专题 02 动词的时态和语态 第 2 讲 -过去时态
时间 ：50 分钟 满分：50 分
姓名________________ 得数___________________
I.语法填空（15 分）
[2021·四川资阳市高中第一次诊断性考试] 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词
的正确形式。
Fujian puppetry (木偶戏) has1．uninterrupted thousand-year history. It is one of the contributions of Chinese
performing art to the world's cultural heritage.
By now, no conclusions 2． (reach) on the origins of Chinese puppetry.3．(date) from the Shang Dynasty
(1600-1064), pottery figurines (陶俑) used as burial objects (随葬品) have been discovered at the Yin Ruins.
Wooden figurines appeared during the Spring and Autumn and the Warring States periods. These were a great
4．(improve) on those from previous dynasties,5．represent the early Chinese puppets. Over time, figurines as burial
objects developed into puppets for entertainment on festive occasions.
6．(Lucky), Fujian puppetry has fallen out of favor with younger generations.7． response, worried groups and
bearers created the 2008-2025 Strategy for the Training of Coming Generations of Fujian Puppetry Practitioners.
The key goal8 ． (be) to safeguard the spread of Fujian Puppetry, to promote its progress through professional
training, and 9． (breed) a new generation of puppetry practitioners.
With the broad participation of practitioners, local people and education institutions, Fujian Puppetry can
expect a 10．(bright) future.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了福建木偶戏是中国表演艺术对世界文化遗产的贡献之一。
介绍了其历史以及人们为保护福建木偶戏所作出的努力。
1．an 考查冠词。福建木偶戏有一千年不间断的历史。结合句意表示“有千年历史”短语为 have a thousand-year
history，且 uninterrupted 是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用 an。故填 an。
2．have been reached 考查动词时态语态。到目前为止，关于中国木偶戏的起源还没有得出任何结论。根据
上文 by now 可知用现在完成时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填 have been
reached。
3．Dating 考查非谓语动词。在殷墟中发现的用作随葬品的陶俑，历史可以追溯到商代(1600-1064)。分析句
子结构可知 date 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，date from 无被动式，用现在分词作状语。故填 Dating。
4．improvement 考查词形转换。这些都是在前朝的基础上取得的很大进步，是中国早期木偶的代表。根据
上文 a great 可知应填单数名词 improvement。故填 improvement。
5．which 考查定语从句。这些都是在前朝的基础上取得的很大进步，是中国早期木偶的代表。此处为非限
制性定语从句修饰先行词 those，从句中缺少主语，应用 which，that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填 which。
6．Unluckily 考查词形转换。不幸的是，福建木偶戏在年轻一代中已经失宠。修饰后文整个句子应用副词，
表示“不幸的是”应用 unluckily，句首单词首字母要大写。故填 Unluckily。
7．In 考查介词。为此，忧心忡忡的团体和木偶承担者制定了 2008 年到 2025 年的战略，以培训未来几代福
建木偶从业者。结合句意表示“为此，作为反应”短语为 in response。故填 In。
8．is 考查时态和主谓一致。其核心目标是保障福建木偶业的传播，通过专业培训促进福建木偶业的发展，
培育新一代的木偶业从业人员。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为 The key goal，谓语动词用单数。故填
is。
9．to breed 考查非谓语动词。其核心目标是保障福建木偶业的传播，通过专业培训促进福建木偶业的发展，
培育新一代的木偶业从业人员。根据上文“to safeguard the spread of Fujian Puppetry, to promote its progress
through professional training, and”可知 breed 与上文 to safeguard 和 to promote 构成并列结构，应用不定式作
表语。故填 to breed。
10．brighter 考查比较级。随着从业者、当地民众和教育机构的广泛参与，福建木偶业有望拥有一个更加美
好的未来。结合句意表示“更美好的”，应填形容词比较级 brighter。故填 brighter。
II.应用文写作（10 分）
【江苏省扬州市、宿迁市、连云港市 2021 年 4 月新高考适应性考试】假如你是李华，最近出水痘了，需要
在四月十五日至四月二十八日期间隔离治疗。请写一张病假条给班主任王老师，内容包括：
1.请假时间及原因；
2.在家自学；
3.希望准假。
注意：
1.写作词数应为 80 左右；
2.参考词汇：水痘 chickenpox;
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Wang,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Mr Wang,
Could l ask for two weeks sick leave from April 15th to April 28th? Recently, I haven't been feeling well.
Yesterday I ran a fever with red spots on the skin. Consulting the doctor, I found I got chickenpox, an infectious
illness. To prevent the disease from spreading, I have to be separated from others.
As to the lessons to be missed during my absence, I’ll make them up by learning by myself at home.
I expect your permission for my request. Thank you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生向王老师请病假，写病假条。
词汇积累
咨询：consult→look up
阻止：prevent→stop
关于：as to→as regards
弥补：make up→make good
句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Could l ask for two weeks sick leave from April 15th to April 28th? Recently, I haven't been feeling well.
拓展句：Could l ask for two weeks sick leave from April 15th to April 28th because I haven't been feeling well
recently.
[高分句型 1]
Consulting the doctor, I found I got chickenpox, an infectious illness.使用了现在分词作状语和省略了 that 的宾
语从句；
[高分句型 2]
To prevent the disease from spreading, I have to be separated from others.使用了不定式作目的状语。
III．读后续写 （25 分）
【山东省日照市 2021 届高三下学期 4 月适应性训练考试（二模）】阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开
头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Joan excitedly packed her bags for her upcoming trip with her family. They were driving from New York to
Virginia to go on a brief visit to their distant relatives. She was bursting with impatience to play with her cousins
and chat away with her aunt and uncle.
After all of the suitcases had been loaded into the car, Tonny, Joan’s father, looked to Joan and her mother,
Flora. “Is everyone ready for our road trip?” They both smiled and nodded.
It was going to be quite a long journey, and within a couple of hours Joan had already begun to feel tired. She
began to nod off when she noticed the car veering off the road, sharply to the left.
Tonny managed an emergency stop, got out and walked around the car. He scratched his head, looking
confused. Then, he gave a great sigh. “We have a flat tire(轮胎), ”he said to Flora.
“Use the spare tire in the trunk. Then we can replace it when we reach Virginia, ”she suggested. Tonny looked
down at his feet sheepishly. “I…haven’t had the spare tire replaced since the last time we had a flat.”Flora seemed
upset, but tried to remain positive. “Maybe we can call a service,” she suggested. But a quick glance at their
cellphones told them that there was no signal in the area. Joan looked at her mother in the front seat, and her father
still staring blankly at the flat tire outside. Both of them looked concerned.
Joan began to get worried. No other cars had passed by in a while and it seemed like they were far away
from a town center. She looked out the window, wondering if they would have to sleep in the car or if there was any
way they could possibly find someone to help them. Would they ever make their way to Virginia?Her relatives
would surely be worried about them.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When Joan looked out the window, she saw a car approaching.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
It began to rain and Joan became more worried.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】When Joan looked out the window, she saw a car approaching. She waved to the driver with excitement
and the car slowly came to a stop. An old lady got out of the car. Joan begged whether she could ask a service when
she visited the nearest town. The lady promised to do all she could and then the car disappear at the end of the road.
All of a sudden, the wind seemed to be picking up and the leaves were being blown about.
It began to rain and Joan became more worried. But the only thing she could do was to stay in the car with
her family. The sky was getting darker, but no one came. Suddenly, they spotted headlights in the distance.
Emergency rescuers came to help them! They quickly replaced the tire, and the car started again. The whole family
were deeply moved, not believing what they saw. They set out again with immense gratitude.
【解析】
本文以事情发展为线索展开，讲述了 Joan 兴高采烈地准备和家人一起开始即将到来的旅行。他们正从纽约
开车去弗吉尼亚，去看望他们的远亲。然而，在路上，他们的车胎漏气了。他们迷茫地看着彼此，既没有
备用轮胎，手机也没有信号，无法向别人求助，更糟糕的是，附近也没有车经过，不知道如何是好。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当 Joan 向窗外看时，她看到一辆汽车向她驶来。”可知，第一段可描写 Joan 向车的主
人求助，车主答应帮助他们。
②由第二段首句内容“天开始下雨了，Joan 变得更担心了。”可知，第二段可描写他们等了很长时间，看到
了远处的车灯。紧急救援人员来帮助他们了! 他们很快换好轮胎，汽车又发动了，他们满怀感激和期待地再
次踏上旅途。
2.续写线索：有车经过——求助——等待——得到帮助——感激——再次出发
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.停车：come to a stop/apply the brake
②.恳求：beg/implore
③.承诺做某事：promise to do sth./ undertake to do sth.
情绪类
①.激动：excitement/joy
②.感动：moved/touched
【点睛】
[高分句型 1]. Joan begged whether she could ask a service when she visited the nearest town.（由 whether 引导的
宾语从句作 begged 的宾语）
[高分句型 2].The whole family were deeply moved, not believing what they saw.（现在分词作状语，what 引导
的宾语从句作 believing 的宾语）
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