2021 年新高考押题卷（三）英语试卷 江苏专用 解析版
考试时间：100 分钟 试卷满分：120 分
第一部分 阅读(共两节, 满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题:每小题 2.5 分, 满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Here are some apps you may find useful.
Mirror
It is like having a personal trainer in your home with you. The super smart screen is designed
to look like a full—length mirror. It offers more than 20 types of workouts with classes ranging
from 15 to 60 minutes and beginner to expert levels. Mirror requires special equipment that is
separate from the price of a membership.
Peloton
Even those who don't like exercise know what Peloton is. Workouts available on the Peloton
app go far past biking. But with so many Peloton die—hards praising the app as one of the best
cardio (有氧运动) workouts out there, the cycling aspect deserves a spotlight. Peloton is
community—based and offers the chance to bike with other members. Classes are fun to follow
along, led by famous instructors.
Fitbod
It builds custom workouts based on your strength—training ability, past workouts, and
available gym equipment. Each day you get a personalized fitness plan to help you get stronger. It
is its advantage that attracts many die—hard fans. Fitbod workouts focus on all your muscle
groups in the classes. Fitbod is free to try, but if you want to unlock the unlimited workouts, you
have to pay.
Tonal
It is designed for people who like the range of machines at the gym, but don't like sharing
them. It brings the whole gym setup home, but it's not cheap. Accessories(配件) like handles and a
bench are sold separately. Instead of taking up a bunch of space in your garage or basement, Tonal
provides everything including fitness classes in a touch—screen display.
1．Which app is best for cyclists?
A．Fitbod. B．Tonal. C．Mirror. D．Peloton.
2．What is special about Fitbod?
A．It offers daily workout plan.
B．It can be used for free forever.
C．It has offline personal trainers.
D．It centers on weight loss programs.
3．What do the four apps have in common?
A．They require customers to register.
B．They sell relevant equipment.
C．They give fitness classes online.
D．They can be used while working.
【答案】DAC
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四款健身软件。
1．细节理解题。根据“Peloton”部分第二句“But with so many Peloton die—hards praising the app
as one of the best cardio (有氧运动) workouts out there, the cycling aspect deserves a spotlight.”
（但是，有那么多的铁杆粉丝称赞这款应用是最好的有氧运动之一，因此骑行方面值得关注。）
可知，对于骑行的人来说 Peloton 是最好的应用。故选 D。
2．细节理解题。根据“Fitbod”部分第二句“Each day you get a personalized fitness plan to help
you get stronger.”（每天你都会得到一个个性化的健身计划来帮助你变得更强壮。）可知，
Fitbod 的特殊之处在于它提供每日健身计划。故选 A。
3．推理判断题。根据“Mirror”部分第三句“It offers more than 20 types of workouts with classes
ranging from 15 to 60 minutes and beginner to expert levels.”（它提供 20 多种类型的锻炼，课
程从 15 分钟到 60 分钟不等，初学者到专家水平。），“Peloton”部分最后一句“Classes are fun to
follow along, led by famous instructors.”（在著名导师的带领下，跟随课程是很有趣的。），
“Fitbod”部分倒第二句“Fitbod workouts focus on all your muscle groups in the classes.”（Fitbod
健身在课堂上的集中在所有肌肉群。）和“Tonal”部分最后一句“Instead of taking up a bunch of
space in your garage or basement, Tonal provides everything including fitness classes in a
touch—screen display.”（与在你的车库或地下室占用大量空间不同，tone 在触摸屏上提供包
括健身课程在内的一切服务。）可知，这四款应用都提供线上健身课程。故选 C。
B
When is cleaning walls a crime? When you’re doing it to create art, obviously. A number of
street artists around the world have started expressing themselves through a practice known as
reverse graffiti (涂鸦). They find dirty surfaces and paint them with images or messages using
cleaning brushes or pressure hoses (高压水管). Either way, it’s the same principle: the image is
made by cleaning away the dirt. Each artist has their own individual style but all artists share a
common aim: to draw attention to the pollution in our cities.
The UK’s Paul Curtis, better known as Moose, operates around Leeds and London and has
been appointed by a number of companies to make reverse graffiti advertisements. Brazilian artist,
Alexandre Orion, turned one of Sao Paulo’s transport tunnels into an amazing wall painting in
2006 by getting rid of the dirt. Made up of series of white skulls (颅骨), the painting reminds
drivers of the effect their pollution is having on the planet. “Every motorist sits in the comfort of
their car, but they don’t give any consideration to the price their comfort has for the environment
and consequently for themselves,” says Orion.
The anti-pollution message of the reverse graffiti artists confuses city authorities since the
main argument against graffiti is that it spoils the appearance of both types of property: public and
private. This was what Leeds City Council said about Moose’s work: “Leeds residents want to live
in clean and attractive neighborhoods. We view this kind of advertising as environmental damage
and will take strong action against it.” Moose was ordered to “clean up his act.” How was he
supposed to do this: by making all property he had cleaned dirty again?
As for the Brazilian artist’s work, the authorities were annoyed but could find nothing to
charge him with. They had no other option but to clean the tunnel — but only the parts Alexandre
had already cleaned. The artist merely continued his campaign on the other side. The city officials
then decided to take further action. They not only cleaned the whole tunnel but every tunnel in Sao
Paulo.
4．What do we learn from the passage about reverse graffiti?
A．It uses paint to create anti-pollution images.
B．It creates a lot of trouble for local residents.
C．It causes lots of distraction to drivers.
D．It turns dirty walls into artistic works.
5．What do we learn about Brazilian artist Alexandre Orion?
A．He was good at painting white skulls.
B．He chose tunnels to do his graffiti art.
C．He suggested banning all polluting cars.
D．He was fond of doing creative artworks.
6．What does the author imply about Leeds City Council’s decision?
A．It is simply absurd. B．It is well-informed.
C．It is rather unexpected. D．It is quite sensible.
7．How did Sao Paulo city officials handle Alexandre Orion's reverse graffiti?
A．They made him clean all the tunnels in Sao Paulo.
B．They took further action to ban all reverse graffiti.
C．They charged him with polluting tunnels in the city.
D．They made it impossible for him to practice his art.
【答案】ABAD
【分析】这是一篇议论文。本文主要讨论涂鸦是否犯罪，讲述在涂鸦方面艺术家们和政府之
间的矛盾：艺术家们为了呼吁环保而涂鸦，而政府因为保护环境禁止涂鸦。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段“to draw attention to the pollution in our cities(关注我们城市的污
染)”及第三段“The anti-pollution message of the reverse graffiti(反污染意义的涂鸦)”可知，艺术
家们涂鸦是为了创造反污染的概念。故选 A 项。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Brazilian artist, Alexandre Orion, turned one of Sao Paulo's transport
tunnels into an amazing wall painting in 2006 by getting rid of the dirt.(在 2006 年，巴西艺术家
Alexandre Orion 把 Sao Paulo 的交通隧道变成令人惊奇的涂鸦墙，使交通隧道摆脱尘土)”可
知，Alexandre Orion 在交通隧道里涂鸦。故选 B 项。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段 “We view this kind of advertising as environmental damage and will
take strong action against it.(我们认为这种广告会破坏环境，所以要强力反对)”及“Moose was
ordered to “clean up his act.”(Moose 被命令“改过自新”)”可知，前文讲述艺术家为了呼吁环保
而涂鸦，但是当局却认为涂鸦是污染环境的行为，禁止艺术家涂鸦。再根据“How was he
supposed to do this: by making all property he had cleaned dirty again?(该怎么做呢？要把他所
有干净的杰作再弄脏吗？)”可推知，作者提出这样的问题是为了表达对当局做法的否定。故
选 A 项。
7．推理判断题。根据第四段“They not only cleaned the whole tunnel but every tunnel in Sao
Paulo.(他们不仅要清除这个隧道的涂鸦，还有 Sao Paulo 里的每一个隧道)”可推知，圣保罗
市的官员们让亚历山大·奥利翁的涂鸦成为不可能。故选 D 项。
C
The idea of billions of people going through a few masks a week during this pandemic
definitely rings alarm bells, but a team of researchers in Melbourne may have the solution.
They’ve discovered that adding millions of discarded face masks to road-paving (铺路)
mixtures would actually lower the cost of the road, while preventing billions of them from
landfills. Just one kilometer of road would need three million masks, and the polypropylene (聚丙
烯) plastic used to make single-use surgical face masks also increased the flexibility and durability
of the road.
The new material is a mixture of about 2% torn masks, with recycled concrete aggregate
(RCA)—a material obtained from waste concrete and other minerals from destroyed buildings.
This recycled material was found in the study to be ideal for two of the four layers generally
required to create roadways. Paving a kilometer of two-way road with the RCA and three million
face masks would result in a change of 93 tons of waste from landfills.
The final product then is more resistant to wear than asphalt (沥青), as well as being cheaper
too, provided there was a method for collecting masks. The research team did a cost-analysis and
found that, at $26 per ton, the RCA was about half the cost of mining raw materials, and as much
as a third of the cost of shipping the used masks to a landfill.
The widespread application would be ideal for large infrastructure (基础设施) projects. For
example, Washington has the 11th worst roads in terms of unaddressed repairs in the U.S. If the
damaged roads in Washington state were repaired with the RCA/mask mixture, it would reuse
nearly 10 billion masks, sparing American landfills hundreds of millions of tons of trash.
It’s said that the team is looking for private industry partners or governments willing to give
their plastic mask road an opportunity for a large-scale test.
8．What does the underlined word “discarded” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Recycled. B．Produced.
C．Mixed. D．Abandoned.
9．What is the new material used to pave ways made of?
A．2% torn masks, concrete and tons of trash.
B．Polypropylene plastic and building materials.
C．Single-use surgical masks and recycled concrete aggregate.
D．Waste concrete and other minerals from destroyed buildings.
10．Why are numbers mentioned in paragraph 5?
A．To tell us what the team has found.
B．To prove this material is cost-effective in paving roads.
C．To explain repairing roads costs a lot of materials.
D．To praise the hard work the team has done.
11．What can we learn from the text?
A．The material used to pave roads is made of masks.
B．Generally speaking, it requires two layers to create roadways.
C．It remains to be tested whether the solution is practical.
D．The damaged roads in Washington were repaired with the RCA．
【答案】DCBC
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了疫情大流行期间每周有大量的口罩被扔掉，墨
尔本的一组研究人员计划将人们用过的废弃口罩添加到铺路的混合材料中去，不过该解决方
案是否可行还有待测试。
8．词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子“They’ve discovered that adding millions of face
masks to road-paving (铺路) mixtures would actually lower the cost of the road, while preventing
billions of them from landfills.”可知，他们发现，将数百万个口罩添加到铺路混合料中，实际
上可以降低道路成本，同时防止数十亿个口罩被填埋。根据第一段的“The idea of billions of
people going through a few masks a week during this pandemic definitely rings alarm bells, but a
team of researchers in Melbourne may have the solution.”可知，疫情大流行期间每周有数十亿
人戴着口罩的想法肯定会敲响警钟，但墨尔本的一组研究人员可能有解决方案。将上下文结
合起来可知，解决方案是将人们用过的废弃口罩添加到铺路的混合材料中去。由此可知，划
线单词意为“被遗弃的”。故选 D。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Just one kilometer of road would need three million masks, and
the polypropylene (聚丙烯) plastic used to make single-use surgical face masks also increased the
flexibility and durability of the road. ”可知，仅一公里的道路就需要 300 万个口罩，而用于制
造一次性手术口罩的聚丙烯塑料也提高了道路的柔韧性和耐用性。再根据第三段的“The new
material is a mixture of about 2% torn masks, with recycled concrete aggregate (RCA)—a
material obtained from waste concrete and other minerals from destroyed buildings.”可知，这种新
材料是约 2％破损口罩与再生混凝土骨料（RCA）的混合物，后者是从废弃混凝土和被毁建
筑物中的其他矿物中获得的。由此可知，铺路用的新材料是一次性使用口罩和再生混凝土骨
料组成的。故选 C。
10．推理判断题。根据第五段的“For example, Washington has the 11th worst roads in terms of
unaddressed repairs in the U.S. If the damaged roads in Washington state were repaired with the
RCA/mask mixture, it would reuse nearly 10 billion masks, sparing American landfills hundreds
of millions of tons of trash.”可知，例如，就美国未解决的维修而言，华盛顿的道路是美国第
11 糟糕的。如果使用再生混凝土骨料（RCA）和口罩的混合物来修复华盛顿州受损的道路，
它将重复使用近 100 亿个口罩，从而使美国的垃圾掩埋场减少数亿吨的垃圾填埋。由此可知，
第 5 段中提到的数字是为证明这种材料在铺路时具有成本效益。故选 B。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“It’s said that the team is looking for private industry partners
or governments willing to give their plastic mask road an opportunity for a large-scale test.”可知，
据说，该团队正在寻找愿意为其塑料口罩道路提供大规模测试机会的私营行业合作伙伴或政
府。由此可知，该解决方案是否可行还有待测试。故选 C。
D
Hardware in general, and smartphones in particular, have become a huge environmental and
health problem in the Global South’s landfill sites(垃圾填埋场).
Electronic waste (e-waste) currently takes up 5 percent of all global waste, and it is set to
increase rapidly as more of us own more than one smartphone, laptop and power bank. They end
up in places like Agbogbloshie on the outskirts of Ghana’s capital, Accra. It is the biggest e-waste
dump in the world, where 10,000 informal workers walk through tons of abandoned goods as part
of an informal recycling process. They risk their health searching for the precious metals that are
found in abandoned smartphones.
But Agbogbloshie legally should not exist. The Basel Convention, a 1989 treaty, aims to
prevent developed nations from unauthorized dumping of e-waste in less developed countries. The
e-waste industry, however, circumvents regulation by exporting e-waste labelled as “secondhand
goods” to poor countries like Ghana, knowing full well that it is heading for a landfill site.
A recent report found Agbogbloshie contained some of the most dangerous chemicals. This is
not surprising: smart phones contain chemicals like mercury(水银), lead and even arsenic(砷).
Reportedly, one egg from a free-range chicken in Agbogbloshie contained a certain chemical
which can cause cancer and damage the immune system at a level that’s about 220 times greater
than a limit set by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Most worryingly, these poisonous
chemicals are free to pollute the broader soil and water system. This should concern us all, since
some of Ghana’s top exports are cocoa and nuts.
Some governments have started to take responsibility for their consumers’ waste. For
example, Germany has started a project that includes a sustainable recycling system at
Agbogbloshie, along with a health clinic for workers. However, governments cannot solve the
problem alone, as there is an almost limitless consumer demand for hardware, especially when
governments’ green policies are focused on issues like climate change.
Only the manufacturers can fix this. A more economically sustainable and politically possible
solution is through encouraging hardware manufacturers to make the repair, reuse and recycling of
hardware profitable, or at least cost-neutral.
12．What can we infer from Paragraph 2?
A．Electronic waste requires more landfill sites.
B．Electronic waste is too complex to get fully recycled.
C．Electronic products need to be improved immediately.
D．Electronic pollution is a burning question in Agbogbloshie.
13．What does the underlined word “circumvents” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Relaxes. B．Abolishes. C．Avoids. D．Tightens.
14．What should be the biggest concern according to the text?
A．The violation of EFSA’s standards. B．The threat of polluted food worldwide.
C．The lack of diversity in Ghana’s exports. D．The damage to chicken’s immune system.
15．What does the author think is the best solution to the e-waste problem?
A．Letting governments take on the main responsibility.
B．Reducing customers’ demands for electronic products.
C．Governments adjusting their green policies about e-waste.
D．Manufacturers’ developing a sustainable hardware economy.
【答案】DCBD
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电子垃圾虽被掩埋在欠发达国家，但已成为危害全人
类的公敌，因此政府和制造商都应该作出努力来减少电子垃圾污染。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段“Electronic waste(e-waste) currently takes up 5 percent of all global
waste, and it is set to increase rapidly as more of us own more than one smartphone, laptop and
power bank.They end up in places like Agbogbloshie on the outskirts of Ghana's capital, Accra.
(目前，电子垃圾占全球垃圾总量的 5%，而且随着越来越多的人拥有不止一台智能手机、笔
记本电脑和移动电源，这一比例还将迅速上升。它们最终在加纳首都阿克拉郊区的
Agbogbloshie 等地落脚)”可推知，随着电子垃圾的快速增长，Agbogbloshie 地区的电子污染
是一个严峻的问题。故选 D。
13．词句猜测题。根据划线词前面的句子“The Basel Convention, a 1989 treaty, aims to prevent
developed nations from unauthorized dumping of e-waste in less developed countries.(1989 年签
署的《巴塞尔公约》旨在防止发达国家未经授权向欠发达国家倾倒电子垃圾)”可知划线词所
在的句子意思是发达国家打着向发展中国家出口“二手物品”的幌子将电子垃圾转移到发展
中国家来避开《巴塞尔公约》的规定，可推知划线词的意思为“避开、躲避”。A. Relaxes 放
松；B. Abolishes.废除；C. Avoids. 避免、躲避；D. Tightens.拉紧。故选 C。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段“Most worryingly, these poisonous chemicals are free to pollute the
broader soil and water system. This should concern us all, since some of Ghana's top exports are
cocoa and nuts(最令人担忧的是，这些有毒的化学物质可以随意污染更广阔的土壤和水系统。
这应该引起我们所有人的关注，因为加纳的一些主要出口产品是可可和坚果）”可知，加纳
大量对外出口可可和坚果，所以全球范围内都会受到被污染食物的威胁。故选 B。
15．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Only the manufacturers can fix this. A more economically
sustainable and politically possible solution is through encouraging hardware manufacturers to
make the repair, reuse and recycling of hardware profitable, or at least cost-neutral.(只有制造商
才能解决这个问题。一个经济上更可持续、政治上更可行的解决方案是，鼓励硬件制造商使
硬件的维修、再利用和回收变得有利可图，或者至少不影响成本)”可知，作者认为解决电子
垃圾问题的关键在于硬件生产商，他们应该遵守可持续发展的原则，生产便于维修、可回收
利用的电子产品。故选 D。
第二节(共 5 小题:每小题 2. 5 分, 满分 12. 5 分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选
项。
Alfred Nobel Rests in Peace
People like Martin Luther King Jr. , Nelson Mandela, and Mother Teresa have become
famous all around the world. 16． They are all winners of the Nobel Peace Prize. But none of
them would have received the recognition it brings had it not been for one Swedish man, Alfred
Nobel.
When Alfred joined the Nobel family company, it had been developing explosives for many
years. His father had started the family fortune by working for the Russian army to produce
landmines and sea mines. But the family made even more money by manufacturing nitroglycerine,
which was a very dangerous explosive.
One day Alfred arrived home to find his 20-year-old brother Emil had been killed in a
nitroglycerine explosion. 17．The result was dynamite（甘油炸药），which became an immediate
success all over the world.
Alfred Nobel always wanted dynamite to be used for peaceful means. Unfortunately，when
the First World War ended，dynamite had been used to take away the lives of thousands of young
men. 18．To see his invention being used in this way made him very sad.
Sometime later Alfred's older brother Ludwig died. One newspaper accidentally printed
Alfred's obituary instead of his brother's. It described Alfred as a man who had become rich by
inventing a weapon of mass destruction. After reading the review of his life. Alfred was horrified
and decided to use the great fortune he had made to reward people who had been working to
promote good in society. 19．The Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to the person who had done the
most，or the best, work to promote friendship between countries, to abolish armies or to hold and
promote peace conferences.
In 1997 the Nobel Peace Prize went to an American called Jody Williams for her efforts to
get landmines banned. 20． Perhaps now, Alfred Nobel will rest more easily in his grave.
A．And what do they have in common?
B．Hence, it was a large amount of money.
C．Alfred was determined to invent a safer explosive.
D．He was so grieved by the accident that he even desired to give up his job.
E．Ironically, of course, the Nobel family fortunes had been built on mines.
F．Alfred had always hated war and considered it to be 'the horror of horrors and the greatest of all
crimes’
G．The five awards he created were for physics，chemistry, medicine, literature and, most
significantly, peace.
【答案】ACFGE
【分析】本文是一篇人物传记。文章介绍诺贝尔奖的创始人 Alfred Nobel 的一生经历。诺贝
尔奖授予了应得之人，Alfred Nobel 在他的坟墓里会安息得更安稳。
16．根据下文提示“They are all winners of the Nobel Peace Prize.（他们都是诺贝尔和平奖的获
得者）”可知，此处应该是询问其共同点是什么。所以 A 项 And what do they have in common?
（它们有什么共同点呢?）切题。故选 A。
17．该选项可衔接前文 Alfred 的哥哥被意外炸死，且根据后文“The result was dynamite（结
果是爆炸性的）”可知，此处表述 Alfred 决心发明一种更安全的爆炸物。所以 C 项 Alfred was
determined to invent a safer explosive.（Alfred 决定发明一种更安全的炸药）切题。故选 C。
18．前文写到一战结束的时候他的发明被用在战争中，F 选项 Alfred had always hated war and
considered it to be 'the horror of horrors and the greatest of all crimes’（ 他一直痛恨战争，认为
“it”是令人厌恶的事情中最让人厌恶的事情，是最严重的犯罪）切题。该选项承接一战的内
容。故选 F。
19．前文中提到 Alfred 决定用他赚取的财富去奖励造福社会的人，G 选项 The five awards he
created were for physics，chemistry, medicine, literature and, most significantly, peace.（他设立
的五个奖项是物理学，化学，医学，文学奖，还有最重要的，和平奖）切题。该项进一步说
明他设计了什么奖项，并在后文接着写诺贝尔和平奖颁给什么样的人。故选 G。
20．根据上文提示“In 1997 the Nobel Peace Prize went to an American called Jody Williams for
her efforts to get landmines banned.（1997 年，诺贝尔和平奖授予了美国人乔迪·威廉姆斯(Jody
Williams)，因为她为禁止地雷所做的努力）”可知，1997 年的诺贝尔和平奖颁给了一个号召
禁用地雷的人，承接上文，E 选项 Ironically, of course, the Nobel family fortunes had been built
on mines.（当然，具有讽刺意味的是，诺贝尔家族的财富是建立在矿山上的。）切题。令人
觉得讽刺的是，诺贝尔家族的财富都是基于地雷。故选 E。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题:每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was a child of seven years old, my friends, on a holiday, filled my pocket with
coins. I went at once to a shop where they sold toys for children. Being 21 with the
sound of a whistle that I had seen by the way, in the hands of another boy, I handed over all my
money for one. I then came home, and went whistling all over the house, much pleased with
my whistle, but 22 all the family. My brothers and sisters and cousins, when I told of the
23 I had made, said I had given four times as much as the whistle was worth. They put me
in mind of what good things I might have bought with the rest of the money, and laughed at me
so much for my being stupid that I cried with vexation (烦恼). Thinking about the matter gave
me more 24 than the whistle gave me pleasure.
25 , this was afterwards of use to me, for the impression continued on my mind, so
that often, when I was 26 to buy something I did not need, I said to myself, “Don’t give
too much for the whistle, ” and I saved my money. As I grew up, came into the world, and
27 the actions of men, I thought I met with many, very many, who “gave too much for the
whistle.”
If I knew a miser（守财奴）who 28 every kind of comfortable living, all the
pleasure of doing good to others, all the esteem of his fellow citizens and the joys of
friendship, 29 gathering and keeping wealth--- “Poor man,” said I, “ you pay too dear
for your whistle.” When I met a man of pleasure, who did not try to improve his mind or his
fortune but 30 devoted himself to having a good time, perhaps neglecting his health,
“Mistaken man, you are providing 31 for yourself, instead of pleasure; you are paying
too dear for your whistle.” If I saw someone fond of 32 who has fine clothes,
fine houses, fine furniture, fine earrings, all above his 33 , and for which he had
run into debt, and ends his career in a prison. “Alas,” said I, “he has paid dear, very dear,
for his whistle.”
34 , the miseries of mankind are largely due to their putting a(n) 35 value
on things --- to giving “too much for their whistle.”
21．A．faced B．charmed C．sympathized D．provided
22．A．disturbing B．attracting C．entertaining D．confusing
23．A．trouble B．attempt C．choice D．bargain
24．A．satisfaction B．relief C．annoyance D．stress
25．A．Moreover B．Therefore C．However D．Indeed
26．A．tempted B．determined C．forced D．persuaded
27．A．took B．observed C．admired D．followed
28．A．turned against B．gave up C．cared about D．relied on
29．A．in case of B．instead of C．for the sake of D．in terms of
30．A．merely B．similarly C．strangely D．positively
31．A．inconvenience B．burden C．frustration D．pain
32．A．appearance B．wealth C．comforts D．necessities
33．A．demand B．fortune C．standard D．value
34．A．As a result B．By contrast C．On average D．In short
35．A．unexpected B．great C．false D．true
【答案】BADCC ABBCA DABDC
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者由儿时为一只哨子付出高昂的代价联系到生活中的几
类人——由于对事物价值的错误认识，他们为“哨子”付出的代价太大了。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被路上看到的一个男孩的哨声迷住了，我把所有的钱都给
了他换了一个哨子。A. faced 面对；B. charmed 迷醉，吸引；C. sympathized 同情；D. provided
提供。空后说我把所有的钱都给了这个男孩换了一个哨子，这说明我被他的哨声迷住了，be
charmed with 表示“给迷住”，故选 B。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我回到家，吹着哨子在屋子里走来走去，对我的哨声感
到非常高兴，但却打扰了全家人。A. disturbing 打扰；B. attracting 吸引；C. entertaining 娱乐；
D. confusing 使迷惑。我吹着哨子满屋走，自然是打扰了全家人，故选 A。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉我的兄弟姐妹和堂兄弟姐妹们我所做的交易时，他
们说我付出的是哨子价值的四倍。A. trouble 麻烦；B. attempt 试图；C. choice 选择；D. bargain
交易。上文说我用兜里所有的钱从那个陌生男孩手里换回了一个哨子，此处指的就是这个交
易，故选 D。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一想到这件事，我的烦恼比哨子给我的快乐还多。A. satisfaction
满意；B. relief 减轻；C. annoyance 恼火，烦恼；D. stress 压力。空前说他们让我想起用剩下
的钱可以买什么好东西，还嘲笑我的愚蠢，我气得哭了，因此此处是说这件事给我带来的烦
恼，故选 C。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，它对我来说是很有用的，因为这种印象一直萦绕在我
的脑海中，所以当我想买一些我不需要的东西时，我常常对自己说，“不要为哨子付出太多”，
这样我就省下了钱。A. Moreover 此外；B. Therefore 因此；C. However 然而；D. Indeed 的确。
上文说这件事给我带来了烦恼，下文又说它对我来说是有用的，上下文是转折关系，故选 C。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. tempted 引诱，迷惑；B. determined 决心；C. forced
强迫；D. persuaded 劝服。上文说我经不住哨声的诱惑，用兜里所有的钱换回了那个口哨子，
此处说的是这件事给我的教训——当我想买一些我不需要的东西时，我提醒自己“不要为哨
子付出太多”，be tempted to do 表示“受诱惑做某事、忍不住做某事”，故选 A。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着我渐渐长大，步入社会，观察人们的行为，我想我遇到
了许许多多为哨子付出太多的人。A. took 拿走；B. observed 观察；C. admired 钦佩；D. followed
跟随。根据空后的“the actions of men, I thought I met with many, very many, who “gave too
much for the whistle”可知，通过观察人们的行为，我发现生活中有很多像儿时的我一样为哨
子付出太多的人，故选 B。
28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果我认识一个守财奴，他为了敛财和守住财富，放弃了一
切安逸的生活，放弃了一切行善的乐趣，放弃了所有同胞的尊敬，放弃了友谊的欢乐，我说：
“可怜的人，你为你的哨子付出了太多的代价。”A. turned against 背叛；B. gave up 放弃；C.
cared about 关心；D. relied on 依靠。空后的“every kind of comfortable living, all the pleasure of
doing good to others, all the esteem of his fellow citizens and the joys of friendship”是守财奴为
了敛财和守住财富而放弃的东西，故选 B。
29．考查介词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. in case of 万一；B. instead of 而不是；C. for the sake
of 为了；D. in terms of 依照。根据空后的“gathering and keeping wealth”可知，守财奴放弃一
切美好的东西只是为了敛财和守住他的财富，故选 C。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我遇到一个浪荡子，他既不努力提高自己的才智，也不努
力增加自己的财富，而只是一味寻欢作乐，甚至糟蹋自己的健康，我说“错了，你给自己带
来的是痛苦，而不是快乐；你为你的哨子付出的代价太大了”。A. merely 仅仅、只是；B.
similarly 相似地；C. strangely 奇怪地；D. positively 积极地。根据空前的“did not try to improve
his mind or his fortune ”可知，浪荡子只是一味地寻欢作乐，故选 A。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. inconvenience 不便；B. burden 负担；C. frustration
挫折；D. pain 痛苦。根据空后的“instead of pleasure”可知与“快乐”相对的自然是“痛苦”，故
选 D。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我看到一个喜欢外表的人，他有漂亮的衣服、漂亮的房
子、漂亮的家具、漂亮的耳环，这些都超过了他的财富，他因此负债累累，最后在监狱里结
束了他的余生，唉我说，唉，他为他的哨子付出了很大的代价。A. appearance 外表；B. wealth
财富；C. comforts 安慰；D. necessities 必需。根据空后提到的漂亮的衣服、漂亮的房子、漂
亮的家居和漂亮的耳环可知此处指“外表”，故选 A。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. demand 要求；B. fortune 财富；C. standard 标准；
D. value 价值。空后说他为此负债累累，这说明这些华丽的外表超出了他的财富，故选 B。
34．考查介词短语辨析。句意：简而言之，人类的不幸在很大程度上是由于他们对事物价值
的错误认识——为他们的哨子付出了太多。A. As a result 结果；B. By contrast 相比之下；C.
On average 平均；D. In short 简而言之。空后的“the miseries of mankind are largely due to their
puffing a(n) ___35___ value on things --- to giving “too much for their whistle.””是对上文的总
结，用 in short 引出，故选 D。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. unexpected 出乎意料的；B. great 伟大的；C. false
错误的；D. extra 额外的。上文提到的这几类人对事物价值的认识是错误的，故选 C。
第二节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists have exposed that around two-fifths of the world’s plants are at risk of extinction. A
top botanist, Professor Alexandre Antonelli, said, “We are living in36．age of extinction.”
It's a very37． (worry) picture of risk and urgent need for action. We’re losing the race
against time as species are disappearing faster38．we can find and name them. Many of them could
hold important clues for solving some of the most pressing39． (challenge) of medicine and even
perhaps of the emerging and current pandemics we are seeing today.”
There40． (be) positive signs in the past few years. More than 4, 000 species of plants and
fungi (菌类) 41． (discover) in 2019, among which are potential future foods that could be a
lifeline to millions of people on Earth suffering from42． (poor) and food insecurity. Professor
Antonelli stressed43．(firm) the importance of protecting these and all plant life on Earth. He said,
“We would not be able44． (survive) without plants and fungi — all life depends on them. Every
time we lose a species, we lose an opportunity 45．humankind.” Leading scientists will demand
that the world leaders act against biodiversity loss.
【答案】
36．an
37．worrying
38．than
39．challenges
40．have been
41．were discovered
42．poverty
43．firmly
44．to survive
45．for
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家们透露，世界上大约五分之二的植物正面
临灭绝的危险，介绍了物种消失的速度比我们发现和命名它们的速度还快，以及相关人员对
于保护地球上植物的看法。
36．考查冠词。句意：我们生活在一个灭绝的时代。结合句意表示“一个……的时代”短语为
an age of。故填 an。
37．考查形容词。句意：这是一幅非常令人担忧的风险景象，迫切需要采取行动。修饰后文
名词 picture，应用-ing 结尾形容词 worrying，作定语。故填 worrying。
38．考查连词。句意：我们正在与时间赛跑，因为物种消失的速度比我们发现和命名它们的
速度还快。根据上文比较级 faster 以及句意“比……”，应填连词 than。故填 than。
39．考查名词的数。句意：其中许多可能为解决一些最紧迫的医学挑战，甚至可能是我们今
天看到的新出现的和当前的流行病提供重要线索。challenge 为可数名词，由 some of 修饰，
应用复数形式。故填 challenges。
40．考查动词时态语态。句意：过去几年出现了积极的迹象。 根据后文“in the past few years”
可知应用现在完成时，there be 句型中主语为 signs，助动词用 have。故填 have been。
41．考查动词时态语态。句意：2019 年发现了 4000 多种植物和真菌，这些潜在的未来食物
可能成为地球上饱受贫困和粮食不安全之苦的数百万人的生命线。根据后文“in 2019”可知，
应用一般过去时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为 More
than 4, 000 species of plants and fungi，谓语用复数。故填 were discovered。
42．考查名词。句意：2019 年发现了 4000 多种植物和真菌，这些潜在的未来食物可能成为
地球上饱受贫困和粮食不安全之苦的数百万人的生命线。空处作宾语，表示“贫困”应填名词
poverty，表抽象概念不可数。故填 poverty。
43．考查副词。句意：Antonelli 教授坚定地强调了保护这些植物和地球上所有植物的重要性。
修饰动词 stress 应用副词 firmly，作状语。故填 firmly。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果没有植物和真菌，我们将不能生存——所有的生命都依赖
它们。结合句意表示“能够做某事”可知短语为 be able to do sth.。故填 to survive。
45．考查介词。句意：每当我们失去一个物种，我们就会为人类失去一个机会。后文名词
humankind 作宾语，表示“为……”应用介词 for。故填 for。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分 15 分)
在中国青年志愿者服务日，你校学生会向市民宣传垃圾分类，并现场进行垃圾分类实践
活动。假如，你是你校英语报的记者，请写则新闻报道，内容包括：
1.时间、人员、地点、活动；
2.市民反响；
3.简短评论。
注意：
1. 词数 80 字左右；
2.可适当添加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.参考词汇：中国青年志愿者服务日 China Youth Volunteer Service Day。
An Activity to Advocate Garbage Sorting
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
____________________
【答案】possible version:
An Activity to Advocate Garbage Sorting
On China Youth Volunteer Service Day, the Student Union organized an activity to advocate
garbage sorting.
Over 50 participants got involved in it. Walking down the street, we carried out the practice
of garbage sorting and popularized the relevant knowledge to the public. Many citizens said they
would actively do as they had been told to.
With our efforts, this event turned out a great success. We realized that all of us can make a
contribution to our society.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给写一则新闻报道，报道关于学校学生会向市
民宣传垃圾分类，并现场进行垃圾分类实践的活动。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
组织：hold→ organize
参与：take part in→ get involved in
实施：put into practice→ carry out the practice
有助于：contribute to→ make a contribution to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Over 50 participants got involved in it.
拓展句：There were more than 50 participants getting involved in it.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Many citizens said they would actively do as they had been told to.（运用了省略that
引导的宾语从句作 said 的宾语，和由 as 引导的状语从句）
[高分句型 2] We realized that all of us can make a contribution to our society.（运用了 that 引导
的宾语从句作 realized 的宾语）
第二节(满分 25 分)
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Aram and Rossi’s Bakery
Walking along the narrow brick sidewalk, Aram took a deep breath. The air smelled of
lemons and baked bread and coffee, coming from Rossi’s Italian Bakery. He was almost there.
Aram still couldn’t believe his luck. All his friends were working boring summer
jobs—waiting tables and babysitting. And here he was, about to start as an actual baker’s assistant,
doing what he loved. It was all thanks to his Aunt Rita. She knew Mrs Rossi and had arranged
everything. It was the perfect experience for his future career. Rossi’s Bakery, he was sure, would
one day be known as the place where he got his start.
Ah, here he was—the bakery. A faded wooden sign over the door read “Rossi’s Bakery.”
Aram straightened his shoulders and entered. Mrs Rossi was sitting at the counter, looking old and
wise. Aram greeted her and stuck out his hand. Mrs Rossi looked at it for a second before turning
around and waving him inside. “I’m ready to learn everything,” Aram said.
“Great. Let’s start with the cash register,” Mrs Rossi said, “because that’s what you’ll be
doing.” She showed him how to use the cash register. It wasn’t hard. The pastry trays were all
marked by price, and there weren’t that many choices anyway. “That’s it?” Aram said, his heart
sinking. “But when do we bake?”
“Bake? I order wholesale now. No more baking. I’m too old.” Then Mrs Rossi silently held
up her hands. Aram took in her knotted, swollen fingers, and he understood. A wave of
disappointment struck him. Sadness overwhelmed him so suddenly that he couldn’t think of a
word to say.
He sighed, and Mrs Rossi sighed, too. “I used to bake it all. Bread and cakes. And no one did
it better than me. But that was when these things worked,” said Mrs Rossi holding up her hands
once more and glancing across the shelves filled with empty bottles labelled with names of the
various ingredients (配料) she once used. Suddenly she came alive, waving her arthritic (关节炎
的) hands. “People used to line up around the corner. Everyone wanted my baked bread.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then a thought occurred to Aram that he could ask Mrs Rossi to teach him.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________
Mrs Rossi finally said, “Let’s buy the ingredients first.”
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________
【答案】Then a thought occurred to Aram that he could ask Mrs Rossi to teach him. But he was
not sure whether Mrs Rossi liked the idea or not. Thinking that if he didn't put it forward, he
would be dealing with the boring cash register for the whole summer, Aram hesitated no more.
“Mrs Rossi, I'm wondering if I could have the privilege to be your apprentice.” Mrs Rossi looked
at him and then his hands. Aram continued. “I was fascinated by the pure magic with which you
mixed those ingredients and turned them into pieces of art. Would you teach me to be your
magical hands?” Aram’s eyes glittered with passion.
Mrs Rossi finally said, “Let’s buy the ingredients first.” On hearing this, Aram felt over the
moon. Delightedly, they shut the door and headed for the supermarket. Two hours later those
empty bottles were full again. With the long options ingredients inside, Mrs Rossi seemed as
overjoyed and hopeful as Aram. At the end of the summer, neighbors were seen lining up round
the corner outside the Rossi’s. Two years later, a new wooden sign was hung over the door,
reading “Aram and Rossi’s Bakery”.
【分析】本文是记叙文。文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了 Mrs Rossi 因年岁已高，无法打理
自己的面包店，但打暑期工的 Aram 诚心拜师学艺，并与 Rossi 一起成功拯救面包店的故事。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Aram 突然想到，他可以请罗西太太来教他。”可知，第一段可描写 Aram
如何说出他的想法并成功打动 Mrs Rossi 的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“Mrs Rossi 最后说:“我们先去买食材吧。”可知，第二段可描写 Mrs Rossi
同意 Aram 的请求后他们做的事情。
2.续写线索：Aram 有了主意——Aram 决定拜师——陈述原因——得到认可——一起购买佐
料——取得成功
3.词汇激
行为类
①.继续：continue /go on
②.发光：glitter /shine/flash
情绪类
①.着迷：fascinated /amazed
②.喜悦：delightedly / joyfully /happily
【点睛】
[高分句型 1]. Thinking that if he didn't put it forward, he would be dealing with the boring cash
register for the whole summer, Aram hesitated no more. （现在分词短语作原因状语, that 引导
的宾语从句和 if 引导的条件状语从句）
[高分句型 2]. I was fascinated by the pure magic with which you mixed those ingredients and
turned them into pieces of art. （which 引导定语从句）
[高分句型 3]. With the long options ingredients inside, Mrs Rossi seemed as overjoyed and
hopeful as Aram.（with 复合结构作原因状语）
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