2020-2021学年高二英语下学期期末测试卷 01（牛津译林）解析版

2020-2021 学年高二英语下学期期末测试卷 01（牛津译林）解析版 考试时间 ：120 分钟 满分 ：150 分 第一部分 听力（共两节 满分 30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在 试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读 一遍。 1．How does the man avoid getting sick? A．He buys many ordinary masks. B．He goes everywhere on foot. C．He takes public transportation. 【答案】B 【原文】 W: A lot of people are worried about the sickness spreading all over the country. That’s why I bought masks. M: That’s smart. But I think only special masks help against sickness. Instead of taking public transportation, I have been walking everywhere to make sure I don’t get sick. 2．How did the man get the tickets? A．In person. B．By post. C．By email. 【答案】C 【原文】 W: When will the concert tickets arrive? M: I have had them now. They’re here. W: I’ve never known the post to be that quick. Were they emailed? M: Of course. Did you think they’d be delivered in person? 3． What does the woman think of the new manager? A．He is nice. B．He talks little. C．He has a lot to learn. 【答案】B 【原文】 W: Have you seen the new manager? He doesn’t talk much. I don’t know how he got this job. M: Give him a chance. He’s got a lot to learn, but he seems nice. 4．What is the woman about to do? A．Move house. B．Rent a house. C．Build a house. 【答案】A 【原文】 W: I’ll miss this place. It holds many memories. Buying it was difficult, but we didn’t want to rent a house at that time. M: You were wise. Look at the profit you made. And now you have a new house to look forward to. 5．Where does the woman come from? A．Holland. B．Germany. C．The UK. 【答案】C 【原文】 W: That man keeps looking at me. Is my hair strange? I just had it cut in Germany last week. M: They don’t see many English people here in Holland. W: But how would he know? We’re not different from people here. 第二节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳 选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后， 各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6．What is the man? A．A reporter. B．A director. C．A policeman. 7．What are the speakers probably looking at? A．An old cat. B．A horrible dog. C．A small tiger. 【答案】CA 【原文】 W: Officer, I promise I’ve never seen anything like it in the past 20 years here. M: I’ve been with the police for 30 years, and I don’t think I have, either. W: What do you think it could be? M: It looks like a creature from a horror film. W: I heard it last night. It must have been trapped down there for days. M: It could be a dog or a small tiger. W: I think it looks more like an old cat. I had one for 10 years. This is just bigger. M: I think you are right. We’ll need to get it out first. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8．Which ship is the farthest from the speakers? A．The oil ship. B．The container ship. C．The passenger ship. 9．Where does the conversation take place? A．On a hill. B．In a port. C．On a beach. 【答案】AC 【原文】 W: Look out there. How many ships can you see? M: I can see a passenger ship, and over there is a container ship. W: Just look as far as you can see in that direction. What is there? M: Oh yes, I can just see it—an oil ship. W: This beach isn’t really the best place for seeing ships. I like to go to the port and see them up close. M: When I was little, I used to stand on the hill with my brother. We got a good view from there. W: I wonder where they are all sailing. It must be interesting to be on one of them. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．What to do on the train. B．How to go back home. C．When to get on the bus. 11．Whose birthday is it today? A．The man’s. B．The woman’s. C．The man’s daughter’s. 12．When is the second bus leaving? A．In 20 minutes. B．In 30 minutes. C．In 60 minutes. 【答案】BCB 【原文】 W: Due to the repair work of the railway, some trains have stopped running. M: I need to get a train home. It’s my daughter’s birthday party this evening. W: We’ll try our best to get you home, sir, but there are no trains going north. M: Then how will I get home? W: There are buses in place of the trains. M: Can I use my train ticket on buses? W: Yes, sir. You’ll be able to use it on the bus. Just show it to the driver. M: Well, that’s good. When is the bus leaving? W: The first one will be leaving in 20 minutes, but it may be full. There will be another one 10 minutes after that. M: Oh, I’m afraid I’ll be at least an hour late. How terrible! 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13．What color of jacket does the old woman wear? A．Green. B．Blue. C．Red. 14．Why did the man leave home this morning? A．To buy a gift. B．To go to work. C．To get some food. 15．What did the old woman purchase? A．A hat. B．A T-shirt. C．A pair of jeans. 16．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Family members. B．Co-workers. C．Strangers. 【答案】ABAC 【原文】 M: Excuse me. Have you seen an old woman come into your store in the last hour? W: We’ve had several customers. What did she look like? M: She’s my grandmother. She’s about 6 feet tall. She has a green jacket and blue jeans. W: Yes, I think she was in here. She was looking at the T-shirts. She said she wanted a red one as a present. M: She’s not supposed to leave the house, but I had to go to work this morning because a colleague needed my help. W: She bought a hat, so she might be wearing it. It was a blue one. M: Did she say where she was going? W: No, she just said that she was hungry. There is a small restaurant down the stairs. Maybe you can try there. M: That is very helpful, thank you. If you see her, could you give me a call? Here’s my number. W: Certainly. I’ll let the security staff of the shopping center know as well. I hope you can find her. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．When does the summer holiday start? A．Tomorrow. B．Next week. C．Next month. 18．How long will the library be open during the summer holiday? A．For 4 hours. B．For 8 hours. C．For 10 hours. 19．How should the students return books during the summer holiday? A．Put them carefully into the drop box anytime. B．Give back the easily broken ones to the librarian. C．Leave them into different drop boxes according to the type. 20．What special activity will be held over the summer holiday? A．A reading club. B．A lecture about artworks. C．A visit from a former student. 【答案】BAAC 【原文】 Next week is the start of the summer holiday, and some of you may be going away tomorrow. Those who are still here are able to use the school library over the next two months. At the moment, the library is open during school hours from 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m., but the hours will be reduced during the summer holiday. It will only be open from 9:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. However, there will be a drop box, so you can return books at any time—day or night. Just be careful when you are putting the books back as some of them are easily broken. The drop box is very big, so you don’t have to worry about it being filled. The library will also be hosting a series of activities over the summer holiday, including a day of artworks exhibition. The reading club will still be held on Wednesdays, but it will start at 10:00 a.m. instead of 2:00 p.m. as normal. We will also have a special guest visiting the library, a former student who is now a published author. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节 满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题，每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Cape Hatteras National Seashore Lying on North Carolina's Outer Banks, the Cape Hatteras Seashore is an amazing destination for recreating, relaxing and more. There are many beautiful beaches in the seashore for the whole family to explore and enjoy. Visitors can spend vacation time for shells, birding, hiking and so on. The outer banks are also an excellent spot to go windsurfing especially on Hatteras Island. In addition, Cape Hatteras National Seashore also has three historic lighthouses and Cape Hatteras Lighthouse is open for visitors. Pribilof Island, Alaska For those looking to see some northern species of birds, these Alaska islands are a great choice. Lying in the Bering Sea, these islands are home to many fascinating species of birds. Visitors will enjoy hiking on the islands trails while also enjoying the relative remoteness of the place. Birders should be sure to keep an eye out for Horned Puffins and many more species. Dry Tortugas National park, FL Lying 70 miles west of Key West, this cluster（群）of seven islands is a great destination to enjoy some of Florida's nature. The islands consist of coral reefs and sand, and they are famous for their bird and marine life. Visitors can also enjoy Fort Jefferson, which is the largest 19h century American coastal fort（要塞）. Wine Country Vacation Escapes Throughout the United States there are many destinations to enjoy the fantastic wines produced in the country. Some regions like Napa Valley have already gained a reputation for their fantastic wines, however, there are many regions that offer fantastic wines and a beautiful vacation destination. 21．What is special about Cape Hatteras National Seashore? A．Visitors can stay there for free. B．Shooting birds is forbidden. C．Visitors can visit a lighthouse. D．Visitors can enjoy its remoteness. 22．What is Horned Puffin? A．The name of a fort, B．The name of an island. C．The name of marine life. D．The name of a bird. 23．Which camp is suitable for wine lover? A．Cape Hatters National Seashore. B．Pribilof Island, Alaska. C．Dry Tortugas National park, FL. D．Wine Country Vacation Escapes. 【答案】CDD 【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几个度假的好地方。 21．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In addition, Cape Hatteras National Seashore also has three historic lighthouses and Cape Hatteras Lighthouse is open for visitors.”可知，哈特拉斯角国家海岸还有三个具有历史意义的灯塔， 哈特拉斯角灯塔对游客开放，由此可知，它的特别之处是游客可以参观灯塔，故 C 项正确。 22．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For those looking to see some northern species of birds, these Alaska islands are a great choice.”可知，于那些想看到一些北方鸟类的人来说，普里比洛夫岛是个不错的选择，再根据 “Birders should be sure to keep an eye out for Horned Puffins and many more species.”可知，观鸟者一定要留意 Horned Puffins 和其他种类的鸟，由此可知，Horned Puffins 应该是一种鸟，故 D 项正确。 23．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“there are many regions that offer fantastic wines and a beautiful vacation destination.”可知有很多地方提供美味的酒和美丽的度假目的地，葡萄酒之乡度假胜地适合喜欢喝葡萄酒的 人，故 D 项正确。 B Since the sex of a sea turtle(海龟)is determined by the heat of sand hatching the eggs, scientists had suspected they might see slightly more females. Climate change, after all, has driven sea temperatures higher, which, in these creatures, favors female children. They found female sea turtles from Raine Island, the Pacific Ocean's largest and most important green sea turtle living area, now outnumber males by at least 116 to 1. "This is extreme," says turtle scientist Camryn Allen. Biologist Michael Jensen wanted to know if climate change had already changed turtles' sexes. By using genetic(基因的) tests, he'd figured out that he could follow turtles of all ages. Still, his research data would lack an important detail: sex. Only after a turtle matures is it possible to tell its sex from the outside -- mature males have slightly longer tails. By then turtles can be decades old, so scientists often use Iaparoscopy(腹腔镜检查)，sending a thin tube into each animal, but that's not so practical if you're hoping to examine hundreds of creatures. Fortunately, at a turtle conference, he met Allen, and all she needed was a little blood. They compared their results with temperature data for nesting beaches. What worries them is that Raine Island has been producing almost female turtles for at least 20 years. This is no small thing. More than 200,000 turtles come to nest there. During high season, 18,000 turtles may settle in at once. "But what happens in 20 years when there are no more males coming up as adults? Are there enough to maintain the population?" says Allen. They also found cooler beaches in the south are still producing males, but that in the north, it's almost entirely females hatching. These findings clearly point to the fact that climate change is changing many aspects of wildlife biology. But how widespread is this phenomenon -- and what is the consequence? 24．How might the scientists feel if there were slightly more female turtles? A．It's normal. B．It's unique. C．It's extreme. D．It's doubtful. 25．What is a scientist's conventional way to identify a turtle's sex? A．Testing its blood. B．Doing genetic tests. C．Using laparoscopy. D．Watching its tail. 26．Why do the findings worry Jensen and Allen? A．Too many females gather near Raine Island. B．Sea turtles may end up dying out. C．Turtle populations are in decline. D．Female turtles cause temperatures to rise. 27．What does the last paragraph imply? A．People should stop the phenomenon. B．People have to test the consequence. C．Climate change has changed sea turtles' sexes. D．More work needs doing about the phenomenon. 【答案】ACBD 【分析】本文是一篇环保类文章，气候变化温度不断上升导致海龟性别大大失调，雄性大量减少，我们要 引起重视，采取措施补救。 24．推理判断题。根据第一段 They found female sea turtles from Raine Island, now outnumber males by at least 116 to 1. "This is extreme,"可知当科学家们看到 Raine 岛上雌性海龟和雄性海龟比例是 116:1 时，感到太极端 了。由此推知如果雌性海龟数量稍微多点时会感到比较正常。故选 A. 25．细节理解题。根据第二段中 By then turtles can be decades old, so scientists often use Iaparoscopy (腹腔镜检 查)，sending a thin tube into each animal,可知传统检测海龟性别的方法是用腹腔镜检查，故选 C. 26．推理判断题。根据第三段"But what happens in 20 years when there are no more males coming up as adults? Are there enough to maintain the population?" says Allen.可知 Jensen and Allen 根据雌性海龟太多的现状，担心 20 年后如果没有成年雄性海龟会发生什么，担心海龟会灭绝。故选 B. 27．推理判断题。最后一段 But how widespread is this phenomenon -- and what is the consequence?给我们提出 了问题，这种现象蔓延的后果是什么。这表明针对这种情况，我们要引起重视，对这种现象需要做更多的 工作来挽救。故选 D. C One of the most important things that has happened to me occurred long before I was aware of it. As the story goes, I was three days old and Mom was singing “The Name Game” song to me: “Christine Bo-Bean-Banana-Fanna-Fo-Feen.” By day four, I was given a new name ---- Christine-Bo-Bean, or just Bo-Bee to my mother. Now, I am Bo to her and close friends. Why is this nickname（昵称）so important to me? I once read a book with a passage about True Names which explains that when a person’s true name is spoken, she has a distinct aura（光环）around her. Although I have been Bo to my mother all my life, I recently discovered that my true name is not on my birth certificate; it’s the name that is as unique and memorable as I am. People usually know me as Christine. They still see me as a quiet, bookish child. They don’t know who I am now. My most recent hopes, fears, goals, dreams and opinions escape their notice; it is easier to think of me as I was. In their minds, they have a box labeled “Christine” in which I fit neatly, and as Christine, I was content with the perfect packaging. Those who call me Bo or Bo-Bee really know me. They remember who I was and realize I have changed. Bo is a tight squeeze in the old “Christine” boxes. The Bo I am is ever-changing, ever-growing and ever-learning. When I was Christine, I was quiet, and easily scared. I feared groups, meeting new people and sharing my opinions. I was more comfortable with a book than my best friend. As Christine, I thought everyone was better than I was. As Bo, I still love my books, but I want to discuss them. As Bo, my dream is to live where I can experience new things and meet new people. I dream about being alone on a stage lit by a single spotlight; I have that confidence now. I am equal to those I once saw as better than me. A name shouldn’t make such a difference, but sometimes, when a person finds his or her True Name, they develop a new shine visible to friends, family and especially themselves. I can’t always be Bo. Sometimes exposing myself is still scary and I feel too nervous; I want to hide in those old boxes. Mostly, however, I am ready for the world. So, just call me Bo. 28．When was the author given a nickname? A．When her Mom sang the song. B．On the fourth day after she was born. C．Seven days after she was born. D．When she received the old “Christine” box. 29．What does the underlined sentence imply do the people know about the author as Christine? A．The author has to live in the old boxes. B．The old boxes are not fit for the author any longer. C．They don’t know the author has changed her name. D．People usually know the author as Christine but she has changed. 30．What kind of person was the author in the past? A．She lacked confidence and preferred to be alone. B．She took pleasure in finding new things. C．She loved reading and sharing books with friends. D．She showed no interest in reading. 31．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．A Unique Name B．My True Name C．Learning from Names D．Meaning of Nicknames 【答案】BDAB 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者介绍了自己的昵称及其背后含的深意。 28．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“As the story goes, I was three days old and Mom was singing “The Name Game” song to me: “Christine Bo-Bean-Banana-Fanna-Fo-Feen.” By day four, I was given a new name ---- Christine-Bo-Bean, or just Bo-Bee to my mother.( 故事是这样的:我出生才三天，妈妈就唱着“名字游戏”的歌给 我听：“Christine Bo-Bean-Banana-Fanna-Fo-Feen.。”“到了第四天，我有了一个新名字——Christine-Bo-Bean， 或者妈妈叫我 Bo-Bee。)” 可知，作者出生后四天大得到了昵称。故选 B。 29．句意猜测题。结合文章第三段“They still see me as a quiet, bookish child. They don't know who I am now. My most recent hopes, fears, goals, dreams and opinions escape their notice: it is easier to think of me as I was"(他们仍 然把我看作一个安静的书呆子。他们不知道我现在是谁。我最近的希望、恐惧、目标、梦想和观点都没有 引起他们的注意；更容易把我想象成原来的我。)和第四段划线句前句“Those who call me Bo or Bo-Bee really know me. They remember who I was and realize I have changed. (那些叫我 Bo 或 Bo- bee 的人真的很了解我。 他们记得我是谁，意识到我已经改变了。)”可猜测此句意思为：那些叫作者 Christine 的人通常认为作者还 是原来的那个 Christine，他们并没有意识到作者的改变。故选 D。 30．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Bo is a tight squeeze in the old" Christine" boxes."(Bo 是个挤在旧“Christine” 盒子里的人。) ”可知，作者的过去指的是 Christine；再有第五段“When I was Christine, I was quiet, and easily scared feared groups, meeting new people and sharing my opinions. I was more comfortable with a book than my best friend. As Christine, I thought everyone was better than I was.(当我还是 Christine 的时候，我很安静，很容 易害怕。我害怕团体，害怕结识新朋友，害怕分享自己的观点。与其和好朋友待在起，我更喜欢和书相处， 这样更舒服。作为 Christine，我觉得每个人都比我好。)可推断，作者过去缺乏信心、宁原独处。故选 A。 31．主旨大意题。文章第一段讲昵称 Christine-Bo-Bean 的由来，第二段讲昵称 Bo 的重要性，第三段讲本 名 Christine 的自己在大家眼中是什么样的，第四到五段讲作者成为“Christine”和“Bo”的不同之处，第六到 八段讲自己更喜欢 Bo 的身份，所以文章讲的是 Bo 这个真正的名字。所以“My True Name”作为文章的标题 最为合适。故选 B。 D Almost every community has some form of rules and some way of enforcing them. So why do we have rules, and what makes people follow them? Studies have suggested that the reason we don’t like rule-breaking is because fairness is programmed into our brains. Scientists have found that the brain reacts in a particular way when we feel we are being treated unfairly. A fair situation makes us feel comfortable and even happy, but unfairness causes our brains to respond with negative feelings. The study found that this so happened when subjects saw others being treated unfairly. They concluded that fairness is one of basic human needs. Arriving at a feeling of fairness means considering different, often conflicting, points of view. Regardless of the disagreement, people almost always need to compromise. But it can be difficult to arrive at a compromise when there are conflicting interests. This is why communities have rules that everyone must follow. Social controls are an important factor in setting and following rules. They influence the way we behave, and can be internal (内在的) or external. Internal controls come from within and are based on our values and fears. Most of us don’t steal, for example, because we believe that theft is unfair and wrong. We don’t want to disappoint our family and friends, either. In other words, our internal controls keep us from behaving in ways that cause conflict. External controls include rewards and punishments. Rewards, such as job promotions and praise, are designed to encourage people to behave and act in the interest of the whole community. Punishments, such as public embarrassment, fines, and even imprisonment can prevent people from acting against the community’s best interests. People need their communities to function smoothly. If there were no rules, most people would probably still behave positively. However, there would always be a minority who would not. This is why a society without rules is unlikely to exist. 32．What does the underlined word ‘‘this’’ in paragraph 2 refer to? A．A program in human brains. B．A comfortable situation. C．The response with bad feelings. D．The requirement off fairness. 33．Why do communities have rules? A．To punish illegal activities. B．To prevent disagreement. C．To promote fairness. D．To meet various demands. 34．Which of the following is an example of internal control? A．Take exams honestly because cheating is shameful B．Park in the right place so as not to get a parking ticket. C．Pay the electricity bill on time in order not to get a late fee. D．Cooperate with your classmates to win a prize for your class. 35．What is the best title for this passage? A．Living by the rules B．Following rules with punishments C．Reaching a compromise D．Calling for fairness 【答案】CCAA 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲了在一个团体中设置规则的必要性以及如何让人们遵守规则，因为规 则可以让团体正常运转，同时可以促成相对公平的环境，没有规则的社会不太可能存在。 32．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句的上一句“but unfairness causes our brains to respond with negative feelings. 但是不公平会导致我们的大脑产生负面情绪。”及划线词所在句中的“being treated unfairly 受到不公平的待遇” 可知此处的 this 指不公平会导致我们大脑产生负面情绪。故选 C。 33．细节理解题。根据第三段“Arriving at a feeling of fairness means considering different, ……But it can be difficult to arrive at a compromise when there are conflicting interests. This is why communities have rules that everyone must follow. 获得公平感意味着考虑不同的情况，……但当存在利益冲突时，很难达成妥协。这就 是为什么团体有每个人都必须遵守的规则。”可知在团体中设置规则是为了避免利益冲突，达成妥协，从而 促进相对的公平，故选 C。 34．细节理解题。根据第四段“Internal controls come from within and are based on our values and fears. Most of us don’t steal, for example, because we believe that theft is unfair and wrong.自我控制来自内心，基于我们的价值观 和恐惧。比如我们大多数人不偷东西，因为我们相信偷窃是不公平的，是错误的。”可知自我控制是由我们 本身的价值观和认知来决定的，结合选项可知 A 选项 Take exams honestly because cheating is shameful（诚实 地考试，因为作弊是可耻的）所说的诚实考试是由我们正确的的价值观所决定的，属于自我控制的范畴。 故选 A。 35．主旨大意题。文章主要围绕第一段的“why do we have rules, and what makes people follow them? 为什么 我们有规则，是什么让人们遵守这些规则？”的着两个问题来展开，主要讲了在一个团体中设置规则的必要 性以及如何让人们遵守规则，再结合最后一段的点题句“This is why a society without rules is unlikely to exist. 这就是没有规则的社会不太可能存在的原因。”可知 A 选项 Living by the rules（依规而生）概括较为全面、 准确。故选 A。 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 36．? Some students might need a while to recall. But for students in Yangzhou University it is easy to remember as they need to run in the morning at least 45 times every year during their two terms. Nowadays a great number of colleges are seeing a change in the students’ lifestyle from outdoor enthusiasts （热衷者）to indoor couch potatoes and Internet addicts. 37． . So this method can force them to exercise and keep themselves in good shape. New technologies, such as the Internet, offer students many alternatives（供替代的选择）in their spare time. In the past two years, 38． . “I don’t think there is anything wrong with sleeping late in the morning and wanting to stay in the dormitory in my spare time. I have more fun doing things on my computer than playing on the sports ground in wet clothes,” said Zhang. In Zhang’s opinion, 39． . “Every time I come back from student activities I feel completely exhausted（筋疲力尽）from forced socializing,” said Zhang. The Internet and various on-campus services, from food delivery to laundry, are fuelling a student culture of staying in dormitories. A student can have every need met without leaving the dormitory. “I feel more comfortable in the dorm. I can sit back and watch a movie without caring about anything,” said Cheng Jie, 21, a student at the Southeast University in Nanjing. But Jin Yinghua, a professor at Beijing Sports University, said that sports are not only for keeping fit, but also an irreplaceable（不能替代的）“education” for students. “ 40．.” said Jin. “In sports, people try to win. But losing is just as good because you must learn to deal with defeat, which is another important lesson for young people nowadays.” A．it is really boring to stay in the dormitory playing on a computer B．Sports are not only a way for students to train their bodies, but also an important way to learn responsibility, teamwork and devotion C．When did you last go outside for sports D．Zhang Yi, a student of Yangzhou University, has never been outside for sports E．sports and even socializing are not better than playing on a computer F．Students do not like doing exercise and they consider it boring G．Why not do some sports every day 【答案】CFDEB 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要叙述大学生把很多的业余时间用在上网打游戏。很少参加体育运动， 文章引用了两个学生和一位教授的话来说明这个问题。 36．根据后句“Some students might need a while to recall.”有些学生可能需要一段时间来回忆。可知设空处是 提问了一个问题。故 C 项：“When did you last go outside for sports？”你上次外出运动是什么时候？合乎题意。 故选 C 项。 37．根据上句“Nowadays a great number of colleges are seeing a change in the students lifestyle from outdoor enthusiasts(热衷者)to indoor couch potatoes and Internet addicts.”如今，许多大学的学生生活方式正在发生变化， 从户外运动爱好者变成了室内沙发土豆和网虫。F 项：“Students do not like doing exercise and they consider it boring” 学生们不喜欢锻炼，他们认为锻炼很无聊。F 项说明学生这样做的原因。故选 F 项。 38．根据后句“ I don’t think there is anything wrong with sleeping late in the morning and wanting to stay in the dormitory in my spare time. I have more fun doing things on my computer than playing on the sports ground in wet clothes, said Zhang.”我不认为早上睡懒觉和业余时间待在宿舍有什么错。比起湿着衣服在操场上玩，我在电 脑上做事情更有趣，张说。后句内容介绍的是张学生的看法；设空处应介绍张的基本情况。故 D 项：Zhang Yi, a student of Yangzhou University, has never been outside for sports. 来自扬州大学的张毅从未参加过户外运 动。合乎题意。故选 D 项。 39．根据上句“ I don’t think there is anything wrong with sleeping late in the morning and wanting to stay in the dormitory in my spare time. I have more fun doing things on my computer than playing on the sports ground in wet clothes, said Zhang.”我不认为早上睡懒觉和业余时间待在宿舍有什么错。比起湿着衣服在操场上玩，我在电 脑上做事情更有趣，张说。说明张认为玩电脑比体育运动和社交活动更有乐趣，故 E 项：sports and even socializing are not better than playing on a computer 体育运动，甚至社交活动都不如玩电脑。故选 E 项。 40．根据上句“But Jin Yinghua, a professor at Beijing Sports University, said that sports are not only for keeping fit, but also an irreplaceable（不能替代的） “education” for students” 但北京体育大学教授金英华表示，体育不仅 是为了保持健康，对学生来说也是一种不可替代的教育；以及下句“ In sports, people try to win. But losing is just as good because you must learn to deal with defeat, which is another important lesson for young people nowadays.” 在体育运动中，人们都想赢。但是失败也一样好，因为你必须学会处理失败，这对现在的年轻 人来说是另一门重要的课。上下句都说明体育运动的好处。故 B 项：Sports are not only a way for students to train their bodies, but also an important way to learn responsibility, teamwork and devotion 体育运动不仅是学生 锻炼身体的一种方式，也是学习责任心、团队精神和奉献精神的重要方式，合乎题意。故选 B 项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节 满分 30 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I walked around to the side of a puddle along the path covered by water and mud. I was suddenly attacked! Yet I did 41 , for it was so unpredictable. I stepped back and my attacker 42 attacking me. Instead, he flied in the air with its graceful wings in front of me. If I had been hurt, I wouldn’t have found it amusing but I was unhurt, it was 43 and I was laughing. After all, I was being attacked by a butterfly! I took a step forward, and my attacker rushed me again. He pushed and 44 me in the chest with his head and body over and over again with all his might. It’s just not every day that one is 45 by a butterfly, so I stopped to find out the 46 . My attacker moved back as well to 47 on the ground. That’s when I discovered why my attacker was 48 me only moments earlier. His mate beside the puddle where he landed was dying. Sitting close beside her, he opened and closed his wings as if to fan her. I could only admire the love and courage of that butterfly in his 49 for his mate, even though she was 50 dying and obviously I was so large. He did so just to give her those extra few 51 moments of life. Now I knew why and what he was 52 . I couldn’t do anything other than reward him by changing my 53 to the more difficult side of the puddle. He had truly 54 those moments to be with her, undisturbed. I cleaned the mud from my boots and left. Since then, I’ve always tried to remember the courage of that butterfly 55 I see huge barriers facing me. I always use it as an inspiration to remind myself that good things are worth striving for. 41．A．nothing B．something C．everything D．anything 42．A．missed B．forgot C．stopped D．avoided 43．A．funny B．surprising C．shocking D．exciting 44．A．grasped B．hit C．took D．seized 45．A．admired B．alarmed C．attracted D．attacked 46．A．reason B．purpose C．origin D．direction 47．A．run B．lie C．stand D．land 48．A．guiding B．charging C．biting D．puzzling 49．A．curiosity B．anxiety C．concern D．return 50．A．doubtfully B．clearly C．eventually D．suddenly 51．A．previous B．precise C．precious D．preferable 52．A．fighting for B．looking for C．longing for D．providing for 53．A．goal B．way C．opinion D．attitude 54．A．enjoyed B．left C．earned D．remembered 55．A．whatever B．however C．whichever D．whenever 【答案】ACABD ADBCB CABCD 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在绕道时突然被一只蝴蝶攻击了，蝴蝶用尽全力攻击作者， 不让作者往前进一步，作者于是停下来查看原因，才发现是因为这只蝴蝶的伴侣在水坑边即将死去，蝴蝶 攻击作者只是为了给伴侣争取额外的一些时间。作者被他的勇气和爱所感动，于是改道走了更难走的路， 从那以后，每当作者面对巨大的障碍时，作者总是努力回忆那只蝴蝶的勇气，总是用它作为一种激励来提 醒自己，好的东西是值得争取的。 41．考查不定代词辨析。句意：但我什么也没做，因为它太不可预测了。A. nothing 没有什么；B. something 某事；C. everything 一切；D. anything 任何事。根据后文“for it was so unpredictable”可知因为“攻击者”行动 难以预测，所以作者什么都没做。故选 A。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向后退了一步，攻击者停止了对我的攻击。A. missed 错过；B. forgot 忘 记；C. stopped 停止；D. avoided 避免。根据后文“Instead, he flied in the air with its graceful wings in front of me.” 可知，作者后退一步之后，蝴蝶也不再攻击作者，而是飞到了半空，stop doing sth.“停止正在做的事”。故选 C。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我受伤了，我不会觉得这很有趣，但我没有受伤，这很有趣，我笑 了。A. funny 有趣的；B. surprising 意外的；C. shocking 令人震惊的；D. exciting 令人激动的。结合后文“I was laughing”可知作者觉得被一只蝴蝶攻击很有趣。故选 A。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用头和身体推我，撞我的胸口，一遍又一遍，用尽全力。A. grasped 抓牢； B. hit 碰撞，打击；C. took 带走；D. seized 抓住。根据上文“I was suddenly attacked!”可知指蝴蝶用头和身体 撞击作者的胸口，故选 B。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：被蝴蝶攻击的事可不是每天都有的，所以我停下来查看原因。A. admired 钦 佩；B. alarmed 报警；C. attracted 吸引；D. attacked 攻击。对应上文“I was being attacked by a butterfly”指被 蝴蝶攻击。故选 D。 46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：被蝴蝶攻击的事可不是每天都有的，所以我停下来查看原因。A. reason 理 由；B. purpose 目的；C. origin 起源；D. direction 方向。结合后文“That’s when I discovered why my attacker was” 指作者停下来查看蝴蝶攻击自己的原因，reason 符合语境。故选 A。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的攻击者也向后移动，降落在了地上。A. run 奔跑；B. lie 撒谎；C. stand 站立；D. land 降落，登陆。根据后文“on the ground”指蝴蝶降落在地面上。故选 D。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时我发现了袭击者片刻之前向我冲来的原因。A. guiding 指导；B. charging 要价，向……冲来；C. biting 咬；D. puzzling 使迷惑。根据上文“I took a step forward, and my attacker rushed me again.”可知作者一向前迈步，蝴蝶就向自己冲来，charge 此处表示“向……冲来”。故选 B。 49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只能钦佩那只蝴蝶在对他的伴侣的关心中表现出的爱和勇气，尽管她显 然即将死去，而我显然如此巨大。A. curiosity 好奇心；B. anxiety 焦虑；C. concern 关心；D. return 返回。结 合上文“Sitting close beside her, he opened and closed his wings as if to fan her.”可知，蝴蝶之所以攻击作者，是 不想作者向前走伤害自己的伴侣，而他紧挨着她，张开又合上翅膀，好像在给她扇风，这一系列举动都表 明蝴蝶关心他的伴侣。故选 C。 50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我只能钦佩那只蝴蝶在对他的伴侣的关心中表现出的爱和勇气，尽管她显 然即将死去，而我显然如此巨大。A. doubtfully 怀疑地；B. clearly 无疑地，清楚地；C. eventually 终于；D. suddenly 突然。结合上文“His mate beside the puddle where he landed was dying.”指那只攻击者蝴蝶的伴侣无 疑正在死去，clearly 符合语境。故选 B。 51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他这样做只是为了给她生命中额外争取一些宝贵时间。A. previous 以前的； B. precise 精确的；C. precious 宝贵的；D. preferable 更好的。根据前后文“He did so just to give her those extra few … moments of life”可知，蝴蝶的伴侣即将死去，因此他这么做是为了给伴侣再争取一些宝贵时间。故选 C。 52．考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在我明白他和我展开激战的原因了。A. fighting for 为……而战；B. looking for 寻找；C. longing for 渴望；D. providing for 提供。结合上文提到的蝴蝶主动攻击作者，其实是为了他的 伴侣，即作者明白了蝴蝶是在为什么而战，fight for 符合语境。故选 A。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了改道去更难走的水坑那边来嘉奖他的行为，我什么也做不了。A. goal 目标；B. way 方法，道路；C. opinion 观点；D. attitude 态度。根据后文“to the more difficult side of the puddle” 指作者看到蝴蝶的行为之后，决定改变要走的道路，去更难走的水坑那边。故选 B。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他真正赢得了和她在一起，不受打扰的时刻。A. enjoyed 欣赏；B. left 离开； C. earned 赚得，赢得；D. remembered 记得。根据后文“those moments to be with her”可知，这只蝴蝶通过自 己的努力，赢得了和伴侣最后的时刻。故选 C。 55．考查连词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，无论什么时候我面对巨大的障碍时，我总是努力回忆起那只蝴 蝶的勇气。A. whatever 无论什么；B. however 无论如何；C. whichever 无论哪一个；D. whenever 每当，无论 何时。结合前后文语境“I’ve always tried to remember the courage of that butterfly 55 I see huge barriers facing me”指无论什么时候作者遇到面对巨大的障碍时，总是努力回忆起那只蝴蝶的勇气，表示“无论什么时 候”应用 whenever。故选 D。 第二节语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 The United Nations believes about 17 percent of the world's food goes to waste each year. That amounts 56． 931 million metric tons of food being thrown away from homes, stores and food companies. The information comes from the U.N. Environment Program's Food Waste Index Report 2021. The report says food waste is not only a problem in rich countries like Britain or the United States. It happens in poor countries, too, 57． food supplies can go bad without cold storage. Most of the wasted food — 61 percent — comes from homes. The rest comes from stores and food service companies. The U.N. is working on ways to reduce food waste and trying to learn how much food becomes unusable before it reaches people. It hopes the report will show countries some of the problems so their governments can try to fix 58．. Inger Andersen is the Executive Director of UNEP. She said, "Reducing food waste would cut greenhouse gas emissions, slow the 59．(destroy) of nature through land conversion and pollution." 60．(addition), cutting waste will reduce hunger that is expected to rise during the corona-virus pandemic. Researchers say food waste is a 61．(grow) concern because of the large amount of land and energy required to produce food, raise animals and plant crops. They observe that forests are also being cleared to make space for more food production. If food waste 62．(reduce), it may be possible to lessen the impact of its production on the world. Some large problems exist with the food supply, but there are smaller reasons for waste. The report mentioned some of the small problems that could be fixed. Sometimes stores offer reduced prices on larger amounts of food. When people buy too much food, they do not always use it 63． it goes bad. Also, the writing on food containers can be hard 64．(understand). In some cases, the manufacturers put a date that shows when the food will be best to eat. Sometimes the food is still good for a number of days after the date, but people will throw it away. Food administrators in the U.S. have asked manufacturers to label their products in a way that is easier for people to understand. In the U.S., the Department of Agriculture (USDA) estimates a family of four wastes about $1,500 worth of food each year. Richard Swannell is a co-writer of the UN report. He said people in rich countries think differently about wasting food than they used to. Just 40 or 50 years ago, most people could not afford to waste food. Now that people have more money, they are not 65．(as) concerned. But Swannell does not think that is the right idea. 【答案】 56．to 57．where 58．them 59．destruction 60．Additionally 61．growing 62．is reduced 63．before 64．to understand 65．as 【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了令人触目惊心的食物浪费现状，联合国环境规划署的《2021 年食物浪费指 数报告》分析了食物浪费带来的危害和原因，并希望通这一报告引起国家与个人对这一现象的重视， 56．考查介词和固定短语。句意：那相当于有 9.31 亿公吨的食品被从家庭、商店和食品公司扔掉。动词短 语 amount to…(总计，相当于)为固定短语，在句中作谓语。故填 to。 57．考查定语从句。句意：这种情况也发生在贫穷国家，那里的食物供应如果没有冷藏可能会变坏。分析 句子结构可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 poor countries，再分析定语从句结构可知，关系 词将先行词 poor countries 代入定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在这些贫穷国家”，所以应使用在定语从句中 作状语的关系副词 where 引导该从句。故填 where。 58．考查代词。句意：它希望这份报告能向各国展示一些问题，以便其政府能够设法解决这些问题。根据 句意可知，政府需要设法解决的是前文提到的“some of the problems(一些问题)”，复数概念,且空格处是动词 fix 后的宾语，所以应使用第三人称复数代词的宾格形式。故填 them。 59．考查名词。句意：她说：“减少食物浪费将减少温室气体排放，减缓土地转换和污染对自然的破坏。”。 根据空格前冠词 the 和空格后作定语的介词短语 of nature 可知，空格处应填入名词，作动词 slow 的宾语。 故填 destruction。 60．考查副词。句意：此外，减少浪费将减少在冠状病毒大流行期间预计会增加的饥饿人群。根据空格前 上文“Reducing food waste would cut greenhouse gas emissions, slow the ____59____(destroy) of nature through land conversion and pollution.( 减少食物浪费将减少温室气体排放，减缓土地转换和污染对自然的破坏)”和下 文“cutting waste will reduce hunger that is expected to rise during the corona-virus pandemic.(减少浪费将减少在 冠状病毒大流行期间预计会增加的饥饿人群)”句意可知，前后句是并列关系，且空格处用逗号与主句隔开， 所以应填入表示并列关系的连接副词。故填 Additionally。 61．考查形容词。句意：研究人员说，由于生产食物、饲养动物和种植作物需要大量土地和能源，食物浪 费问题越来越令人担忧。设空处在冠词与名词之间，应填入形容词作定语修饰名词 concern，形容词 growing 表示“不断增加的，不断增强的”，符合句意。故填 growing。 62．考查谓语动词形式。句意：如果减少食物浪费，就有可能减少其生产对世界的影响。分析句子结构可 知，空格处是条件状语从句中谓语动词，动词 reduce（减少）与主语 food waste 之间有被动关系，再根据上 下文可知应使用一般现在时态，所以应填入一般现在时的被动语态，又因主语 food waste 是一种行为，应视 为第三人称单数。故填 is reduced。 63．考查连词。句意：当人们买了太多的食物，他们并不总是在变质之前使用它。分析句子结构可知，空 格处应填入连词连接前后分句，结合句意可知“they do not always use it”发生在“it goes bad”之前，所以用并 列连词 before。故填 before。 64．考查非谓语动词和固定句型。句意：此外，食物容器上的文字可能很难理解。“主语+ be + adj. + to do…” 为固定句型,该句型中形容词表明主语的特征或性质，句中动词不定式与主语之间存在动宾关系。本句中 hard 表明主语 the writing on food containers 的特征，understand 与主语 the writing on food containers 有动宾关系， 适用该固定句型。故填 to understand。 65．考查副词。句意：现在人们有了更多的钱，他们就不那么关心了。本句是省略句，完整句子是：they are not as concerned as before。句中第一个 as 是副词，用于比较，表示“像…一样，如同”，修饰其后形容词 concerned。 故填 as。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分 15 分) 假设你是李华，前两周你在美国著名的购物网站 Amazon 购买的一本牛津字典（Oxford Dictionary） 已 经送达，但是你对这本字典并不满意。现在请你写封信向商家表达你的不满。 内容包括： 1. 提出投诉，表达不满； 2. 说明商品质量问题（有破损、缺页现象，价格偏贵等）； 3. 提出解决方法。 注意： 1. 词数 80 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir or Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to express my dissatisfaction about the Oxford Dictionary I bought from your online store two weeks ago. It arrived yesterday. However, when I checked it, I found it poorly printed. In addition, some pages are slightly damaged and even some are missing. Needless to say, the price of the dictionary is a little higher than that in our local bookstores. Now this problem keeps worrying me. Frankly speaking, this is the worst shopping experience I have ever had. Can you change a new one for me as soon as possible? Please tell me how I can send this dictionary back to you. Thanks for your consideration. Yours, Li Hua 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国著名的购物网站 Amazon 写封信，向商家表达不满。因 为对购买并已经送达的一本牛津字典（Oxford Dictionary）并不满意。 【详解】 1.词汇积累 表达：express→convey 差地：badly→poorly 此外：besides→additionally/in addition/also 说实话：frankly speaking→honestly speaking 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I have never had such bad shopping experience before. 拓展句：This is the worst shopping experience I have ever had. 【点睛】 [高分句型 1] I am writing to express my dissatisfaction about the Oxford Dictionary I bought from your online store two weeks ago.(省略 that/which 的定语从句) [高分句型 2] Frankly speaking, this is the worst shopping experience I have ever had.(省略 that 的定语从句) 第二节 读后续写（满分 25 分） 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Johnson lived alone in a small town, Salem. Once he suffered a minor stroke (中风). He didn't usually go outside of his home unless it was to get his favorite food: pizza. He only ordered from Domino’s Pizza, and due to him frequently ordering, the staff was well familiar with his name. Although Johnson was a loyal customer, the staff had never heard his voice or seen is face. It was only the delivery drivers who caught a glance of the man. Many neighbors went on to say that he just liked to keep to himself. The manager of Johnson’s local Domino’s Pizza, Mary, said that he was always so polite to the delivery staff. Throughout the seven years of him placing orders at and supporting the particular Domino’s store, there had never been a problem. And so none of the employees at Johnson's local Domino’s seemed to notice anything unusual the first couple of days. However, this quickly changed when Mary realized that they hadn't had an order from Johnson in a while. Johnson was considered to be one of the branch's most loyal customers. It was unusual that Johnson hadn't ordered anything for more than 12 days. They felt something might be off. A member of the staff, Tom, was sent to Johnson’s house to see if they could notice anything unusual. As Tom approached Johnson’s house, he was relieved to see that the lights were on. Johnson wasn't answering the door, even though the lights and TV were on in his room. Tom decided to knock once again and called him on his phone, but there was no answer. There was a horrible feeling in the pit of his stomach. Tom decided to call the police. After hearing the situation, the police arrived quickly. They knocked on the door just as Tom had, but there was no answer once again. Just then one of the officers heard a faint voice coming from inside of the home. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 词左右； 2. 请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The voice was calling out for help. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ In the hospital, Johnson was getting better after the stroke. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: The voice was calling out for help. That was when the officers acted quickly to break down the door and come to the rescue. The ambulance was called and arrived only minutes later. Doctors said that Johnson needed immediate medical attention after their initial assessment. So Johnson was rushed to the hospital, where he was diagnosed with a minor stroke. Nobody knew how long Johnson had sustained the stroke. However, one thing was for sure. He was in an extremely critical condition. In the hospital, Johnson was getting better after the stroke. On hearing the good news, Mary and Tom went to the hospital with flowers and a card for Johnson. They thought it was important for Johnson to be loved by others. Although Johnson had trouble speaking, he expressed his sincere gratitude to them. Obviously, it was his eating habit and preference for pizza that saved his life. Maybe a good excuse for eating pizza every day is that it could prove to save your life one day. /Obviously, it was Mary’s consideration that saved his life. Genuine concern for others can not only spread love, but also save someone's life. 【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个独居的叫 Johnson 的人，因为只在一个固定的 Domino 披萨店 里点餐，这次，有十几天他没有来点餐，店主 Mary 发现不对劲，派一位名叫 Tom 的工作人员前往 Johnson 家，结果发现灯亮着，电视开着，却没有应声，Tom 立即报警，警察发现 Johnson 生病，并送到医院救治的 故事。 【详解】 1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“那个声音在呼救。”可知，第一段可描写警察发现 Johnson 生病，并立刻呼叫救护车送 往医院的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“在医院里，Johnson 中风后的病情有所好转。”可知，第二段可描写店主 Mary 带领员 工 Tom 等去看望老顾客，Johnson 表达衷心的感谢。 2.续写线索：发现——积极——营救——呼叫救护车——看望——感谢 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①发现：find/discover/catch sight of ②营救：rescue/save ③看望：visit/call on 情绪类 ① 积极：positive attitude/act positively ② 感谢：showing his appreciation/express his gratitude/be grateful 【点睛】 [高分句型 1]. So Johnson was rushed to the hospital, where he was diagnosed with a minor stroke.(where 引导的 非限制性定语从句) [高分句型 2]. Obviously, it was his eating habit and preference for pizza that saved his life. (强调句型的运用)