2021 届高三英语测试题
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题:每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Exercising regularly not only helps you keep slim, but also improves your overall health and well-being.
Different exercises produce different results, as they focus on alternate parts of the body.There are four broad
exercise categories: endurance, strength, flexibility, and balance. Many people often only focus on one exercise
type, but including all four in your workout will produce better results and reduce your risk of injury.
Endurance
Endurance exercises increase your breathing and heart rate. By doing endurance exercises, you are working to
keep your heart, lungs, and blood-flow system healthy while improving your total fitness.Over time these activities
will make everyday activities seem easier.
Strength
If you want to build up your muscles, then strength exercises, which are also known as "resistance training",
are right for you. Even the slightest increase in strength can make a huge difference in your ability to carry out
daily tasks. Developing strong muscles also reduces your risk of weak bones.
Flexibility
Flexibility exercises help stretch your body's muscles. This allows for more freedom of movement for other
exercises and can also improve your range of motion, posture,ability to breathe deeply, and blood flow. Also, it
reduces the muscle tension caused by stress.
Balance
Balance exercises help prevent falls and are especially important to older adults, helping them stay
independent. Most good balance exercises are ones that keep you constantly moving with your feet on the ground.
Heel-to-toe walking and standing on one foot are simple ways to improve balance.
1. How can a person benefit most from their exercise routine?
A. By combining different exercise types together.
B. By having sufficient rest between their workouts
C. By concentrating on one training aspect at a time.
D. By increasing the frequency of their training gradually.
2. Which exercise types are most useful to improve a person's breathing function?
A. Strength and Balance. B. Flexibility and Balance.
C. Endurance and Strength. D. Endurance and Flexibility.
3. Which part of the body plays the most important role in balance-related exercises?
A. Arms. B. Legs. C. Waist. D. Neck.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了可以产生更好的效果并减少受伤风险的四种锻炼。
【1 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“ Many people often only focus on one exercise type, but including all four in your
workout will produce better results and reduce your risk of injury.”（许多人通常只专注于一种锻炼类型，但是将
所有四种锻炼都包括在内会产生更好的效果并减少受伤的风险）可知，通过将不同的运动类型组合在一起，
可以让一个人从日常锻炼中受益最大。故选 A 项。
【2 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Endurance exercises increase your breathing and heart rate.”（耐力运动可提高你的
呼吸和心率）以及第四段中“This allows for more freedom of movement for other exercises and can also improve
your range of motion, posture,ability to breathe deeply, and blood flow.”（这样可以为其他运动提供
更大的运动自由度，还可以改善你的运动范围，姿势，深呼吸能力和血液流动）可知，耐力和柔韧性锻炼
对改善呼吸功能最有用。故选 D 项。
【3 题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Most good balance exercises are ones that keep you constantly moving with your
feet on the ground.”（大多数好的平衡练习都是让你脚踩在地上不停地运动）可知，腿在平衡锻炼中起主要
作用。故选 B 项。
【点睛】
B
The history of microbiology begins with a Dutch cloth maker named Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, a man of no
formal scientific education. In the late 1600s, Leeuwenhoek, inspired by the magnifying lenses he used to examine
cloth, built some of the first microscopes. He developed a technique to improve the quality of tiny, rounded lenses,
some of which could magnify an object up to 270 times. After removing some plaque from between his teeth and
examining it under a lens, Leeuwenhoek found tiny twisting creatures, which he called “animalcules”.
His observations, which he reported to the Royal Society of London, are among the first descriptions of
microbes, Leeuwenhoek discovered an entire universe invisible to the human eye. He found different microbes in
samples of pond water, rain water, and human blood. He gave the first description of red blood cells, observed plant
tissue, examined muscle, and investigated the life cycle of insects.
Nearly two hundred years later, Leeuwenhoek's discovery of microbes helped French chemist and biologist
Louis Pasteur to develop his “theory of disease”. This concept suggested that disease originates from tiny
organisms attacking and weakening the body. Pasteur’s theory later helped doctors to fight infectious diseases
including anthrax, diphtheria, polio, smallpox, tetanus, and typhoid. All these breakthroughs were the result of
Leeuwenhoek's original work. Leeuwenhoek did not foresee this legacy.
In a 1716 letter, he described his contribution to science this way: “My work, which I’ve done for a long time,
was not pursued in order to gain the praise I now enjoy, but chiefly from a strong desire for knowledge, which I
notice resides in me more than in most other men. And therefore, whenever I found out anything remarkable, I have
thought it my duty to put down my discovery on paper, so that the scientific community might be informed
thereof.”
4. Which of the following best describes Leeuwenhoek?
A. A trained researcher with an interest in microbiology.
B. A curious amateur who made pioneer studies of microbes.
C. A talented scientist interested in finding a cure for disease.
D. A bored cloth maker who accidentally made a major discovery.
5. The underlined phrase “this legacy” in paragraph 3 refers to_______.
A. the discovery of microbes. B. Pasteur's theory of disease.
C. Leeuwenhoek's contribution. D. the origin of the tiny organism.
6. What does the quote from Leeuwenhoek's letter suggest?
A. He admitted that many of his discoveries happened by chance.
B. He considered his work to be central to later medical breakthroughs.
C. He was greatly concerned with improving people’s living conditions.
D. He believed the sharing of knowledge was a key to scientific progress
7. What is the correct order for the following events?
a. Magnifying lenses were built.
b. The “theory of disease” was put forward.
c. Microbes were discovered in samples of waters.
d. Leeuwenhoek's first microscopes were successfully developed.
e. Leeuwenhoek explained his thoughts upon his own contribution.
A. a-d-c-e-b. B. d-a-c-e-b. C. a-d-c-b-e. D. d-a-e-b-c.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了 Antoni van Leeuwenhoek 制作显微镜的过程以及 Leeuwenhoek
在观察微生物方面取得的贡献和他本人对自己贡献的看法。
【4 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The history of microbiology begins with a Dutch cloth maker named Antoni van
Leeuwenhoek, a man of no formal scientific education. In the late 1600s, Leeuwenhoek, inspired by the magnifying
lenses he used to examine cloth, built some of the first microscopes. (微生物学的历史始于一位名叫 Antoni van
Leeuwenhoek 的荷兰制布师，他没有受过正规的科学教育。17 世纪晚期，Leeuwenhoek 受他用来检查布料
的放大镜的启发，制造了第一批显微镜)”以及“After removing some plaque from between his teeth and
examining it under a lens, Leeuwenhoek found tiny twisting creatures, which he called “animalcules”.(列文虎克从
牙齿间取出一些菌斑，并用透镜检查后，他发现了微小的扭曲生物，他称之为“微生物”)”可知，
Leeuwenhoek 是一个好奇的业余爱好者，他对微生物进行了开创性的研究。故选 B。
【5 题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Nearly two hundred years later, Leeuwenhoek's discovery of microbes helped
French chemist and biologist Louis Pasteur to develop his “theory of disease”. This concept suggested that disease
originates from tiny organisms attacking and weakening the body. Pasteur’s theory later helped doctors to fight
infectious diseases including anthrax, diphtheria, polio, smallpox, tetanus, and typhoid. All these breakthroughs
were the result of Leeuwenhoek's original work. (近两百年后，Leeuwenhoek 对微生物的发现帮助法国化学家和
生物学家 Louis Pasteur 提出了他的“疾病理论”。这一概念认为，疾病起源于微小的生物体攻击和削弱身
体。巴斯德的理论后来帮助医生对抗了包括炭疽、白喉、小儿麻痹症、天花、破伤风和伤寒在内的传染病。
所有这些突破都是 Leeuwenhoek 的原创性工作的结果)”以及下一段中“In a 1716 letter, he described his
contribution to science this way(在 1716 年的一封信中，他这样描述自己对科学的贡献)”可知，Leeuwenhoek
的发现对后来的疾病理论取得了重要的突破，而他本人并没有预见到他会有这些贡献。即画线词指的是
“Leeuwenhoek 的贡献”。故选 C。
【6 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“And therefore, whenever I found out anything remarkable, I have thought it my
duty to put down my discovery on paper, so that the scientific community might be informed thereof.(因此，每当我
发现任何值得注意的事情时，我都认为我有责任把我的发现写在纸上，以便让科学界知道)”可推知，引用
的 Leeuwenhoek 信中的话表明他相信分享知识是科学进步的关键。故选 D。
【7 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In the late 1600s, Leeuwenhoek, inspired by the magnifying lenses he used to
examine cloth, built some of the first microscopes. He developed a technique to improve the quality of tiny,
rounded lenses, some of which could magnify an object up to 270 times.(17 世纪晚期，Leeuwenhoek 受他用来检
查布料的放大镜的启发，制造了第一批显微镜。他发明了一种技术来提高微小圆角透镜的质量，其中一些
可以将物体放大 270 倍)”可知，a“制造了放大镜”排在第一，d“Leeuwenhoek 的第一批显微镜被成功研
制出来”排在第二，故排除 B、D 选项；根据第二段中“He found different microbes in samples of pond water,
rain water, and human blood.(他在池塘水、雨水和人类血液的样本中发现了不同的微生物)”可知 c“在水的
样本中发现了微生物”排在第三；根据最后一段中“In a 1716 letter, he described his contribution to science
this way(在 1716 年的一封信中，他这样描述了自己对科学的贡献)”可知，e“Leeuwenhoek 解释了他对自
己的贡献的看法”排第四；以及第三段中“Nearly two hundred years later, Leeuwenhoek's discovery of
microbes helped French chemist and biologist Louis Pasteur to develop his “theory of disease”.(近 200 年后，列文
虎克对微生物的发现帮助法国化学家和生物学家巴斯德发展了他的“疾病理论”)”可知，b“提出了疾病理
论”排第五。可知，事件的正确顺序是 a-d-c-e-b。故选 A。
C
Around 200 B. C, Aristophanes, an ancient Greek librarian, developed a system of marks to break up text to
make it easier to read. Before this, words were often written in one long sentence without spaces between the words.
Today in many languages—including English-there is a set of rules on how to use full stops, commas and other text
marks. However, some believe this is changing. Dr Robert Frost, who studies language, says people no longer use
full stops and other punctuation symbols because they feel their messages are clear enough without them. So, is
punctuation helpful or just troublesome?
Yes—punctuation is important
Punctuation is needed in order to make the meaning of written words clear. If a parent messaged to say, “It's
time to eat, children,” this is different from “It's time to eat children”. The second sentence would probably make
you want to run in the opposite direction because it sounds as though children were on the menu. The author
Jonathan Pierce argues that punctuation can be used to add drama, to break up the sequence of words and change
the rhythm of a sentence. “It allows writers to make sentences more interesting so the readers do not get bored,”
Pierce claims. “Otherwise, the words run into each other and lose their impact.” Besides, learning the different
ways punctuation marks can be used is fun. It can add a lot to the style of writing and make it clearer.
No—we don't need it
Punctuation. Even, if a sentence is badly punctuated, like this one: It can still be, understood. This short piece
of text shows that it is the words that are the important part of the sentence, not the symbols between them.
Oxford-based linguist Kelly Jones says, “It is the order in which the words appear that conveys the meaning, not
the punctuation marks. If there is any doubt in the meaning of the sentence, people are clever enough to work out
what the person is really trying to say. For instance, when people speak, they do not use punctuation and yet we can
still understand each other.” Also, punctuation can be confusing—there are lots of complex rules to observe, and if
it is used incorrectly it can cause more problems than if there were none, punctuation simply isn't needed.
8. What is the purpose of this passage?
A. To discuss alternative viewpoints. B. To support one argument over another.
C. To evaluate the strength of competing ideas. D. To outline historical development of language.
9. Who believes punctuation is necessary?
A. Robert Frost and Kelly Jones. B. Aristophanes and Robert Frost.
C. Jonathan Pierce and Kelly Jones. D. Aristophanes and Jonathan Pierce.
10. In paragraph 3, the underlined part is used as________.
A. a definition. B. a fact. C. an example. D. an error.
11. Which of the following can be a strong argument against Kelly Jones's opinion?
A. Punctuation adds to the effect and richness of a language.
B. Without punctuation, people would be breathless when speaking.
C. Pauses and tones in speech serve similar functions to punctuation.
D. The choice and order of words are important to conveying meaning.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了标点符号的发明历史以及从支持和反对两个方面论述了人们对
于需不需要使用标点符号的看法。
【8 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“So, is punctuation helpful or just troublesome? (那么，标点符号是有用的还是麻
烦的呢？)”结合文章从支持和反对两个方面论述了人们对于需不需要使用标点符号的看法，可推知，这篇
文章的目的是讨论不同的观点。故选 A。
【9 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Around 200 B. C, Aristophanes, an ancient Greek librarian, developed a system of
marks to break up text to make it easier to read. (大约在公元前 200 年，古希腊图书管理员 Aristophanes 发明了
一种标记系统，将文本分解，使其更易于阅读)”以及第二段中“The author Jonathan Pierce argues that
punctuation can be used to add drama, to break up the sequence of words and change the rhythm of a sentence. “It
allows writers to make sentences more interesting so the readers do not get bored,” Pierce claims. “Otherwise, the
words run into each other and lose their impact.”(作者 Jonathan Pierce 认为，标点可以用来增加戏剧效果，打破
词语的顺序，改变句子的节奏。Pierce 称：“这能让作者把句子写得更有趣，这样读者就不会感到无聊。“否
则，这些词互相碰撞就会失去它们的影响力。”)”可知，Aristophanes 和 Jonathan Pierce 认为标点是必要的。
故选 D。
【10 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Punctuation. Even if a sentence is badly punctuated, like this one: It can still be,
understood. This short piece of text shows that it is the words that are the important part of the sentence, not the
symbols between them. (标点符号。即使一个句子标点符号用得不好，就像下面这句话：它仍然可以，被理
解。这段简短的文字表明，单词才是句子的重要组成部分，而不是它们之间的符号)”可推知，在第三段中，
下划线部分是一个例子。故选 C。
【11 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Oxford-based linguist Kelly Jones says, “It is the order in which the words appear
that conveys the meaning, not the punctuation marks. If there is any doubt in the meaning of the sentence, people
are clever enough to work out what the person is really trying to say. For instance, when people speak, they do not
use punctuation and yet we can still understand each other.”(牛津大学的语言学家 Kelly Jones 说：“单词出现的
顺序，而不是标点符号，就能传达意思。如果对这句话的意思有任何疑问，人们能聪明得理解这个人真正
想说什么。例如，当人们说话时，他们不使用标点符号，但我们仍然可以理解对方。”)”可推知，Kelly Jones
认为标点符号没有必要，因为人们说话不使用标点符合也可以传达意思，结合选项可知 C 选项“说话中的
停顿和声调与标点的作用相似”的观点可以有力地反驳 Kelly Jones 的观点。故选 C。
D
To many people, honey bees symbolize wealth, sustainability and environmentalism. But as a honey bee
researcher, I have to tell you that only the first item on that list is defensible. Although they are important for
agriculture, honey bees, which are usually imported from outside the local area, also disturb natural ecosystems by
competing with native bees.
For several years the media has told us that bee populations are under threat. In response to this media
campaign to"save the bees", raising honey bees has become a popular hobby. But as a species, honey bees are least
in need of saving. Much media attention is given to honey bees at the expense of native bees, and this has led many
citizens—myself once included—to mistakenly believe they are doing a good thing for the environment by raising
honey bees. Unfortunately, theyare probably doing more harm than good.
“Beekeeping is for people; it's not a conservation practice, "says Shelly Smith, an environmental science
professor. People mistakenly think keeping honey bees also helps the native bees, which are at risk of extinction.
That's wrong.”
Smith and her research team recently surveyed one thousand local people in Canada and found that they had a
surprisingly poor understanding of bee types and their roles in promoting flower growth. Most people’s attention is
on saving honey bees when, from a conservationist's point of view, native bees are the ones in more need of
support.
“To make matters worse, beekeeping companies and various non-science-based projects have financially
benefited from the decline of native bee populations, "Smith explains. "These companies pretend they are interested
in saving bees but their actions are actually damaging the native bee populations.”
The introduction of honey bees increases competition with native bee populations for food,putting even more
pressure on the wild species that are already in decline. Honey bees are extremely efficient food gatherers and take
over almost all local flower resources, thus leading to damaging competition—that is, where one species uses up a
resource, not leaving enough to go around.
12. Which statement does the writer argue for?
A. Honey bees endanger native bees.
B. Honey bees are a symbol of wealth.
C. Honey bees are important for agriculture.
D. Honey bees can defend natural ecosystems.
13. What can be inferred from paragraph 2?
A. Beekeeping is a still-popular traditional hobby.
B. The media is responsible for misleading the public.
C. Citizens’ attempts to protect the environment are effective.
D. The media campaign has failed to promote honey bee businesses.
14. What surprised Shelly Smith's team?
A. Beekeeping companies' making great profits.
B. The quick expansion of bee-friendly habitats.
C. The public's ignorance of bee varieties and roles.
D. Insufficient attention given to saving honey bees.
15. How does the writer develop the last paragraph?
A. By listing examples. B. By making comparisons.
C. By analyzing survey data. D. By explaining cause and effect.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了如今养蜂在美国人中非常流行,但研究表明,对蜜蜂的错误热情很可
能对野生蜜蜂造成损害。
【12 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“But as a species, honey bees are least in need of saving. Much media attention is
given to honey bees at the expense of native bees, and this has led many citizens—myself once included—to
mistakenly believe they are doing a good thing for the environment by raising honey bees. Unfortunately, they are
probably doing more harm than good.( 但是作为一个物种，蜜蜂是最不需要拯救的。媒体的关注不成比例地
覆盖了它们，而忽略了本地传粉者，而且含糊不清的信息让许多市民(包括我自己在内)相信，戴上养蜂人的
面纱是在为环境做好事。不幸的是，它们可能弊大于利。)”以及第三段的“People mistakenly think keeping
honey bees also helps the native bees, which are at risk of extinction. That's wrong.( 人们错误地认为饲养蜜蜂或
帮助蜜蜂是在某种程度上帮助本土蜜蜂，因为它们面临灭绝的危险。那是错误的)”可推断，作者认为蜜蜂不
需要拯救，这样反而忽略了本土蜜蜂，并不会帮助本土蜜蜂，因此推断养蜂会危及本地蜜蜂。故选 A。
【13 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Much media attention is given to honey bees at the expense of native bees, and this has
led many citizens—myself once included—to mistakenly believe they are doing a good thing for the environment
by raising honey bees. Unfortunately, theyare probably doing more harm than good.( 媒体的关注不成比例地覆
盖了它们，而忽略了本地传粉者，而且含糊不清的信息让许多市民(包括我自己在内)相信，戴上养蜂人的面
纱是在为环境做好事。不幸的是，它们可能弊大于利。)”可推断，媒体应该为误导公众负责任。故选 B。
【14 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“Smith and her research team recently surveyed one thousand local people in Canada
and found that they had a surprisingly poor understanding of bee types and their roles in promoting flower
growth.(史密斯和她的研究团队最近调查了 1000 名加拿大当地人，发现他们对蜜蜂类型和它们在促进花朵
生长中的作用的了解非常少)”可知，史密斯团队对公众对蜜蜂的种类和作用的无知感到吃惊。故选 C。
【15 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“The introduction of honey bees increases competition with native bee
populations for food, putting even more pressure on the wild species that are already in decline. Honey bees are
extremely efficient food gatherers and take over almost all local flower resources, thus leading to damaging
competition—that is, where one species uses up a resource, not leaving enough to go around.( 蜜蜂的引入加剧了
与本土蜜蜂争夺食物的竞争，给已经在减少的野生物种带来了更大的压力。蜜蜂是非常高效的食物采集者，
它们几乎占据了当地所有的花资源，从而导致了破坏性的竞争，也就是说，一个物种用光了一种资源，没
有留下足够的资源供其他物种使用。)”可推断，作者通过分析因果关系解释了引进的蜜蜂与本土蜜蜂之间的
竞争。故选 D。
第二节(共 5 小题:每小题 2.5 分、满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you like the idea of running your own business from home? Most of you do, and the first things you say
you like about it are being your own boss, having flexible hours and working in your pajamas.____16____
Being your own boss is definitely one big advantage.____17____ You must commit to work on your business
regularly to make profits. If not, you will find that your income becomes non-existent.So, have set office hours
where you productively work on building your business.
____18____Doctors’ appointments and family commitments can simply be worked into your schedule. Again,
you need to arrange your appointments carefully and try to book them together. This way you can get all of your
running around done in one day.
Working in your pajamas may seem appealing initially. But it can also prevent you from actually getting your
work done. ____19____ After that, just walk into your office and start your day’s work. Being too casual means
getting less work done on a regular basis.
In order to run a successful business from home you need to have a good mindset.____20____
Taking off too many hours each week will damage your financial stability and long-term success. Set goals and
limits on your time. Build your business first, before taking advantage of what working from home offers.
A. But it can also become your downfall without care.
B. Flexible hours are another huge plus of working from home.
C. Once it's achieved, you'll have more opportunities to develop business contacts.
D. You may find it more efficient to get up, exercise, then shower and dress for work.
E. This includes realizing that you and only you are responsible for your own income.
F. One of the biggest drawbacks is that it is so easy to allow yourself to have excuses.
G. While these benefits sound great, the reality of working from home can be a little different.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在家经营公司的好处和需要注意的事项。
【16 题详解】
根据上文“Do you like the idea of running your own business from home? Most of you do, and the first things
you say you like about it are being your own boss, having flexible hours and working in your pajamas.(你喜欢在家
经营自己的公司吗？大多数人都是这样的，而且你喜欢的第一件事就是做自己的老板，有灵活的工作时间，
穿着睡衣工作)”结合后文提到了一些在家工作的实际情况，可知本句与上文构成转折，说明虽然在家工作
有好处，但是现实情况可能有点不同。故 G 选项“虽然这些好处听起来不错，但在家工作的现实情况可能
有点不同”符合语境，故选 G。
【17 题详解】
根据上文“Being your own boss is definitely one big advantage.(做自己的老板绝对是一个很大的优势)”以及
后文“You must commit to work on your business regularly to make profits. If not, you will find that your income
becomes non-existent. So, have set office hours where you productively work on building your business.(你必须致
力于你的业务定期赚取利润。如果没有，你会发现你的收入变得不存在。所以，要设定办公时间，让你高
效地建立自己的企业)”可知，上文提到做自己的老板是一个很大的优势，后文则提到了必须致力于定期赚
取利润，可推测本句与上文构成转折，是在说明自己做老板的缺点。故 A 选项“但它也可能毫无顾忌地让
你堕落”符合语境，故选 A。
【18 题详解】
根据后文“Doctors’ appointments and family commitments can simply be worked into your schedule. Again, you
need to arrange your appointments carefully and try to book them together. This way you can get all of your
running around done in one day.(与医生的预约和家庭事务可以简单地列入你的日程。同样，你需要仔细安排
你的预约，尽量一起预约。这样你就可以在一天之内完成所有的工作)”可知，后文提到与医生的预约和家
务事可以得到合理安排，然后在一天之内完成，可知本段主要是在介绍在家工作的另一个好处是时间灵活。
故 B 选项“灵活的工作时间是在家工作的另一大好处”符合语境，故选 B。
【19 题详解】
根 据上 文“Working in your pajamas may seem appealing initially. But it can also prevent you from actually
getting your work done.(乍一看，穿着睡衣工作似乎很吸引人。但它也会阻碍你真正完成工作)”以及后文
“After that, just walk into your office and start your day’s work.(之后，只需走进办公室，开始一天的工作)”可
知，上文提到在家工作会阻碍真正完成工作，且后文提到了走近办公室，可知本句是在描述日常外出上班
的过程。故 D 选项“你可能会发现起床、锻炼、然后洗澡、穿衣服上班更有效率”符合语境，故选 D。
【20 题详解】
根据上文“In order to run a successful business from home you need to have a good mindset.(为了在家经营成功
的企业，你需要有一个良好的心态)”以及后文“Taking off too many hours each week will damage your
financial stability and long-term success. Set goals and limits on your time. Build your business first, before taking
advantage of what working from home offers.(每周休息太多的时间会损害你的经济稳定和长期成功。设定目标
和时间限制。在利用在家工作的好处之前，先建立自己的事业)”可知，上文提到在家经营企业需要良好的
心态，可知本句应承接上文举例说明有哪些良好的心态需要建立。故 E 选项“这包括意识到你，而且只有
你自己对自己的收入负责”符合语境，故选 E。
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分,满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Camogli looks like any other small Italian coastal town. The little ____21____ houses face the sea. The
sunlight warms their beauty. But, look carefully and you’ll see many things that seem____22____...but they’re not.
This fishing village is full of trompe l’oeil — an art form in which nothing is what it appears to be. While
some flowers die, others live for years. Why? Because they’re ___23___ on the building!
Trompe l’oeil has been around for centuries. ___24___, Camogli’s fishermen painted their houses in bright
colors and unusual designs, so that they could see their homes ___25___ from the water. Then,in the 1700s, it
became a way to make small, simple buildings look ___26___ and high-valued.
And today? There are still many trompe l’oeil houses in villages like Camogli, but only a few artists are
___27___ to paint them. Carlo is one of this ever-decreasing band of artists who's managed to make a business out
of it.
His ___28___ are often people who want to improve their home’s ___29___. But for Carlo trompe l’oeil’s
purpose is to bring something ____30____ to a new place, such as bringing the city to the sea or even the deserts to
the cities.
Carlos painting style ____31____ the past. He only uses old-style paints and mixes them by hand. He does so
for one reason: to protect the trompe l’oeil ____32____. He also believes this art should be ____33____
everywhere.
Fortunately, in Camogli, local art and culture are still ____34____. But remember, don’t always ____35____
your eyes!
21. A. colored B. crowded C. damp D. wooden
22. A. fancy B. novel C. real D. valuable
23. A. carved B. pressed C. painted D. planted
24. A. Creatively B. Mistakenly C. Frequently D. Originally
25. A. closely B. easily C. happily D. hopefully
26. A. comfortable B. complicated C. grand D. harmonious
27. A. allowed B. available C. responsible D. introduced
28. A. designers B. followers C. customers D. partners
29. A. appearance B. capacity C. convenience D. privacy
30. A. civilized B. faraway C. natural D. unexpected
31. A. comes from B. brings about C. goes against D. leaves out
32. A. artists B. buildings C. paints D. traditions
33. A. accepted B. discussed C. learned D. seen
34. A. changing B. alive C. diverse D. unique
35. A. believe B. block C. widen D. cheat
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31.
A 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了卡莫利艺术形式的起源和发展，从多方面说明了这种艺术形式
的美学价值。
【21 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：小小的彩色房屋面朝大海。阳光温暖着它们的美丽。A. colored 有色的；B.
crowded 拥挤的；C. damp 潮湿的；D. wooden 木质的。根据下文“Camogli’s fishermen painted their houses in
bright colors”可知，这些房屋是有颜色的。故选 A 项。
【22 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，仔细看，你会发现许多看似有价值的东西……但事实并非如此。A. fancy
幻想的；B. novel 新颖的；C. real 真实的；D. valuable 有价值的。根据下文“This fishing village is full of trompe
l’oeil — an art form in which nothing is what it appears to be”可知，这个渔村充满了错视画，他是一种似乎什
么都没有的艺术形式。因为是什么都没有，所以应该是看起来似乎是真实的，但是不是真实的。故选 C 项。
【23 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为它们被涂在建筑物上！A. carved 雕刻；B. pressed 按压；C. painted 绘画；D.
planted 种植。根据下文“Camogli's fishermen painted their houses in bright colors”可知，这些花朵是画在屋
子上的。故选 C 项。
【24 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最初，Camogli 的渔民用鲜艳的色彩和不寻常的图案为房屋涂漆，以便他们可以
从水中轻松地看到自己的房屋。A. Creatively 创造性地；B. Mistakenly 错误地；C. Frequently 频繁地；D.
Originally 最初。根据前文“Trompe l’oeil has been around for centuries.”可知，错视画这种艺术形式已经存
在几个世纪了，接下来介绍错视画的起源。故选 D 项。
【25 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最初，Camogli 的渔民用鲜艳的色彩和不寻常的图案为房屋涂漆，以便他们可以
从水中轻松地看到自己的房屋。A. closely 紧密地；B. easily 容易地；C. happily 愉快地；D. hopefully 有希望
地。根据常识可知，渔民将房屋涂上颜色是为了从水中轻松地看到自己的房屋。故选 B 项。
【26 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，在 1700 年代，它成为一种使小型，简单的建筑物看起来和谐且高价值
的方法。A. comfortable 舒适的；B. complicated 复杂的；C. grand 气派的；D. harmonious 和谐的。根据后文
“high-valued”可知，这样的艺术形式使得房屋看起来很气派、很高档。故选 C 项。
【27 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在像卡莫利这样的村庄中，仍然有很多错综复杂的房屋，但只有少数艺术家
可以粉刷它们。A. allowed 合法的；B. available 可用的；C. responsible 负责任；D. introduced 引进的。根据
后文“Carlo is one of this ever-decreasing band of artists who’s managed to make a business out of it.”可知，能
表达这种艺术的艺术家很少见。故选 B 项。
【28 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的客户通常是想改善自己房屋外观的人。A. designers 设计师；B. followers 追
随者；C. customers 客户；D. partners 伙伴。根据上文“make a business out of it”可知，他准备利用这种绘
画能力做生意，表明找到他的人即他的客户。故选 C 项。
【29 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的客户通常是想改善自己房屋外观的人。A. appearance 外观；B. capacity 容量；
C. convenience 便利；D. privacy 私密。根据上文“Camogli's fishermen painted their houses in bright colors and
unusual designs”可知，这些渔民设计和绘画的是房屋的外表。故选 A 项。
【30 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是对于 Carlo trompe l’oeil 来说，其目的是将自然的东西带到一个新的地方，
例如将城市带入大海，甚至将沙漠带入城市。A. civilized 文明的；B. faraway 遥远的；C. natural 自然的；D.
unexpected 意外的。根据后文“ such as bringing the city to the sea or even the deserts to the cities”
可知，这种艺术形式的目的是将意想不到的事务带到一个新的地方。故选 D 项。
【31 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：卡洛斯绘画风格来自于过去。A. comes from 来自；B. brings about 带来；C. goes
against 反对；D. leaves out 离开。根据后文“He only uses old-style paints and mixes them by hand.”可知，他
使用的绘画风格源于老式的的绘画风格。故选 A 项。
【32 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样做的原因之一是：保护错视的传统。A. artists 艺术家；B. buildings 建筑；C.
paints 油漆；D. traditions 传统。根据上文“Carlo is one of this ever-decreasing band of artists who's managed to
make a business out of it.”可知，能表达这种艺术的艺术家越来越少了，意在表明他想保护这种艺术。故选
D 项。
【33 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还认为，这种艺术应该随处可见。A. accepted 接受；B. discussed 讨论；C. learned
学习；D. seen 看见。根据常识可知，艺术是让人观看的。故选 D 项。
【34 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，在卡莫利，当地的艺术和文化依然活跃。A. changing 变化的；B. alive
活跃的；C. diverse 多样化的；D. unique 独特的。根据上文“There are still many trompe l’oeil houses in villages
like Camogli”可知，当今这种艺术和文化依然广泛存在。故选 B 项。
【35 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是请记住，不要总是相信自己的眼睛！A. believe 相信；B. block 阻止；C. widen
扩大；D. cheat 作弊。根据上文“But, look carefully and you' ll see many things that seem valuable...but they’re
not.”可知，你认为你看到的东西很宝贵，但其实事实并非如此，意在表明不要总是相信自己的眼睛。故选
A 项。
第二节(共 10 小题:每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A comforting cup of tea is an essential part of the day for hundreds of millions of people around the globe.
Worldwide, three cups of tea ___36___ (consume) for every cup of coffee. To___37___(full) appreciate the ancient
roots of the herbal drink, a visit to the China National Tea Museum might be in order. The institution has a long
history.
___38___(locate)in Hangzhou, the museum occupies a parklike setting. Inside, various halls demonstrate the
story of tea, its ceremonies and its tools. Records of tea drinking date as far back as the ___39___ (ten) century B.C.
in China. Originally the leaves were baked into a brick, a part of ___40___ could be broken off and made into a
powder. Tea spread into northern China during the Tang Dynasty; by the Song Dynasty it ___41___(acquire) a
loose-leaf production as well as the ceremonies that made its consumption ___42___ art form.
The art of tea extended to its fancy containers, which are ___43___ display at the museum.Gracefully rounded
kettles date back 5,000 years; tea bowls from the Tang Dynasty have a beautiful simplicity. Today ___44___ (visit)
can observe a tea ceremony that might be enough ____45____(change) even the most passionate coffee drinker
【答案】36. are consumed
37. fully 38. Located
39. tenth 40. which
41. had acquired
42. an 43. on
44. visitors
45. to change
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。对全球数亿人来说，一杯令人舒适的茶是一天中必不可少的一部分。要想充分
了解这种草药饮料的古老起源，最好还是参观中国茶叶博物馆。文章主要介绍了中国饮茶习俗的历史以及
传播历程。
【36 题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：在世界范围内，每喝一杯咖啡就要喝三杯茶。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时，
主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为 three cups of tea，谓语动词用复数。故
填 are consumed。
【37 题详解】
考查副词。句意：要想充分了解这种草药饮料的古老起源，最好还是参观中国茶叶博物馆。修饰后文动词
appreciate，应用副词 fully，作状语。故填 fully。
【38 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该博物馆位于杭州，拥有公园般的环境。结合句意表示“位于……”可知短语为
be located in，此处省略 be 动词，用过去分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填 Located。
【39 题详解】
考查数词。句意：在中国，关于喝茶的记载可以追溯到公元前 10 世纪。根据上文定冠词 the，且表示“十
世纪”应用序数词 tenth。故填 tenth。
【40 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：最初，人们把树叶烤成砖，把砖的一部分打碎，做成粉末。此处为“介词+关系代词”
结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 brick，作介词 of 的宾语，指物，在“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定
语从句中只能用关系代词 which。故填 which。
【41 题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：茶叶在唐代传入中国北方；到了宋朝，它已经获得了散装生产和使喝茶成为了一种
艺术形式的仪式。根据上文“by the Song Dynasty”可知表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填 had
acquired。
【42 题详解】
考查冠词。句意：茶叶在唐代传入中国北方；到了宋朝，它已经获得了散装生产和使喝茶成为了一种艺术
形式的仪式。form 为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且 art 是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用 an。
故填 an。
【43 题详解】
考查介词。句意：茶的艺术延伸到其别致的容器，这些容器正在博物馆中展出。结合句意表示“在展出”
可知短语为 be on display。故填 on。
【44 题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：今天，游客们可以观摩到一场足以改变最热衷喝咖啡的人的茶道。空处作主语，表
示“游客”应用名词 visitor，且表示数量大于一应用复数。故填 visitors。
【45 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，游客们可以观摩到一场足以改变最热衷喝咖啡的人的茶道。结合句意表示
“足以做某事”可知短语为 be enough to do sth.。故填 to change。
第四部分 写作 (共两节,满分 40 分)
第一节 (满分 15 分)
46. 假定你是李华,上周你校举办了首届生活技能云端展示活动,主题为“劳动创造美好生活( Work Creates a
Better Life)”。请你为校英文报写一篇报道,内容包括：
1.活动主题；
2.展示内容(烹任、急救等)；
3.活动反响。
注意：
1.写作词数应为 80 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The First Online Life Skills Show
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
【答案】The first online life skills show with the theme of Work Creates a Better Life was held in our school hall
last Friday morning, which drew the attention of every student and teacher.
Twenty students from different classes took part in it. All the participants made wonderful presentations around the
theme, showing the audience the skills about cooking and first aid,which is of great use in our daily life.
Everyone thinks highly of this activity, for it is not only a good chance to help the students improve their life skills
but also enriches our school life.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生用英语为主题为“劳动创造美好生活( Work Creates a Better
Life)”的活动写一篇报道。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时和一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1.活动主题；
2.展示内容(烹任、急救等)；
3.活动反响。
第二步:列提纲
with the theme of; draw attention; take part in; be of great use; think highly of
第三步：连词成句
1. The first online life skills show with the theme of Work Creates a Better Life was held in our school hall last
Friday morning, which drew the attention of every student and teacher.
2. Twenty students from different classes took part in it.
3. All the participants made wonderful presentations around the theme, showing the audience the skills about
cooking and first aid, which is of great use in our daily life.
4. Everyone thinks highly of this activity, for it is not only a good chance to help the students improve their life
skills but also enriches our school life.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇
1.表并列补充关系：and，not only…but (also)
2.表因果关系：for
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型 1] The first online life skills show with the theme of Work Creates a Better Life was held in our
school hall last Friday morning, which drew the attention of every student and teacher.（which 引导非限定性定语
从句）
[高分句型 2] Everyone thinks highly of this activity, for it is not only a good chance to help the students improve
their life skills but also enriches our school life.（for 引导原因状语从句）
第二节(满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It took place in a teacher’s family. One day, Ben was playing basketball in the living room after school, when
he accidentally threw the ball at a vase sitting on the shelf. The vase dropped to the floor and a large piece broke off.
What made Ben more upset was that the vase was not a common decoration but an antique, which was handed
down through generations from the 18th century. It was also his mother's favourite possession. To cover his terrible
action, the terrified boy glued the pieces together hastily and put the vase back to its place.
As the mother herself dusted the vase every day, she naturally noticed the cracks(裂纹) that evening. To her
surprise, the repair work was actually very good. At dinner time, she asked her boy if he broke the vase. Fearing
punishment, the suddenly inspired boy said that a neighbour’s cat jumped in from the window and he couldn’t drive
it away no matter how hard he tried. It raced around the living room and finally knocked the vase off its shelf. His
mother was quite clear that her son was lying, for all the windows were closed before she left for work each
morning and opened after she returned. However, in the face of her son’s nervous eyes and the suspicious looks of
the other family members. Ben’s mother remained calm. She realized she shouldn’t just simply blame and punish
her son for lying. She came up with another idea.
Before going to bed, the boy found a note from his mother in his room, asking him to go to the study at once.
The boy thought he would now be punished but, as he had already lied, he was determined to deny everything to
the end, no matter how angry his mum became.
In the study, calmly bathed in the light, his mothers face showed no sign of anger. On seeing her son push
open the door and cautiously enter, she took a chocolate box out of a drawer and gave him one.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150 左右
The mother said, "This chocolate is a reward for your imagination: a window-opening cat!”
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Now with some chocolates in hand, the boy's bad attitude disappeared.
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【答案】The mother said,“This chocolate is a reward for your imagination -- a window-opening cat!” Hearing her
sincere appreciation, Ben flushed, lowered his head and muttered a thank-you. Surprisingly, the mother took out
another chocolate and pressed it into his hand.“This one is for the delicate repair work you did to the broken
vase.”She also added that she was moved by how much the boy cherished the family possessions. At these hearty
remarks, Ben felt a flow of shame through his veins, and had to duck his head even lower. The mother then calmly
encouraged Ben to reward himself more chocolate for any other merits he had displayed in this event. He did as
was told to, confessing that he was calm when facing the accident.
Now with some chocolate in hand, the boy’s bad attitude disappeared.His palm and forehead sweating, nervousness
welled up inside him. After what seemed a long time, he looked up at his mother, admitted that it was not the cat
but he that had broken the vase accidentally and asked for punishment.“I’m sorry I lied to you, mum. Please take
back the chocolate.” Feeling so ashamed, Ben couldn’t hold back his tears. He opened his palm wide, ready to
return the chocolate. To his surprise, however, his mother placed the whole bag of chocolate in his hand, smiling.
“Honesty deserves the best reward, my dear.”
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了 Ben 不小心打碎花瓶，并对妈妈说谎是猫打碎的，妈妈并没有责
备他，拿出巧克力诱导他做一个诚实的人，Ben 最后说出了真相，得到了妈妈的奖励的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“妈妈说这个巧克力是你想象力的回报，一只从开着的窗子进来的猫！”可知，第一
段可描写妈妈用奖励巧克力的方式诱导 Ben 承认自己打碎了花瓶。
②由第二段首句内容“现在手里拿着巧克力，男孩的沮丧的态度消失了。”可知，第二段可描写 Ben 良心
不安，无法继续装作是猫打碎的花瓶，对妈妈坦白错误的经过。
2.续写线索：奖励——羞愧——不安——坦白——奖励——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①奖励：reward/hearty remarks/encourage for
②坦白：admit/confess
情绪类
①羞愧：lower his head/shame/be sorry for
②不安：palm and forehead sweating/nervousness
【点睛】[高分句型 1].Hearing her sincere appreciation, Ben flushed, lowered his head and muttered a thank-you.
（现在分词作伴随状语）
[高分句型 2] She also added that she was moved by how much the boy cherished the family possessions.（that 引
导的宾语从句）
[高分句型 3] After what seemed a long time, he looked up at his mother, admitted that it was not the cat but he that
had broken the vase accidentally and asked for punishment.（what 引导的宾语从句、after 引导时间状语从句以
及强调句型）
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