专题 04 阅读理解之记叙文
一、（山东省泰安 2021 届高三模拟）
In an incredible display of compassion and kindness, a man from Turkey was spotted trying to warm a pigeon
in the most creative way.
Sabahattin Yılmaz was at home one chilly day. After a rain shower had passed, he noticed something landed
on the sill (窗台) outside his window—a cold and wet pigeon. The animal was trembling and soaked; it clearly
didn’t have the chance to seek shelter before the rain began. Feeling for the poor pigeon, Yılmaz thought of a way
to dry him off.
Rather than pick him up and take him inside to warm up, Yılmaz plugged in a hairdryer and used it to dry off
the bird. Little did he know that his neighbor captured the whole moment on video. In the video, Yılmaz can be
seen leaning out of his window. He was stretching his arm as far as he can so the hot air can reach the pigeon. The
bird willingly let the man warm him up, crouching (蹲伏) to let his outer feathers dry.
Yılmaz told the media that he spent about fifteen minutes drying off the bird. He said he had just opened his
window when he saw the pigeon around the corner of the sill. He described it as wet and “about to freeze” from the
cold and rainy weather.
After fifteen minutes, Yılmaz gave the pigeon birdseed, which he ate happily. However, the bird remained wet
still. “I saw that it was still there so I warmed it up again, after the pigeon recovered again, and after eating a good
amount of seed, it flew away,” Yılmaz recalled.
He also didn’t know that he was being recorded at the time and that the video was shared online. He simply
did it out of the kindness of his heart. “The pigeon is a living creature and deserved to continue living, that is why I
did it,” he said.
4．What is the text mainly about?
A．An online video about a pigeon became a hit.
B．A man warmed up a wet and cold pigeon.
C．A man invented a creative way to help birds.
D．A man lives in harmony with a pigeon.
5．What was the bird’s reaction to Sabahattin Yılmaz’s behavior?
A．It was scared and flew away.
B．It was annoyed and refused his help.
C．It was ready to accept his assistance.
D．It was happy to settle in his home.
6．What can we see from the video?
A．A man was filming Yılmaz’s kindness.
B．A pigeon was jumping back and forth when dried off.
C．Yılmaz was warming a pigeon in a novel way.
D．Yilmaz was stretching his arms to catch a pigeon.
7．Which of the following words can best describe Sabahattin Yılmaz?
A．Indifferent but creative. B．Patient and ambitious.
C．Talented but careless. D．Sympathetic and warm-hearted.
【答案】
4．B
5．C
6．C
7．D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是为了表现出令人难以置信的同情心和善意，一名来自土耳
其的男子 Sabahattin Yılmaz 被发现用最具创意的方式给鸽子加热。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“In an incredible display of compassion and kindness, a man from Turkey was
spotted trying to warm a pigeon in the most creative way.”（为了表现出令人难以置信的同情心和善意，一名来
自土耳其的男子被发现用最具创意的方式给鸽子加热。）并结合全文的内容可知，这篇文章主要讲述的是
一个人暖了一只又湿又冷的鸽子。故选 B。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段中“In the video, Yılmaz can be seen leaning out of his window. He was stretching
his arm as far as he can so the hot air can reach the pigeon. The bird willingly let the man warm him up, crouching
(蹲伏) to let his outer feathers dry.”（在视频中，可以看到 Yılmaz 探出窗外。他把手臂尽可能地伸展，好让热
空气够到鸽子。小鸟很乐意让他暖和起来，蹲着让他外面的羽毛晾干。）可知，这只鸟对 Sabahattin Yılmaz
的行为表明它准备接受他的帮助。故选 C。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Rather than pick him up and take him inside to warm up, Yılmaz plugged in a
hairdryer and used it to dry off the bird. Little did he know that his neighbor captured the whole moment on video.
In the video, Yılmaz can be seen leaning out of his window. He was stretching his arm as far as he can so the hot air
can reach the pigeon.”（Yılmaz 并没有把它抱到屋里取暖，而是插上了吹风机，用它来吹干这只鸟。他不知
道的是，他的邻居拍下了整个过程。在视频中，可以看到 Yılmaz 探出窗外。他把手臂尽可能地伸展，好让
热空气够到鸽子。）可知，我们能从视频中看到 Yılmaz 正在用一种新奇的方式给鸽子加热。故选 C。
7．推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Rather than pick him up and take him inside to warm up, Yılmaz plugged
in a hairdryer and used it to dry off the bird.（Yılmaz 并没有把它抱到屋里取暖，而是插上了吹风机，用它来吹
干这只鸟。）”第四段第一句“Yılmaz told the media that he spent about fifteen minutes drying off the bird.（Yılmaz
告诉媒体，他花了大约 15 分钟把鸟晾干。）”和第五段第一句“After fifteen minutes, Yılmaz gave the pigeon
birdseed, which he ate happily.（十五分钟后，Yılmaz 给了鸽子食，他吃得很开心。）”可知，用“同情和热心
的”最能描述 Sabahattin Yılmaz。故选 D。
二、（福建省三明市 2021 届高三质检）
Emerson, my 11-year-old daughter, is constantly contacting with the United States Postal Service (USPS)and
our mail carrier, Doug. She las a serious letter-writing habit and maintains correspondence with her favorite people.
If you've been the receiver of her hand-decorated letters and envelopes, then I know they really make your day.
A letter from Emerson is likely to include some art, a joke and enough questions to guarantee a response. But
when she wrote a letter to Doug, she put something new in it: "You may know me as the person living here that
writes lots of letters...You're very important to me, helping me stay in touch with friends. I cheer people up with my
letters, but you do too!"
The next day, a package arrived with two letters. One was from Doug and the other from his superior, Sara,
saying she had shared Emerson's note in the internal newsletter of the USPS and believed many postal folks wanted
to thank Emerson. Emerson was so pleased with the letter that it upset me much, for the possible result of no reply
would come as a blow to her.
Surprisingly, today, we saw Doug come with two boxes of letters from around the country. These letters were
so human, filled with family, pets and a sense of kindness. But there was something more in them. People felt
seen—some for the first time in a long time. "I work alone in a small rural post office..." "Not many people think
about how hard we work…" Emerson wrote back seriously.
I'm sharing this not because I'm a proud dad, but because it's relatively easy, if we take the time, to give others
links they need to be well. We all want to be seen, known and loved. Send a letter. Give a call. Take a step of
bravery, like Emerson.
4．What do we know about Emerson's letters?
A．They make receivers joyful.
B．They are all about family and pets.
C．They contain many practical jokes.
D．They are written to postal folks.
5．According to Paragraph 3, the author felt unsettled because__________.
A．Emerson was too delighted with the package.
B．there might be no answer to Emerson's note.
C．postal folks would like to express their gratitude.
D．Sara had shared Emerson's note without permission.
6．Which word can best describe Emerson?
A．Humorous. B．Serious. C．Ambitious. D．Caring.
7．What can be concluded from the text?
A．Courage lightens the blow.
B．Brief is life but love is long.
C．Connection makes a difference.
D．Life without a friend is death.
【答案】
4．A
5．B
6．D
7．C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。11 岁的 Emerson 喜欢写信，有天她给邮递员 Doug 写了一封信表达自己的
感激之情。Emerson 的行为影响了很多人，她收到了很多人的来信。从一封封信件中，作者看到了联系的重
要性。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段的“If you've been the receiver of her hand-decorated letters and envelopes, then
I know they really make your day.（如果你收到过她亲手装饰的信件和信封，那么我知道它们真的让你开心。）”
可知，Emerson 的信可以让收信人开心。故选 A。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Sara, saying she had shared Emerson's note in the internal newsletter of the
USPS and believed many postal folks wanted to thank Emerson. Emerson was so pleased with the letter that it
upset me much, for the possible result of no reply would come as a blow to her.（Sara 说，她在美国邮政局的内部
通讯中分享了 Emerson 的留言，相信许多邮政人员都想感谢 Emerson。Emerson 对这封信非常满意，这封信
使我非常不安，因为没有回信可能的结果对她来说是一个打击。）”可知，Emerson 的父亲感到不安，是因
为他担心对于 Emerson 的留言可能会没有回信，这可能会打击到 Emerson。故选 B。
6．推理判断题。根据第二段“A letter from Emerson is likely to include some art, a joke and enough questions
to guarantee a response. But when she wrote a letter to Doug, she put something new in it: "You may know me as
the person living here that writes lots of letters...You're very important to me, helping me stay in touch with friends.
I cheer people up with my letters, but you do too!"（Emerson 的一封信可能包含一些艺术，一个笑话和足够的
问题，以保证得到回应。但是当她给 Doug 写信时，她在信中写了一些新的东西：“你可能知道我是住在这
里写很多信的人……你对我非常重要，帮助我与朋友保持联系。我用我的信让人们高兴起来，但你也一样！”）”
可知，Emerson 在写信时会考虑收信人的感受，写一个笑话，且在给 Doug 的信里表达了对邮递员 Doug 的
感谢，由此推知 Emerson 是一个体贴的人。故选 D。
7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“But there was something more in them. People felt seen—some for the
first time in a long time. "I work alone in a small rural post office..." "Not many people think about how hard we
work…" Emerson wrote back seriously.（但它们里面还有更多的东西。人们觉得很长时间来第一次见到这些。
“我独自在一家农村邮局工作……”“没多少人想到我们工作有多辛苦……” Emerson 都认真地回信。）” 可知，
Emerson 的信让很多人有了感触，感觉到自己被关心。再最后一段的“if we take the time, to give others links
they need to be well. We all want to be seen, known and loved. Send a letter. Give a call.（如果我们花时间，给别
人他们健康所需要的连接。我们都想被人看见，被知道和被爱。发封信。打个电话。）” 可知，人们都想
被看见，被知道和被爱，而通过联系就能做到这些。由此推知，联系带来很大影响。故选 C。
三、（福建漳州市 2021 届高三质检）
It was just the three of us—my parents and me. My dad is a truck driver, and when I was a little kid, he was
gone most of the time, delivering supplies around the Mid-west. Then we moved to a small house in Brighton.
Colorado on my third birthday. There weren't any kids my age in the neighborhood, so I mostly played in the yard
with the dogs. I had a lot of imaginary friends—a whole family, actually, with a husband, children, a best friend...no
joke.
My first memory is our neighbor Arlene handing me strawberries from her garden. One day, my parents asked
Arlene and her husband Bill whether they'd watch me when they went out. This worked well, so it became a weekly
occurrence.
When I was about five, I had an idea: “What if I adopted Bill and Arlene as my grandparents?” I knocked on
their door and said, “Will you guys be my grandparents?” They started crying and enthusiastically accepted it. Soon
after, they printed out an adoption certificate and it hung on their living room wall from then on.
I remember being surprised that they took my offer so seriously. Thinking of that moment still brings tears to
my eyes. There's something truly remarkable about a child offering her love and adults being so ecstatic to accept it.
From the day I adopted them, I called Bill and Arlene grandpa and grandma. Pretty soon, my parents were calling
them Dad and Mom. Even our animals would often sneak out of our yard to visit them. Over the years, Bill and
Arlene supported me in all my dreams. And when I got accepted to a university, they presented me with a fund.
They told me they'd been putting away money since the day I adopted them.
After Arlene passed away, Bill gave me the ring he'd gifted to Arlene. It's a simple gold band that I wear on my
ring finger as a reminder of the kind of love I wish to put into this world.
4．Before meeting Bill and Arlene, the author probably felt ______.
A．worried B．scared C．lonely D．desperate
5．What do we know about the author's adopted grandparents?
A．They were unfriendly to her animals.
B．They influenced her to reward the world.
C．They ignored her offer to adopt them at first.
D．They gave all their savings to help her with study.
6．What can we learn from the story?
A．Parents should keep their kids companyB．Love goes beyond blood relationship
C．A friend in need is a friend indeed D．There is no place like home
7．What's the author's purpose to write the text?
A．To recall her childhood.
B．To encourage herself to pursue dreams.
C．To treasure the memory of her “grandparents”.
D．To thank her “grandparents” for their instructions.
【答案】
4．C
5．B
6．B
7．C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与养祖父母相识，相知的过程和对养祖父母的怀念。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段“There weren't any kids my age in the neighborhood, so I mostly played in the
yard with the dogs.（附近没有和我同龄的孩子，所以我大部分时间都在院子里和狗玩。）”可知，在见到 Bill
和 Arlene 之前，作者可能感到孤独。故选 C。
5．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It's a simple gold band that I wear on my ring finger as a reminder of the kind
of love I wish to put into this world.（这是我戴在无名指上的一枚简单的金戒指，用来提醒我希望向这个世界
注入什么样的爱。）”可知，作者的养祖父母影响她去回报世界。故选 B。
6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, Bill and Arlene supported me in all my dreams. And when
I got accepted to a university, they presented me with a fund. They told me they'd been putting away money since
the day I adopted them.（这么多年来，比尔和阿琳支持我所有的梦想。当我被一所大学录取时，他们给了我
一笔基金。他们告诉我自从我收养他们的那天起他们就一直在存钱。）”可推断，爱超越了血缘关系。故选
B。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It's a simple gold band that I wear on my ring finger as a reminder of the kind
of love I wish to put into this world.（这是我戴在无名指上的一枚简单的金戒指，用来提醒我希望向这个世界
注入什么样的爱。）”可知，本文主要讲述了作者与养祖父母相识，相知的过程和对养祖父母的怀念。故选
C。
四、（广东省珠海市 2021 届高三模拟）
A well-dressed man came to a famous jewelry shop. He explained that he wished to buy a pearl for his wife’s
birthday. The price didn’t matter. Since business had been very good for him that year. After examining a nice black
one that cost $5000, he paid for the pearl in cash, shook hands with the jeweler, and left.
A few days later the man returned and said that his wife liked the pearl so much that she wanted another one
just like it. It had to be exactly the same size and quality, because she wanted a pair of earrings made, “Can you
give me any advice on how to get such a pearl? ” said the man. The jeweler regretfully replied, “I would say it’s
exactly impossible to find one exactly like that pearl.”
The rich man insisted that the jeweler advertise in the newspapers, offering $ 25,000 for the matching pearl.
Many people answered the advertisement but nobody had a pearl that was just right.
Just when the jeweler had given up hope, a little old lady came into his store. To his great surprise, she pulled
the perfect pearl from her purse. “I don’t like to part with it,” she said sadly, “I got it from my mother, and my
mother from hers. But I really need the money. ”
The jeweler was quick to pay her before she changed her mind. Then he called the rich man’s hotel to tell him
the good news. The man, however, was nowhere to be found.
4．He paid $ 5,000 for the black pearl without bargaining because ______.
A．he loved his wife deeply
B．his business had been successful
C．he was anxious to get it
D．he wanted to make the jeweler believe him
5．He told the jeweler to get him another pearl that must be ______.
A．exactly the same size as the black one
B．exactly as big and nice as the black one
C．exactly as expensive as the black one
D．exactly the same quality as the black one
6．Many people answered the advertisement because they wanted _______.
A．to see the perfect pearl
B．to sell their own pearl at a high price
C．to get in touch with the rich man
D．to help the rich man’s wife
7．The little old lady was probably________.
A．the man’s partner
B．short of money
C．unwilling to sell the pearl
D．the man’s wife
【答案】
4．D
5．B
6．B
7．A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个高超的骗局，一个衣着讲究的男人假装给妻子购买珍珠，
伙同一名妇人骗取珠宝商$20,000 然后逃之夭夭的故事。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知这个男人回头找珠宝商买一模一样的一颗珍珠，结合最后一段“The
jeweler was quick to pay her before she changed her mind.(在她改变主意之前，珠宝商很快就把钱付给了她)”可
知，珠宝商相信了这个男人要高价买珍珠，所以迅速高价跟妇人买下珍珠准备卖给这个男人，由此可推断
男人第一次没有讨价还价就花 5000 美金买下珍珠是为了让珠宝商相信他，故选 D 项。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“A few days later the man returned and said that his wife liked the pearl so much
that she wanted another one just like it. It had to be exactly the same size and quality(几天后，男人回来了，说他
的妻子非常喜欢这颗珍珠，想再买一颗一模一样的。尺寸和质量必须完全相同) ”可知，男人告诉珠宝商还
想要买一颗和之前买的黑珍珠一样大一样好的珍珠。故选 B 项。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段“The rich man insisted that the jeweler advertise in the newspapers, offering $
25,000 for the matching pearl. Many people answered the advertisement but nobody had a pearl that was just
right.(富人坚持要珠宝商在报纸上登广告，出价两万五千美元买与之匹配的珍珠。许多人应征了这则广告，
但没有一个人的珍珠是恰到好处的) ”可推知，很多人应征这个广告是为了高价卖出珍珠，故选 B 项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The jeweler was quick to pay her before she changed her mind. Then he called
the rich man’s hotel to tell him the good news. The man, however, was nowhere to be found.(在她改变主意之前，
珠宝商很快就把钱付给了她。然后他打电话给富人的旅馆，告诉他这个好消息。然而，那个人却无处可寻) ”
可知，珠宝商上当了，结合前文提到这个人高调求购一颗一样的珍珠，最后找到珍珠却找不到他可知，这
个男人和这个妇人联合欺骗了珠宝商，让珠宝商损失了 20000 美金，由此可推知，妇人是这个男人的同伙，
故选 A 项。
五、（湖北省襄阳四中 2021 届高三二模）
Inventor, physicist, surveyor, astronomer, biologist, artist... Robert Hooke was all these and more. Some say he
was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century. In the course of his work, he cooperated with famous
men of science like Isaac Newton, and the great architect, Christopher Wren.
Hooke’s early education began at home, under the guidance of his father. He entered Westminster School at
the age of 13, and from there went to Oxford, where he came in contact with some of the best scientists in England.
Hooke impressed them with his skills at designing experiments and inventing instruments. In 1662, at the age of 28,
he was named Curator of Experiments at the newly formed Royal Society of London — meaning that he was
responsible for demonstrating new experiments at the society’s weekly meeting. Hooke accepted the job, even
though he knew that the society had no money to pay him!
Watching living things through a microscope was one of his favourite pastimes. He invented a compound
microscope for this purpose. One day while observing a cork under a microscope, he saw honeycomb-like
structures. There were cells — the smallest units of life. In fact, it was Hooke who invented the term “cell” as the
box-like cells of the cork reminded him of the cells of a monastery．Another achievement of Hooke’s was his book
Micrographia, which introduced the enormous potential of the microscope. It contains fascinating drawings of the
thing he saw under the microscope. The book also includes, among other things, ideas on gravity, light and burning
that may have helped scientists like Newton when they were developing their own theories on these phenomena.
Hooke made a valuable contribution to astronomy too. A crater on the moon is named after him in honour of
his services to this branch of science.
4．We can infer from Paragraph 2 that Hooke is ________.
A．friendly B．sociable C．creative D．helpful
5．Which is the possible reason why Hooke accepted the job as Curator of Experiments?
A．He liked designing experiments. B．His family needed his support.
C．He wanted to please the famous scientists in England. D．His parents couldn’t afford his education.
6．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．Hooke went to Oxford in 1645. B．Hooke was well paid in the Royal Society of London.
C．Hooke made a contribution to medicine.D．Hooke’s book Micrographia may have helped Newton.
7．The last paragraph is to prove that ________.
A．Hooke was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century
B．Hooke was good at making discoveries
C．Hooke’s contributions were not limited to one field
D．Hooke was one of the greatest astronomers
【答案】
4．C
5．A
6．D
7．C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了英国伟大的科学家生物学家，细胞的发现者——Robert Hooke
的个人经历和成就。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hooke impressed them with his skills at designing experiments and inventing
instruments.( Hooke 在设计实验和发明仪器方面的技巧给他们留下了深刻的印象)”可推知，Hooke 是个有创
造力的人。故选 C。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hooke impressed them with his skills at designing experiments and inventing
instruments. In 1662, at the age of 28, he was named Curator of Experiments at the newly formed Royal Society of
London — meaning that he was responsible for demonstrating new experiments at the society's weekly meeting.
Hooke accepted the job, even though he knew that the society had no money to pay him!( Hooke 在设计实验和发
明仪器方面的技能给他们留下了深刻的印象。1662 年，28 岁的他被任命为新成立的伦敦皇家学会的实验馆
长，这意味着他负责在学会的周会上展示新的实验。Hooke 接受了这份工作，尽管他知道学会没有钱付给他!)”
可知，Hooke 接受实验馆长一职的原因是他喜欢设计实验。故选 A。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Another achievement of Hooke’s was his book Micrographia, which
introduced the enormous potential of the microscope. (胡克的另一项成就是他的《微生物学》，这本书介绍了显
微镜的巨大潜力)”以及“The book also includes, among other things, ideas on gravity, light and burning that may
have helped scientists like Newton when they were developing their own theories on these phenomena. (书中还包
括了一些关于重力、光和燃烧的观点，这些观点可能对牛顿等科学家在研究这些现象时有所帮助)”可知，D
选项“Hooke 的《微生物学》这本书可能对牛顿有帮助”正确。故选 D。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hooke made a valuable contribution to astronomy too. A crater on the moon is
named after him in honour of his services to this branch of science.(Hooke 对天文学也作出了宝贵的贡献。月球
上的一个环形山是以他的名字命名的，以纪念他对这门科学的贡献)”可推知，最后一段是为了证明 Hooke
的贡献并不局限于一个领域。故选 C。
六、（江苏省南京大学附中 2021 届高三模拟）
The boy sat on his chair, with his hands above the keyboard. He thought about what to write.
He recalled that the competition deadline was merely a week away. But he still had not even started on his
piece. He looked at the brochure again.“WRITING COMPETITION！” the title read. His mom had encouraged him
to enter the writing competition, and now he was taking it on as his personal task for the holidays.
As the boy reflected on his previous writing efforts, he realized how hopeless his task of winning was. Every
story he ever wrote was based on other stories. He had little imagination, and unfortunately, imagination was the
key to writing.
Suddenly, he had a brainwave. This time, he came up with an original and imaginative story.
The words shot towards him like a storm of leaves. Words were coming easily, flowing through him, faster
than he could type. He typed faster than he ever had before. He continued to type, amazed how easy writing this
story was. The boy could not stop writing. He looked at the word count and saw the number “248” staring right
back at him. He was not even halfway yet.
Then he heard his mother’s call of saying time for bed. He continued writing the piece, ignoring her. He had to
make up for the time he had lost in thinking about a topic to write.
Finally, he finished. The word count now read “498”.
“Perfect，” he thought, “just under the word limit.” He knew this was the story that would win.
He went to the website and searched for the competition. He found the page but there was no “Enter” button.
Confused, he then re-read the page again. It read COMPETITION CLOSED．
4．What caused the boy to take part in the writing competition?
A．A new computer.
B．The prize money.
C．His own interest.
D．His mom’s encouragement.
5．How did the boy finish his earlier writing?
A．His mom helped him.
B．He copied others’ ideas.
C．His friends assisted him.
D．He used his imagination.
6．Why did the boy delay his writing?
A．Because he was terribly lazy.
B．Because he didn’t know what to write.
C．Because he wasn’t confident.
D．Because he read too many stories.
7．Which might be the maximum word limit for each entry?
A．100. B．250.
C．500. D．1000.
【答案】
4．D
5．B
6．B
7．C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了一位小男孩参加网络写作比赛，当他写好文章准备提交时，
页面上却显示比赛结束了。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段 His mom had encouraged him to enter the writing competition, and now he was
taking it on as his personal task for the holidays.他的妈妈鼓励他参加写作比赛，现在他把写作作为假期的个人
任务。可知，他参加写作比赛是他妈妈鼓励的。故选 D 项。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段 Every story he ever wrote was based on other stories.他之前写的每一个故事
都是以其他故事为基础。可知，以前写作时，他总是仿照别人的故事写。故选 B 项。
6．细节理解题。根据第一段中的 He thought about what to write.他思考着写什么。可知，由于他不知道
写什么，延误了写作时间。故选 B 项。
7．推理判断题。根据第七段 Finally, he finished. The word count now read “498”.他写了 498 个词，终于
完成了。及第八段“Perfect,” he thought, “just under the word limit.”他认为太完美了，刚好低于限定的词数。
推测文章的最高限定词数可能为 500。故选 C 项。
七、（ 2021 届高三模拟）
As a geothermal scientist, I know that boiling rivers exist—but they are always near volcanoes. You need a lot
of heat to make that much water boil. We were working in the volcanic gap, a 950-mile-long area that covers most
of Peru, where there hasn’t been active volcanism for the past two million years.
Yet we’d found the Shanaya, a name originated from “heating thing”. My measurements averaged 190°-195°F.
The locals think it’s so hot because of the Yacumama, or “water mother”—a spirit who gives birth to
waters—represented by a snake-head-shaped rock at the origin of the heated water.
I had to cut my way through the bush at the side of the river to take temperature readings. All the while, right
next to me was this very hot, fast-flowing body of water. A friend at the nearest village had told me, “Use your feet
like eyes.” You can’t see heat, but you can feel it when you step near it. I wore sandals(凉鞋）.
I was at a part of the river measuring 210°F, standing on a rock the size of a sheet or paper, when the rain fell.
It was like a curtain rising. The temperature differential between the rain and the river caused a whiteout. I couldn’t
see, but I whistled to let my partner know I was OK.
At 130°F flesh cooks, and the water around me was nearing twice that. My eyes would have cooked in less
than a minute, and I couldn’t have seen how to get out. I saw rats fall in, their eyes turning milky white. I kept
whistling.
After 15 minutes the rain stopped and the steam cleared. A hard rain in most situations would have been
nothing important. Here, for a matter of minutes, it thinned the line between researching and being boiled alive.
4．What do we know about boiling rivers?
A．They are always found not far from volcanoes.
B．They were discovered two million years ago.
C．Geothermal scientists doubt their existence.
D．Most of them can be found in Peru.
5．Why did the author wore sandals ?
A．It was convenient to wear sandals in the river.
B．He was advised to do so by his friend.
C．He wanted to feel heat with his feet.
D．The temperature was high there.
6．What happened to the author when it rained?
A．He signaled to his partner for help.
B．He was in danger of losing his life.
C．He raised a curtain to protect himself.
D．He fell down because of his blindness.
7．What is the best title for the text?
A．Water near volcanoes.
B．Milky white eyes.
C．Boiling point.
D．A hard rain.
【答案】
4．A
5．C
6．B
7．C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者作为作为一名地热科学家，知道沸腾的河流一般存在在火山附近，
本文叙述了作者在过去的 200 万年里都没有活火山活动的区域找到沸腾河流 Shanaya 的惊险经历。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段的首句“As a geothermal scientist, I know that boiling rivers exist—but they are
always near volcanoes.（作为一名地热科学家，我知道有沸腾的河流存在——但它们总是在火山附近。）”
可知沸腾的河流总是离火山不远。故选 A。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段中“A friend at the nearest village had told me, “Use your feet like eyes.” You
can’t see heat, but you can feel it when you step near it. I wore sandals(凉鞋）.（一位住在最近村庄的朋友告诉
我:“要把你的脚当眼睛用。”“你看不见热，但当你走近它时，你可以感觉到它。我穿着凉鞋。）”可知作者
穿凉鞋是为了感觉热度。故选 C。
6．推理判断题。根据第五段“At 130°F flesh cooks, and the water around me was nearing twice that. My eyes
would have cooked in less than a minute, and I couldn’t have seen how to get out.（在 130 华氏度的温度下，肉可
以被煮熟，而我周围的水接近这个温度的两倍。我的眼睛会在一分钟内被烤熟，而且我不知道怎么出去。）”
可知作者陷入了非常危险的境地，随时可能被煮熟。所以判断出下雨时作者有失去生命的危险。故选 B。
7．主旨大意题。根据文章的主题句“I know that boiling rivers exist—but they are always near volcanoes.（我
知道有沸腾的河流存在，它们总是在火山附近。）”以及作者找到沸腾河流 Shanaya 的细节可知本文叙述了
作者在过去的 200 万年里都没有活火山活动的区域找到沸腾河流 Shanaya 的惊险经历。可知 C 选项“ 沸点”
为短文最佳标题。故选 C。
八、（辽宁省 2021 届高三联考）
A young woman was walking in Santa Ana, California, when she came upon an elderly street vendor (小贩)
selling tamales (玉米粉蒸肉). Seeing how tired he looked in his wheelchair, she decided to give him a few bucks
and a sandwich—and she also gave him a sympathetic ear to listen to his story.
When Kenia Barragan first saw Jose Villa Ochoa, she thought of her own parents. “I felt for him,” she told
KTTV News, “My parents are both older, and I would hate to see my dad out selling tamales for somebody and
barely making ends meet.”
Known as “Don Joel”, he explained that although he wanted a job, no company would hire him because of his
age. In order to keep himself out of debt, he started to sell tamales cooked by a local woman. At the end of each
hard day, she would give him a cut of the earnings. This allowed him to buy food, but was not enough for him to
afford his medical treatment or a phone.
The 28-year-old woman was happy to listen to Don Joel’s story, but she wanted to do more. She made an
appeal to her followers on Instagram for some assistance. Within a week, friends and strangers flooded her with
more than $84 000 in donations.
In addition to the money raised for Don Joel’s retirement, Kenia purchased him a new wheelchair and a shiny
new pair of shoes. Even though he’s 94, he says he feels like he’s 40 now, because the kindness has made him feel
so alive. He describes the generosity as “life-changing”.
Kenia feels exactly the same way. She says she’s always looking for a purpose that helps people and that she’s
been living in line with those values in her current job, working with people who have disabilities to get them
transportation. Her goal in life is to establish a homeless shelter.
4．Why did Don Joel sell tamales?
A．To buy a new wheelchair. B．To struggle for a living.
C．To pay off his medical debt. D．To help a local woman.
5．How did Kenia change Don Joel’s life?
A．By establishing a homeless shelter. B．By giving him money and sandwiches.
C．By collecting donations on Instagram. D．By listening to his story attentively.
6．What can we infer about Kenia in the text?
A．She disliked her father because of his job.
B．She is a wealthy woman ready to help others.
C．She helped Don Joel when she was 40 years old.
D．She is a kind woman aiming to do more charity.
7．What does the author want to tell us?
A．Rose given, fragrant in hand. B．The best hearts are always the bravest.
C．No pain, no gain. D．Sharp tools make good work.
【答案】
4．B
5．C
6．D
7．A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位热心的年轻女士在遇到一位年迈的靠卖玉米粉蒸肉维持
生计的老人后，决定通过网络募捐来帮助这位老人的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“In order to keep himself out of debt, he started to sell tamales cooked by
a local woman.(为了不欠债，他开始售卖由一位当地的女人制作的玉米粉蒸肉)”可知， Don Joel 是为了维持
生计才去卖玉米粉蒸肉的。故选 B。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句“She made an appeal to her followers on Instagram for some
assistance. Within a week, friends and strangers flooded her with more than $84000 in donations.(她在 Instagram
上向她的粉丝请求帮助。不到一周，朋友和陌生人就向她捐赠了超过 84000 美元)”及倒数第二段内容可知，
Kenia 通过在 Instagram 上为 Don Joel 筹集捐款进而改善了 Don Joel 艰苦的生活。故选 C。
6．推理判断题。通读全文尤其是最后一段最后一句“Her goal in life is to establish a homeless shelter.(她的
人生目标是建立一个无家可归者收容所)”可知，Kenia 不仅帮助 Don Joel 提升了生活质量，她还想专门为无
家可归的人们建立一个收容所。由此可推知，她是一个想要做更多慈善（工作）的善良女性。故选 D。
7．推理判断题。通读全文尤其是倒数第二段最后一句“He describes the generosity as ‘life-changing’.(他将
这种慷慨描述为“改变生活的”)”及最后一段第一句“Kenia feels exactly the same way.(Kenia 也有同样的感觉)”
可知，Kenia Barragan 在帮助他人的同时感觉自己的生活也发生了改变。由此可推知，文章旨在告诉我们，
赠人玫瑰，手有余香。故选 A。
九、（辽宁省朝阳市 2021 届高三模拟）
Teachers in poor areas are always being asked to do more with less. They're given smaller budgets and larger
tasks in schools that employ fewer teachers and take in more students. But none of these struggles can quite
compare to the challenges faced by a computing teacher Akoto in Ghana who teaches his students how to use
computers.
Akoto recently posted photos of his classroom, and they've gotten quite a response. Akoto is an information
and communication technology (ICT) teacher who has been assigned to teach his students without using an actual
computer. So like any good teacher, Akoto teaches them by drawing pictures of a computer on the blackboard.
Akoto recently shared images of one of his computer lessons, in which he can be seen using multi-colored
chalk to draw the features of Microsoft Word software on the blackboard. In one of the photos, you can see his
students drawing the same images in their notebooks.
One might ask, "Why do they bother to take such a challenging course?" But here's the reason: Even though
the students at Akoto's school don't have computers, they are still required to pass a national exam that includes a
section on computing skills before they move or to high school.
So Akoto does what he needs to do to ensure that his students understand the material He has drawn pictures
many times for his students over his six years and just happened to share the pictures this time on Facebook. He
says he has his own personal laptop, but it is different from the one Akoto is required to teach. He doesn't bring it to
class for fear of confusing the kids with a computer that they have never seen.
The good news is that those Facebook pictures made their way to the right place. Microsoft Africa promised to
give him some proper resources. Others also stepped up to the plate and helped out Akoto. NIIT Ghana, an
information technology training institution, donated five computers to Akoto's school and one for Akoto himself. A
PhD student at the University of Leeds in the U. K. inspired by Akoto also donated a computer.
4．Which of the following best describes the state of Akoto's school?
A．Well-funded. B．Underdeveloped. C．Full-equipped. D．Unattended.
5．How do Akoto's students react to his classes?
A．They model after his behavior in class. B．They learn to identify multi-colored chalk.
C．They usually take photos of the computers. D．They often share images of their lessons online.
6．Why does Akoto choose not to bring his own laptop to his classes?
A．He is unwilling to share it. B．He is confused by its system.
C．He is uncertain about its function. D．He is afraid to puzzle his students
7．What can we conclude from the last paragraph?
A．To stand still is to move back. B．Actions speak louder than words.
C．Great things can be achieved by joint effort. D．A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
【答案】
4．B
5．A
6．D
7．C
【解析】本文是记叙文。Akoto 是加纳的一位老师，由于条件有限,他常在黑板上画出电脑的图像进行
计算机教学。一次，他把自己授课的图片发到了 Facebook 上，这一举动让更多人了解到他们的困境，大家
纷纷帮助他们。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段“Teachers in poor areas are always being asked to do more with less. They're
given smaller budgets and larger tasks in schools that employ fewer teachers and take in more students. But none of
these struggles can quite compare to the challenges faced by a computing teacher Akoto in Ghana who teaches his
students how to use computers.(贫困地区的教师总是被要求用更少的钱做更多的事。 他们被给予更少的预算
和更大的任务在学校雇用更少的教师和接收更多的学生。 但是，这些困难都无法与加纳计算机老师 Akoto
所面临的挑战相提并论。Akoto 教他的学生如何使用计算机)”以及第二段中“Akoto recently posted photos of
his classroom, and they've gotten quite a response. Akoto is an information and communication technology (ICT)
teacher who has been assigned to teach his students without using an actual computer. (Akoto 最近贴出了他教室
的照片，他们得到了相当多的回应。 Akoto 是一名信息和通信技术教师，他被指派在不使用电脑的情况下
教他的学生)”可推知，Akoto 所在的学校教学条件比较落后。故选 B。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段“Akoto recently shared images of one of his computer lessons, in which he can be
seen using multi-colored chalk to draw the features of Microsoft Word software on the blackboard. In one of the
photos, you can see his students drawing the same images in their notebooks.( Akoto 最近分享了他的一节计算机
课的图片，可以看到他在黑板上用彩色粉笔画出了微软 Word 软件的特征。 在其中一张照片中，你可以看
到他的学生在他们的笔记本上画同样的图像)”可知，Akoto 的学生在课堂上模仿他在笔记本上画出同样的图
像。故选 A。
6．细节理解题。根据第五段中“He doesn't bring it to class for fear of confusing the kids with a computer that
they have never seen.(他没有把它带到课堂上，因为他担心孩子们会因为一台他们从未见过的电脑而感到困
惑)”可知，Akoto 不把自己的笔记本电脑带进教室是因为害怕孩子们会把他的电脑和他画的电脑混淆。故选
D。
7．推理判断题。 根据最后一段“The good news is that those Facebook pictures made their way to the right
place. Microsoft Africa promised to give him some proper resources. Others also stepped up to the plate and helped
out Akoto. NIIT Ghana, an information technology training institution, donated five computers to Akoto's school
and one for Akoto himself. A PhD student at the University of Leeds in the U. K. inspired by Akoto also donated a
computer.(好消息是，这些 Facebook 上的照片到了正确的地方。微软非洲承诺给他一些适当的资源。其他人
也站出来帮助 Akoto。加纳信息技术培训机构 NIIT 向 Akoto 的学校捐赠了五台电脑，给 Akoto 本人捐赠了
一台。 受 Akoto 启发，英国利兹大学的一名博士生也捐赠了一台电脑)”可知，Akoto 分享的照片引起了很
大的反响，大家纷纷帮助他们。故 C 项“众人拾柴火焰高”符合题意。故选 C。
十、（ 2021 届高三模拟）
The news that all teachers were expected to attend camp with their students left me feeling unsettled. For the
first time in more than 20 years, I would need to spend three days in the early autumn bush with 120 14-year-olds.
I love spending time with teenagers. But I teach Grade 12 English and am 51 years old. There is a difference
between a literary seminar on King Lear, no matter how lively it may be, and late-night party in a campground.
Besides, my idea of “outdoors” is biking on the Ottawa bike paths or sitting in the backyard with a cup of tea and a
good book.
Eventually, we turn down a long dirt track that dives deep into a forest. I read the schedule and note the
impressive minute-by-minute detail for the next 72 hours. I’ve never faced such a structured(高度组织化的) time
since, well, when I went to camp in Grade 9. I think of home.
The next morning, I arise early. It is 7 a.m. Time for the polar bear dip. Everyone asks if I am going to swim. I
respond with lame excuses and then wander, like a Grade 8 boy at the edges of a middle-school dance. Kids charge
in, great plumes(股流) of water rising up around them as they shout with joy. My colleagues link arms, count down
and run into the water bravely. Toweling off, the swimmers discuss the water temperature. The regret that I knew I
would feel starts to kill me. I will now forever be the guy who did not take part in the polar bear dip. I walk slowly
up to the dining hall and decide that from that moment on I will commit fully to camp life. My unwillingness to do
anything is replaced with a burning desire to do everything.
At 7 a.m. the next morning, I am the first person on the beach in my bathing suit. I dive into the water. I
scream about how good it feels. Toweling off afterward, I talk to anyone within earshot about the temperature of the
water.
Later that day, the camp winds down. Something has happened in this camp. To the students, for sure, but also
to me. When the last camper leaves, I give the camp director a big hug.
4．How did the author feel before the camp?
A．Angry. B．Disappointed.
C．Anxious. D．Excited.
5．Why does the author mention the literary seminar in Paragraph2?
A．To stress its liveliness. B．To explain its topic.
C．To introduce his preference. D．To show its similarity to camping.
6．Why does the author decide to devote himself to camping?
A．He is fed up with making excuses.
B．He hates to be regret-stricken.
C．He desires to show off his swimming skills.
D．He is encouraged to do so by his colleagues.
7．What happened to the author at the end of the camp?
A．He has used up his energy.
B．He misses home very much.
C．He turns into a camp director.
D．He has become a camp lover.
【答案】
4．C
5．C
6．B
7．D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作为老师的作者得知都要和学生一起参加露营的消息从起初的
感到不安，到参加露营并喜欢上露营的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段“The news that all teachers were expected to attend camp with their students left
me feeling unsettled.”可知，所有老师都要和学生一起参加露营的消息使我感到不安。所以作者在露营开始之
前感到焦虑不安。故选 C 项。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段“There is a difference between a literary seminar on King Lear, no matter how
lively it may be, and late-night party in a campground.”可知，论李尔王的文学讨论会，不管有多热闹，与露营
地的深夜晚会是有区别的。所以作者更喜欢的是文学讨论会而不是露营晚会。由此判断出作者为什么在第
二段提到文学研讨会目的是介绍他的偏好。故选 C 项。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段“The regret that I knew I would feel starts to kill me. I will now forever be the
guy who did not take part in the polar bear dip. I walk slowly up to the dining hall and decide that from that
moment on I will commit fully to camp life.”可知，我知道自己会感到后悔，这种后悔开始杀死我。我将永远
是那个没有参加北极熊潜水的人。我慢慢地走到餐厅，决定从那一刻起，我将全身心地投入到露营生活中。
由此可知，为什么作者决定投身于露营是因为他不喜欢后悔。故选 B 项。
7．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“At 7 a.m. the next morning, I am the first person on the beach in my bathing
suit. I dive into the water. I scream about how good it feels. ”第二天早上 7 点，我是第一个穿着泳衣来到海滩上
的人。我潜入水中。我尖叫着说那感觉有多好。根据最后一段“When the last camper leaves, I give the camp
director a big hug.”当最后一个露营者离开的时候，我给了营地主任一个大大的拥抱。所以露营结束时，他成
了一个露营爱好者。故选 D 项。
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