八年级英语上册期中复习

八年级英语上册期中串讲 巨能初中部 • go on vacation去度假 • stay at home待在家里 • go to the mountains去爬山 • go to the beach去海滩 • visit museums 参观博物馆 • go to summer camp去参观夏 令营 Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? u词组： • go on vacation去度假 • stay at home待在家里 • go to the mountains去爬山 • go to the beach去海滩 • visit museums 参观博物馆 • go to summer camp去参观夏令营 • study for为……而学习 • most of the time大部分时间 • taste good尝起来很好吃 • have a good time玩得高兴 feel like给……的感觉；想要 • because of因为 • find out找出；查明 • go on继续 发生 something important重要的事 •come up 出来 •come out 出版，发芽 开花 • buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物 •make sth. for sb./ make sb. sth. •send sth. to sb./ send sb. sth. •show sth. to sb./ show sb. sth. • nothing…but+动词原形 除了……之外什 么都没有 • seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来…… • arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达 某地 get to /reach • decide to do sth.决定去做某事 • forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 • forget to do sth.忘记做某事 • start doing sth.开始做某事 • stop doing sth. 停止做某事 • stop to do 停下去做某事 • dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 • keep doing sth.继续做某事 • So +adj. + that+从句 如此…以至于…… • tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要） 做某事 • enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 • 1. on vacation 度假 on vacation = on holiday 意为“度假” • 2. anything interesting 一些有趣的东西 • 1）something，anything，nothing，everything是指 物的不定代词。somebody，someone，anybody， anyone，nobody，everybody，everyone是指人的不 定代词。somewhere，anywhere，nowhere， everywhere是指地点的不定代词。 — Hi, Mark. I’m new here. Can you tell me 　about our school? — Of course, Linda. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing • 2）当形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时，放在这些词的后面； There isn’t ______ with your bicycle. you can ride home A something wrong B anything wrong C wrong something D nothing wrong • 3）这些不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。 如： • Is everybody here? 大家都到齐了吗？ • something，somebody，someone，somewhere用于 肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中，而anything， anybody，anyone，anywhere用于否定句及疑问句中。 如： • Did you do anything interesting? 你做了有趣的事吗？ （表疑问） • Why don’t you visit someone with me? 你为什么不跟 我一起去拜访下某个人呢？（表建议） • 3. 提建议的句子： • What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? • Why don’t you + do sth.? 如：Why don’t you go shopping? • Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? • Let’s + do sth. 如： Let’s go shopping • Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping? • Would you like some….? • 5. quite a few 相当多 • a few 与 a little 的区别，few 与 little 的区别 • ⑴ a few 一些 修饰可数名词 • a little 一些 修饰不可数名词 两者都表肯定意义 如：He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。 There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。 • ⑵ few 少数的 修饰可数名词 little 少数的 修饰不可数名词 但两者都表否定意义 如：He has few friends. 他没有几个朋友。 There is little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里没有多少糖。 There are ______ people, so it’s very crowded (拥挤的) A quite a few B a lot C a little D few • 7. Still no one seemed to be bored. 仍然没有人感到烦闷。 • seem意为“好像；似乎；看来”，是个连系动词， 构成的短语有： • seem to do sth. 好像做某事 如：They seem to talk in class. 他们似乎上课说话。 • seem（to be）+adj. 似乎...... 如：He seemed ( to be) ill yesterday. 昨天他似乎病了。 • It seems that + 从句 似乎...... 如It seems that he was ill yesterday. 昨天他似乎病了。 • 11. decide 意为“决定”，是动词。它的名词形 式为decision。构成的短语有： decide to do sth. decide on doing sth. 决定做某事 make a decision to do sth. • 决定不要做某事，要用decide not to do sth.。 • 如：Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已 经决定去北京。 • It’s 19:00. we decide ______ home A going B go to C not to go D not to go to 16. bring sth.to +地点，意为“带来”，其反义词是 take。如： Please bring your book to our school. Please take your book to your school. 17.enough 足够　 形容词＋enough 如：beautiful enough足够漂亮 enough＋名词　 如：enough food 足够食物 enough to 　 足够…去做…　 如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. She is old enough to go to school. 她够大去读书了 Anna is _____ to work out the problems. A.careful enough B.enough careful C. carefully enough D. enough carefully 19. taste good 尝起来很好吃。 taste 系动词用法“尝起来”后+形容词。 其他表示状态的系动词有： feel（觉得） keep（保持）stay（保持） seem（好像）look（看来像……）smell（闻 起来）sound（听起来……）taste（尝起 来……） • 用所给词的正确形式填空 • 1、I look after my and I am .(health) • 2、My teacher wants me (write) a letter • to you . • 3、They (hard) go out of this small town . • 4、The boy is trying (climb) up the tree . • 5、This word is (difference) from the other . • 6、We must do eye (exercise) every day . • 7、My mother (have) a healthy lifestyle . She • eats (little) junk food but more vegetables . • 8、I practice (speak) English every day . • 9、What can I do (improve) my math？ • 10、Jim often (play) computer games . health healthy to write hardly to climb different exercises has less speaking to improve plays 一般过去时 谓语动词变过去式的规则： 动词情况构成方式例词一般情况加-ed ： play—played, work—worked，look—looked 以 -e 结尾的动词加-d ： live—lived，hope—hoped, arrive—arrived 以辅音字母 -y 结尾的动词变y为i加-ed ： study—studied，cry—cried，reply—replied 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的动词双写辅音字 母加-ed ：stop—stopped，regret—regretted， pat—patted，nod—nodded，plan—planned 不规则动词不规则变化（见附表）begin—began 一般过去时 • 一般过去时态的否定和疑问： 1）谓语是实义动词时，要借助于助动词did • We didn’t see anything wonderful yesterday . • Did they finish their homework last Sunday ? • She didn’t do any work this morning . • When did he come to your school ? 2)谓语中有be或情态助动词时，不再另加其它助动词： • There wasn’t anything important in yesterday’s newspaper. • Could he arrive there on time ? Unit2 How often do you exercise? • help with housework帮助做家务 • on weekends在周末 • how often多久一次 • hardly ever几乎从不 • once a week每周一次 • twice a month每月两次 • be free有空 • go to the movies去看电影 • use the Internet用互联网 play tennis打网球 • stay up late熬夜；睡得很晚 at least至少 not…at all一点儿也不…… in one’s free time在某人的业余时间 the most popular最受欢迎的 such as比如；诸如 for example 例如 • old habits die hard积习难改 • go to the dentist去看牙医 • more than多于；超过 • less than少于 • help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 • help sb. do sth. • sb.+ find+ that从句. 某人发现…… • spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光 spend time on sth/ (in) doing sth. • It’s+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事是……的。 • by doing sth. 通过做某事 • the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式 • 3. —How often do you watch TV? 你多久看 一次电视？ • —Twice a week. 一周两次。 • how often表示“多久一次”，是对动作的频率 进行提问。可用于回答表示频率的副词，如 always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never等，或用于回答表示频率的短语，如once a day ，twice a week ，four times a month ， every day 等。如： do you surf the Internet?—Once a week． A．How many times B．How often C．When D．How much 疑问词how的用法 (1) how many，how much表示“多少” how many后 接可数名词复数，how much接不可数名词。 How many times do you go to the park? How much are those pants? • (2)how many times 询问多少次，其答语表示次数。如： once twice，three times等 • How many times do you go to the movies a month? About three times. (3) How old...? 询问年龄 How old are you? I am five. • I go to school five days a week. (对画线部分提问) • (4) How about…? ……如何？ ……怎么样？ How about going to the movies? • (5)how long 询问多长时间，其答语表示一 段时间. • 如：for two days，for three hours等。 • How long will it take to get to the station？ About half an hour。 • (6)how soon 用来询问过多久，多久以后， 其答语是in two hours，in three days等。 • How soon wil he come back？ In an hour • 4. be free意为“有空”是形容词，其反义 词为“be busy”。 free的另一种意思是“自由的不受约束的”， 其名词形式为freedom。 还有一个意思是“免费的”， 如：They enjoy free medical care. 他们享受 免费医疗。 7．She says it’s good for my health. 她说那对我的健康有益。 （1）be good for意思是“对……有好处”。 如： ▲ Doing exercise is good for our health. 进行锻炼对我们的身体有好处。 【辨析】be good for, be good at 与 be good to He’s good ___ swimming．Swimming is good ____ his health. A．for，at B．at，for C．for，for D．at，at • （2）health是一个名词，意思是“健康”，它的形容词形式是 healthy，意思是“健康的”。如： • ▲ My grandmother is over 80 years old, but she is very healthy. 我奶奶八十多岁了，但她非常健康。 • ▲ We should keep in good health.我们要保持健康。We keep _______ and it keeps us ______ A to swim ; health B swimming; healthy C to swim ; healthy D swimming; health • 8. ask sb. (not) to do 叫…(不)做某事 • Teacher asked me to clean the classroom. • Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom. • ask sb. about sth. 问某人某事 • We asked our students about their free time activities. • ask sb. for help 向某人求助 如：ask teacher for help • 14. although为连词，意思是“尽管；虽然”， 表示转折关系，同义词有though。 • 与but作用相同，但是用法不同。但在英语中， although和but不能同时使用，即“虽然”和 “但是”只能用其一。如： • ▲ Although I get up early, I can’t catch the early bus. • = I get up early, but I can’t catch the early bus. — Why do you look unhappy, Lucy? — I can’t learn math well 　　　 I always work hard. A. because B. and C. although D. so 12. be surprised 意为“惊讶” be surprised to do sth惊讶做某事 be surprised that + 从句 to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是　 如： to their surprise　令他们惊讶的是　 to Li Lei’s surprise令李雷惊讶的是 13. stay up 熬夜 如：I often stay up until 12:00pm. 中考链接题 • Yesterday afternoon , when we got to the town , of the shops there was open , so we shouldn’t buy anything . A、all B、any C、some D、none Would you please buy some salt for me , Tony? There is left . A、little B、a little C、few D、a few There is knocking at the door . Go and see who it is . A、nobody B、somebody C、anybody D、everybody D A B • A: Good morning . What’s your trouble ? • B: I don’t feel very well . • A: Did you your temperature ? • B: Yes , I did . My temperature is a little . • A: How long have you been this ? • B: Ever _____ last night . • A: Oh , I see . You’ve got a . • B: Get a cold ? • A: Yes . You’d better at home for two or • three days . • B: Is it serious ? • A: No , I don’t think it is too _______ . But you really • need a good and take this medicine . • B: How do I take this medicine ? • A: Three a day . • B: OK . Thank you . A: It’s my pleasure . take like since cold stay serious often times higher rest Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister • more outgoing更外向 • as…as…与……一样…… • be similar to与……相像的/类似的 • the same as和…相同；与…一致 • be different from与……不同 • care about关心；介意 • be like a mirror像一面镜子 • the most important最重要的 the other其他的 touch one’s heart感动某人 be talented in music有音乐天赋 have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣 reach for 伸手取 in fact事实上；实际上 bring out使显现；使表现出 get better grades取得更好的成绩 as long as只要；既然 make sb. do sth.让某人做某事 1.He has shorter hair than Sam. than 比……（用于形容词，副词的比较级之后） 当两个人或者物进行比较时，要用形容词的比较 级。“比较级 + than” 表示“比......更......”。 一般形容词或副词的比较级是在词后加-er。但要 注意比较的对象。如： I am taller than Jim. 我比吉姆高。 His hair is shorter than Sam’s. This book is more interesting than that one. 形容词和副词的比较级、最高级 1）原级（不作比较），修饰词 so, too,very, pretty, really； 2) 比较级，表示“较……”或“更……”的意思（两者 之间进行比较）, 标志词than, A or B, of the two, 3）最高级，表示“最……”的意思（三者或三者以上作 比较），形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the，后面可 带in（of）短语来什么比较的范围。 Mike did____( badly）in the competition in his class and the teacher was angry —What bad weather! —Yes. The radio says it will be even tomorrow. A. bad B. badly C. worse D. worst • 备注（1）比较级前可加much, far, even , still, a lot, a little, a bit 等词修饰，不可加 very. • (2) 比较级+and +比较级（越来越......) 如 taller and taller或more and more popular • (3) The + 比较级，the +比较级 （ 越.....就越......) • 如The more books she reads, the better she understands. • • 2. 反意疑问句 • ①肯定陈述句＋否定提问　 • 如：Lily is a student, isn’t she? • ②否定陈述句＋肯定提问 • 如：She doesn’t come from China, does she? • ③提问部分用代词而不用名词 • 如：Lily is a student, isn’t she? • ④陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如little, few, never, nothing, hardly等。其反意疑问句用肯 定式。 • 如：He knows little English, does he?　 • They hardly understood it, did they? • 8. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人） • 如：Don’t laugh at me! 不要取笑我! • 9. They’re both tall. 他们两个都是高个子。 • both adj./pron./adv. 两个都…… • 用在be 动词后，行为动词前。 • You are both too young. They both speak English. • Both of …..+名词复数（复数谓语） • Both of the flowers are beautiful. 两朵花都很漂亮。 • both…and…两者都……（复数谓语） • 反义词组：neither…nor…两者都不…… • （谓语单复数按照就近原则） • Tara and her sister_______ quiet and they _______ sports. A. are both, both like B. are both, like both C. both are, both like D. both are, like both • 11. need 是动词，需要。 • need sth.需要…… Plant needs water。 • need to do sth. 需要做…… You didn’t need to tell him the news， it just made him sad. • need doing sth. Flowers need watering。 • as long as 只要；既然。 You don’t need a lot of friends as long as they're good. 你不需要很多朋友，只要他们好就可以了 • take……seriously • serious 意为“严肃的；认真的；严重的” • be serious about sth. 如： • He was serious about the matter. 他对那件事很认真。 • be serious with sb. 如： • There’s nothing much serious with you. 对你来说没那么严重 Unit4 What’s the best movie theater? • movie theater电影院 close to…离……近 • so far到目前为止 talent show才艺表演 • ....and so on等等 • have.... in common共同；共有 • be up to sb. (to do sth.)是……的职责； 由……决定(去做某事） • make up编造（故事、谎言等，人做主语） • be made up 被编造（事物做主语） • play a role in doing sth…在……方面发挥 作用/有影响 • around the world世界各地；全世界 • all kinds of……各种各样的 • not everybody并不是每个人 • take…seriously认真对待 • come true（梦想、希望）实现；达到 • How do you like…? 你认为……怎么样？ =What do you think of...? • Thanks for doing sth.因做某事而感谢。 What do you think of 970 AM? (改为同义句) 　 --- __ did you ________the summer vacation? --- It was terrible. I have too much homework to do A. What; think of B How liked C How; think of D How ; feel about • play a role in doing sth. • 发挥做某事是作用/在做某事扮演重要的角色 • the +序数词+形容词最高级+名词 • 如： • He is the second tallest boy in the class. • one of the +最高级+名词复数 • （最...之一，做主语时看做单数) • 如: One of the longest rivers in China is the Yellow River. • Jim is taller than any other boy in his class . (改同义 句) Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show? • learn from从……获得；向……学习 • find out查明；弄清 • go on发生 继续 • try one’s best尽某人最大努力 be famous as+职业 作为…有名 be famous for+原因 因为…而有名 • have a discussion about sth. 就某事讨论 discuss sth. with sb.与某人讨论某事 • dress up打扮；梳理 • take sb.’s place代替；替换 • do a good job干得好 • let /make/have sb. do sth.让某人做某事 • plan to do sth.计划/打算做某事 • hope to do sth.希望做某事 • happen to do sth.碰巧做某事 • expect to do sth.盼望做某事 • get/be ready to do sth.准备/乐于做某事 • I don't mind.我不介意。 • I can't stand (doing) sth. 不能忍受（做）某事。 习惯用法、搭配 • ----What do you think of talk shows? • ----I don’t mind them. • I hope to be a TV reporter one day. How about you? • What do you think of 970 AM? (改同义句) 语法 ----动词不定式做宾语 want,hope,expect,plan,would like,agree +to do to do like,love,begin,start+ doing, 意思无太大 差别 to do forget,remember,try,stop+ doing,意思有 差别 初中英语教材里后接动名词和不定 式作宾语的动词 • 一、有些动词只能接不定式做宾语或宾补。 例 ask sb. to do sth. tell sb. to do sth. • wish sb to do sth. hope to do sth. • decide to do sth. choose to do sth. • help sb. (to) do sth. expect to do sth • • The police expected ____(find out )who stole the black car. 三、有些动词后面既可接不定式，又可接动名词，其意义 基本相同，区别不大。如；like，love 四、有些词后面既可以接不定式．亦可接动名词， 须特别注意 remember / forget doing sth. remember/ forget to do sth. try to do / try doing： They are trying _______ what is going on around the world. A.look for B.to look for C.to find out D.find out • 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 • 1、I’m sure he would love (come) . • 2、Are the boys (listen) to the radio ? • 3、I’m sorry (make) you (cry) . • 4、We’re (real) busy this week ? • 5、The students (visit) the Great Wall the day after tomorrow . • 6、He is the (twenty) to get there . • 7、We’re discussing where (go) . • 8、Thanks a lot for (give) me the book . • 9、Jim (begin) (learn) Chinese two • years ago . • 10、The old man asked the policeman (help) him. • 11、Jack went home after he finished (read) 二、有些动词或短语只接动名词 （doing)做宾语： • mind，enjoy, keep (on), stand(忍受)，allow , feel like practice, have fun doing sth.例如： • 如：His wife doesn't allow smoking inside the room and often advised him to give up smoking. • She doesn't feel like eating anything，being ill for a few days. • He tries ___English well. And he practic___English every day. A.to learn, to speak B.learning,speaking C.to learn,speaking D.learning,to speak He doesn't mind ______ ( 打扮）as a ugly girl. UNIT 6 I'm going to study computer science words : improve own scientist relationship college personal education university medicine grow up foreign be sure about discuss be able to promise at the beginning of have to do with take up