2020-2021 学年度高三下期英语第五次适应性考试
考试范围：高中知识点；考试时间：120 分钟。
注意事项：
1. 本试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的
第二节和第四部分为非选择题。
2. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
3. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;回答
非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂
到答题卡上。
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选
项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅
读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是 C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man advise the woman to buy?
A. A red skirt. B. A white sweater. C. A pair of blue jeans.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I'm thinking of buying my daughter a pair of blue jeans for her birthday.
M: If I were you, I would buy a red skirt. It goes really well with her white sweater.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Mother and son. B. Business partners. C. Boss and secretary.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Ms. Brown, can you tell me my arrangements today?
W: At 9 o'clock, you have a meeting. And then you should have lunch with your business partner. Oh, you said you
will buy a gift for your son today.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman know about?
A. Major rivers. B. Famous mountains. C. Capital cities.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Do you know the major rivers and famous mountains in Europe?
W: Hm. Ask me about capital cities instead.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the full price of the man’s jacket？
A. $15. B. $30. C. $50.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: So, what did you buy?
M: A jacket. It was a real bargain. I got it for half price, so I saved 15 dollars.
W: That’s very cheap. I bought a similar one for 50 dollars last year.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What do we know about Jack?
A. He had a pleasant trip to Wuhan.
B. He hoped everything went well in Wuhan.
C. He spent an unforgettable winter this year in Wuhan.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Jack. How was your trip to Wuhan?
M: Well, everything was wonderful. I enjoyed it except that the weather was chilly in this early winter.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项
中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，
各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Why does the man make the call?
A. To make an enquiry about a new car.
B. To buy an insurance for his car.
C. To make a complaint about the service.
7. How much does the Red Flag charge monthly?
A. $ 30. B. $ 40. C. $ 48.
【答案】6. B 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello… motor insurance department…
M: Oh hello… I’d like to ask about insurance for my car.
W: Yes, of course. I’ll just take a few details. What’s your name?
M: Patrick Jones.
W: And your address?
M: It’s 40 Bank Road.
W: When would you like to start the insurance?
M: I’ll need it from the 30th of January.
W: Right. Mr Jones. I’m getting a couple of quotes coming up on the computer now, and the best bet looks like
being with a company called Red Flag. And that comes out at $ 480 per year.
M: Well, that seems OK. It’s quite a bit lower than I’ve been paying.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What is the conversation mainly about？
A. The woman’s poor health. B. The cleaning of the floor. C. The prize for a good job.
9. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers？
A. Husband and wife. B. Doctor and patient. C. Boss and employee.
10. What do we know about the Roomba?
A. It helps the man with his work.
B. It costs the woman nearly $400.
C. It frees users of heavy housework.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【原文】M: The floor looks so shining. Did you call the cleaning company?
W: No. I had a headache and returned home earlier. So I did it myself.
M: A headache?
W: Don’t worry. I am feeling much better now.
M: You could have called me.
W: Thanks, honey. It wasn’t as hard as you think. I have been using a Roomba recently.
M: Oh, that cleaning robot? It costs a lot. Maybe $400?
W: Actually, I got it as a prize from my boss last week. You know I always do a good job.
M: You saved a lot. By the way, how to use the Roomba?
W: It’s easy. Just press the button. You can do something else while it’s working.
M: Interesting. Let me help clean the floor next time.
W: Sure.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What kind of show does the man want to make?
A. A cooking show. B. A quiz show. C. An interview show.
12. Where does the man want people to watch his show?
A. In their offices. B. In their homes. C. In their cars.
13. What is the woman’s advice?
A. Picking a different goal.
B. Saving up some money.
C. Making his show different from others.
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. C
【解析】
【原文】W: I understand that you’re looking to start a show within the next two years. Is this true?
M: Yes. I’ve always wanted to be one of the people you see on television talking to guests about their careers.
W: Have you thought about other options? Those types of shows can be on many different types of media. Many
hosts start out on the radio, but now the technology is better and you can even make a show on the Internet.
M: I want it to be the show that people watch while they’re eating dinner.
W: That’s a good goal, but it’ll be difficult to get you on television with just that idea. I suggest you come up with
something that makes you different from the other similar shows airing now.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Which film of the following DIDN’T the woman see?
A. Raising Arizona. B. Wild at heart. C. Neither.
15. How does the woman like the black humor film?
A. Very much. B. Not a bit. C. So-So.
16. What kind of actor does the man think Nicolas Cage should be?
A. A tragic actor. B. A classical actor. C. A comic actor.
17. What films make Nicolas Cage more popular?
A. Action movies. B. Comic movies. C. Tragic movies.
【答案】14. A 15. B 16. C 17. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Mary, who is your favorite actor?
W: Nicolas Cage.
M: I used to like Nicolas Cage more than I do now. He used to play more interesting roles.
W: What do you mean? What movies?
M: Oh, my favorite Nicolas Cage movie was Wild at heart. He was perfect for that role.
W: I saw Wild at heart. It was boring. I almost couldn't watch it.
M: It was the kind of movie that they call black humor.
W: Yes, I know. Black humor is humor with a lot of violence or horrible things in it. I really don’t like black humor.
M: What about Raising Arizona? Did you see that?
W: No.
M: You must see it. To me, that is the classical Nicolas Cage movie. He is perfect for it.
W: I like his new movies,
M: Well, I know he is more popular since he started doing action movies. But I always think he should be a comic
actor. That is what he does best.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. Why are there tears in the woman’s eyes?
A. She is cutting onions.
B. She heard some bad news.
C. She wants the man to leave.
19. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Mother and son.
B. Brother and sister.
C. Uncle and niece.
20. How does the man feel?
A. Worried. B. Optimistic. C. Relieved.
【答案】18. A 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Don't cry. I'll come home from college at the end of every term. You'll still see me.
W: It's not that. I'm preparing your favorite meal and I've been cutting onions. But I do feel sad that you're leaving.
M: I know. I understand. But this is the opportunity of a lifetime. I can see great things ahead for me.
W: I hope so. Your brother and sister are doing well at university. You're the last of our children to leave home.
M: I'll be a success—just wait and see. Anyway, the food smells good.
W: Are you hungry? I hope so. By the way, I've invited Uncle Jack to dinner. He wanted to see you before you
leave.
M: Oh good, it will be nice to see him.
W: I think he might be bringing some sort of gift, so make sure you thank him for it.
M: Well, you don't need to tell me that. I know all about good manners.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
ESSAY CONTEST
THEME
“A Letter from Myself in 2030”
GUIDELINES
1. Essays may be submitted by anyone up to 25 years old.
2. Essays must be 700 words or less. Essays should be typed or printed.
3. Entries may be submitted online or by postal mail.
* IMPORTANT: To send your essay online, you must go to the organizer's website and follow the required
steps.
4. Entries submitted by postal mail must include a cover page indicating: your name; age; gender; address;
e-mail; phone number; school name (if applicable); essay title; word count.
* A cover page template (模板) is available to download on the organizer's website. You may also create your
own cover page with all items above.
5. Essays must be original and unpublished.
6. Essays must be written by one person.
DEADLINE
Entries must be received by June 15 this year.
AWARDS
1st Prize: Certificate + Prize of $ 1,000
2nd Prize: Certificate + Prize of $ 500
3rd Prize: Certificate + Gift
* 1st prize winners will be invited to the award ceremony on November 20 this year and will receive the
Minister of Education Award. (Travel expenses will be covered by the organizer.)
* All prize winners will be announced on October 31 this year on the organizer's website. Certificates and gifts
will be mailed to the winners, on December 10 this year.
21. Which of the following entries will be considered?
A. Co-authored ones. B. Handwritten ones.
C. Those of less than 700 words. D. Those mailed without a cover page.
22. What will a 2nd prize winner get?
A. A special gift. B. A certificate and $ 500.
C. A ticket to the award ceremony. D. The Minister of Education Award.
23. When will the contest results be announced?
A. On June 15. B. On October31.
C. On November 20. D. On December 10.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一则广告。文章介绍作文比赛及其有关事宜。
【21 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 GUIDELINES部分中的“Essays must be 700 words or less(论文字数不超过700字)”可知，
参赛作品为 700 词或以下。故选 C。
【22 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 AWARDS 部分中的“2nd Prize: Certificate +Prize of $500(二等奖：证书+奖金$500)”可知，
获得第二名的参赛者将得到一张证书和 500 美元的奖金。故选 B。
【23 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 AWARDS 部分中的“All prize winners will be announced on October 31 this year on the
organizers’ website(所有获奖者将于今年 10 月 31 日在主办单位的网站上公布)”可知，10 月 31 日公布比赛
结果。故选 B。
B
It was in my first year of work as a doctor. My mouth was dry, my palms sweaty and my voice trembling. The
only thing that kept me focused was the thought that things were so much worse for the family I was talking to.
A woman in her early twenties had been brought in after a road traffic accident. She had suffered multiple
injuries and had been rushed up to theatre. The surgeons had been unable to save her life and she died on the table.
Ashen-faced, the consultant (会诊医生) told the woman's family the news. “Tom, I think it would be nice if it came
from you,” my consultant said.
I stared blankly. “What?” I asked.
“About organ donation,” he replied. I swallowed hard. Surely this would be the last thing they'd want to talk
about. It felt acutely awkward and ill-timed to be considering this kind of conversation while they were being
engulfed in grief. But the problem with organ donation is that every minute counts. The clock is ticking because the
sooner organs can be transplanted, the better the chance they will survive in the recipient's (接受者) body.
I began to feel sick. I opened the door and sat opposite them, convinced that I was only going to make things
worse for them.
“It's what she'd have wanted,” the mother said before I'd even finished. The father nodded. “She was always so
generous,” her father added.
As my consultant and I left them, it occurred to me that I'd been wrong in thinking it would be an awkward
conversation. Nothing could take away the pain of having lost their daughter. Yet this last, final act had comforted
them and helped them feel that the spirit of their daughter lived on m this act of generosity. Strangely, it is one of
the most heart-wanning conversations I have ever had.
24. The first two paragraphs suggest________.
A. the woman died on the scene
B. it was hard for the author to face death
C. the author witnessed the traffic accident
D. the woman's death was told by the consultant
25. Why did the author feel sick?
A. He was caught in a dilemma. B. He was seriously ill at that time.
C. He failed to transplant the organ. D. The woman's chance of survival was slim.
26. Why did the couple agree to donate their daughter’s organs?
A. To do the author a favor. B. To show respect for the doctor.
C. To follow then daughter’s will. D. To end the awkward conversation.
27. What made the awkward conversation heart-warming?
A. The consultant’s assistance. B. The author’s consideration.
C. The donor’s kindness. D. The recipient’s appreciation.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. C 27. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与遭遇事故去世的女孩家属交流器官捐献的事情，以为是一件
很难堪的事情，却意外的发现女孩父母欣然同意，这让作者感觉很暖心。
【24 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“My mouth was dry, my palms sweaty and my voice trembling. The only thing that
kept me focused was the thought that things were so much worse for the family I was talking to.(我口干舌燥，手心
冒汗，声音颤抖。唯一能让我集中注意力的是我想到，我正在交谈的这个家庭的情况要糟糕得多)”可推知，
作者很难接受死亡。故选 B。
【25 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“It felt acutely awkward and ill-timed to be considering this kind of conversation
while they were being engulfed in grief. (在他们沉浸在悲痛之中的时候考虑这种谈话，实在是非常尴尬和不合
时宜)”可推知，作者感到很难受，因为他陷入了进退两难的境地。故选 A。
【26 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段““It's what she'd have wanted,” the mother said before I'd even finished. The
father nodded. “She was always so generous,” her father added.(“这正是她想要的，”我还没说完，这位母亲就
说。父亲点了点头。“她总是那么慷慨，”她的父亲补充说)”可知，这对夫妇同意捐出女儿的器官，以遵
从女儿的意愿。故选 C。
【27 题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Yet this last, final act had comforted them and helped them feel that the spirit
of their daughter lived on m this act of generosity. Strangely, it is one of the most heart-wanning conversations I
have ever had.(然而，这最后的举动安慰了他们，让他们觉得女儿的精神寄托在我的慷慨行为上。奇怪的是，
这是我经历过的最感人肺腑的谈话之一)”可知，作者作为一名医生一开始面临着不知该不该劝死者父母捐
赠遗体的窘境，然而，死者父母愿意遵循女儿的心愿，让本该窘迫的对话变得暖心得根本原因是捐赠者得
善良慷慨。故选 C。
C
2020 was a really tough year. It affected our lives in many ways and made other serious issues even more
difficult to address. There was also social and political unrest in the United States and other places around the
world.
All of this added up to some big, stressful year called 2020. In fact, 2020 is a song filled with low, depressing
notes.
In English, “low notes” are unpleasant things that happen during an event, any event. So if something ends on
a low note, it ends in an unpleasant way. For example, once I took a fun vacation. But it ended on a low note. On
the last day, all my money was stolen. Then my flight home was delayed. So, I had to sleep in an airport for two
days!
However, we also have another phrase-- a “high note”! In English, a “high note” is something pleasant or
gratifying.
So, to end something on a high note is to end it with something pleasant. It can also mean to end something at
the best possible point -- for example, at the point when something is most successful.
Anything can be a high note, if you choose it to be. For example, 2020 was a disaster. But for me it ended on a
high note. One cold night in late December, I saw on owl in a tree near my house. I love owls but had never seen
one so close before! That was a high note for me.
Hopefully, all of us were able to end 2020 on a high note.
28. Which of the following does NOT show the writer’s attitude towards the year of 2020?
A. It’s a year that is filled with low notes.
B. It’s a year that ends on a high note.
C. It’s a year full of easy issues.
D. It’s a year full of unforgettable memories.
29. Which word can replace the underlined word “gratifying” in paragraph 4?
A. Humorous. B. Enjoyable. C. Permanent. D. Concerned.
30. Why did 2020 end on a high note for the author?
A. Because it ended on a high note.
B. Because it is a song with something pleasant.
C. Because the author loves owls that have high notes.
D. Because the author love owls and saw one so close.
31. What does the passage mainly tell us?
A. The usages of “high notes” and “low notes”.
B. Examples about “high and low notes”.
C. The change of “low notes” and “high notes”.
D. Some serious issues about “high and low notes”.
【答案】28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【分析】本文主要告诉读者 2020 年是非常艰难的一年。它在许多方面影响了我们的生活,使其他严重问题更
加难以解决。但是我们的生活可以像一首英文歌有高音也有低音。
【28 题详解】
细节理解题。根据原文第一段“2020 was a really tough year. It affected our lives in many ways and made other
serious issues even more difficult to address.”2020 年是非常艰难的一年。它在许多方面影响了我们的生活,使
其他严重问题更加难以解决。可知不能说明作者对 2020 年的态度这一年充满了容易的问题。故选 C。
【29 题详解】
词义猜测题。根据原文第二段“However, we also have another phrase-- a "high note"! In English, a "high note"
is something pleasant or gratifying.”然而,我们还有另一个短语--“高音”!在英语中,“高音”是令人愉快或
满意的东西。”可知 Enjoyable 令人愉快可以取代第 4 段中带下划线的“gratifying”一词。A. Humorous 幽
默的；B. Enjoyable 令人愉快；C. Permanent 永久性的；D. Concerned 担心的。故选 B。
【30 题详解】
细节理解题。根据原文倒数第二段“One cold night in late December, I saw an owl in a tree near my house. l love
owls but had never seen one so close before! That was a high note for me.”十二月下旬的一个寒冷的夜晚,我看
见一只猫头鹰在我家附近的树上。我喜欢猫头鹰,但从来没有见过这么近的!那对我来说是一个很高的音符。
可知 2020 年会以一个高姿态结束是因为作者很喜欢猫头鹰，而且看得很近。故选 D。
【31 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据原文第二段“In fact,2020 is a song filled with low, depressing notes.”2020 是一首充满低沉、
压抑音符的歌；以及第四段“However, we also have another phrase-- a "high note"! In English, a "high note" is
something pleasant or gratifying.”然而,我们还有另一个短语--“高音”!在英语中,“高音”是令人愉快或满
意的东西。” 可知这篇文章主要告诉我们“高音”和“低音”的用法。故选 A。
D
Last year, 138,000 San Francisco residents used Airbnb, a popular app designed to connect home renters and
travelers. It’s a striking number for a city with a population of about 850,000, and it was enough for Airbnb to win a
major victory in local elections, as San Francisco voters struck down a debatable rule that would have placed time
restrictions and other regulations on short-term rental services.
The company fiercely opposed the measure, Proposition F, with a nearly $10 million advertising campaign. It
also contacted its San Franciscan users with messages urging them to vote against Proposition F.
Most people think of Airbnb as a kind of couch-surfing app. The service works for one-night stays on road
trips and longer stays in cities, and it often has more competitive pricing than hotels. It’s a textbook example of the
“sharing economy”, but not everyone is a fan.
The app has had unintended consequences in San Francisco. As the San Francisco Chronicle reported last year,
a significant amount of renting on Airbnb is not in line with the company’s image: middle-class families putting up
a spare room to help make ends meet. Some users have taken advantage of the service, using it to turn their
multiple properties into vacation rentals or even full-time rentals. Backers of Proposition F argued that this trend
takes spaces off the conventional, better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs.
“The fact is, widespread abuse of short-term rentals is taking much needed housing off the market and
harming our neighborhoods,” said ShareBetter SF, a group that supported Proposition F. Hotel unions have
protested the company’s practices in San Francisco and other cities, saying that it creates an illegal hotel system.
San Francisco is in the middle of a long-term, deeply rooted housing crisis that has seen the cost of living
explode. Actually, explode is a generous term. The average monthly rent for an apartment is around $4, 000.
Located on a narrow outcropping of land overlooking the bay, San Francisco simply doesn’t have enough space to
accommodate the massive inflow of young, high-salaried tech employees flocking to Silicon Valley.
As the Los Angeles Times reported, some San Francisco residents supported the measure simply because it
seemed like a way to check a big corporation. Opponents of Proposition F countered that the housing crisis runs
much deeper, and that passing the rule would have discouraged a popular service while doing little to solve the
city’s existing problems.
32. The intention of Proposition F is to ________.
A. place time limits in local election. B. set limits on short-term rental.
C. strike down a controversial rule. D. urge users to vote against Airbnb.
33. What is the negative consequence of Airbnb on San Francisco?
A. It shrinks the living space of middle-class families.
B. Users are taken advantage of by the service financially.
C. It makes the house market more competitive.
D. It indirectly leads to high house rental price.
34. The housing crisis in San Francisco results from ________.
A. explosion of the living cost B. its geographic characteristics
C. generosity of local enterprises D. inflow of migrant population
35. The author’s attitude toward Proposition F is ________.
A. objective B. supportive
C. negative D. indifferent
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。旧金山提出了一项 F 提案限制房子短期租赁，这使得短期租赁软件 Airbnb 的很
多用户反应激烈。文章介绍了 Airbnb 软件的影响和 F 提案支持者和反对者的看法。
【32 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“…as San Francisco voters struck down a debatable rule that would have placed time
restrictions and other regulations on short-term rental services. (……因为旧金山选民推翻了一项有争议的规定，
该规定将对短期租赁服务设置时间限制和其他规定。)”可知，F 提案的目的是限制短期租赁。故选 B 项。
【33 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Backers of Proposition F argued that this trend takes spaces off the conventional,
better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs. (F 提案的支持者认为，这种趋势使传统的、监管
更好的住房市场失去了空间，并导致成本上升。)”可知，Airbnb 对旧金山的负面影响是它间接导致了房屋
租金高。故选 D 项。
【34 题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Located on a narrow outcropping of land overlooking the bay, San Francisco
simply doesn’t have enough space to accommodate the massive inflow of young, high-salaried tech employees
flocking to Silicon Valley. (旧金山坐落在一块可以俯瞰海湾的狭长裸露土地上，没有足够的空间容纳大量涌
入硅谷的年轻高薪技术员工。)”可知，旧金山的住房危机是流动人口流入造成的。故选 D 项。
【35 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“The company fiercely opposed the measure, Proposition F, with a nearly $10 million
advertising campaign. (该公司用近 1000 万美元的广告活动强烈反对 F 提案。)”和最后一段中“Opponents of
Proposition F countered that the housing crisis runs much deeper, and that passing the rule would have discouraged
a popular service while doing little to solve the city’s existing problems. (反对 F 提案的人反驳说，住房危机要严
重得多，通过这项规定只会阻碍一项受欢迎的服务，而对解决城市现有的问题几乎没有帮助。)” 可知，作
者呈现了 F 提案反对者的观点；第四段中“Backers of Proposition F argued that this trend takes spaces off the
conventional, better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs. (F 提案的支持者认为，这种趋势使
传统的、监管更好的住房市场失去了空间，并导致成本上升。)”可知，作者呈现了 F 提案支持者的观点，
因此在本文中，作者呈现了 F 提案反对者和支持者的相关观点，但是作者自己没有明确表示自己的立场，
因此作者对 F 提案的态度是客观的。故选 A 项。
第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项.
A high school student has a science test on Monday but spends most of the weekend playing video games and
does not start studying until late Sunday night. This kind of avoiding or delaying of work that needs to be done is
called procrastination(拖沓). It has been said that up to 95% of people procrastinate at least sometimes, and about
20% of them do it too much. ___36___
The first factor is how pleasant or unpleasant people find a task. Research shows that people put off tasks they
find unpleasant. Someone who loves bicycles might not delay fixing a tire, while someone who does not may put it
off.
___37___ For example, those who have low expectations of success are more likely to delay starting a job. On
the other hand, those who believe they can perform well take on challenging tasks rather than avoid them.
___38___ Studying hard in high school might not give high school students any immediate rewards; what they
learn might not seem useful to the present. Sometimes. it is hard to see the benefit of making an effort when the
reward is too far away. ___39___
Lastly, another factor is whether or not people can use self-control. Those who have less self-control can easily
be drawn away from their work. Interestingly, age is said to be associated with self-control. ___40___
If procrastination is a problem for you, the first step to reducing it is identifying the reasons behind it. It is only
by understanding the roots of your problem that you can choose the appropriate method for yourself.
A. Besides, there is a link between procrastination and how long people must wait before they see the reward for an
effort.
B. Research shows that the older people become, the less likely they are to delay doing their work until the last
minute.
C. In addition, the amount of confidence they have in their ability to do a task is also related to procrastination.
D. As it is common to most people, how to avoid procrastination has become a major concern.
E. What's more, it has been argued that too much confidence can also lead to procrastination.
F. Although researchers do not agree on all the reasons behind procrastination, there is general agreement about
some factors that can explain it.
G. This can explain why many people do not start saving money for their old age when they are young.
【答案】36. F 37. C 38. A 39. G 40. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是议论文，短文从四个方面来分析了有拖沓症的原因。一是愉快或不愉快的人们对这项任务
的感觉怎样。二是人们的自信程度也与拖延症有关。三是拖延症和人们必须等待多久才能看到努力的回报
是有联系的。四是人们自己是否有自控能力。
【36 题详解】
承上启下句。根据 The first factor is how pleasant or unpleasant people find a task. Research shows that people put
off tasks they find unpleasant. 第一个因素是愉快或不愉快的人们对这项任务的感觉怎样。研究表明，人们会
推迟他们觉得不愉快的任务。所以上句应该提到拖沓的原因。选项 F Although researchers do not agree on all
the reasons behind procrastination, there is general agreement about some factors that can explain it.尽管研究人员
对拖延症的所有原因并没有达成一致意见，但在一些能够解释拖延症的因素上却达成了普遍共识。故选 F。
【37 题详解】
主旨句。根据第一段叙述的是第一个拖沓的原因，第二段叙述的是第二个拖沓的原因。根据 those who have
low expectations of success are more likely to delay starting a job. On the other hand, those who believe they can
perform well take on challenging tasks rather than avoid them. 那些对成功期望较低的人更有可能推迟开始工
作。另一方面，那些相信自己能出色完成任务的人会接受具有挑战性的任务，而不是逃避它们。这里叙述
了两种情况，选项 C In addition, the amount of confidence they have in their ability to do a task is also related to
procrastination 此外，他们对自己完成任务的能力的自信程度也与拖延症有关。故选 C。
【38 题详解】
主旨句。根据 Studying hard in high school might not give high school students any immediate rewards; 在高中努
力学习可能不会给高中生任何即时的奖励。这里提到关键词 rewards；与选项 A Besides, there is a link between
procrastination and how long people must wait before they see the reward for an effort. 此外，拖延症和人们必须
等待多久才能看到努力的回报是有联系的。这里也到了关键词 rewards，故选 A。
【39 题详解】
承上句。根据 it is hard to see the benefit of making an effort when the reward is too far away. 当回报太遥远时，
很难看到努力的好处。因此引出选项 G：This can explain why many people do not start saving money for their
old age when they are young. 这可以解释为什么很多人年轻时不开始存钱养老。前后句式因果关系。故选 G。
【40 题详解】
承上句。根据 Interestingly, age is said to be associated with self-control. 有趣的是，据说年龄与自我控制有关。
后面叙述年龄与自控的关系。选项 B. Research shows that the older people become, the less likely they are to
delay doing their work until the last minute. 研究表明，年纪越大的人越不可能把工作拖到最后时刻。前后句
是解释说明的关系。故选 B。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最
佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A famous theorist once said, “I don’t divide the world into the weak and the strong: or the successes and the
failures...I divide the world into the learners and the non-learners.”
What on earth would make someone a non-learner? Everyone is born with an intense ___41___ to learn.
Babies rise to the learning challenge daily. Not just for ___42___tasks, but the most difficult ones of a lifetime, like
leaning to walk and talk. They never decide it’s too hard or not worth the ___43___. Babies don’t worry about
making mistakes or ___44___ themselves. They walk, they fall, they ___45___.
What puts an end to this fearless learning? A fixed mindset. As soon as children become able to evaluate
themselves, some of them become ___46___ of challenges. They worry about not being ___47___. My research
team have studied thousands of people from preschoolers on, and It’s breathtaking how many ___48___ an
opportunity to learn.
We offered four-year-olds a ___49___：they could redo an easy jigsaw (拼图) or try a harder one. Even at this
young age, children with a fixed mindset stuck with the _____50_____ one. They believe smart kids don’t make
_____51_____.
Children with a growth mindset, however, thought it was a _____52_____ choice. Why would anyone want to
keep doing the same puzzle _____53_____? They chose increasingly difficult-ones instead.
Believing that success is about learning, children with a growth mindset seized the chance. But those with a
fixed mindset didn’t want to expose their _____54_____. This is how a fixed mindset makes people into
_____55_____.
41. A. fear B. drive C. competition D. concentration
42. A. crucial B. mental C. ordinary D. particular
43. A. attention B. effort C. interest D. time
44. A. confusing B. behaving C. punishing D. hurting
45. A. get up B. give up C. show up D. shut up
46. A. afraid B. ashamed C. confident D. ignorant
47. A. adorable B. curious C. modest D. smart
48. A. seize B. ruin C. reject D. require
49. A. lesson B. choice C. gift D. game
50. A. challenging B. interesting C. new D. simple
51. A. decisions B. jigsaws C. mistakes D. predictions
52. A. strange B. promising C. profitable D. difficult
53. A. repeatedly B. unwillingly C. automatically D. properly
54. A. secrets B. thoughts C. preferences D. weaknesses
55. A. theorists B. perfectionists C. non-learners D. risk-takers
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. A 47. D 48. C 49. B 50. D 51.
C 52. A 53. A 54. D 55. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是议论文。文章讲述了导致习得者和非习得者的区别的原因。总结了固定型思维导致了非习
得者的形成。
【41 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人生来就有强烈的学习动力。A.fear 恐惧；B.drive 内驱力；C.competition
竞争；D.concentration 专心。由下一句“Babies rise to the learning challenge daily.”可知，婴儿每天都面临学
习挑战，有挑战就有动力，因此人们生来就有强烈的学习动力。故选 B。
【42 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不仅是为了普通任务，而且为一生中最困难的任务，像走路和说话。A.crucial
重要的；B.mental 精神的；C.ordinary 普通的；D.particular 特别的。上下文出现连词“not just... but (also)”
表示”不仅，而且”，表示并列关系，后半句提到了”最困难的事”，因此该题与”困难的”是同一范畴
的词。故选 C。
【43 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们从来不认为太难或不值得这么努力。A.attention 注意力；B.effort 努力；C.interest
兴趣；D.time 时间。根据上文“Babies rise to the learning challenge daily. Not just for ___2___tasks, but the most
difficult ones of a lifetime, like leaning to walk and talk.”可知，婴儿生来就会学习，他们不会意识到这些任务
是不是太难或者这些任务值不值得花费精力去完成。不选择 time 是因为该段落强调是婴儿学习挑战的行为，
而没有突出时间这个概念，因此 effort 符合题意。故选 B。
【44 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：婴儿不担心犯错误或伤害自己。A.confusing 使困惑；B.behaving 表现；C.punishing
惩罚；D.hurting 使受伤。首先根据 or 表并列可知，该题的动词是婴儿主动发出的而且结果是消极的，其次
根据下文的“They walk, they fall,”的提示，婴儿学习走路，然后会跌倒，由跌倒可以联想到他们在学习的
过程中可能会受伤，故选 D。
【45 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们走路，跌倒，站起来。A.get up 起立；B.give up 放弃；C.show up 露面；D.shut
up 闭嘴。根据常识和该句子的顺承逻辑，婴儿走路、跌倒，然后再站起来。故选 A。
【46 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一旦孩子们能够评估自己，其中一些人就会害怕挑战。A.afraid 害怕的；B.ashamed
羞愧的；C.confident 自信的；D.ignorant 无知的。根据上文“What puts an end to this fearless learning? A fixed
mindset. As soon as children become able to evaluate themselves”可知，孩子一开始是不害怕学习的， 但是这
个过程被终结了，所以一些孩子开始害怕挑战。故选 A。
【47 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们担心不够聪明。A.adorable 可爱的；B.curious 好奇的；C.modest 谦虚的；
D.smart 聪明的。根据上文“As soon as children become able to evaluate themselves”可推断，孩子开始评估自
己，下一段“They believe smart kids don’t make ____11____.”提到把自己与聪明孩子做对比，因此他们担心
自己不够聪明。故选 D。
【48 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的研究团队已经研究了成千上万来自学龄前儿童的人，那么多的人拒绝学习
的机会真是令人震惊。A.seize 抓住；B.ruin 毁灭；C.reject 拒绝；D.require 要求。根据上文“As soon as children
become able to evaluate themselves, some of them become ___6___ of challenges.”可推断，一些孩子开始害怕
学习，因此拒绝学习的机会。故选 C。
【49 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们提供给四岁的孩子一个选择：他们可以重新做一个简单的拼图，或者尝试
一个更困难的拼图。A.lesson 教训；B.choice 选择；C.gift 礼物；D.game 游戏。根据下文“they could redo an
easy jigsaw (拼图) or try a harder one.”可知，研究团队在实验过程中让孩子们做简单的或者困难的拼图任
务，这是一个二选的选择。故选 B。
【50 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使在这么小的时候，有固定型思维模式的孩子们也会坚持保持简单的心态。
A.challenging 富有挑战性的；B.interesting 有趣的；C.new 新的；D.simple 简单的。根据下一段文章内容
“Children with a growth mindset, however, thought it was a ____12____choice.”和“They chose increasingly
difficult-ones instead.”可以推出，成长型思维模式的孩子会选择困难的拼图任务,因此固定型思维模式的孩
子会选择相反的任务。故选 D。
【51 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们认为聪明的孩子不会犯错误。A.decisions 决定；B.jigsaws 拼图；C.mistakes
错误；D.predictions 预测。根据上文“A fixed mindset. As soon as children become able to evaluate themselves,
some of them become ___6___ of challenges. They worry about not being ___7___.”以及下文“They chose
increasingly difficult-ones instead.”可推断，固定型思维模式的孩子由于害怕自己犯错误而选择简单的任务,
所以他们会认为聪明的孩子不会像他们那样犯错误。故选 C。
【52 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，有成长型思维的孩子们认为这是一个奇怪的选择。A.strange 奇怪的；
B.promising 有希望的；C.profitable 有益的；D.difficult 困难的。根据下文的问句“Why would anyone want to
keep doing the same puzzle ____13____?”可推断，成长型思维的孩子会选择困难的任务,他们觉得为什么要
重复做相同的任务,也就是说他们觉得没必要做简单的任务，所以对于为什么有这两种选择而感到奇怪。故
选 A。
【53 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：为什么有人想重复做同样的谜题。A.repeatedly 重复地；B.unwillingly 不情愿地；
C.automatically 自动地；D.properly 恰当地。根据“keep doing the same puzzle”可知，这个任务是一直在做
相同的事情，故选 A。
【54 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是那些有固定型思维的人并不想暴露他们的缺点。A.secrets 秘密；B.thoughts
想法；C.preferences 偏爱；D.weaknesses 弱点。根据上文“children with a growth mindset seized the chance.”
以及 but 表示转折可知，固定型思维的孩子不愿抓住学习的机会,是因为他们害怕犯错，会显示出自己的不
足。故选 D。
【55 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是一个固定型思维的人如何成为非习得者的。A.theorists 理论家；
B.perfectionists 完美主义者；C.non-learners 非习得者；D.risk-takers 风险承担者。根据第一段内容与第二 段
首句“What on earth would make someone a non-learner?”可知，通篇文章讲述的是什么导致了习得者和非习
得者的区别，文章最后一句总结了固定型思维导致了非习得者的形成。故选 C。
第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Katherine Johnson Dies at 101； Mathematician Broke Barriers at NASA
They asked Katherine Johnson for the moon, and she gave it to them.
___56___ (use) little more than a pencil, a slide rule and one of the finest mathematical minds in the country,
Mrs. Johnson, who died at 101 on Monday, calculated the precise trajectories(轨道)that would let Apollo 11 land
on the moon in 1969 and, after Neil Armstrong's history-making moonwalk, ___57___(let) it return to Earth.
Yet throughout Mrs. Johnson's 33 years in NASA and for ___58___ (decade) afterward, almost no one knew
her name.
Mrs. Johnson was one of several hundred strictly educated, extremely capable yet largely ___59___ (mention)
women who are well before the modern feminist movement. worked as NASA mathematicians. But ___60___was
not only her sex that kept her long marginalized and long unsung.
For some years at midcentury, the black women worked as "computers” ___61___ were subjected to a double
segregation(隔离歧视):They___62___ (keep) separate from the much ___63___(large) group of white women who
in turn were segregated from the agency's male mathematicians and engineers.
In old age. Mrs. Johnson became ___64___ most celebrated of the small excellent group of black women who
at midcentury served___65___ mathematicians for the space agency. Their story was told in the 2016 Hollywood
film "Hidden Figures”, which was nominated for three Oscars, including Best Picture.
【答案】56. using
57. let/would let
58. decades
59. unmentioned
60. it 61. who/that
62. were kept
63. larger 64. the
65. as
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的著名的数学家凯瑟琳•约翰逊
【56 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：使用一个铅笔,计算尺和一个最好的数学头脑,约翰逊太太精确计算出轨迹,让 1969
年阿波罗 11 号登陆月球约翰逊夫人于周一去世，享年 101 岁。设空处在句中做非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语
之间是逻辑的主动关系。故答案为 using。
【57 题详解】
考查动词。句意：在尼尔·阿姆斯特朗历史性的月球行走之后，让它返回地球。设空处在句中作谓语，根据
句意可知，句子的主语为 the precise trajectories(轨道)，设空处与 would let 并列，故答案为 let/would let。
【58 题详解】
考查名词。句意：然而，在约翰逊夫人在 NASA 工作的 33 年里以及之后的 10 年里，几乎没有人知道她的
名字。设空处在句中为可数名词，设空处前无限定词修饰。此处应用复数形式，故答案为 decades。
【59 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：约翰逊夫人是现代女权运动之前几百位受过严格教育、极有能力却很少被提及的女性
之一。曾是 NASA 的数学家。设空处后为名词，故设空出应用形容词形式。结合句意，此处表示很少被提
到的。故答案为 unmentioned。
【60 题详解】
考查强调句。句意：但使她长期被边缘化、默默无闻的，并不仅仅是她的性别。强调句的结构：it+is/was+
强调成分+that/who+其他。故答案为 it。
【61 题详解】
考查定语从句的引导词。句意：在 20 世纪中叶的几年里，黑人妇女充当“受到双重隔离的计算机”设空处
引导定语从句且在句中做指人的主语。先行词为 the black women。故答案为 who/that。
【62 题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：她们被与数量多得多的白人女性隔离开来，而白人女性又被与该机构的男性数学家
和工程师隔离开来。设空处在句中做谓语，和句子的主语之间是被动关系，叙述过去的事情，应用一般过
去时，故答案为 were kept。
【63 题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。句意见上题解析。设空处后为名词，设空处应用形容词；much 修饰比较级，故设空
处应用形容词的比较级。故答案为 larger。
【64 题详解】
考查介词。句意：在晚年。约翰逊夫人是本世纪中叶为数不多的优秀黑人女性中最著名的一位，她们在太
空总署担任数学家。设空处后为最高级，故设空处应用定冠词 the,故答案为 the。
【65 题详解】
考查介词。句意见上题解析。固定短语“serve as”充当；结合句意。故答案为 as。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（满分 15 分）
66. 假定你是李华，你班外教 Smith 先生即将回国。为感谢他在过去一年中所给予的帮助， 你班将举行一
次告别班会。请代表班级写一篇发言稿，内容包括：
1. 表示道别；
2. 感谢帮助；
3. 表达祝愿。
注意：
1. 词数 80 左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
______
【答案】One Possible Version:
Dear Mr. Smith,
I feel greatly honored to be here and extend our heartfelt respect and thanks to you on behalf of my fellow
students. How I wish that you could continue to be with us.
In the past year, we have benefited much from your wonderful work. We'll always cherish the wise guidance
and the encouraging smiles you offered when we were discouraged. Meanwhile, your selflessness, optimism and
kindness will be engraved in our memory and inspire us forward.
Thank you again. Wish you a pleasant journey home and all the best for the future.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生代表班级写一篇发言稿，感谢外教 Smith 在过去一年中所给予
的帮助。
【详解】1.词汇积累
感谢：appreciation→thanks
鼓励的：inspiring→encouraging
提供：provide→offer
愉快的：enjoyable→pleasant
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In the past year, we have benefited much from your wonderful work.
拓展句：In the past year, you did wonderful work, from which we have benefited much.
【点睛】[高分句型 1] How I wish that you could continue to be with us. (运用了 that 引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型 2] We'll always cherish the wise guidance and the encouraging smiles you offered when we were
discouraged. (you offered 为省略关系词的定语从句；运用了 when 引导的时间状语从句)
第二节：读后续写（满分 25 分）
67. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
The day my dad gave me a BB gun was my twelfth birthday, and I almost couldn't help jumping up and down
when I saw what it was.
With a smile, he led me outside and showed me how to shoot ― first loading the gun, pumping it a few times,
aiming, and finally, firing. Before handing the gun to me, he said seriously, “I don't ever want to see you killing
anything. That's not the reason why I bought you this gun.” I thought he was afraid that I'd learn what real power
felt like. Anyway, it was okay with me because I figured I'd find many other targets.
“Hey, Mike.” I yelled to my friend upon making one of my greatest discoveries. “Check this out.” I aimed at
the top of the telephone pole. “What're you doing?” he asked. I fired, and the BB hit the top of the pole, causing a
loud “DING” to ring out. “Cool, ” Mike said. I smiled like a king ― a smile that grew even wider when Mike
couldn't hit the same target. The good thing was that no matter how many times you shot those things they never
broke. Then again, maybe that was why it got boring.
A few months later, I found myself walking down the street, gun in hand, searching for new targets. I stopped
by a telephone pole, popping off a few shots with nothing better to do. Suddenly, a bird swooped (俯冲) down and
landed on the wire. It cooed and walked slowly, completely unaware of my watchful eye. Here I was, a bored kid,
holding a BB gun, and a bird standing right there in front of me―and no one around to tell my dad. It was so
perfect. I figured it was a sign from God. I aimed straight at the bird, held my breath, and squeezed slowly upon the
trigger (扳机). But I hesitated. I was about to shoot a bird, feeling at one moment uneasy, at another excited. The
exciting part won. I fired.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1：
The bird dropped like a rock, one wing flopping behind as it fell.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________
Paragraph 2：
When my dad got home that evening, he asked me how my day was.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1：
The bird dropped like a rock, one wing flopping behind as it fell. I heard it thump into the dirt. Before
lowering the gun, I realised what I'd done—I'd killed my first animal. “Oh no！” My stomach was tied in knots and I
prayed, “Oh God, please don't let it be dead.” The bird lay there with blood streaming from its beak, feathers large
and small scattered about. I reached out and rolled it over, but its head drooped lifelessly to the side. After burying
it, I hurried home, hiding my BB gun in the closet.
Paragraph 2：
When my dad got home that evening, he asked me how my day was. I hesitated, and was momentarily uneasy
that guilt crossed my face. My dad, a man of keen perception, quickly went into confrontation mode, asking what
really happened. I replied, as if I had to choke the words out of my throat, tears streaming down my face. He didn't
say anything but just looked at me, hand resting on my shoulder. That evening, my dad made me vow to never kill a
thing again, explaining that once I got bored of animals, the next target could be something even more priceless.
【解析】
【分析】通过所给文章，作者从父亲那里收到一把气枪作为 12 岁生日礼物，父亲再三叮嘱作者不要用它射
杀任何有生命的东西，可作者最终还是没能控制住自己射杀了一只鸟儿。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“那只鸟像一块石头似的掉了下来，一只翅膀扑通一声落在后面。”可知，第一段可
描写作者看到自己射杀了鸟儿之后的心理活动。
②由第二段首句内容“那天晚上，爸爸回到家，问我今天过得怎么样。”可知，第二段可描写作者对父亲
坦白了自己的所作所为之后，父亲的反应以及作者的反思。
2.续写线索：鸟儿掉落——发现死亡——不安回家——坦白——安慰教导——忏悔
3.词汇激活
行为类
①意识到：realise/be aware of
②翻转：roll over/flip
③发生：happen/come about
情绪类
①不安：uneasy/unstable
②厌倦：get bored of/be tired of
【点睛】
[高分句型 1] My dad, a man of keen perception, quickly went into confrontation mode, asking what really
happened.（what 引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型 2] I replied, as if I had to choke the words out of my throat, tears streaming down my face.（as if 引导的
方式状语从句）
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