河西区 2020-2021 学年度第二学期高三年级总复习质量调查(三)
英语试卷
第Ⅰ卷(选择题，共 95 分)
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）
第一节：单项填空（共 l5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —Have you been wasting time on computer games again?
—_____. I’ve been studying a lot and I need a break.
A. No way B. Not really
C. I don’t agree D. I couldn’t agree more
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——你又浪费时间玩电脑游戏了吗？——不完全是。我一直在学习，需要
休息一下。A. No way 没门；B. Not really 不完全是；C. I don’t agree 我不同意；D. I couldn’t agree more 我完
全同意。根据句意和空后的 I’ve been studying a lot and I need a break.可知，第二个人不是一直在玩游戏。故
选 B。
2. The driver was at ___ loss when ____word came that he was forbidden to drive for speeding.
A. a; / B. a; the
C. the; the D. /; /
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：当他因为超速被禁止驾驶这样的消息来的时候，司机不知所措。固定搭配：at a
loss“困惑，不知所措”。句中 word 的意思是“消息”，此时 word 用作不可数名词，因此前面不加冠词。
故选 A。
3. The police had to________ force to enter the building because the criminal had locked the gate.
A. employ B. empty C. enlarge D. enlighten
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：警察不得不使用武力进入这个建筑物，因为那个罪犯锁上了大门。employ
使用，利用；empty 把……弄空；enlarge 扩大；enlighten 启发，教化。根据下文“罪犯锁上了大门”可推断，
警察不得不使用武力进入。故选 A。
【点睛】
4. The computers made by our company sell well,but several years ago no one could have imagined the role in the
market that they________.
A. has played B. were to play
C. had played D. played
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：我们公司生产的电脑卖得很好，但是几年前没有人能想象到它将在市场中扮演
的角色。were to do 是过去将来时，表示过去想象电脑将会起到的作用，前面的 imagine 决定了后面要跟一
个将要发生的动作。故选 B。
5. Look at this year's sales figures________ last year's；they're much better.
A. between B. from C. with D. against
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：看看今年的销售数字和去年的相比，它们好多了。A.between 在…中间，介于…
之间；B.from 从……起，始于；C.with 和；同；D.against 与……相比。根据“they’re much better”可知，
此处是指今年的销售数字和去年的相比。故选 D。
6. A dog’s eating habit requires regular training before it is ________ established.
A. properly B. widely
C. originally D. temporarily
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：在狗的饮食习惯被正确地建立之前，需要定期的训练。A. properly 正确地；
B. widely 广泛地；C. originally 最初；D. temporarily 临时地。狗的饮食习惯不可能是被“广泛地、最初地、
临时地”建立，故选 A。
7. In the Chinese market, many foreign brands, ________ their reputations over decades, are facing new challenges
due to COVID-19.
A. being developed B. developing
C. having developed D. developed
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国市场上，许多已经发展了其声誉超过几十年的外国品牌，正因
COVID-19 而面临新的挑战。句中有逗号分隔，没有连词，要用非谓语动词作定语；develop 与逻辑主语 brands
构成主谓关系，要用表示主动的现在分词，排除 A、D 项；根据 over decades 可推断，develop 的动作发生
在谓语动词 face 之前，要用现在分词的完成式，排除 B 项。故选 C。
8. Their team is so powerful that we have very________chance to win, but we will try our best.
A. thin B. light C. rare D. slim
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的球队实力很强，我们取胜的机会很小，但我们会尽力的。A. thin
瘦的；B. light 轻的；C. rare 稀有的；D. slim 微小的。根据“chance to win”可知，此处指“取胜的机会很
小”，故选 D。
9. If you don 't have a guide,you________ lose your way.
A. must B. dare C. should D. could
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：如果你没有向导，你会迷路的。A. nust 必须；B. dare 敢；C. should
应该；D. could 能，可以，可能。由语意可知，没有导游的话你就可能迷路，另一层含义就是也有可能不会
迷路，因此要使用情态动词表推测的这一用法。故选 D 项。
10. —Sorry, I have to________ now. It 's time for class.
—OK. it'll call back later.
A. give up B. hang up C. hold up D. break up
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——很抱歉我要挂电话了，上课时间到了。——好的，一会我再打回
去。A. give up 放弃；B. hang up 挂断电话；C.hold up 坚持住； D. break up 解散。根据回答当中的 call back
可知双方是在通电话，所以选择与打电话有关的词语。故选 B。
11. —Lydia, what did our head-teacher say just now?
—Every boy and every girl as well as the teachers who _____ to lead the group _____ asked to be at the
school gate before 6:30 in the morning.
A. is; is B. are; are C. are; is D. is; are
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查主谓一致。——莉迪亚，我们班主任刚才说什么了?——要求每个男孩和女孩以及带队的老师
在早上六点半以前到校门口。第一空是定语从句中的谓语动词，这个定语从句的先行词是 the teachers，所
以谓语动词使用复数形式。第二空是主句的谓语动词，句子的主语是 Every boy and every girl，所以谓语动
词使用单数形式。因为 every/each/no+单数名词+ every/each/no 做主语的时候，谓语动词使用单数形式。故 C
正确。
12. Though it is 5 years________ he retired from his work place, the old professor remains active in the academic
circles.
A. when B. that C. before D. since
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查固定句型和连词辨析。句意：虽然自从他退休已经 5 年了，但这位老教授在学术界仍然很活
跃。A. when 当；B. that 那个，连词；C. before 在......之前；D. since 自从。“ It is+一段时间+since+一般过
去时”是固定句型，表示“自从……以来多长时间”，根据句意，故选 D。
【点睛】
13. It is generally agreed that new contents should be added to a good dictionary at regular________.
A. gaps B. intervals C. length D. distance
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一本好词典应该定期添加新内容，这是大家一致同意的。A. gap 缺口；
裂缝；间隔期；B. intervals（时间上的）间隔；C. length 长度；D. distance 距离。结合语境可知，“new contents”
应是指随着时代发展而出现的“新词”，随时会出现，因此应及时定期更新词典内容。“at intervals”，固
定短语，意为“每隔一段时间”，符合语境搭配。故选 B 项。
14. Swimming is good for teenagers, ________ some experts say will help them to stimulate their potential and
promote their brain development.
A. which B. why C. Whom D. what
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：游泳对青少年有好处，一些专家说，这将帮助他们激发潜能，促
进他们的大脑发展。分析句子成分可知，“________ some experts say will help them to….”为非限制性定语
从句，修饰整个主句“Swimming is good for teenagers(游泳对青少年有好处)”，所设空处可译为“这件事/
这一点”，并在该句中充当宾语从句中的主语，故应用 which，故选 A。
15. One of the proudest moments in my life is ________ I was rewarded for my courage after saving a drowning
child.
A. that B. when C. what D. which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查连接词。句意：我一生中最值得骄傲的时刻之一，是在救了一个溺水儿童后，我的勇气得到
了回报。本句为表语从句，从句中缺少时间状语，故用 when 引导。故选 B。
第二节：完形填空(共 20 小题：每小题 1.5 分,满分 30 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意,然后从 16-35 题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项.
As she pulled herself over the summit of EI Capitan, Emily Harrington knew she had made history.
It wasn't ____16____.The US climber had powered on through the dark and dealt with a deep cut to her head
to become the first woman to free ____17____ the difficult route in under 24 hours."
"I'd just____18____ what it would be like and it was pretty much exactly what l pictured, “Harrington said
excitedly.
"It was incredibly quiet. It was super ____19____.All the stars were out. It was just this really peaceful
experience. I keep telling people that when great sporting____20____ happen, a lot of times there's an____21____
or there's a stadium. With climbing, it’s not so much like that. It was just this really____22____ special moment in
this magical place. And it’s something I'll never____23____."
Free climbers use just their hands and feet to climb, with a rope to____24____ them if they fall. Such a
dangerous and_____25_____ life-threatening_____26_____ requires years of preparation, both mentally and
physically.
Harrington had climbed this particular_____27_____ over the course of six days in 2015 and had,
_____28_____ tried three times to complete it within 24 hours.
However an attempt last year ended in_____29_____ after Harrington, fell 50 feet, hit her head on a ledge (岩
架), and_____30_____ concussion (脑震荡).
"It was very_____31_____. It was very serious initially and it_____32_____ that I got really lucky and I did
not suffer any long-term_____33_____，”she added.
"I's definitely a mental struggle, coming over that hurdle, coming back into this year and_____34_____
again." Finally she_____35_____ it.
16. A. crazy B. easy C. skeptical D. casual
17. A. climb B. run C. cycle D. walk
18. A. studied B. planned C. scheduled D. imagined
19. A. cheerful B. exciting C. dark D. fearful
20. A. improvements B. achievements C. surroundings D. reports
21. A. actor B. organizer C. official D. audience
22. A. quiet B. calm C. silent D. still
23. A. predict B. discover C. experience D. forget
24. A. throw B. fetch C. catch D. move
25. A. consequently B. potentially C. hardly D. finally
26. A. challenge B. obstacle C. trouble D. barrier
27. A. route B. corner C. rock D. road
28. A. frequently B. subsequently C. smoothly D. rarely
29. A. sadness B. doubt C. disaster D. anxiety
30. A. obtained B. acquired C. affected D. suffered
31. A. scary B. disappointed C. active D. funny
32. A. figured out B. found out C. turned out D. brought out
33. A. failures B. wounds C. damages D. injuries
34. A. defeating B. trying C. exploring D. competing
35. A. abandoned B. missed C. made D. controlled
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. C 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26.
A 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了 Harrington 成功攀顶 EI Capitan，成为在 24 小时内自由攀爬
这条艰难路线的第一位女性。
【16 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这并不容易。A. crazy 疯狂的；B. easy 容易的；C. skeptical 怀疑的；D. casual
偶然的。根据“The US climber had powered on through the dark and dealt with a deep cut to her head”可知，攀
登 EI Capitan 的顶峰并不是一件容易的事。故选 B。
【17 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位美国登山者在黑暗中前行，头部带着一道深深的伤口，成为了 24 小时内第
一个自由攀登这条艰难路线的女性。”A. climb 爬，攀登；B. run 跑；C. cycle 骑自行车；D. walk 步行。根
据下文“Harrington had climbed this particular____12____ over the course of six days in 2015”可知，此处是攀
登，故选 A。
【18 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈林顿兴奋地说：“我只是想象了一下那会是什么样子，和我想象的差不多。”A.
studied 学习；B. planned 计划；C. scheduled 安排；D. imagined 想象。同本句中的“pictured”的同义，都是
想象，故选 D。
【19 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当时超级黑。A. cheerful 愉快的；B. exciting 令人兴奋的；C. dark 黑暗的；D.
fearful 可怕的。根据下文“All the stars were out.”可知，是晚上，故选 C。
【20 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直告诉人们，当伟大的体育成就发生时，很多时候会有观众或体育场。A.
improvements 提高；B. achievements 成就；C. surroundings 环境；D. reports 报道。根据语境及“great”可知，
此处指伟大的体育成就，故选 B。
【21 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. actor 演员；B. organizer 组织者；C. official 官员；D. audience 观众。根
据下文“there's a stadium”及语境可知，当伟大的体育成就发生时，应该有观众见证，故选 D。
【22 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只是在这个神奇的地方，一个非常安静特别的时刻。A. quiet 安静的；B. calm
镇静的；C. silent 沉默的；D. still 静止的，不动的。根据上文“It was incredibly quiet.”和“With climbing, it’s
not so much like that.”可知，爬山取得成就，与体育的成就不同，山顶上没有其他人，所以此刻很安静，故
选 A。
【23 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我永远不会忘记的。A. predict 预测；B. discover 发现；C. experience 经历；
D. forget 忘记。根据上文“special moment in this magical place”可知，此处指永远不会忘记，故选 D。
【24 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：自由攀登者仅用手和脚攀爬，如果他们坠落，还有一根绳子接住他们。A. throw
扔；B. fetch 取来；C. catch 抓住；D. move 移动。根据本句中的“a rope”和“if they fall”可知，此处如果
他们掉下去，用绳子“抓住”他们，故选 C。
【25 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这样一个危险的、可能危及生命的挑战需要多年的心理和身体上的准备。A.
consequently 因此，结果；B. potentially 潜在地，可能，地；C. hardly 几乎不；D. finally 最后。根据“dangerous”
可知，自由攀登非常危险，可能对生命有威胁，故选 B。
【26 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. challenge 挑战；B. obstacle 障碍；C. trouble 麻烦；D. barrier 障碍。根据
“life-threatening”和“requires years of preparation”可知，自由攀登是一项挑战，故选 A。
【27 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2015 年，哈林顿花了六天时间爬上了这条路线，后来又尝试了三次，想在 24 小
时内完成。A. route 路线；B. corner 角落；C. rock 岩石；D. road 马路。根据上文“to become the first woman
to free ____2____ the difficult route in under 24 hours.”可知，此处指攀登这条路线，故选 A。
【28 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. frequently 经常；B. subsequently 随后；C. smoothly 顺利地；D. rarely 很
少。根据前后可知，此处是时间上的先后关系，故选 B。
【29 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，去年的一次尝试却以灾难告终，哈林顿从 50 英尺的高空坠落，头部撞在
了壁架上，造成脑震荡。A. sadness 悲伤；B. doubt 怀疑；C. disaster 灾难；D. anxiety 焦虑。根据下文“fell
50 feet, hit her head on a ledge(岩架), and____15____ concussion (脑震荡)”可知，去年的尝试以灾难告终，故
选 C。
【30 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. obtained 获得；B. acquired 取得；C. affected 影响；D. suffered 遭受，患
病根据上文“fell 50 feet, hit her head on a ledge (岩架)”可知，此处是患上脑震荡。故选 D。
【31 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：太可怕了。A. scary 可怕的；B. disappointed 失望的；C. active 活跃的；D. funny
有趣的。根据上文“fell 50 feet, hit her head on a ledge (岩架), and____15____ concussion (脑震荡) ”和下文
“It was very serious initially”可知，此处是可怕的，故选 A。
【32 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一开始我的伤势很严重，后来发现我真的很幸运，没有遭受任何长期的伤害。”A.
figured out 想出；B. found out 查明；C. turned out 最后是；D. brought out 生产。根据上文“It was very serious
initially”可知，最后是幸运的，故选 C。
【33 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. failures 失败；B. wounds 伤口；C. damages 损坏；D. injuries 伤痛。根据
上文“fell 50 feet, hit her head on a ledge (岩架), and____15____ concussion (脑震荡)”和“It was very serious
initially”可知，此处是没遭受长期的损伤，injury 常指意外事故造成的损伤，故选 D。
【34 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这绝对是一种心理斗争，要跨过这个障碍，回到今年再试一次。A. defeating 击
败；B. trying 尝试；C. exploring 探索；D. competing 竞争。根据下文的“again”可知，此处是再一次尝试，
故选 B。
【35 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她终于做到了。A. abandoned 放弃；B. missed 错过；C. made 使成功；D. controlled
控制。根据前文可知，她最后成功登上了 EI Capitan，“make it”意为“成功做到”故选 C。
第二部分：阅读理解(共 20 小题：每小题 2.5 分，满分 50 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、 C、 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Prom tradition comes to UK
Proms (正式舞会) are big news in Britain these days. A school prom is a formal party to celebrate an
important date at school such as the end of secondary school or after completing school exams. A secondary school
prom often involves a big party, big dresses and huge cars.
Prom parties
Proms are held in June or July, around the end of exam time. The idea is to lave fin with your school friends
and celebrate your time and achievements at school. Some schools hold a luxury party in a five-star hotel. Others
have a more basic dinner in the school hall. The school can organize the prom or they can pay a professional
organization to arrange it. A prom organizer provides everything for the special event including the party location,
balloons, food, music, cars and clothes.
Clothes and beauty
Young people like to dress up for their prom. On prom night girls swap their school uniform for an elegant
evening dress and high heels. Boys usually dress up in a suit with a tie and smart shoes. The right hairstyle and
makeup are important too. Some beauty salons offer a special “prom deal” which includes hair, makeup, eyelashes,
nails and a spray tan (喷雾染肤色). A tan is fashionable with both boys and girls.
Money
The school prom is big business; the average prom costs parents over￡200 per teenager. Not all families have
money to spend on their teenager's prom, of course. Some teenagers work part-tine to cover their prom expenses.
Popular jobs include babysitting,shop work and working as a waiter or waitress.
An American tradition
Not long ago most British schools didn't have school proms. They probably had a simple school disco at the
end of term. Now, more than 85 percent of schools in Britain have a prom. However, the modern British school
prom is not popular with some parents of teenagers. Many adults see the prom as an import from the USA. They
say that American TV programs and films such as High School Musial have a big influence on their kids.
36. What do we know about proms?
A. Proms are casual parties for close friends.
B. Proms are held to celebrate the beginning of a new term.
C. Proms can be held in different places.
D. Proms are usually organized by students' parents.
37. How do students usually dress up for proms?
A. They wear school uniforms.
B. They wear strange clothes with heavy makeup.
C. They dress up in casual clothes with light makeup.
D. They dress up formally with the right hairstyle.
38. Why do some teenagers work par-time before the proms?
A. To experience the working environment.
B. To pay for prom expenses.
C. To help cover their families' expenses.
D. To support businesses that organized their proms.
39. Why do some parents of British teenagers dislike modern British school proms according to the last paragraph?
A. Proms are too expensive for them.
B. Proms have replaced the school disco.
C. Proms were taken from American culture.
D. Proms influence their kids' learning.
【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现在青少年比较重视的毕业舞会以及毕业舞会学生们都会准
备什么东西。
【36 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Prom parties 中的“Some schools hold a luxury party in a five-star hotel. Others have a more
basic dinner in the school hall. (有些学校在五星级酒店举办豪华派对。其他人在学校礼堂吃更基本的晚餐。)”
可知，舞会可以在五星级酒店举办，也可以在学校礼堂举办，说明舞会可以在不同的地方举行。故选 C。
【37 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Clothes and beauty 中的“On prom night girls swap their school uniform for an elegant
evening dress and high heels. Boys usually dress up in a suit with a tie and smart shoes. The right hairstyle and
makeup are important too. (在毕业舞会之夜，女孩们脱掉校服，换上优雅的晚礼服和高跟鞋。男孩通常穿西
装，打领带，穿漂亮的鞋子。正确的发型和妆容也很重要。)”可知，学生们通常穿着正式，发型得体地去
参加毕业舞会。故选 D。
【38 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Money 中的“Some teenagers work part-tine to cover their prom expenses. (一些青少年兼职
工作来支付毕业舞会的费用。)”可知，一些青少年在毕业舞会前做兼职工作来支付舞会的费用。故选 B。
【39 题详解】
细节理解题。根据 An American tradition 中的“However, the modern British school prom is not popular with
some parents of teenagers. Many adults see the prom as an import from the USA. They say that American TV
programs and films such as High School Musial have a big influence on their kids. (然而，现代英国学校的舞会并
不受一些青少年家长的欢迎。许多成年人认为舞会是从美国进口的。他们说，美国电视节目和电影，如《歌
舞青春》对他们的孩子有很大的影响。)”可知，英国青少年的父母不喜欢现代英国学校的舞会，是因为舞
会是来自美国文化。故选 C。
B
While every dog owner knows their dogs can read their moods perfectly,scientists have always been a little
doubtful. Now thanks to some researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna, Austria, we finally
have some convincing evidence.
For their study. biologist Corson Miller and his team exposes eleven selected dogs to digital images of women
that were either angry or happy. Half the dogs were rewarded for touching the screen when shown a happy face,
while the other half got their treat for selecting those that appeared angry.
Interestingly,the dogs were not provided with the entire face. Some dogs were shown only upper halves while
the others observed lower halves. That's because the scientists believe humans show their emotions on their entire
face.
After some training like how to recognize small differences like the wrinkles between the eyes or the changes
in their shape that accompany the happy or angry expressions, the dogs were mostly able to identify the correct
expression not only on a familiar face but on a strange face. The researchers concluded the dogs were smart enough
to read human emotions.
They also found those being trained to read angry expressions took a longer time to learn. They guess it may
be because dogs find angry faces disgusting, causing them to withdraw quickly. However, once the smart dogs
realized they were getting rewarded, the trepidation seemed to disappear. In fact, the dogs had such a good time
playing the computer "game". That scientists had a hard time keeping them away from the touch screens after the
study was completed.
The researchers also noticed only dogs with a male owner had a harder time understanding the expressions
correctly. Since the touch-screen models were all females, this confirmed what has been observed in previous
studies dogs are more efficient at reading facial expressions of people that are the same gender as their owner.
40. How did the scientists conduct the experiment?
A. By leaving dogs to women who are either happy or angry.
B. By mixing the selected dogs together.
C. By rewarding only half of the dogs touching the screen
D. By showing digital pictures of women's happy or angry faces.
41. The underlined word "Trepidation" in Paragraph s probably means ________.
A. fear and hesitation
B. curiosity and eagerness
C. excitement and happiness
D. doubt and sadness
42. According to the last paragraph, dogs with female owners ________.
A. are fond of the male faces
B. are uninterested in telling the emotions on the entire faces
C. have difficulty telling the moods on the faces of males
D. can only recognize emotions of females
43. What is the best title for this passage?
A. Mood Changes Influence Dogs
B. Dogs Identify the Moods
C. Dogs and Their Owners
D. Dog's Mood Research
44. Where might this passage come from?
A. A science report.
B. A cooking book.
C. Children's story.
D. A travel journal.
【答案】40. D 41. A 42. C 43. B 44. A
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文。作者主要介绍了最新的实验发现，即狗能够识别人的面部表情的变化。
【40 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句话“For their study biologist Corson Miller and his team exposed eleven
selected dogs to digital images of women that were either angry or happy.( 为了他们的研究，生物学家科森·米
勒和他的团队向 11 只挑选出来的狗展示了要么愤怒要么快乐的女性的数字图像) ”可知，这次实验是通过
给那些狗看一些女士生气或高兴的图片来进行的。故选 D 项。
【41 题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上文“They guess it may be because dogs find angry faces disgusting, causing them to
back away quickly.(他们猜测，这可能是因为狗觉得愤怒的脸令人恶心，所以它们会迅速后退)”可知，生
气的面庞会使狗害怕而立刻远离，而划线单词所在句 “However”说明前后是转折关系，因此可推知划线
单词所在句“the trepidation seemed to disappear”表达狗不再害怕，即害怕或恐惧消失。因此“the
trepidation”可理解为选项 A 项“fear and hesitation(恐惧和犹豫)”的意思。故选 A 项。
【42 题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容“The researchers also noticed only dogs with a male owner had a harder
time understanding the expressions correctly. Since the touch-screen models were all females, this confirmed what
has been observed in previous studies dogs are more efficient at reading facial expressions of people that are the
same gender as their owner.(研究人员还注意到，只有男性主人的狗更难正确理解这些表达。由于触屏模型都
是女性，这证实了之前的研究所观察到的，狗能更有效地解读与主人性别相同的人的面部表情)”可知，狗
擅长识别与自己主人性别相同的人的表情，由此推断让主人是女性的狗来辨别男性面部表情的图片是比较
困难的。故选 C 项。
【43 题详解】
主旨大意题。文章结构为总分结构，第一段提出本文的中心话题。根据第一段内容“While every dog owner
knows their dogs can read their moods perfectly, scientists have always been a little doubtful. Now thanks to some
researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna, Austria, we finally have some convincing
evidence.(尽管每个狗的主人都知道他们的狗能很好地读懂他们的情绪，但科学家们一直有点怀疑。现在，
感谢奥地利维也纳兽医大学的一些研究人员，我们终于有了一些令人信服的证据)”以及下文的解释说明可
知，文章主要介绍了最新的实验发现，狗能够识别人的面部表情变化。因此推断选项 B“Dogs Identify the
Moods”合理概括了文章主题，可作最佳标题。故选 B 项。
【44 题详解】
推断判断题。第一段提出文章的主旨，即每个狗的主人都知道他们的狗能很好地读懂他们的情绪，但科学
家们一直有点怀疑。现在，有证据表明这是正确的，接着在下文证明了这一点。因此推断，文章可能来自
一份科学报告。故选 A 项。
C
After graduating as a graphic design major in 2018, Chen Minlin didn't hunt for a job that fits it, but became a
trekker (远足者).
“Completing different trekking routes is like collecting cards in childhood—a lot of fun,”the 24-year-old told
China Daily.
Like Chen, more young people are going on journeys to rediscover the simple and beneficial joys of walking.
According to Youxiake, a Hangzhou—based tour operator, more than 140,000 travelers signed up for trekking trips
from May I to Oct 31. This represents a 9.3 percent increase over the same period last year.
For most trekkers, exploring nature by foot can help them keep fit. Hiking or trekking in nature enables them
to breathe fresh air, gives the whole body a workout and keeps them away from the crowds in urban public places,
making for a tranquil experience.
“I felt hat exposure 10 nature and physical exhaustion helped me counteract the negative effects of my distress
(痛苦) at that time," Zhang Peng, 33, co-founder of Bejing Hiking Club, said.Trekking "is a liberating experience
to enjoy the tranquility. in the wilderness. And the exhausting climb makes me feel he vigor of life."
Trekking has, indeed, been integrated into his lifestyle. With great passion, Zhang has gone on many classic
routes across the country. The longest trail he's ever finished was 240 kilometers.
With poor internet access in the wild, it encourages people to chat and interact with one another on the long
walks along the rails. Zhang enjoys the social interaction, and the friendships it brings about.
For Liu Yanli, also a trekker, what she cherishes most is that the activity brings her mental strength.
Until this year, her life had always run smoothly and lacked hardship. She craved the sense of achievement
that can be felt after overcoming the difficulties offered by trekking.
Ever since 2013, she's trekked in may countries, including Nepal, Japan, Greece, New Zealand, Italy and
Jordan. In one situation, she fell she was at the point of collapsing, but she carried on. "I was impressed and moved
by my willpower. I'd never experienced that felling in my daily life,"Liu said.
It's perhaps this unusual felling that appeals to more youths.“Each tine when I came back from a trip, the
contrast between the harsh conditions in the wild and my cozy home helps to strengthen my happiness in everyday
life." Liu added.
45. Why is Chen Minlin's experience mentioned in the beginning of the text?
A. To suggest a different graduation celebration.
B. To recommend some popular trekking routes.
C. To show the popularity and appeal of trekking.
D. To inform the readers of the features of trekking.
46. What does the underlined word "counteract" in paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Get rid of. B. Think of.
C. Become aware of. D. Take advantage of.
47. What do paragraphs 4-11 talk about?
A. Opposite views toward trekking.
B. The importance of exploring nature.
C. The benefits of trekking.
D. A comparison of some people's trekking trips.
48. What about trekking that fascinates Liu Yanli most?
A. It allows her to meet different people.
B. It is a good way for her to release stress.
C. It enables her to stay in shape.
D. It gives her a strong sense of achievement.
49. What is the best title of this passage?
A. Hiking Club B. Outdoor children's games
C. Happiness in childhood D. Top motivations for hiking
【答案】45. C 46. A 47. C 48. D 49. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了远足的流行以及好处，以不同人物的经历和收获描述了远足给人
带来的益处。
【45 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“After graduating as a graphic design major in 2018, Chen Minlin didn't hunt for a job
that fits it, but became a trekker (远足者).（陈敏林(音译)2018 年从平面设计专业毕业后，并没有去找适合
自己的工作，而是成为了一名徒步旅行者）”，和第二段“Completing different trekking routes is like collecting
cards in childhood—a lot of fun,（完成不同的徒步路线就像小时候收集卡片一样有趣）”以及第三段中“Like
Chen, more young people are going on journeys to rediscover the simple and beneficial joys of walking.（和陈敏林
一样，越来越多的年轻人开始踏上旅途，重新发现步行的简单而有益的乐趣）”可知，文章用陈敏林的经
历来表现远足的流行以及吸引力。故选 C。
【46 题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上一段“For most trekkers, exploring nature by foot can help them keep fit. Hiking or trekking
in nature enables them to breathe fresh air, gives the whole body a workout and keeps them away from the crowds
in urban public places, making for a tranquil experience.（对大多数徒步旅行者来说，徒步探索大自然可以帮助
他们保持健康。在大自然中徒步旅行能让他们呼吸新鲜空气，锻炼全身，远离城市公共场所的人群，享受
一种宁静的体验）”可知，这里是接触大自然和体力衰竭可以让我免受痛苦的负面影响，即让我快乐，也
对应下面的 enjoy the tranquility，所以划线词的意思是“去除，除掉”。故选 A。
【47 题详解】
主旨大意题。第 4 段讲了远足的好处，第 5—7 段讲了张鹏的经历和收获，8—11 段讲了刘艳丽远足的收获。
可知 4—11 段讲了远足对不同人的好处。故选 C。
【48 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第八段“For Liu Yanli, also a trekker, what she cherishes most is that the activity brings her
mental strength.（对于同样是徒步旅行者的刘艳丽来说，她最珍惜的是活动给她带来了精神力量）”可知，她
觉得她最喜欢的远足带给她的是 mental strength，再根据下一段“Until this year, her life had always run
smoothly and lacked hardship. She craved the sense of achievement that can be felt after overcoming the
difficulties offered by trekking.（直到今年，她的生活一直很顺利，没有什么困难。她渴望克服徒步旅行所带
来的困难后所能获得的成就感）”可知，她渴求成就感。故选 D。
【49 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“It's perhaps this unusual felling that appeals to more youths.‘Each tine when I came
back from a trip, the contrast between the harsh conditions in the wild and my cozy home helps to strengthen my
happiness in everyday life.’Liu added.（也许正是这种不寻常的感觉吸引了更多的年轻人。“每次旅行回来，严
酷的野外环境和温馨的家之间的对比都有助于增强我日常生活中的幸福感。”刘补充道）”可知，文章讲述了
远足的流行以及好处，以不同人物的经历和收获描述了远足给人带来的益处。所以这篇文章的主题应该是
“徒步旅行的主要动机。”故选 D。
D
The most important lessons in life that we need to learn are the results of our poor decisions. Although time
and experience are the best teachers, we also suffer from experiences such as our sacrifices, suffering and the
hardships. Good judgment develops only when we truly learn from our mistakes. However, many people keep
repeating the same mistakes before learning their lessons because as they say, they are just humans who tend to
make mistakes.
Our weaknesses in life can be turned into our strengths if we immediately acknowledge and recognize the fact
that we mess up and learn from them. Our good or bad experiences help us learn better judgment in life. Yet, too
many people are in denial and place the blame on others without realizing that the minute they take responsibility
for their action is when the learning process begins. Aside from learning from our own experience, we can also
learn valuable lessons from the experience of others. It allows us to observe our behavior from another angle.When
we recognize our mistakes and prevent them from happening again, we are, therefore, learning.
Quickly identifying our mistakes and changing behavior accordingly requires less time and energy than
denying mistakes. However, acknowledgement of mistakes requires belief in the idea that the perfection is not
possible.
It is easier to analyze our mistakes especially when we talk to others, which can help people to sort out
comments or criticisms after a mistake is made. Despite our tendency to avoid mistakes, timely acknowledgement
is one of the best ways to prevent them from repeating.
50. According to the passage, why do many people keep making the same mistakes?
A. Because they are short of experience.
B. Because they don't lake their responsibility.
C. Because they don't learn from their mistakes.
D. Because they have the tendency to make mistakes.
51. What does the underlined words“in denial" mean in English?
A. Being eager to accept a statement.
B. Thinking about something carefully.
C. Studying about someone or something.
D. Refusing to believe something that is true.
52. Learning from the experience of others helps us ________.
A. have better judgment in life
B. recognize the results of mistakes
C. realize that mistakes are part of life
D. re-evaluate our behavior differently
53. What should we keep in mind to admit our mistakes?
A. Every man has his faults.
B. Mistakes are a great teacher.
C. Behind bad luck comes good luck.
D. As you make your bed, you must lie in it.
54. According to the author, how should we avoid repeating mistakes?
A. Think twice before acting.
B. Admit mistakes in time.
C. Learn carefully from others' comments.
D. Have a timely talk with others for advice.
55. The best title of the passage is ________.
A. learn wisdom from our mistakes
B. never be afraid of making mistakes
C. learn from others to see our mistakes
D. stop being ashamed of making mistakes
【答案】50. C 51. D 52. D 53. A 54. B 55. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了我们如何进步，告诫我们要勇于承认错误，善于从错误中汲取
教训并且学习总结。
【50 题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章首段“Good judgment develops only when we truly learn from our mistakes. However,
many people keep repeating the same mistakes before learning their lessons because as they say, they are just
humans who tend to make mistakes. (只有我们真正从错误中汲取教训，我们才能有更好的判断力。然而，很
多人一直犯同样的错误，然后才能汲取教训。正如他们所说，他们只是容易犯错的凡人)”可知，人们一直
犯同样的错误正是因为没有真正从过往的错误中汲取教训。故选 C 项。
【51 题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“Yet, too many people are in denial and place the blame on others without realizing that
the minute they take responsibility for their action is when the learning process begins.(但是，很多人 in denial 自
己犯错并且爱给别人甩锅。他们没有意识到从他们为自己的行为承担责任的那一刻起，进步的道路就开启
了)”中“and place the blame on others ”可知很多人不承认自己犯错。“in denial”意思是“拒绝相信正确
的东西。”故选 D 项。
【52 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Aside from learning from our own experience, we can also learn valuable lessons from
the experience of others. It allows us to observe our behavior from another angle. (除了从自我经历中总结，我们
也应当从他人的经历中学习。这让我们从另一个角度审视我们的行为)”可知，我们可以从他人的经历中总
结内省，重新评价自己的行为。故选 D 项。
【53 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“However, acknowledgement of mistakes requires belief in the idea that the perfection
is not possible.(然而，承认错误需要信奉这样一条理念：人无完人)”可知，追求完美，完全不犯错是不可能
的，即在承认我们的错误时，我们应该牢记“人无完人”。故选 A 项。
【54 题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Our weaknesses in life can be turned into our strengths if we immediately
acknowledge and recognize the fact that we mess up and learn from them.(我们的缺点可以变成优点，如果我们
立刻承认自己把事情搞砸了并且从中汲取教训)”可知，我们应当犯错之后立刻承认错误，汲取教训。故选
B 项。
【55 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Good judgment develops only when we truly learn from our mistakes.(我们只有真正
从错误中汲取教训，才能有优秀的判断力)”和第二段“When we recognize our mistakes and prevent them
from happening again, we are, therefore, learning.(我们只要承认错误，并且下次避免犯同样的错误，就会进
步)”可知，从错误中汲取教训，就会提升我们的智慧。“从错误中学习智慧”最适合作文章标题。故选 A
项。
第 II 卷(非选择题 共 35 分)
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分 35 分)
第一节 阅读表达(共 5 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)
阅读短文，并按题目要求用英语回答问题。
Many teenagers spend their lives studying, playing video games and hanging out with friends - but not Henry
Patterson, a teenage entrepreneur.
The 15-year-old boy from Bedfordshire, a county in the East of England; started his business journey at the
age of 9 when he launched his children's brand, Not Before Tea.
The lifestyle brand for young people is based on a storybook called The Adventures of Sherb and Pip, which is
about a mouse and an owl who run a sweets shop. Patterson began by selling sweets, but he soon brought all the
characters in the book to life—through products such as bags and soft toys. Today, the products are sold
internationally, and Patterson has just secured investment to grow the brand further. At 12, his business had earned
him 65,000 pounds(566,221 yuan).
In fact, Patterson's early school years were difficult, which he often described as "fire and ice". He didn't
conform to (与……一致) what his peers were like because he saw the world differently and was rarely invited to
parties or play dates. He also had a stammer (口吃), which made him feel even lonelier.
But these things didn't hold him back. To cheer himself up, Patterson gradually immersed himself in designing
different animals and writing interesting stories about them. His characters started to become popular. To battle his
slammer, he tried to articulate himself and even developed a love for public speaking, which eventually enabled
him to speak on important stages, such as at the National Retail Business Awards for Teenagers.
Storytelling has been a key element in Patterson's online business journey. Now at 15, Patterson wrote a
business book called Young and Mighty, which describes his search for success and happiness and also covers some
of the big issues that young people face: self-esteem, finding your voice, education and creativity.
He has also set up an online academy with the same name. It is for children aged 10 to 14,who are starting to
think about their future and what motivates them. He believes that passion is what drives people to achieve
extraordinary things. "If you don't have a passion for what you do or love what you do, then you won't succeed," he
said.
56. What is the lifestyle brand for young people based on? (no more than 15 words)
57. What happened to Patterson during his early school years? (no more than 10 words)
58. What does the underlined word “articulate" mean in English?(no more than 10 words)
59. How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?(no more than 10 words)
60. How do you find Patterson? What inspiration do you get from him? (no more than 25 words)
【答案】56. It is based on a storybook called The Adventures of Sherb and Pip.
57. He struggled to fit in at school.
Or：He tried to adapt himself to school life.
Or：Patterson's early school years were difficult.
58. Speak or state clearly.
Or：Express something in a way that is easy to understand.
59. Success cannot be achieved without passion.
60. He is creative and strong-willed. We shouldn't give up when facing difficulties and we should have a passion
for doing something well. (该题答案不唯一)
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了一个十几岁的创业者 Henry Patterson，他早期的学校生活很艰难，
且患有口吃，但这没有阻止他取得商业上的成功，他认为要取得成功，必须要热爱所做的事情。
【56 题详解】
考 查 细节 理 解 。 根 据第 三 段 中 “The lifestyle brand for young people is based on a storybook called The
Adventures of Sherb and Pip, which is about a mouse and an owl who run a sweets shop.(这个针对年轻人的生活
方式品牌是基于一本名为 The Adventures of Sherb and Pip 的故事书，该书讲述了一只老鼠和一只猫头鹰经营
一家糖果店的故事。)”可知，这个针对年轻人的生活方式品牌是基于一本名为 The Adventures of Sherb and
Pip 的故事书。故答案为 It is based on a storybook called The Adventures of Sherb and Pip.。
【57 题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段内容“In fact, Patterson's early school years were difficult, which he often described
as "fire and ice". He didn't conform to (与……一致) what his peers were like because he saw the world differently
and was rarely invited to parties or play dates. He also had a stammer (口吃),which made him feel even lonelier.(事
实上，Patterson 早期的学校生活很艰难，他经常把这描述为“火与冰”。他和同龄人不一样，因为他看世
界的方式不同，也很少被邀请参加聚会或玩耍约会。他还有口吃，这让他感到更加孤独。)”可知，Patterson
的早期学校生活很艰难，他努力让自己适应。故答案为 He struggled to fit in at school./He tried to adapt himself
to school life./Patterson's early school years were difficult.。
【58 题详解】
考查词义猜测。根据划线词前“To battle his slammer(为了克服口吃)”及划线词后“even developed a love for
public speaking, which eventually enabled him to speak on important stages(甚至爱上了公开演讲，这最终使他能
够在重要的舞台上演讲)”可推知，划线词所在句“he tried to articulate himself”意为“他努力让自己表达清
晰”，“articulate”意为“清晰地表达”。故答案为 Speak or state clearly./Express something in a way that is
easy to understand.。
【59 题详解】
考查句意理解。划线句“If you don't have a passion for what you do or love what you do, then you won't
succeed”意为“如果你对你所做的事情没有激情或热爱你所做的事情。那你就不会成功”，即没有热情就
不会取得成功。故答案为 Success cannot be achieved without passion.。
【60 题详解】
考查推理判断及开放题型。根据第五段中“To cheer himself up, Patterson gradually immersed himself in
designing different animals and writing interesting stories about them. His characters started to become popular.(为
了让自己振作起来，Patterson 逐渐沉浸在设计不同的动物和写关于它们的故事中，他的角色开始流行起
来。)”可知，Patterson 富有创造力，由本段中“To battle his slammer, he tried to articulate himself and even
developed a love for public speaking, which eventually enabled him to speak on important stages (为了克服口吃，
他努力清晰地表达自己，甚至养成了对公共演讲的热爱，这最终使他能够在重要的舞台上演讲)”可知，
Patterson 想方设法克服自己的缺点，有坚定的意志；第二个问题是“你从他的故事中得到什么启发？”是
开放性问题，答案合理即可，如结合第五段首句“But these things didn't hold him back.(但是这些事情没有阻
止他。)”及最后一段中“He believes that passion is what drives people to achieve extraordinary things.(他相信
热情是驱使人们取得非凡成就的动力。)”我们可以受到的启发是“面对困难时不要放弃，我们应该有把事
情做好的热情”等。故答案为 He is creative and strong-willed. We shouldn't give up when facing difficulties and
we should have a passion for doing something well.。
第二节：书面表达(满分 25 分)
61. 假定你是晨光中学的学生李律，你正在某国外中学作交换生，该校的“外国文化”栏目近期将介绍中国传
统文化，校报编辑 Jenny 给你写信，咨询你的意见。请你给 Jenny 写封回信，内容要点如下：
1.你认为最能代表中国文化的是什么?请说明理由；
2.我们应该如何更好地推广中国文化? (至少两点)
3.词数不少于 100.
【答案】Dear Jenny,
I am pleased to receive your letter. I'm so happy that the "Foreign Cultures" section in our newspaper will
recommend Chinese traditional culture.
There is no doubt that Confucius is the most representative symbol of Chinese culture. As a philosopher,
Confucius not only represents the traditional Chinese culture, but has been influencing us Chinese people since
ancient times. Nowadays we can find lots of Confucius institutes around the world, which provides precious
opportunities for the foreigners to learn about Chinese culture.
To promote Chinese culture, we are supposed to provide various cultural exchange activities. What's more,
establishing Confucius institutes all over the world is also a good idea. Meanwhile, attracting more foreign visitors
to China to experience Chinese culture will have a far-reaching impact.
I'll be glad if I could help you,
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Jin
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给所在某国外中学的校报编辑 Jenny 写封回信，介绍你对中国
文化和推广方式的看法。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
栏目：column→section
古代：old times→ancient times
建立：build→establish
影响：influence→impact
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Meanwhile, attracting more foreign visitors to China to experience Chinese culture will have a far-reaching
impact.
拓展句：Meanwhile, it will have a far-reaching impact if more foreign visitors are attracted to China to experience
Chinese culture.
【点睛】[高分句型 1] Nowadays we can find lots of Confucius institutes around the world, which provides
precious opportunities for the foreigners to learn about Chinese culture. (运用了 which 引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型 2] As a philosopher, Confucius not only represents the traditional Chinese culture, but has been
influencing us Chinese people since ancient times. (运用了 not only… but (also)…连接的并列句)
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