全国统一考试模拟测试（二）英 语 试 题
第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
This is an opportunity open to students who have achieved an above average Key Stage 2
score. Students will need to apply about 2 hours per week. This will include extra-curricular
activities, experiences and study beyond the normal expectations of the school curriculum.
Over the next academic year, the West Exe Reach Programme will offer students
opportunities to participate in:
• Team building residential activities
• Visits to top UK Universities including Oxford and Cambridge
• Inspirational, informative and engaging lectures from leaders in a range of different
professions
• Meetings with students from Universities who have followed a similar pathway to the
student’s ambitions
The ambition of this is to see students’ understanding of the available opportunities to widen
and to encourage them to set the bar high and achieve more.
Students will receive support through additional tutoring. To ensure that all students are able
to move onto an elite(精英) destination of their choice, the West Exe School Reach Programme
will provide assistance with the completion of strong Exeter College Reach Academy applications.
For further questions, please email admin@westexe.devon.sch.uk.
1. What activity is accessible to students in the West Exe Reach Programme?
A. Visits to Universities in the USA.
B. Team building residential activities.
C. Meetings with students from senior high.
D. Public speaking or debating opportunities.
2. Why does the West Exe Reach Programme provide extra-curricular activities?
A. To ensure students achieve a good Key Stage 2 score.
B. To ensure students apply about 2 more hours per week.
C. To encourage students to dream big and achieve more.
D. To encourage students to apply for additional tutoring.
3. Who may be interested in the West Exe Reach Programme?
A. Students who have finished Key Stage 2.
B. Students from top universities in the UK.
C. Leaders in a range of different professions.
D. Elites who have completed Exeter College.
B
Like many Kenyans who try their hands at something earning them some extra income,
Robina Bosibori and her husband had tried raising chickens in their courtyard. When they started
keeping the chickens two years ago, they had hoped they would multiply, allowing them to sell
eggs and chickens to their neighbors. However, with the couple being working parents, the
chickens did not get the attention they deserved and at the beginning of this year, they only had 10
chickens.
Luckily, their fortunes began to change after the novel coronavirus pandemic(新冠疫情)
struck and schools were closed. Not wanting the children to spend the whole day watching
television, Bosibori started allocating them duties around the house and noticed that her daughter
Ashleigh had developed great interest in the chickens.
Since the chickens were not doing so well at the time Ashleigh would get emotional if any
chicken died. She decided to dedicate her time to improving the conditions they were living in.
She gave them water and food regularly. She also asked her parents to have the sick chickens
treated. By the time she started paying attention to the chickens, there were only eight of them.
But currently, the family have almost 100 chicks and chickens.
According to Ashleigh, she faced challenges at the beginning because the chickens kept
falling ill and dying. In addition, the hen house was old and uncomfortable for the chickens and
eggs together. She made her parents realize that the old house would waste a lot of chicken feed.
Therefore, they decided to invest in a new and bigger hen house in the hope of offering better
conditions for the chickens.
By spending time with the chickens, Ashleigh developed a bond with them. She believed that
she had learned a lot by taking care of the chickens and the interest would carry on even after
schools were reopened.
4. Why did the chickens keep dying at the beginning?
A. They were not properly attended. B. The pandemic struck suddenly.
C. A new hen house was constructed. D. Ashleigh was interested in chickens.
5. What did Ashleigh do after schools were closed?
A. She spent the whole day watching TV. B. She allocated duties around the
house.
C. She took care of the chickens carefully. D. She developed a bond with her
brothers.
6. What was the problem with the old hen house?
A. It stopped the sick chickens from being treated.
B. It separated hens from their eggs and chickens.
C. It provided better conditions for the chickens.
D. It wasted chicken feed and was uncomfortable.
7. What can we learn from this story?
A. East or west, home is the best. B. Hard work pays off in the end.
C. Where there’s life, there’s hope. D. Education is the key to success.
C
Scientists have designed “transparent(透明的) wood” that could replace conventional glass in
windows.
The innovation was developed using wood from the balsa tree, which is native to South and
Central America, and claims to be five times more thermally efficient than glass.
The team treated balsa wood in an oxidizing bath that bleaches(漂白) it of nearly all visibility
and then penetrated it with PVA - creating a product that is virtually transparent. Unlike traditional
glass, the transparent wood can withstand much stronger impacts and will bend or splinter when
damaged, instead of shattering(粉碎).
The transparent wood was created by teams at the University of Maryland and University of
Colorado, which set out to find a greener alternative to conventional glass – a production that
creates 25,000 tons in emissions each year. Along with contributing to greenhouse gases, glass
contributes to a loss of energy.
“Residential building windows in particular account for 10–25% of the heat loss due to their
poor thermal management capability,” the team wrote in the study.
“Exploring energy efficient window materials is thus highly desirable to address heating
costs, energy shortages, and the global impact of climate change associated with increased carbon
emissions.”
The team notes that the bonding between PVA and cellulose(纤维素) in the wood, creates a
tightly packed structure that allows for more thermal protection and makes it more durable and
lighter than glass.
“Switching to transparent wood could prove to be cost efficient as well,” researchers shared
in a statement. “It is made from a sustainable, renewable resource with low carbon emissions. It
can be produced with existing industrial processing equipment, making its manufacturing an easy
prospect.”
8. What does the underlined word “thermally” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Associated with cost. B. Connected with heat.
C. Associated with emissions. D. Connected with structure.
9. What do we know about the “transparent wood”?
A. It will shatter when damaged. B. It has replaced traditional glass.
C. It is more durable than glass. D. It contributes to greenhouse gases.
10. Why is the residential building windows mentioned in Paragraph 5?
A. To show the disadvantages of conventional glass.
B. To show the efficiency of thermal management.
C. To explain the importance of building designing.
D. To explain the global impact of climate change.
11. What helps the transparent wood in thermal protection?
A. Its tightly packed structure. B. Its sustainable, renewable resource.
C. Its easy manufacturing prospect. D. Its industrial processing equipment.
D
At the start of nearly every doctor’s visit, chances are that you will be asked to get your
weight measured. But many conversations around weight have become an obstacle, not a help, in
the campaign to make people healthier. Doctors’ recommendations to drop pounds are still
extremely common, even though using body size as a one-size-fits-all way can lead to ignorance
of the complexity of an individual’ s particular physiology.
Many studies have shown heavier people are at higher risk for high blood pressure, diabetes
and other diseases. But the big picture is not the whole picture. Researchers have identified some
fat people considered to be “metabolically healthy”. However, one interesting report published in
2016 found that unhealthy thin people were twice as likely to get diabetes as healthy fat people.
Clearly, although the association between being overweight and disease is very real, individual
experience can vary greatly and depends on personal physiology and behavior.
Despite such findings, among the more terrible effects of weight-central health care are the
increased shame experienced by the overweight. The well-reported experience of numerous fat
people is that doctors often set weight loss without examining them. Research over the past two
decades has shown that health professionals have negative attitudes toward fat people. Not only
that but doctors’ appointments with fat patients are shorter on average, and some refuse to see
these patients at all, as the South Florida Sun Sentinel reported in 2011. Such prejudiced practices
keep people from regular annual exams and prevent the detection of serious hidden conditions.
To practice evidence-based medicine, doctors should stop relying on weight alone as an
indicator of health and quickly setting out weight loss to treat health diseases. Instead, doctors
should focus on behavioral changes to improve health outcomes. People of all sizes are entitled
to evidence-based treatments and keep them healthy.
12. What is the underlined phrase “a one-size-fits-all way” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. An alternative way. B. A temporary way.
C. A unique solution. D. A perfect solution.
13. What can be learned from Paragraph 2?
A. Each heavy individual is at higher risk for diseases.
B. Fat people are considered to be metabolically healthy.
C. Not all fat people suffer high blood pressure or diabetes.
D. Thin people were twice as likely to get diabetes as fat ones.
14. How does the author convince us of the effects of weight-central health care?
A. By listing figures. B. By quoting opinions.
C. By giving examples. D. By making comparisons.
15. Which can be the best title of this passage?
A. Weight Shame. B. Weight Loss, Health gains.
C. Weight Effects. D. Only Weight Is Not Enough.
第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分, 满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有
两项为多余选项。
Why do people take “selfies(自拍)?”
Researchers at Syracuse University in New York tried to answer that question.
______16______ People who post selfies and use editing software to make themselves look better
show behavior connected to admiring themselves too much, the Syracuse researchers said.
______17______ As social media can be shallow, it is a good place for people to “work towards
satisfying their own overmuch pride.”
___18___ People who post group selfies show a need for popularity and a need to belong to a
group, the Syracuse University research found.
Other findings from the study include: There are no major differences on how often men and
women post selfies and how often they use editing software. ______19______
The Newhouse School’s Associate Professor Makana Chock worked on the study. She said,
posting selfies on social media is not all that different from what people have done for many years.
On trips, our parents and grandparents used cameras to take photos. Before social media, people
would bring back photos to show friends and family. You had no choice but to look at them. If you
are a nice person, you commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked, especially
children and the person showing the photos. ______20______
On social media, it is a different experience. People can decide not to look at photos of their
friends and family even if they click “like” or even “love” under the Facebook selfie.
A. That was the old way of “clicking” like.
B. They came up with some surprising answers.
C. Different people have different opinions about it.
D. Such people think very highly of themselves, especially how they look.
E. Both cameras and phones are useful tools to record people’s experiences.
F. There are other reasons, besides admiring themselves, why people post selfies.
G. But men desire to be seen as popular more than women when posting selfies.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 完形填空 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入
空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
I’ve been answering calls on Mind’s Infoline for two years. Since the pandemic(疫情) began
we’ve been busier than ever. The ___21___ of calls we’ve been getting are from people who are
extremely ___22___. It’s been such a hard time for people ___23___ at home, and that
isolation(隔离) can lead to ___24___ thoughts and over-thinking, and that can rise ___25___ the
weeks go on. The calls are more ___26___ than ever before – we’ve all had people on the phone
crying due to loneliness. These kinds of calls were at their ___27___ during the nationwide
lockdown in spring.
Most of the calls we ___28___ now are from people who don’t really know what they’re
___29___, and that’s fine. They want someone to talk to, and someone who can give them options
and the hope___30___they won’t always feel like this.
There are lots of ways we try to help the people we talk to. Firstly, we want to provide a
considerate ___31___, but we also want to give people ___32___ advice and options. At the
moment we’ve been focusing a lot on different types of self-care and talking through each caller’s
situation and needs and what kind of things might ___33___ for them. Tips for anxiety often
___34___mindfulness, yoga, relaxation, breathing exercises and so on.
Lots of people are looking for services, particularly consulting, so we help them find what
options are ___35___ in their local area.
21. A. minority B. majority C. variety D. quantity
22. A. alone B. lonely C. upset D.
depressed
23. A. lost B. deserted C. stuck D. forgot
24. A. positive B. active C. negative D. passive
25. A. since B. for C. as D. after
26. A. terrible B. awesome C. crazy D.
emotional
27. A. peak B. service C. control D.
command
28. A. receive B. accept C. send D. transfer
29. A. looking after B. looking at C. looking for D. looking
up
30. A. which B. that C. where D. why
31. A. eye B. head C. hand D. ear
32. A. practical B. unique C. particular D.
extraordinary
33. A. maintain B. work C. act D. continue
34. A. include B. contain C. exclude D.
conclude
35. A. convenient B. powerful C. enough D.
available
第二节 短文填空 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Before discovering electricity, people relied on fire as a source of light. It was a troublesome
business _____36_____ fires can lead to disaster. Making fire dependable was so difficult that
lights on moving vehicles were_____37_____ (hard) ever considered.
The early trains_____38_____ (travel) only during the day. The tracks were too dangerous
during dark nights, and passengers also wanted to see_____39_____ they were traveling anyway.
In the late 1830s, railroad traffic became so heavy that freight trains(货运火车) had to put off
passenger trains. _____40_____ (avoid) these put-offs, railroads started running freight trains at
night. Horatio Allen’s 1831 _____41_____ (invent), the “Track illuminator(照明器),” was
suddenly in demand. It was a pile of special wood_____42_____ (burn) in an iron grate that sat in
a box of sand on a platform car, which was pushed ahead_____43_____ the train. The illuminator
did not cast much light, but it warned of an approaching train.
In 1851, the first_____44_____ (electricity) headlamp was developed. Russia ran the first
train ______45______ was equipped with a battery-powered one.
第四部分 书面表达 (共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 应用文写作 (满分 15 分)
46. 假如你是李华，你的笔友 Mike 对中国的春节很感兴趣，请你给他写一封回信，介绍相
关情况，内容如下：
1. 春节的意义；
2. 春节期间的传统习俗；
3. 欢迎 Mike 来中国体验。
注意：1. 字数 80 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mike,
I am very glad to know you are interested in the Spring Festival of China.
The Spring Festival is to Chinese people what Christmas is to you. It falls on the first day of
lunar new year. Most of us will try our best to return home for a family reunion. On the New Year
Eve, we will enjoy different kinds of food, especially Jiaozi and Tangyuan, meaning good luck.
Besides, we will appreciate beautiful fireworks.
I sincerely invite you to join us this year. I’m sure you will have an unforgettable experience.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写 (满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
One spring morning many years ago, I had been searching for gold along Coho Creek on
southeastern Alaska’s Kuprean of Island, and as I emerged from a forest of spruce(云杉) and
hemlock tree, I froze in my tracks. No more than 20 paces in the bog(沼泽) was a huge Alaskan
timber wolf - caught in one of Trapper George’s traps.
Old George had died the previous week of a heart attack, so the wolf was lucky. Confused
and frightened at my approach, the wolf backed away. Then I noticed something else: It was a
female, and her teats were full of milk. Somewhere there was a den of hungry pups (小狼) waiting
for their mother.
From her appearance, I guessed that she had been trapped only a few days. That meant her
pups were probably still alive. But I suspected that if I tried to release the wolf, she would turn
aggressive and try to tear me to pieces.
So I decided to search for her pups instead and began to look for tracks that might lead me to
her den. Fortunately, there were still a few remaining of snow. After several moments, I spotted
pups’ marks on a trail.
The tracks led a half mile through the forest, then up a slope covered with many rocks. I
finally spotted the den at the base of an enormous spruce, There wasn’t a sound inside. Wolf pups
are shy and cautious, and I didn’t have much hope of inviting them outside, But I had to try. So I
began imitating the high-pitched(声音很尖锐的) sound of a mother wolf calling her young. No
response. A few moments later, after I tried another call, four tiny pups appeared. They couldn’t
have been more than a few weeks old.
注意:
1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
I extended my hands.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
With her young to protect, she was becoming aggressive.
2021 届高三适应性演练模拟考试
英 语 试 题
说明：1.本试卷共 10 页，满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟。
2.请将所有答案按题号填涂或填写在答题卡相应的答题处，否则不得分。
第一部分：听力理解 (共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项
中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和
阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the woman’s favourite hobby?
A. Singing songs.
B. Playing tennis.
C. Going shopping.
2. Why does the man look worried?
A. He has to report to his boss.
B. He will have an interview.
C. He is going to lose his job.
3. What are the speakers talking about?
A. An article. B. A country. C. A rainforest.
4. Where does this conversation take place?
A. In a taxi. B. At a train station. C. In a hotel.
5. What does the man think of the speech?
A. Disappointing. B. Meaningful. C. Exciting.
第二节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、
C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，
每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两
遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. What does the boy decide to do after school?
A. Listen to some songs. B. Attend a birthday party. C. Visit the girl’s house.
7. What is the video about?
A. A musical. B. An adventure. C. A comedy.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。
8. Where is the man going?
A. To the bank. B. To the courthouse. C. To the drugstore.
9. Why did the woman get a traffic ticket?
A. She drove too fast.
B. She parked in a wrong place.
C. She passed the crossing at a wrong time.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Hand her a hammer.
B. Pass her a tool box.
C. Hold the ladder for her.
11. What is Mr. King doing now?
A. Working at the site. B. Having a meeting. C. Laying the bricks.
12. What does the woman suggest the man do now?
A. Mix the paint. B. Paint the wall. C. Prepare their lunch.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. At what time does the man usually go to bed?
A. About 8:00. B. About 9:30. C. About 11:00.
14. When does the headache become worse?
A. In the evening. B. In the afternoon. C. In the morning.
15. What may cause the man’s headache according to the woman?
A. His cold. B. His eyes. C. His lack of sleep.
16. What does the woman advise the man to do?
A. Take some medicine. B. Exercise regularly. C. Eat properly.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. What will visitors do on Monday?
A. Travel along rivers.
B. Visit an old building.
C. Tour around a station.
18. Where can visitors learn about the history of New York City?
A. On Manhattan Island.
B. In Grand Central Terminal.
C. In Lower East Side Tenement Museum.
19. How many people go to Grand Central regularly every day?
A. Over 7,000. B. Over 150,000. C. Over 7,000,000.
20. On which day can visitors enjoy the nature?
A. Tuesday. B. Wednesday. C. Thursday.
第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
This is an opportunity open to students who have achieved an above average Key Stage 2
score. Students will need to apply about 2 hours per week. This will include extra-curricular
activities, experiences and study beyond the normal expectations of the school curriculum.
Over the next academic year, the West Exe Reach Programme will offer students
opportunities to participate in:
• Team building residential activities
• Visits to top UK Universities including Oxford and Cambridge
• Inspirational, informative and engaging lectures from leaders in a range of different
professions
• Meetings with students from Universities who have followed a similar pathway to the
student’s ambitions
The ambition of this is to see students’ understanding of the available opportunities to widen
and to encourage them to set the bar high and achieve more.
Students will receive support through additional tutoring. To ensure that all students are able
to move onto an elite(精英) destination of their choice, the West Exe School Reach Programme
will provide assistance with the completion of strong Exeter College Reach Academy applications.
For further questions, please email admin@westexe.devon.sch.uk.
1. What activity is accessible to students in the West Exe Reach Programme?
A. Visits to Universities in the USA.
B. Team building residential activities.
C. Meetings with students from senior high.
D. Public speaking or debating opportunities.
2. Why does the West Exe Reach Programme provide extra-curricular activities?
A. To ensure students achieve a good Key Stage 2 score.
B. To ensure students apply about 2 more hours per week.
C. To encourage students to dream big and achieve more.
D. To encourage students to apply for additional tutoring.
3. Who may be interested in the West Exe Reach Programme?
A. Students who have finished Key Stage 2.
B. Students from top universities in the UK.
C. Leaders in a range of different professions.
D. Elites who have completed Exeter College.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个叫做 the West Exe Reach Programme 的项目，它的活动内
容，目的及好处。
【1 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Over the next academic year, the West Exe Reach Programme will
offer students opportunities to participate in: • Team building residential activities（下一学年，
West Exe Reach 课程将为学生提供以下机会：•团队建设住宿活动）”可知，参加 West Exe
Reach Programme 项目的学生可以参加团队建设住宿活动。故选 B 项。
【2 题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“The ambition of this is to see students’ understanding of the
available opportunities to widen and to encourage them to set the bar high and achieve more.（这
样做的目的是让学生了解到拓宽学习机会的可能性，并鼓励他们把目标定得更高，取得更大
的成就。）”可知，the West Exe Reach Programme 为学生提供多种课外活动的目的是鼓励他
们有更大的梦想，取得更多的成就。故选 C 项。
【3 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“This is an opportunity open to students who have achieved an above
average Key Stage 2 score.（这是一个向关键阶段 2 的平均分以上的学生开放的机会。）”可知，
完成关键阶段 2 的学生课程会对 the West Exe Reach Programme 项目感兴趣。故选 A 项。
B
Like many Kenyans who try their hands at something earning them some extra income,
Robina Bosibori and her husband had tried raising chickens in their courtyard. When they started
keeping the chickens two years ago, they had hoped they would multiply, allowing them to sell
eggs and chickens to their neighbors. However, with the couple being working parents, the
chickens did not get the attention they deserved and at the beginning of this year, they only had 10
chickens.
Luckily, their fortunes began to change after the novel coronavirus pandemic(新冠疫情)
struck and schools were closed. Not wanting the children to spend the whole day watching
television, Bosibori started allocating them duties around the house and noticed that her daughter
Ashleigh had developed great interest in the chickens.
Since the chickens were not doing so well at the time, Ashleigh would get emotional if any
chicken died. She decided to dedicate her time to improving the conditions they were living in.
She gave them water and food regularly. She also asked her parents to have the sick chickens
treated. By the time she started paying attention to the chickens, there were only eight of them.
But currently, the family have almost 100 chicks and chickens.
According to Ashleigh, she faced challenges at the beginning because the chickens kept
falling ill and dying. In addition, the hen house was old and uncomfortable for the chickens and
eggs together. She made her parents realize that the old house would waste a lot of chicken feed.
Therefore, they decided to invest in a new and bigger hen house in the hope of offering better
conditions for the chickens.
By spending time with the chickens, Ashleigh developed a bond with them. She believed that
she had learned a lot by taking care of the chickens and the interest would carry on even after
schools were reopened.
4. Why did the chickens keep dying at the beginning?
A. They were not properly attended. B. The pandemic struck suddenly.
C. A new hen house was constructed. D. Ashleigh was interested in chickens.
5. What did Ashleigh do after schools were closed?
A. She spent the whole day watching TV. B. She allocated duties around the
house.
C. She took care of the chickens carefully. D. She developed a bond with her
brothers.
6. What was the problem with the old hen house?
A. It stopped the sick chickens from being treated.
B. It separated hens from their eggs and chickens.
C. It provided better conditions for the chickens.
D. It wasted chicken feed and was uncomfortable.
7. What can we learn from this story?
A. East or west, home is the best. B. Hard work pays off in the end.
C. Where there’s life, there’s hope. D. Education is the key to success.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对肯尼亚家庭的夫妻由于工作忙碌疏于对鸡群的照顾，使得
小鸡的数量大大减少。他们的女儿 Ashleigh 却在学校停课后对小鸡们产生了感情，并对它
们悉心照顾，从而逐渐增加了小鸡的数量，为家庭带来了收益。
【4 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“the chickens did not get the attention they deserved and at the
beginning of this year, they only had 10 chickens.（这些鸡没有得到应有的关注，今年年初，他
们只有 10 只鸡。）”可知，因为在最初的时候没有得到恰当的照料，所以才导致小鸡们持续
的死掉。故选 A 项。
【5 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“She decided to dedicate her time to improving the conditions
they were living in. She gave them water and food regularly.（她决定把时间花在改善他们的生
活条件上。她定期给他们水和食物。）”可知，Ashleigh 在学校关闭之后，把时间都用来照顾
小鸡们。故选 C 项。
【6 题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“the hen house was old and uncomfortable for the chickens（鸡
舍又旧又不舒服）”和“She made her parents realize that the old house would waste a lot of
chicken feed.（她使她的父母意识到那座老鸡舍会浪费很多饲料。）”可知，老鸡舍的存在的
问题是不舒服和浪费饲料。故选 D 项。
【7 题详解】
推理判断题。A. East or west, home is the best.金窝银窝不如自己的草窝；B. Hard work pays off
in the end.努力工作终有回报；C. Where there’s life, there’s hope. 有生命必有希望；D.
Education is the key to success.教育是成功的关键。文章讲述了主人公 Ashleigh 通过自己的努
力，对小鸡们悉心照顾，从而大大增加了小鸡的数量，也从中学到了很多道理，并为家庭带
来了收益。她的经历告诉我们努力工作终将得到回报。故选 B 项。
C
Scientists have designed “transparent(透明的) wood” that could replace conventional glass in
windows.
The innovation was developed using wood from the balsa tree, which is native to South and
Central America, and claims to be five times more thermally efficient than glass.
The team treated balsa wood in an oxidizing bath that bleaches(漂白) it of nearly all visibility
and then penetrated it with PVA - creating a product that is virtually transparent. Unlike traditional
glass, the transparent wood can withstand much stronger impacts and will bend or splinter when
damaged, instead of shattering(粉碎).
The transparent wood was created by teams at the University of Maryland and University of
Colorado, which set out to find a greener alternative to conventional glass – a production that
creates 25,000 tons in emissions each year. Along with contributing to greenhouse gases, glass
contributes to a loss of energy.
“Residential building windows in particular account for 10–25% of the heat loss due to their
poor thermal management capability,” the team wrote in the study.
“Exploring energy efficient window materials is thus highly desirable to address heating
costs, energy shortages, and the global impact of climate change associated with increased carbon
emissions.”
The team notes that the bonding between PVA and cellulose(纤维素) in the wood, creates a
tightly packed structure that allows for more thermal protection and makes it more durable and
lighter than glass.
“Switching to transparent wood could prove to be cost efficient as well,” researchers shared
in a statement. “It is made from a sustainable, renewable resource with low carbon emissions. It
can be produced with existing industrial processing equipment, making its manufacturing an easy
prospect.”
8. What does the underlined word “thermally” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Associated with cost. B. Connected with heat.
C. Associated with emissions. D. Connected with structure.
9. What do we know about the “transparent wood”?
A. It will shatter when damaged. B. It has replaced traditional glass.
C. It is more durable than glass. D. It contributes to greenhouse gases.
10. Why is the residential building windows mentioned in Paragraph 5?
A. To show the disadvantages of conventional glass.
B. To show the efficiency of thermal management.
C. To explain the importance of building designing.
D. To explain the global impact of climate change.
11. What helps the transparent wood in thermal protection?
A. Its tightly packed structure. B. Its sustainable, renewable resource.
C. Its easy manufacturing prospect. D. Its industrial processing equipment.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种可以取代传统玻璃的新型透明木材，并介绍了这种新型材
料的特点及优势。
【8 题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段“Residential building windows in particular account for 10–25% of the
heat loss due to their poor thermal management capability（特别是住宅建筑的窗户，由于其热
管理能力差，造成了 10-25%的热损失）”可猜测，导致 10–25%的热量损失的原因肯定是与
热量相关的管理能力差，由此可猜测句中的“thermal”的意义与热量有关，故第二段中的
“thermally”作为副词形式也与“热量（heat）”相关。故选 B 项。
【9 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Unlike traditional glass, the transparent wood can withstand
much stronger impacts and will bend or splinter when damaged, instead of shattering.（与传统玻
璃不同的是，透明的木材可以承受更强的冲击，当损坏时，它会弯曲或分裂，而不是碎掉。）”
可知，透明木材比传统玻璃更能承受住强烈的冲击，不易破碎。比传统玻璃更持久耐用。故
选 C 项。
【10 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段 “Residential building windows in particular account for 10–25% of the
heat loss due to their poor thermal management capability（特别是住宅建筑的窗户，由于其热
管理能力差，造成了 10-25%的热损失）”，可知第五段提到住宅建筑的窗户是为了表明传统
玻璃的缺点。故选 A 项。
【11 题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“the bonding between PVA and cellulose(纤维素) in the wood,
creates a tightly packed structure that allows for more thermal protection（聚乙烯醇(PVA)和木材
中的纤维素之间的结合，形成了一种紧凑的结构，可以提供更多的热保护）”可知，使透明
木材能够保护热量的原因是它特殊的紧凑的内部结构。故选 A 项。
D
At the start of nearly every doctor’s visit, chances are that you will be asked to get your
weight measured. But many conversations around weight have become an obstacle, not a help, in
the campaign to make people healthier. Doctors’ recommendations to drop pounds are still
extremely common, even though using body size as a one-size-fits-all way can lead to ignorance
of the complexity of an individual’ s particular physiology.
Many studies have shown heavier people are at higher risk for high blood pressure, diabetes
and other diseases. But the big picture is not the whole picture. Researchers have identified some
fat people considered to be “metabolically healthy”. However, one interesting report published in
2016 found that unhealthy thin people were twice as likely to get diabetes as healthy fat people.
Clearly, although the association between being overweight and disease is very real, individual
experience can vary greatly and depends on personal physiology and behavior.
Despite such findings, among the more terrible effects of weight-central health care are the
increased shame experienced by the overweight. The well-reported experience of numerous fat
people is that doctors often set weight loss without examining them. Research over the past two
decades has shown that health professionals have negative attitudes toward fat people. Not only
that but doctors’ appointments with fat patients are shorter on average, and some refuse to see
these patients at all, as the South Florida Sun Sentinel reported in 2011. Such prejudiced practices
keep people from regular annual exams and prevent the detection of serious hidden conditions.
To practice evidence-based medicine, doctors should stop relying on weight alone as an
indicator of health and quickly setting out weight loss to treat health diseases. Instead, doctors
should focus on behavioral changes to improve health outcomes. People of all sizes are entitled
to evidence-based treatments and keep them healthy.
12. What is the underlined phrase “a one-size-fits-all way” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. An alternative way. B. A temporary way.
C. A unique solution. D. A perfect solution.
13. What can be learned from Paragraph 2?
A. Each heavy individual is at higher risk for diseases.
B. Fat people are considered to be metabolically healthy.
C. Not all fat people suffer high blood pressure or diabetes.
D. Thin people were twice as likely to get diabetes as fat ones.
14. How does the author convince us of the effects of weight-central health care?
A. By listing figures. B. By quoting opinions.
C. By giving examples. D. By making comparisons.
15. Which can be the best title of this passage?
A. Weight Shame. B. Weight Loss, Health gains.
C. Weight Effects. D. Only Weight Is Not Enough.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。如今许多医生将体重看作衡量一个人是否健康的标准，尽管许多研究表明，
体重较重的人患高血压、糖尿病和其他疾病的风险更高，但是有报告称不健康的瘦人患糖尿
病的可能性是健康的胖子的两倍。文章说明了以体重为中心的医疗保健中心对人们的不良影
响，指出医生应该停止仅仅依靠体重作为健康指标，并迅速将减肥作为治疗健康疾病的手段。
【12 题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“At the start of nearly every doctor’s visit, chances are that you
will be asked to get your weight measured.(在几乎每一个医生就诊的开始，都有可能要求你测
量体重)”；“Doctors’ recommendations to drop pounds are still extremely common, even though
using body size as ” 以 及 后文 “ can lead to ignorance of the complexity of an individual’ s
particular physiology”可知，医生的减肥建议是使用体型判断一个人是否健康，但这可能会
导致忽视个人特殊生理的复杂性，可推测医生是将使用体型来判断一个人体重是否正常视为
一个完美的解决方案。画线词意思为“一个完美的解决方案”。故选 D。
【13 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Many studies have shown heavier people are at higher risk for high
blood pressure, diabetes and other diseases. But the big picture is not the whole picture.
Researchers have identified some fat people considered to be “metabolically healthy”. However,
one interesting report published in 2016 found that unhealthy thin people were twice as likely to
get diabetes as healthy fat people. Clearly, although the association between being overweight and
disease is very real, individual experience can vary greatly and depends on personal physiology
and behavior. (许多研究表明，体重较重的人患高血压、糖尿病和其他疾病的风险更高。但大
局并不是全貌。研究人员已经确认了一些被认为“新陈代谢健康”的肥胖人群。然而，2016
年发表的一份有趣的报告发现，不健康的瘦人患糖尿病的可能性是健康的胖子的两倍。显然，
虽然超重和疾病之间的联系是非常真实的，但个人的经历可能会有很大的不同，这取决于个
人的生理和行为)”可知，并非所有肥胖的人都患有高血压或糖尿病。故选 C。
【14 题详解】
推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 第 三 段 “ Despite such findings, among the more terrible effects of
weight-central health care are the increased shame experienced by the overweight. The
well-reported experience of numerous fat people is that doctors often set weight loss without
examining them. Research over the past two decades has shown that health professionals have
negative attitudes toward fat people. Not only that but doctors’ appointments with fat patients are
shorter on average, and some refuse to see these patients at all, as the South Florida Sun Sentinel
reported in 2011. Such prejudiced practices keep people from regular annual exams and prevent
the detection of serious hidden conditions.(尽管有这样的发现，在以体重为中心的医疗保健的
更可怕的影响中，超重的人感到越来越羞愧。大量肥胖人士的经历被广为报道，医生经常在
不检查的情况下就设定减肥计划。过去二十年的研究表明，健康专家对肥胖人士持负面态度。
不仅如此，据南佛罗里达太阳哨兵报 2011 年的报道，医生与肥胖患者的预约时间平均要短
一些，有些甚至根本不愿见这些患者。这种偏见的做法使人们无法定期进行年度检查，也无
法发现严重的隐患)”可推知，作者通过举例让我们相信体重中心保健的影响。故选 C。
【15 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“To practice evidence-based medicine, doctors should stop relying on
weight alone as an indicator of health and quickly setting out weight loss to treat health diseases.
Instead, doctors should focus on behavioral changes to improve health outcomes. People of all
sizes are entitled to evidence-based treatments and keep them healthy.(要实践循证医学，医生应
该停止仅仅依靠体重作为健康指标，并迅速将减肥作为治疗健康疾病的手段。相反，医生应
该关注行为上的改变，以改善健康结果。各种体型的人都有权接受循证治疗并保持健康)”
结合文章说明了如今许多医生将体重看作衡量一个人是否健康的标准，尽管许多研究表明，
体重较重的人患高血压、糖尿病和其他疾病的风险更高，但是有报告称不健康的瘦人患糖尿
病的可能性是健康的胖子的两倍。文章说明了以体重为中心的医疗保健中心对人们的不良影
响，指出医生应该停止仅仅依靠体重作为健康指标，并迅速将减肥作为治疗健康疾病的手段。
可知，D 选项“健不健康关看体重是不够的”最符合文章标题。故选 D。
第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分, 满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有
两项为多余选项。
Why do people take “selfies(自拍)?”
Researchers at Syracuse University in New York tried to answer that question.
______16______ People who post selfies and use editing software to make themselves look better
show behavior connected to admiring themselves too much, the Syracuse researchers said.
______17______ As social media can be shallow, it is a good place for people to “work towards
satisfying their own overmuch pride.”
___18___ People who post group selfies show a need for popularity and a need to belong to a
group, the Syracuse University research found.
Other findings from the study include: There are no major differences on how often men and
women post selfies and how often they use editing software. ______19______
The Newhouse School’s Associate Professor Makana Chock worked on the study. She said,
posting selfies on social media is not all that different from what people have done for many years.
On trips, our parents and grandparents used cameras to take photos. Before social media, people
would bring back photos to show friends and family. You had no choice but to look at them. If you
are a nice person, you commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked, especially
children and the person showing the photos. ______20______
On social media, it is a different experience. People can decide not to look at photos of their
friends and family even if they click “like” or even “love” under the Facebook selfie.
A. That was the old way of “clicking” like.
B. They came up with some surprising answers.
C. Different people have different opinions about it.
D. Such people think very highly of themselves, especially how they look.
E. Both cameras and phones are useful tools to record people’s experiences.
F. There are other reasons, besides admiring themselves, why people post selfies.
G. But men desire to be seen as popular more than women when posting selfies.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. F 19. G 20. A
【解析】
本文是说明文。介绍了一些研究，关于人们为什么会迷恋自拍并且把它们放到社交网站上。
【16 题详解】
上文“Researchers at Syracuse University in New York tried to answer that question.（纽约锡拉
丘兹大学的研究人员试图回答这个问题。）”说明下文将会是研究人员的解释，下文“People
who post selfies and use editing software to make themselves look better show behavior connected
to admiring themselves too much, the Syracuse researchers said.（锡拉丘兹大学的研究人员表
示，那些上传自拍照并使用编辑软件美化自己的人，表现出的行为与过于自我欣赏有关。）”
是研究人员给出的结果，B 项“They came up with some surprising answers.（他们给出了一些
令人吃惊的答案）”承上启下，故选 B。
【17 题详解】
上文说到，那些上传自拍照并使用编辑软件美化自己的人，表现出的行为与过于自我欣赏有
关，D 项“Such people think very highly of themselves, especially how they look.（这些人对他
们自己——尤其是外表——评价很高。）”与上文意思相衔接，故选 D 项。
【18 题详解】
下文“People who post group selfies show a need for popularity and a need to belong to a group,
the Syracuse University research found.（锡拉丘兹大学的研究发现，人们发布集体自拍表明他
们需要受欢迎和属于一个群体。）”说明了人们在社交网站晒自拍的另一个原因，F 项“There
are other reasons, besides admiring themselves, why people post selfies.（除了自我欣赏，人们晒
自拍还有其他原因。）”放在本段开头，承接下文，起到过渡作用，故选 F 项。
【19 题详解】
上文“Other findings from the study include: There are no major differences on how often men
and women post selfies and how often they use editing software.（该研究的其他发现包括:男性
和女性发布自拍的频率以及他们使用编辑软件的频率没有太大差别。）”说明男性和女性在对
待自拍上的相同之处，G 项“But men desire to be seen as popular more than women when
posting selfies.（但在发布自拍时，男性希望比女性更受欢迎。）”讲了不同点，与上文相衔接，
故选 G 项。
【20 题详解】
上文“Before social media, people would bring back photos to show friends and family. You had
no choice but to look at them. If you are a nice person, you commented about how nice everyone
in the photos looked, especially children and the person showing the photos.（在社交媒体出现之
前，人们会带回照片给朋友和家人看。你别无选择，只能看着它们。如果你是个好人，你会
说照片里的每个人看起来都很好，尤其是孩子和展示照片的人。）”讲述了以前人们在他人展
示照片时表达认可和夸赞的方式，A 项“That was the old way of “clicking” like.（这是老式的
点赞方式）”是对前文的总结，故选 A 项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 完形填空 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入
空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
I’ve been answering calls on Mind’s Infoline for two years. Since the pandemic(疫情) began
we’ve been busier than ever. The ___21___ of calls we’ve been getting are from people who are
extremely ___22___. It’s been such a hard time for people ___23___ at home, and that
isolation(隔离) can lead to ___24___ thoughts and over-thinking, and that can rise ___25___ the
weeks go on. The calls are more ___26___ than ever before – we’ve all had people on the phone
crying due to loneliness. These kinds of calls were at their ___27___ during the nationwide
lockdown in spring.
Most of the calls we ___28___ now are from people who don’t really know what they’re
___29___, and that’s fine. They want someone to talk to, and someone who can give them options
and the hope___30___they won’t always feel like this.
There are lots of ways we try to help the people we talk to. Firstly, we want to provide a
considerate ___31___, but we also want to give people ___32___ advice and options. At the
moment we’ve been focusing a lot on different types of self-care and talking through each caller’s
situation and needs and what kind of things might ___33___ for them. Tips for anxiety often
___34___mindfulness, yoga, relaxation, breathing exercises and so on.
Lots of people are looking for services, particularly consulting, so we help them find what
options are ___35___ in their local area.
21. A. minority B. majority C. variety D. quantity
22. A. alone B. lonely C. upset D.
depressed
23. A. lost B. deserted C. stuck D. forgot
24. A. positive B. active C. negative D. passive
25. A. since B. for C. as D. after
26. A. terrible B. awesome C. crazy D.
emotional
27. A. peak B. service C. control D.
command
28. A. receive B. accept C. send D. transfer
29. A. looking after B. looking at C. looking for D. looking
up
30. A. which B. that C. where D. why
31. A. eye B. head C. hand D. ear
32. A. practical B. unique C. particular D.
extraordinary
33. A. maintain B. work C. act D. continue
34. A. include B. contain C. exclude D.
conclude
35. A. convenient B. powerful C. enough D.
available
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. A 29. C
30. B 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己作为接线员在疫情期间遇到的各种情况，以及她是如何应
对的。
【21 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们接到的大多数电话都是来自极度孤独的人。A. minority 少数；
B. majority 多数；C. variety 多样化；D. quantity 数量。前文说“Since the pandemic began we’ve
been busier than ever.（自从疫情开始以来，我们比以往任何时候都忙碌）”，可知，此处要
解释导致“我们”忙碌的主要电话内容是什么。故选 B 项。
【22 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们接到的大多数电话都是来自极度孤独的人。A. alone 独自
的，单独的；B. lonely 孤独的，寂寞的；C. upset 心烦的；D. depressed 沮丧的。根据第 6 空
后的“we’ve all had people on the phone crying due to loneliness.（我们都遇到过因为孤独而在
电话中哭泣的人。）”可知，此处指人们由于疫情期间独自在家隔离而导致非常孤独才打电话
倾诉。故选 B 项。
【23 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于被困在家里的人来说，这是一段艰难的时期，这种孤立会
导致消极想法和过度思考，而且随着时间的推移，这种想法会越来越多。A. lost 迷失的；B.
deserted 荒芜的，被遗弃的；C. stuck 被困住的；D. forgot 忘记。根据后文的“isolation(隔离)”
可知，被隔离在家的人们相当于被困在了家里。故选 C 项。
【24 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于被困在家里的人来说，这是一段艰难的时期，这种孤立会
导致消极想法和过度思考，而且随着时间的推移，这种想法会越来越多。A. positive 积极的；
B. active 活跃的；C. negative 消极的；D. passive 被动的。根据第 2 空后的“It’s been such a hard
time for people（这段时间对人们来说太难熬了）”可推断，在这段难熬的时间里人们会产生
消极的思想。故选 C 项。
【25 题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：对于被困在家里的人来说，这是一段艰难的时期，这种孤立会导
致消极想法和过度思考，而且随着时间的推移，这种想法会越来越多。A. since 自从；B. for
为了，持续；C. as 随着；D. after 在……之后。根据句意，“消极的思想和过度思考”这种现
象的增加（rise）是伴随着时间的继续（go on）而发生的，所以应选 as 作连词引导时间状语
从句，故选 C 项。
【26 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些电话比以往任何时候都更加情绪化——我们都遇到过因为
孤独而在电话中哭泣的人。A. terrible 可怕的；B. awesome 可怕的；C. crazy 疯狂的；D.
emotional 情绪化的。根据后文“we’ve all had people on the phone crying due to loneliness.（我
们都遇到过因为孤独而在电话中哭泣的人。）”可知，“孤独”属于一种情绪，是这种情绪让人
们去打电话倾诉，所以此时作者接到的电话会比以前更加的情绪化。故选 D 项。
【27 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这类电话在春季全国封锁期间达到高峰。A. peak 顶点；B. service
服务；C. control 控制；D. command 命令。根据空后的“during the nationwide lockdown in spring
（在春季全国封锁期间）”可推断，在那段时间里，人们的情绪非常糟糕，由此导致的电话
数量也必然是最多的，即达到了顶峰。故选 A 项。
【28 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们现在接到的大多数电话都是来自那些不知道自己在找什么的
人，这没什么。A. receive 收到；B. accept 接受；C. send 发送；D. transfer 转化，转让。根
据文章第一句“I’ve been answering calls on Mind’s Infoline for two years.（这两年我一直在
Mind’s Infoline 接听电话。）”可知，作者的工作是接听电话，所以此处应填 receive。故选 A
项。
【29 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们现在接到的大多数电话都是来自那些不知道自己在找什么的
人，这没什么。A. looking after 照顾；B. looking at 看；C. looking for 寻找；D. looking up 查
找。根据后文“They want someone to talk to, and someone who can give them options（她们希
望有人可以倾诉，有人可以给她们选择的机会）”可知那些人并不知道自己在“寻求”什么，
所以才希望有人可以给他们提供选择的机会。故选 C 项。
【30 题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：她们希望有人可以倾诉，有人可以给她们选择的机会和希望，从
而使她们可以不总是有这种感觉。A.which 哪个；B.that 以至于，(表示目的）为了；C.where
哪里；D.why......的原因。根据句意可知，设空处需填入一个表目的的连词来引导目的状语
从句。故选 B 项。
【31 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，我们想提供一个体贴的耳朵，但我们也想给人们实际的建
议和选择。A. eye 眼睛；B. head 头脑；C. hand 手；D. ear 耳朵。根据前文可知，作者的工
作是接线员，所以他们首先就是用耳朵来倾听人们的心声。故选 D 项。
【32 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先，我们想提供一个体贴的耳朵，但我们也想给人们实际的
建议和选择。A. practical 实用性的；B. unique 独特的；C. particular 特别的；D. extraordinary
非凡的。根据第 14 空后的“mindfulness, yoga, relaxation, breathing exercises and so on（正念、
瑜伽、放松、呼吸练习等等）”可知，作者给人们的建议都是非常实用的。故选 A 项。
【33 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：目前，我们一直非常专注于不同类型的自我护理，并讨论每个来
电者的情况和需求，以及哪种方法可能适合他们。A. maintain 维持；B. work 有效果，起作
用；C. act 行动；D. continue 继续。根据“At the moment we’ve been focusing a lot on different
types of self-care and talking through each caller’s situation and needs and what kind of things”可
知，作者和他的同事们都在专注于寻找对缓解人们焦虑情绪有效果的事情和方法。故选 B
项。
【34 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：治疗焦虑的技巧通常包括正念、瑜伽、放松、呼吸练习等等。A.
include 包括；B. contain 包含，容纳；C. exclude 排除；D. conclude 推断。根据常识，“正念、
瑜伽、放松、呼吸练习等等”都属于可以缓解焦虑的技巧。contain 侧重“内有”，即里面包
括哪些内容；include 侧重宾语所述的人或物是整体的一部分。故选 A 项。
【35 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很多人都在寻找服务，特别是咨询，所以我们帮助他们找到他
们所在地区的可找到的选择。A. convenient 方便的；B. powerful 强有力的；C. enough 足够
的；D. available 可获得的，可找到的。根据空前“so we help them find what options”和空后
的地点状语“in their local area（在他们当地）”可知，作者帮人们寻找在他们的居住地可以获
得的服务和咨询。故选 D 项。
第二节 短文填空 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Before discovering electricity, people relied on fire as a source of light. It was a troublesome
business _____36_____ fires can lead to disaster. Making fire dependable was so difficult that
lights on moving vehicles were_____37_____ (hard) ever considered.
The early trains_____38_____ (travel) only during the day. The tracks were too dangerous
during dark nights, and passengers also wanted to see_____39_____ they were traveling anyway.
In the late 1830s, railroad traffic became so heavy that freight trains(货运火车) had to put off
passenger trains. _____40_____ (avoid) these put-offs, railroads started running freight trains at
night. Horatio Allen’s 1831 _____41_____ (invent), the “Track illuminator(照明器),” was
suddenly in demand. It was a pile of special wood_____42_____ (burn) in an iron grate that sat in
a box of sand on a platform car, which was pushed ahead_____43_____ the train. The illuminator
did not cast much light, but it warned of an approaching train.
In 1851, the first_____44_____ (electricity) headlamp was developed. Russia ran the first
train ______45______ was equipped with a battery-powered one.
【答案】36. because/as/since/for
37. hardly 38. travelled
39. where 40. To avoid
41. invention
42. burning
43. of 44. electric
45. that
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了火车上的轨道照明器使得火车能够在夜间航行，也能提醒
行人有列车通过。
【36 题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：这是件麻烦的事，因为火会导致灾难。引导原因状语从句，表示“因
为”可用 because/as/since/for 引导。故填 because/as/since/for。
【37 题详解】
考查副词。句意：要使火变得可靠是如此困难，以至于人们几乎从未考虑过移动车辆上的灯
光。修饰后文动词 consider 应用副词，且结合句意表示“几乎不”应用 hardly。故填 hardly。
【38 题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：早期的火车只在白天行驶。根据语境，描述过去发生的事情应用一般
过去时。故填 travelled。
【39 题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：在黑夜里，铁轨太危险了，乘客们也想看看他们到底要去哪里。此处
为宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，应用 where 引导该从句。故填 where。
【40 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了避免这些延误，铁路开始在夜间运行货运列车。分析句子结构，
可知 avoid 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用不定式。句首单词首字母要
大写。故填 To avoid。
【41 题详解】
考查名词。句意： Horatio Allen 1831 年的发明“轨道照明器”突然间大受欢迎。根据上文
名词所有格 Horatio Allen’s 可知应填名词 invention，结合后文 was 可知应填单数。故填
invention。
【42 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：那是一堆特殊的木头，在一个铁格栅里燃烧着，铁格栅放在站台车
厢的一箱沙子里，被推到火车前面。分析句子结构，可知 burn 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，
与逻辑主语 wood 构成主动关系，应用现在分词作定语。故填 burning。
【43 题详解】
考查介词。句意：那是一堆特殊的木头，在一个铁格栅里燃烧着，铁格栅放在站台车厢的一
箱沙子里，被推到火车前面。结合句意表示“推到……前面”短语为 push ahead of。故填
of。
【44 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：1851 年，发明了第一个电动头灯。修饰后文名词 headlamp，应用形容
词 electric，作定语。故填 electric。
【45 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：俄罗斯运行了第一列配备电池驱动的列车。此处为定语从句修饰先行
词 train，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，且由序数词 the first 修饰，只能用关系代词 that 引
导。故填 that。
第四部分 书面表达 (共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 应用文写作 (满分 15 分)
46. 假如你是李华，你的笔友 Mike 对中国的春节很感兴趣，请你给他写一封回信，介绍相
关情况，内容如下：
1. 春节的意义；
2. 春节期间的传统习俗；
3. 欢迎 Mike 来中国体验。
注意：1. 字数 80 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mike,
I am very glad to know you are interested in the Spring Festival of China.
The Spring Festival is to Chinese people what Christmas is to you. It falls on the first day of
lunar new year. Most of us will try our best to return home for a family reunion. On the New Year
Eve, we will enjoy different kinds of food, especially Jiaozi and Tangyuan, meaning good luck.
Besides, we will appreciate beautiful fireworks.
I sincerely invite you to join us this year. I’m sure you will have an unforgettable experience.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给笔友 Mike 写封信，给他介绍中国的春节。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1. 春节的意义；
2. 春节期间的传统习俗；
3. 欢迎 Mike 来中国体验。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
be interested in; the Spring Festival; fall on; try one’s best to do sth.; family reunion; different
kinds of; appreciate; invite sb. to do sth.; unforgettable
第三步：连词成句
1. I am very glad to know you are interested in the Spring Festival of China.
2. The Spring Festival is to Chinese people what Christmas is to you.
3. It falls on the first day of lunar new year.
4. Most of us will try our best to return home for a family reunion.
5. On the New Year Eve, we will enjoy different kinds of food, especially Jiaozi and Tangyuan,
meaning good luck.
6. Besides, we will appreciate beautiful fireworks.
7. I sincerely invite you to join us this year.
8. I’m sure you will have an unforgettable experience.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
表并列补充关系：Besides
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型 1] On the New Year Eve, we will enjoy different kinds of food, especially
Jiaozi and Tangyuan, meaning good luck. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型 2] I’m sure you will have an unforgettable experience. (运用了省略关系词的宾语从
句)
第二节 读后续写 (满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
One spring morning many years ago, I had been searching for gold along Coho Creek on
southeastern Alaska’s Kuprean of Island, and as I emerged from a forest of spruce(云杉) and
hemlock tree, I froze in my tracks. No more than 20 paces in the bog(沼泽) was a huge Alaskan
timber wolf - caught in one of Trapper George’s traps.
Old George had died the previous week of a heart attack, so the wolf was lucky. Confused
and frightened at my approach, the wolf backed away. Then I noticed something else: It was a
female, and her teats were full of milk. Somewhere there was a den of hungry pups (小狼) waiting
for their mother.
From her appearance, I guessed that she had been trapped only a few days. That meant her
pups were probably still alive. But I suspected that if I tried to release the wolf, she would turn
aggressive and try to tear me to pieces.
So I decided to search for her pups instead and began to look for tracks that might lead me to
her den. Fortunately, there were still a few remaining of snow. After several moments, I spotted
pups’ marks on a trail.
The tracks led a half mile through the forest, then up a slope covered with many rocks. I
finally spotted the den at the base of an enormous spruce, There wasn’t a sound inside. Wolf pups
are shy and cautious, and I didn’t have much hope of inviting them outside, But I had to try. So I
began imitating the high-pitched(声音很尖锐的) sound of a mother wolf calling her young. No
response. A few moments later, after I tried another call, four tiny pups appeared. They couldn’t
have been more than a few weeks old.
注意:
1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
I extended my hands.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
With her young to protect, she was becoming aggressive.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________
【答案】【参考范文】
I extended my hands. They tentatively sucked at my fingers. Perhaps hunger had helped
overcome their natural fear. Then one by one, I placed them in a fur bag and headed back down
the slope. When the mother wolf spotted me, she stood up right. Possibly picking up the smell of
her young, she let out a high-pitched, plaintive whine. I released the pups, and they raced to her.
Within seconds, they were sucking at her belly.
With her young to protect, she was becoming aggressive. What next? I wondered. So tender
were the pups that it was impossible for them to survive without mother’s protection. Hence, I had
to release her. I fetched an iron bar. Using a rock as the supporting point I unlocked the chain.
After gaining freedom, she howled at me with her head low showing gratitude. Watching the
mother and her pups disappear in the forest, I let out a sigh of relief.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述作者在多年前的一个春天的早上，在沿着 Coho Creek 淘金的时
候，遇到了一只被困在猎人陷阱里的还在哺乳期的母狼，于是循着踪迹找到幼崽并把幼崽送
到被困的母狼身边的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我伸开双手。”可知，第一段可描写作者把小狼送回母狼身边的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“身边有了要保护的幼崽，它开始变得有攻击性。”可知，第二段可描
写作者把小狼带到母狼身边之后的场景，作者犹豫是否要救它们出陷阱，以及最后的结果。
2.续写线索：唤出——放回——救出——感谢——感受
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.放进：place…in…/put…in…
②.注 意 到：take notice of/pay attention to
③.释 放：release/free/liberate
情绪类
①.感谢：show gratitude/be grateful
②.放 松：feel relaxed/feel at ease
【点睛】
[高分句型 1]. Possibly picking up the smell of her young, she let out a high-pitched, plaintive
whine.（现在分词作状语）
[高分句型 2]. Watching the mother and her pups disappear in the forest, I let out a sigh of relief.
（现在分词作状语）
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