; in order to
3.选择填空
After graduation he took all his works to London ______ get a good job there.
A．so that B．in order that C．in order to D．as to
C 考查不定式的用法。A. so that 为了，这是连词，后面接句子， B. in order that 为了，这
是连词后面接句子，C. in order to 为了，后面接动词原形， D. as to 至于。句意：毕业后，
他把所有的作品都带到伦敦，为了能找到一份好工作。选 C。
考点 2 分词短语作状语
【教材原句】While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.你在
遛狗的时候不小心让狗松脱了，接着它被一辆小车撞着了。
【句法分析】While walking the dog＝While you were walking the dog，这是状语从句的省略。
在 when, while, if, as if, though, as, where, unless 等连词(词组)引导的状语从句中，如果谓语动
词有 be，而主语又跟主句的主语相同或为 it 时，则从句的主语和 be 常常省略。
【典例 2】
完成句子
①他们正在考虑趁房价上涨之前把房子买下来。
They are thinking of buying the house ．
②电影 8：30 开始，去之前我们可以随便吃点东西。
The movie starts at 8：30, and we can have a quick bite ．
③约翰认为不久之后他就会为他的新工作做好准备。
John thinks he is ready for his new job.
④听说你回家已经两个星期了，我非常想念你。
I hear it has been two weeks you returned home and I've been missing you very
much.
【答案】①before the prices go up ②before we go ③it won't be long before ④since
【规律方法】考查现在分词作状语，改写句子的原则是主句和从句的主语一致。这个句型是
提高写作句子水平的重要手段。
【变式】
1.【2019·北京卷】Nervously ___2___ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to _myself_(I)
the two simple words “Be yourself”.
【答案】facing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字
“做你自己”。分析句式可知，此处是做句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是 I，与
逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填 facing。
2.When first ______ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
A．introducing B．introduced
C．introduce D．being introduced
【答案】B
【解析】将从句补全应为 When these products were first introduced to the market，主从句主语
一致且从句中有 be，可以省略主语和 be。
考点 3 should have done 结构的虚拟语气
【教材原句】...tell him/her that he/she should have studied... ……告诉他/她本该学习……
【句法分析】should have done 结构表示过去应该做某事而事实上没有做；而 shouldn't have
done 则表示过去本不该做某事而实际上却做了，两者皆含有“责备”的口吻。
【典例 3】
（2019·天津高考模拟）—What’s wrong with you?
—Oh, I am sick. I ________ so much ice cream just now.
A．shouldn’t eat B．mustn’t eat
C．couldn’t have eaten D．shouldn’t have eaten
【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意：——你怎么了？——我生病了，我刚才不应该吃
那么多冰激凌。A. shouldn’t eat 不应该吃；B. mustn’t eat 禁止吃；C. couldn’t have eaten 不可
能吃；D. shouldn’t have eaten 本来不应该吃。根据 just now 可知，是发生在过去，故选 D。
【知识拓展】
拓展：其他“情态动词＋have＋done”结构：
(1)must have done 对过去发生的事情的肯定推测。“一定……”。
(2)can't/couldn't have done 对过去发生的事情的否定推测。“不可能……”。
(3)needn't have done 过去没有必要做却做了。“本来没必要做……”。
(4)ought (not) to have done＝should (not) have done
(5)might/may have done 过去可能做了某事(可能性小)。“可能做了……”。
(6)could have done 过去本可能做而未做。“本来能做……”。
(7)would have done 愿意做某事却不能做。“本来想要做……”。
【变式】
Oh, I'm not feeling well in the stomach. I ______ so much fried chicken just now.
A．shouldn't eat B．mustn't have eaten
C．shouldn't have eaten D．mustn't eat
【答案】C
【解析】由 just now 可知，本题谈论过去之事。谈论过去之事，在 should 或 must 之后接不
定式的完成式。must 表示推测只用于肯定句中，shouldn’t have done 表说话之前不应该做某
事，但事实上却做了，含有责备的口气。
考点 4 含有 the+序数词+time 句型的时态
【教材原句】...it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face...
……这是我一年半以来第一次观察夜晚……
【典例 4】
______ I spoke English before foreigners, I was a student of high school.
A．The first time B．For the first time
C．At the first time D．At the beginning
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词组引导时间状语从句。句意：我第一次在外国人面前讲英语是在高中的
时候。此处是名词词组 The first time 引导的时间状语从句，其他三个选项都是介词词组，不
能引导时间状语从句，故答案为 A。
【总结提升】It is/was the first time(that)．..这是一个固定句式，it 可换成 this 或 that; first 可
换成 second, third 等，以表达不同的意义。
(1)It is the first time that...后接现在完成时；It was the first time that...后接过去完成时；It will be
the first time that...后接现在完成时。
(2)the first time 可起从属连词作用，引导时间状语从句。
The first time I saw her, my heart stopped.
我第一次见到她时，心脏都停止了跳动。
(3)for the first time 意为“第一次”，单独用做状语。
He was cheated for the first time.他第一次被骗了。
【变式】
1.—Have you ever been here before?
—No. This is the first time that I ______ to the Great Wall.
A．comes B．have been
C．came D．had come
【答案】B
【解析】This is the first time that...之后的从句需要用现在完成时态。
2．This is the first time that we ________a film in the cinema together as a family .
A．see B．had seen C．saw D．have seen
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词时态的用法。句意：这是首次我们一家人在电影院一起看电影。 It[This]
is the first time＋that 结构中，that 从句通常用现在完成时；e.g. It's the first time（that）the boy
has spoken to a foreigner．这个男孩还是第一次同外国人说话。It's the first time that she's seen
an elephant．这是她第一次见到大象。故本题选 D。
3. 完成句子
①那是父亲第一次在紧急时刻依靠我。
That was the first time that Dad on me in a moment of emergency.
②这是约翰第二次举办画展了。
It's the second time that John an art exhibition.
③你该打扫自己的房间了。
It's about time you your room.
【答案】①had depended/relied ②has held ③cleaned/should clean
考点 5 with 的复合结构
【教材原句】Mother asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.妈妈问她穿
这么多衣服是不是很热。
【典例 5】
【2019·江苏卷】 32.China's image is improving steadily, with more countries__________ its role
in international affairs.
A. recognizing B. being recognized C. to be recognized D.
recognized
【答案】A
【解析】考查 with 复合结构。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在
国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系，用 with + 名词 + 现在分词结
构，故选 A。
【解题指导】“with＋n.＋形容词/副词/介词短语/分词/动词不定式”这种结构在句中经常做状
语，表示原因、方式或伴随状态。如果分词的动作与前面的名词是主动关系，用现在分词；
如果是被动关系，则用过去分词；如果表示一个未来的动作就用不定式。
【变式】
______ five minutes ______ before the last bus left, we arrived at the station.
A．There were; go B．With; to go
C．It was; left D．It had; left
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查 with 的复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”。本题用不定式做宾补表
示将来的动作。句意：在最后一班公交车离开的前五分钟，我们到了车站。
考点 6 强调句型
【教材原句】I wonder if it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I've grown
so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我
变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
【典例 6】
（2020·高三月考）His statement was so ______ that it was difficult to make out
that he was trying to express.
A．vague； what was it B．ambiguous； what it was
C．explicit； what it was D．clear； what was it
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析和强调句。句意：他的陈述太模糊了，以至于我们都无法理解
他到底想要表达什么。A. vague 模糊的；B. ambiguous 模糊不清的；C. explicit 明确的；D. clear
清楚的。根据 it was difficult to make out（很难理解）可知， 他的陈述模糊不清，故可先排
除 CD，再分析句子结构可知，第二个空后的句子是宾语从句，it was+被强调的部分+that……
是强调句句型，其中被强调的部分是 what，又因 what 是连接代词，宾语从句要用陈述语气，
故选 B。
【总结提升】
It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who…强调句
(1)强调句一般疑问句形式：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who…？
(2)强调句特殊疑问句形式：疑问词＋is/was it＋that/who…？
【注意事项】
(1)判断方法：将强调句型中的“It is/was”，“that/who”同时去掉，看剩下的部分句子结构
是否仍然完整。若完整，则是强调句型；反之，则不是。
(2)强调主语或宾语且其为人称代词时，应注意其形式：仍用主格或宾格形式。
(3)强调主语时，that 或 who 后面的谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。
【变式】
1.（2021·江苏省高三月考） How long is it you picked up your badminton training?
It was not until my finance became better in last December I started the training.
A．that; when B．until; that C．since; that D．before; when
【答案】C
【解析】考查连词和强调句型。句意：你重新练习羽毛球有多久了？直到去年十二月份，
我的资金状况好转了，我才开始训练的。分析句子可知，问句表示的意思是“从你重新练习
羽毛球到现在有多久了？”可知答案是 since；答语中被强调部分是时间状语 not until my
finance became better in last December，是 it is/was not until…that 的强调句。故应用 that。故
选 C。
2．（2021·江苏省高三一模）It was President Xi Jinping_______visited the navy troops
on April 19 and urged that naval force_______.
A．who; strengthen B．whom; strengthen
C．who; be strengthened D．who; to strengthen
【答案】C
【解析】考查强调句和虚拟语气。句意：是习近平主席在 4 月 19 号参观了海军，要求加强
海军力量。本句是强调句，基本结构是：It is/was+强调部分+who/that+其余部分。urge 后加
宾语从句，从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用（should）+动词原形，此处省略了 should，故
选 C。
3．（2021·天津汉沽一中高三期末）— I’m sorry. I shouldn’t have been shouting at you.
— You ________ your temper but that’s all right.
A．have lost B．had lost C．were losing D．did lose
【答案】D
【解析】考查强调谓语的用法。句意：对不起，我不应该冲你大声喊叫。你确实发脾气
了但是没关系。分析句子可知，此处强调谓语 lost，强调谓语时，可以用 do,does,did+动词
原形。分析句意可知，此事已经过去了，故应用一般过去时。故应用 did lose。结合选项，
故选 D。
4．（2021·江苏省高三开学考试）________, I believe, and you can see he wasn’t lying.
A．Casting a glance at the boy B．One glance at the boy
C．Glance cast at the boy D．If you cast a glance at the boy
【答案】B
【解析】考查固定句型。句意：我认为，看一眼这个男孩，你就可以知道他没有撒谎。分析
句子可知，此处考查固定句型“名词词组+ and/or + 陈述句”，句中 I believe 是插入结构，可
忽略，故选 B 项。
【点睛】
本句考查固定句型：祈使句/名词词组 + and/ or + 陈述句（and 表顺承，or 表转折意为“否
则”），例如：
Hurry up, and you will catch up with them.快点，你会追上他们的。
One more chance, and I will do it better.再给一次机会，我会把它做得更好。
Try hard, or you will lose sooner or later.努力，否则你迟早会失败。
考点 7 名词性从句（1）
【典例 7】
（2021·江苏省高三三模）The spokesman noted ______some individuals apparently lack is not
the means to get the correct information, but the courage and conscience to admit the truth.
A．which B．that C．whether D．what
【答案】D
【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：发言人指出有些人明显缺乏的不是获取正确信息的手
段，而是承认真理的勇气和良知。分析句子可知，谓语动词 noted 后接了一个宾语从句，此
宾语从句缺乏宾语，宾语是物，所以用引导词 what。故选 D 项。
【变式】
1.（2021·江苏省高三三模）____ stops learning is old and stays learning is young, whether at
twenty or eighty.
A．What B．Who C．That D．Whoever
【答案】D
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：无论谁，停止学习就是落后，继续学习就是先进，不管是二
十还是八十。分析句子可知，主语从句部分缺主语且指人，故用 who 或者 whoever。句意缺
“无论谁”之意，故选 D 项。
2．（2020·江苏省高三一模）Respect is not oneway traffic but mutual, and that might be
we fight back in the trade friction against the USA .
A．where B．because C．why D．how
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：尊重不是单向的，而是相互的，这可能就是我们要
在贸易摩擦中反击美国的原因。本句为表语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，故用 why 引导。
故选 C。
考点 8 话题写作——友谊
【典例 8】
假设你是李华，在上周的班会上，同学们对朋友和友谊进行了讨论，请根据以下内容给你的
朋友 Tom 写一封信分享你们的讨论内容和观点。
要点：
1. 为什么需要朋友
2. 什么样的朋友是真正的朋友
3. 你对友谊的看法。
注意：1. 词数 100 左右
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Tom,
Last weeks, we had a heated discussion about “friends” and “friendship”. I’m writing to share
our ideas with you.
We all agree that we can hardly do without friends in life. There are many difficulties we
can’t overcome with our own efforts. Besides, we need friends to share our joys and sorrow,
otherwise we would feel lonely. A good friend is someone who respects us and who we respect.
True friends are those who never desert us even when we are in trouble. Instead, they offer us
sincere and selfless help even at the cost of their own interests.
In my opinion, true friendship is largely based on supporting each other, which can stand the
test of time.
Best wishes!
Yours
Li Hua
【解题指导】
本文是一篇提纲类作文。文章出了详细的提示。考生在成文时应注意：合理发挥想象力，使
文章的表达自然，丰满。文章的写作要点要齐全：1. I’m writing to share …2. We all agree that
we can hardly do without friends…3. A good friend is someone who …4. In my opinion…:注意
文章的人称：以第一人称为主。时态：一般现在时。注意使用高级词汇 had a heated discussion，
sincere and selfless，at the cost of，is largely based on 和句型，以提高文章的档次；恰当使用
一些连词、插入语，使文章表达自然，流畅。注意次数：80—120 之间。
【范文亮点】①A good friend is someone who respects us and who we respect.定语从句。②true
friendship is largely based on supporting each other, which can stand the test of time.非限制性定
语从句。
【变式】
网络上曾疯传这么一句话"友谊的小船说翻就翻"。从网络上的各种配图来看,导致友谊翻船
的原因林林总总。请你以维护友谊为主题,写一篇 100 词左右的英语短文。
要求:1. 描述上图并解释图片所传达的意思；
2. 列举导致友谊翻船的原因（至少两条） ；
3. 就如何维护友谊给出你的建议。注意:开头已为你写好,不计入总词数。
A boat shared by a pair of friends turns over for some reason, which reflects friendship can be
easily damaged in reality.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_
【答案】
A boat shared by a pair of friends turns over for some reason，which reflects friendship can be
easily damaged in reality.
Friendship falls apart easily even for minor incidents. For example， a quarrel over idols or
differences in hobbies might ruin a longheld relationship in a single minute. However， it is
actually lack of trust that is to blame for the loss of friendship. Friends are supposed to be trusted，
and if the trust between both sides fades away， so will friendship itself.
Various means are available to keep up friendship. First of all，sincerity is the foundation of
friendship， on which trust is likely to develop slowly but steadily. More importantly， frequent
exchange of opinions helps friends better understand one another， which in turn strengthens ties
between friends.
【审题指导】
本文是看图作文。题目要求描述图片，并解释图片所传达的意思，要列举至少两个导致友谊
翻船的原因，并就如何维护友谊给出你的建议。同学们在写作时要根据图片和提示列出要点，
并以此为基础充分发挥自己的想象力，灵活运用英语知识，采用不同的表达方式将各要点完
整地表述出来。在写作时还要注意时态、语态的:正确运用，按逻辑关系安排好写作内容，
同时应选用合适的连接词，并适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【点睛】
本文内容符合题目要求，逻辑清晰，结构布局合理，并使用了高级词汇和句型。高级词汇有:
fall apart， minor， ruin， lack of， be to blame， be supposed to， fade away， available，
keep up，foundation， steadily， in turn， strengthen 等。高级句型有:（1）it is actually lack
of trust that is to blame for the loss of friendship 使用了强调句型，强调主语 lack of trust; （2）
if the trust between both sides fades away， so will friendship itself 中含有“so+助动词+主语”结
构;（3）sincerity is the foundation of friendship， on which trust is likely to develop slowly but
steadily 中含有“介词+ which”引导的非限制性定语从句。这显示出了作者深厚的英语基础知
识和良好的英语运用能力。
微信/支付宝扫码支付