八年级英语下册期中复习

Unit 1 What's the matter? 1.提问某人怎么了？ What's the matter with ...? What's wrong with...? What's the trouble/problem with...? 2.患...病 （have a +疾病名） 患感冒 have a cold 胃疼 have a stomachache 发烧 have a fever 头疼 have a headache 牙疼 have a toothache (tooth--teeth) 咳嗽 have a cough 喉咙疼 have a sore throat 背疼 have a sore back 3.重点句型 a. 询问建议及提建议 ---What should I/she/he do? ---You/She/He should + V.原形。 （should是情态动词， should/shouldn't +V. 原形） b. 你下次不应该吃这么多。 You shouldn't eat so much next time. c. ---我应该量体温吗？---是的。/不是。 Should I take my temperature? Yes, you should./ No, you shouldn't. 4. too much VS. much too too much + 不可数名词 too much homework/pressure much too + adj./adv. much too heavy/fast Eg. He eats ___________ food, so he is _________ fat.too much much too 5. enough 的用法 a. 修饰n., 放在n.的前面 enough time/water/money b. 修饰adj./adv.,放在adj./adv.的后面old/fast enough 6.重点短语 躺下休息 喝蜂蜜热茶 量体温 看牙医/医生 休息 下车 使...惊讶的 立即，马上 用尽 掌管 做决定 坚持做某事 习惯于...; 适应于... 过去常做某事 5. enough 的用法 a. 修饰n., 放在n.的前面 enough time/water/money b. 修饰adj./adv.,放在adj./adv.的后面old/fast enough 6.重点短语 躺下休息 lie down and rest 喝蜂蜜热茶 drink hot tea with honey 量体温 take one's temperature 看牙医/医生 see a dentist/doctor 休息 take a break, take breaks, have a rest 下车 get off； 使...惊讶的 to one's surprise 立即，马上 right away= at once 用尽 run out (of); 掌管 be in control of 做决定 make a decision, make decisions 坚持做某事 keep on doing sth. 习惯于...; 适应于... be used to (doing/n.) 过去常做某事 used to do sth. 考点一：情态动词基本含义 can ( could ) 能，会 may (might) 可以，可能 will (would) 将，会，愿意 must 必须 have to不得不 need 需要 sb need to do sth ,sth need doing . should应该 had better 最好 had better (not) do sth 7 考点二：表猜测语气的情态动词 表猜测性的情态动词有：may ， can’t ， must 。 may表没把握的猜测。 can’t 表有把握的否定猜测。 must 表有把握的肯定猜测 8 考点三：情态动词开头的疑问句的答语 句型 肯定回答 否定回答 Can I… Yes, you can . No, you can’t . May I … Yes ,you may. No, you mustn’t. No, you can’t. Must I… Yes, you must. No, you needn’t. No you don’t have to Need I… Yes, you must. No, you needn’t 9 考点四：易混词的辨析 （一）must 与have to We _____study hard . We _____stay at home because it is raining. 提示：must 表主观看法，意为“必须”。 have to表客观需要，意为“不得不” （二）maybe与may be ______he is right . It______ rainy tomorrow. Maybe为副词意思为“大概，也许” must have to Maybe may be 10 考点总结 • 1,单词的意思 • 2情态动词的答语 • 3表猜测的情态动词may, can’t ,must . • 4易混淆的情态动词 can与 be able to ； have to与 must ；maybe与 may be ； can’t mustn’t 注意：need的用法；had better 的用法。 11 Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city park. 1. could 表示提建议 Eg.You could help to clean up the city parks. 2. 短语动词 cheer up (cheer them up) hand out (hand them out) give out, clean up, come up with, put off, put up, call up, give up, care for, try out, give away, take after, set up,fix up 在V. + adv.的结构中，代词作宾语， 应放在V.与adv.中间 3. 动词不定式 to+V. 原形 a. 动词不定式作宾语 三个希望(hope, wish, expect)两需要(need, want)，设法(try) 同意(agree)做准备(prepare)，开始(begin)计划(plan)莫忘记 (forget)，记着(remember)决定(decide)能学会(learn) b.动词不定式作宾语补足语 advise/ask/want/tell/allow/encourage/invite/would like/expect/need/wish sb. to do sth. c.动词不定式作宾补省略不定式符号to 一感二听三让四看半个帮助 feel; listen to, hear; let, make, have; see, watch, notice, look at d.与特殊疑问词连用， 特殊疑问词+ to do how to care for, what to do, where to go 4. alone VS. lonely alone 独自地 live alone lonely 孤独的， 寂寞的 feel lonely 5. 重点短语 推迟做某事 帮忙解决 放弃做某事 满足感 愉快的表情 四岁时 有影响，作用 花费时间/金钱 d.与特殊疑问词连用， 特殊疑问词+ to do how to care for, what to do, where to go 4. alone VS. lonely alone 独自地 live alone lonely 孤独的， 寂寞的 feel lonely 5. 重点短语 推迟做某事 put off doing sth. 帮忙解决 help out; (help sb. out) 放弃做某事 give up doing sth. 满足感 a feeling of satisfaction 愉快的表情 the look of joy 四岁时 at the age of four 有影响，作用 make a difference 花费时间/金钱 Sb. spend time/money on sth. Sb. spend time/money (in) doing sth. It takes sb. some time to do sth. •关于小品词to (1).不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要 省略该动词. eg: Would you like to go with me ? I’d like to . (2). 不定式是to be 结构, be 不可省. eg: Would you like to be a teacher? I’d like to be. (3). 非谓语动词 (动词不定式和动词-ing形式) 中考考查重点讲解 e.g. 1. He has promised to behave better later. 2. The boy decided not to become a sailor. 3. I hope to go to college. promise, decide, hope, agree, choose, fail, wish, learn + to do sth.I. I made him do his work. He was made to do his work (by me). (4). 不定式用在介词but, except, besides 后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的 各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to, 相反则带to. (1). She could do nothing but cry. (2). I have no choice but to go. (3).What do you like to do besides sleep. The teacher told me to clean the blackboard. I expect you to give me some help. (5). 宾补 二看 watch see look at 三使 let make have 一听 listen to hear 四注意: feel warn, tell, allow, help, ask, force等 notice 五感觉: 1. had better/had best + (not) do sth. 最好（不）做某事 2. Why (not) do sth.? 3. …prefer to do/prefer doing 4. …prefer + n./doing A +to + n./doing B 5. …prefer + to do A rather than (to) do B 6. …would rather (not) do sth. 7. …would rather do A than (do) B 8. …would rather + 句子（过去式） （虚拟语气） 要做…… 1.___ a living, she had to work from morning till night. A.To make B. Made C. Making D. To have made 2. I would rather starve to death than ___ for food. A.beg B. begging C. begged D. to beg 3.The boy pretended ____ when his mother entered. A.reading B. to read C. to be reading D. being read Unit 3 Could you please clean your room? 1. Could you please+v.? (polite requests) 肯定回答：Yes, sure./ Of course./Certainly./ All right./No problem. 否定回答：Sorry, I can't. I have to... Could I do sth.? (ask for permissions) 肯定回答： Sure./Of course./Yes, you can. 否定回答： Sorry, you can't./No, I'm afraid not./I'm afraid you can't./You'd better not. 2.borrow VS. lend 看主语与物品的所属关系 borrow “借入” 把本来不属于自己的东西借来使用 borrow...from.. lend “借出” 把属于自己的东西借给别人使用 lend sth. to sb.=lend sb. sth. 3.neither 的用法 a. 作adv. “也不” 他不喜欢音乐。我不喜欢。 He doesn't like music. Neither do I. b. 作pron. “两者都不” 我们俩都不喜欢音乐。 Neither of us likes music. 4.重点短语 做家务 外出吃饭 在外待得很晚 遛狗 结束做某事 和...一样 as...as; 浪费时间 为了，目的是 照顾 结果是 依靠， 依赖 一...就... 越...，就越... 3.neither 的用法 a. 作adv. “也不” 他不喜欢音乐。我不喜欢。 He doesn't like music. Neither do I. b. 作pron. “两者都不” 我们俩都不喜欢音乐。 Neither of us likes music. 4.重点短语 做家务 do chores (do the dishes, take out the rubbish, fold the clothes, sweep the floor, make the bed, clean the living room) 外出吃饭 go out for dinner; 在外待得很晚 stay out late 遛狗 take the dog for a walk; 结束做某事 finish doing sth. 和...一样 as...as; 浪费时间 a waste of time 为了，目的是 in order to; 照顾 take care of= look after 结果是 as a result ; 依靠， 依赖 depend on 一...就... as soon as / the minute/the moment 越...，就越... the +比较级，the +比较级 越早越好 the earlier, the better Eg. The more we get together, the happier we will be. Inversion 倒 装 基本语序 主 + 谓 + 宾 I love English. 倒装语序 部分倒装完全倒装 谓语 + 主语 助动词/情态动词 完全倒装 部分倒装 +主语 +v… In came the headmaster. Did Einstein care for money? 完全倒装 Here, there, then, now, 或 out, in, up, down, away, off 等副词开头的句子 There goes the bell. Out rushed the teacher. Then came a new difficulty. Now comes your turn. 主语是人称代词，语序不变。 Here you are. Out it comes. 当句首出现以下词 so/such 否定词 only +助动词+主语+谓语 So + be / can / 助动词 + 主语 1. He can swim and I can swim , too.  He can swim and so can I. 他会游泳，我也会。 相同时态的情态动词 主语不指同一人 2. He is a student and I am a student , too.  He is a student and so am I.他是学生，我也是。 相同时态的be动词 一、so + be/can /助动词 +主 语 主语不指同一人 一、so + be/can /助动词 +主 语 3. I will go there and he will go there , too.  I will go there and so will he.我打算去那儿，他也要去。 用相同时态的助动词 4. Mike has been to Japan and I have been to Japan , too.  Mike has been to Japan and so have I. Mike去过日本，我也去过。 用相同时态的助动词 主语不指同一人 主语不指同一人 一、so + be/can /助动词 +主语 5. He likes English and I like Englih , too.  He likes English and so do I. 他喜欢英语，我也喜欢。 用相同时态的助动词 6. I like English and he likes English , too.  I like English and so does he. 我喜欢英语，我也喜欢。 用相同时态的助动词 主语不指同一人 主语不指同一人 精选中考练习试题 1. –I hope to visit the Summer Palace. - . A.So do I B.So I do C.Yes, I do 2. –Ann has made great progress recently. - and . A.So has she…so have you B.So has she…so you have C.So she has…so you have D.So she has…so have you 3. –I’m going to the City Central Park. - . A.So am I B.So are you C.So you are D.So I am 4. –How well Anna dances! I can’t believe my eyes. - . A.So he does B.So does she C.Neither can she D.S can I 5. Jim works hard on his Chinese and . A.So Lucy does B.So is Lucy C.So does Lucy D.So Lucy is 6. –Jim does well in Chinese in our class. - . Nobody does better than him. A.So he does B.So do I C.So I do D.So does he A D A A C A Unit 4 Why don't you talk to your parents? 1. 提建议的方式 a. You should/could/shouldn't do sth. b. How/What about doing sth.? c. Shall we...? d. Let's do sth.? e. Would you mind doing sth.? f. You'd better (not) do sth. g. Why don't you+ V. 原形？ = Why not + V. 原形？ 2.unitl 的用法 a. 与延续性动词连用，动词用肯定形式， “直到...为止” Eg. I waited until he came back. b. not...until “直到...才” Eg. I didn't go to bed until midnight. 3.重点短语 允许某人做某事 和某人争吵 发现某人正在做某事 归还某物给某人 以便 解决，计算出 它不是大事 与某人相处愉快 与某人交流 介意（某人）做某事 害怕做某事 与某人竞赛 比较 继续做某事 作 用 主 要 连 词 并 列 连 词 表并列关系 and, both…and, not only…but also, neither…nor等 表选择关系 or, either…or等 表转折关系 but, however, while (而)，only (只不过)等 表因果关系 for, so，therefore (因此)，then（那么）等 从 属 连 词 引导时间状语从句 after, before, when, while, as, until, till, since, as soon as等。 引导条件状语从句 if, unless等 引导原因状语从句 because, as, since等 引导目的状语从句 so that, in order that等 引导让步状语从句 though, although, even if等 引导结果状语从句 so that, so…that, such…that等 引导比较状语从句 than, as…as等 引导名词从句 that, if , whether等 考点一： 1）判断改错： They sat down and talk about something. They started to dance and sang. I saw two men sitting behind and ate there. 　 F F Feating sing talked and (“和，并且”) 与 or (“否则”) “and” 连接平行结构。 （1）肯定句中用“and” 表“和”； （2）否定句中用“or”表“和” 。 2）翻译：① 我喜欢英语和数学。 ② 我不喜欢英语和数学。 I like English _____ math. I don’t like English ____ math. and or = Study hard, _____ your math will be worse. 3）用 “and” 或“or” 填空： Study hard, _____ your math will be better.and or “and”意为“这样，那么”； “or” 意为 “否则” 。 either A or B “或者A或者B” neither A nor B “既不A也不B” not only A but also B “不仅A而且B” --- 连词词组 ： ①Either you or I _____ going to the party. ②Neither I nor he ______ seen the movie. ③Not only you but also he ________ French. 【连接主语 时，谓语 “就近原 则”】 am has speaks 考点二 表转折的连词but 和however： e.g. (他努力工作，但以失败告终。) He worked hard, ______ he failed at last. He worked hard. _________, he failed at last. 区别: but 后没有逗号，直接连接分句； however 后有逗号相隔，可放句末。 but However 考点三 ： 观察句子 ： （1）Although he is over sixty, but he works as hard as others. 改为：Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others. 或 He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others. （2）“Because John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.” *although/ though 和but这两个关联词不能同时用。 ??? 同样，此句错误， because 和 so 等关 联词都不能同时使用。 考点四 ： Mr. White was taking a shower _____ the UFO landed on the street. A. where B. while C. when D. whether C While Mr. White was taking a shower，the UFO landed on the street. 考点一 “when” 和 “while” when引导的状语从句的动作多为终止性动词， 也为可持续动词；但while只能是可持续动词。 考点二 我父亲直到我们吃完饭时才回来。 My father ______ come back until we had supper. not…until/ till 直到……才 …till 直到……为止 翻译：他直到3岁才会讲话。 He ______get up until his mother wakes him up. didn’t 他经常等到妈妈叫他才起床。 He _________ speak until he was 3.couldn’t doesn’t 表示“一…”就的结构 hardly/scarcely…when/before, no sooner…than和 as soon as都可以表示"一…就…"的意思，例： I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain. I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. As soon as I got home, it began to rain. 注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首， 句子必须用倒装结构。 　 Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 考点三 so…that, such...that区别 1) so…that中的so是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或 副词，而such...that中的such是个形容词，后接 名词或名词短语。例如： • I’m so tired that I can’t walk any farther. • It was such a warm day that he went swimming. 2) 如果在名词之前有many, much, little, few时， 用so,不用such。例如： • He has so little education that he is unable to get a job. He took the MP3 player with him _____ he could enjoy music during the trip. A. because B. so that C. when B 他起早是为了赶上早班车。(表目的) ①He got up early so that he could catch the early bus. ②He got up early so that he caught the early bus. 他起早，结果赶上了早班车。（表结果） He got up so early that he caught the early bus. so…that so that：①为了； ② 所以，结果 如此……以致 Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 1.The past progressive tense 表示过去某个时间点或时 间段正在发生或存在的动作 肯定形式：主+was/were doing sth. 否定形式：主+wasn't/weren't doing sth. 一般疑问句：Was/Were +主+doing sth.? 特殊疑问句：What were you doing...? What was he/she doing...? 时间状语： at this time yesterday, at that time, from 6 to 9 last night, when+一般过去时 2. when VS.while a. when 既可指时间点，也可指时间段，引导的时间状语多用一 般时态。 when+一般过去时， 主句为过去进行时 Eg.I was reading when he came in. When he was a boy, he was always making trouble. b. while 仅指时间段，与延续性动词连用 while + 过去进行时，主句一般过去时 主句过去进行时 （表示两个动作同时发生） Eg. While I was reading ,he came in. While mom was cooking , dad was watching TV. （1）用法：说话时正在进行的动作或当 （2）常用时间状语 ：now,these days （3）动词构成 ：am/is/are+现在分词(--ing) （4）否定构成 ：am/is/are+not+现在分词 注意： go,come,leave,arrive,return,die等的进 行时可表示 即将要发生的动作. this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while , at that time, just now a moment ago 常用的时间状语