小升初英语复习专场

1 小升初英语复习专场 一、单词分类 1 人物（people） friend 朋友 boy 男孩 girl 女孩 mother 母亲 father 父亲 sister 姐妹 brother 兄弟 uncle 叔叔；舅舅 man 男人 woman 女人 Mr.先生 Miss.小姐 lady 女士；小姐 mom 妈妈 dad 爸爸 parents 父母 grandmother/grandm a（外）祖母 grandfather/grandpa （外）祖父 aunt 姑姑；舅母 cousin 堂（表）兄弟； 堂（表）姐妹 son 儿子 daughter 女儿 baby 婴儿 kid 小孩 classmate 同学 queen 女王 visitor 参观者 neighbour 邻居 principal 校长 pen pal 笔友 tourist 旅行者 people 人物 robot 机器人 How many people are there in your family? They are four. Who’s that man? He is my father. Who’s that woman? She is my mother. What’s your father? He is a baseball player. What does your father do? He is a teacher. 2 职业（jobs） teacher 教师 student 学生 doctor 医生 nurse 护士 driver 司机 farmer 农民 singer 歌唱家 writer 作家 actor 男演员 actress 女演员 artist 画家 TV reporter 电视台记 者 engineer 工程师 accountant 会计 policeman(男)警察 salesperson 销售员 cleaner 清洁工 baseball player 棒球 运动员 assistant 售货员 3 食品饮料（food & drink） rice 米饭 bread 面包 beef 牛肉 milk 牛奶 water 水 egg 蛋 fish 鱼 tofu 豆腐 cake 蛋糕 hot dog 热狗 hamburger 汉堡包 French fries 炸薯条 cookie 曲奇饼 biscuit 饼干 jam 果酱 noodles 面条 meat 肉 chicken 鸡肉 pork 猪肉 mutton 羊肉 vegetable 蔬菜 salad 沙拉 soup 汤 ice 冰 ice-cream 冰淇淋 Coke 可乐 juice 果汁 tea 茶 coffee 咖啡 breakfast 早餐 lunch 午餐 supper 晚餐 dinner 正餐 What would you like for lunch? I’d like some fish. What do you have on Monday? I have rice, eggs and tofu. 4 水果蔬菜（fruit & vegetables） apple 苹果 banana 香蕉 pear 梨 orange 橙 watermelon 西瓜 grape 葡萄 eggplant 茄子 green beans 青豆 tomato 西红柿 potato 土豆 peach 桃 strawberry 草莓 cucumber 黄瓜 onion 洋葱 carrot 胡萝卜 cabbage 卷心菜 What do you like? I like apples. Do you like apples? Yes, I do./ No, I don’t. Why do you like apples? Because they are sweet/sour/salty/fresh. 5 衣服（clothes） jacket 夹克衫 shirt 衬衫 T-shirtＴ恤衫 skirt 短裙子 dress 连衣裙 jeans 牛仔裤 pants 长裤 socks 袜子 shoes 鞋子 sweater 毛衣 coat 上衣 raincoat 雨衣 shorts 短裤 sneakers 运动鞋 slippers 拖鞋 2 sandals 凉鞋 boots 靴子 hat(有沿的)帽子 cap 便帽 tie 领带 scarf 围巾 gloves 手套 Can I help you? Yes，I want a pair of shoes. What can I do for you? Yes，I want a shirt. What colour is your T-shirt? It’s blue. How much is your jacket? It’s 50 yuan. How much are your jeans? They’re 100 yuan. 6 地点(locations) home 家 room 房间 bedroom 卧室 bathroom 卫生间 living room 起居室 kitchen 厨房 classroom 教室 school 学校 park 公园 library 图书馆 post office 邮局 hospital 医院 cinema 电影院 bookstore 书店 farm 农场 zoo 动物园 garden 花园 study 书房 playground 操场 canteen 食堂 teacher's office 教师 办公室 gym 体育馆 washroom 卫生间 art room 绘画教室 computer room 计算 机教室 music room 音乐教室 TV room 电视机房 flat 公寓 company 公司 factory 工厂 fruit stand 水果摊 pet shop 宠物商店 nature park 自然公园 theme park 主题公园 science museum 科学 博物馆 the Great Wall 长城 supermarket 超市 bank 银行 country 国家 village 乡村 city 城市 Is there a river in the nature park? Yes, there is./No, there isn’t. Are there any tall buildings in your village? Yes, there are./No, there aren’t. 7 气象 cold 寒冷的 warm 温暖的 cool 凉爽的 snowy 下雪的 sunny 晴朗的 hot 火热的 rainy 下雨的 windy 有风的 cloudy 多云的 weather report 天气预报 What’s the weather like in Beijing? It’s sunny. 8、交通工具（vehicles） bike 自行车 bus 公共汽车 train 火车 boat 小船 ship 轮船 yacht 快艇 car 小汽车 taxi 出租车 jeep 吉普车 van 小货车；面包车 plane 飞机 subway 地铁 motorcycle 摩托 How do you go to school? I go to school by bike. (by+交通工具表达交通方式，on foot 例外) How do you go to Canada? I go by plane. How does she go to school? She goes on foot. 9、星期(week) Monday 星期一 Tuesday 星期二 Wednesday 星期三 Thursday 星期四 Friday 星期五 Saturday 星期六 Sunday 星期日 weekend 周末 What day is it today? It’s Monday. What day was it yesterday? It was Sunday. What day is it tomorrow? It’s Tueaday. What do you have on Tuesday? We have math, PE and English. What do you do on Sundays? I often go swimming. Which day is the first day of a week? It’s Sunday. 10、月份(months) 3 Jan.(January)一月 Feb.(February)二月 Mar.(March)三月 Apr.(April)四月 May 五月 Jun.(June)六月 Jul.(July)七月 Aug.(August)八月 Sept.(September)九月 Oct.(October)十月 Nov.(November)十一月 Dec.(December)十二月 What’s the date today? It’s May the first.（表达日期先说月份，再说月份的第几天） Which season is the first season of a year？It’s January. How many months are there of a year? Twelve. 11、季节(seasons) spring 春 summer 夏 fall(美)autumn(英)秋 winter 冬天 How many seasons are there of a year? Four What’s your favourite season? I like summer best. Which season do you like best? I like spring best. What can you do in winter? I can make a snowman. Why do you like winter? Because I can make a snowman. 12、方位(directions) south 南 north 北 east 东 west 西 left 左 right 右 turn left turn right go straight Excuse me. Is there a cinema near here? Yes, there is.(问路和指路) Where is the cinema? It’s next to the hospital. How can I get to the hospital? You can go by the No.12 bus. How can I get to the zoo? Turn left at the cinema, then go straight, it’s on your right. 13、患病(illness) have a fever 发烧 hurt 疼痛 have a col 感冒 have a toothache 牙疼 have a headache 头疼 have a sore throat 喉咙疼 sad 伤心的 happy 高兴的 angry 愤怒的 bored 枯燥的 excited 兴奋的 How do you feel? I feel sick. What’s the matter（with you）?Ｉhave a cold. How does Amy feel? She feels sad/happy/angry/bored/excited. I failed the math test. I’m sorry to hear that. 14、数词(numbers) A、基数词 one 一 two 二 three 三 four 四 five五 six 六 seven 七 eight 八 nine 九 ten 十 eleven 十一 twelve 十二 thirteen 十三 fourteen 十四 fifteen 十五 sixteen 十六 seventeen 十七 eighteen 十八 nineteen 十九 twenty 二十 thirty 三十 forty 四十 fifty 五十 sixty 六十 seventy 七十 eighty 八十 ninety 九十 hundred 百 1 至 12 单独记，13 至 19-teen 结尾；整十词尾是-ty，记清何时连字符；百十之间用 and,十五五十别多 e，十九九十别少 e,二三四五八，个十首 相差。 说明： ①十五、五十的正确写法分别是 fifteen, fifty。最容易错写成 fifeteen, fifety 十九、九十的正确写法分别是 nineteenth, ninety。最容易错写成 nineeenth, ninty。要特别注意！ 4 ②“二三四五八，个十首相差”指的是“二三四五八”这几个数字做个位数和做十位数时，其英语单词开头写法是不同的。 如： two—twelve—twenty， three—thirteen—thirty， four—fourteen—forty， five—fifteen—fifty。 B、序数词 first 第一 second 第二 third 第三 fourth 第四 fifth 第五 eighth 第八 ninth 第九 twelfth 第十二 twentieth 第二十 基数词换为序数词规律：一二三,ｔｄｄ; 八减 t,九减 e,十二变 ve,换 y 为 ie,都加 th。 说明：序数词有两种写法：①用英语单词；②用“阿拉伯数字+词尾-st/-nd/-rd/-th” first—1st eleventh—11th twenty-first—21st second—2nd twelfth—12th twenty-second—22ndthird—3rd thirteenth—13th twenty-third—23rd fourth4—4th fourteenth—14th twenty—fourth24th 13、植物(plants) flower 花 grass 草 tree 树 seed 种子 sprout 苗 rose 玫瑰 leaf 叶子 How do you plant flowers？ First,put the seeds into the soil, then put the pot in the sun,add water often,wait for a sprout,waitfor a flower to grow. 14、形容词(adj.) big 大的 small 小的 long 长的 tall 高的 short 短的；矮的 young 年轻的 old 旧的；老的 strong 健壮的 thin 瘦的 active 积极的；活跃 的 quiet 安静的 nice 好看的 kind 和蔼可亲的 strict 严格的 smart 聪明的 funny 滑稽可笑的 tasty 好吃的 sweet 甜的 salty 咸的 sour 酸的 fresh 新鲜的 favourite 最喜爱的 clean 干净的 tired 疲劳的 excited 兴奋的 angry 生气的 happy 高兴的 bored 无聊的 sad 忧愁的 taller 更高的 shorter 更矮的 stronger 更强壮的 older 年龄更大的 younger 更年轻的 bigger 更大的 heavier 更重的 longer 更长的 thinner 更瘦的 smaller 更小的 good 好的 fine 好的 great 很好的 heavy 重的 new 新的 fat 胖的 right 对的 hungry 饥饿的 cute 逗人喜爱的 little 小的 lovely 可爱的 beautiful 漂亮的 colourful 色彩鲜艳 的 pretty 漂亮的 cheap 便宜的 expensive 昂贵的 juicy 多汁的 tender 嫩的 healthy 健康的 ill 有病的 helpful 有帮助的 high 高的 easy 简单的 proud 骄傲的 sick 有病的 better 更好的 higher 更高的 Who’s your English tyeacher?Mr Zhao. What’s he like?He’s tall and strong. 15、介词(prep.) in 在......里 on 在........上; 在.......时候 under 在........下面 near 在......的附近 behind 在…..后边 next to 与......相邻 5 over 在.......上面 in front of 在.......前面 beside 在.......的旁边 Where is my bag? It’s on your desk. 16、代词(pron.) I 我 we 我们 you 你；你们 he 他 she 她 it 它 they 他（她，它）们 my 我的 our 我们的 your 你的；你们的 his 他的 her 她的 its 它的 their 他（她，它）们的 17、颜色（colour） red 红色 white（白色） black（黑色） orange（橙色） brown（棕色） pink（粉红） blue（蓝色） yellow（黄色） What colour is it?It’s yellow. 18、动词(V.) play 玩;踢 swim 游泳 skate 滑冰 fly 飞 jump 跳 walk 走 run 跑 climb 爬 fight 打架 swing 荡 eat 吃 sleep 睡觉 like 像;喜欢 have 有;吃 turn 转弯 buy 买 take 买;带 live 居住 teach 教 go 去 study 学习 learn 学习 sing 唱歌 dance 跳舞 row 划 meet 见面 welcome 欢迎 thank 谢谢 l ove 爱 work 工作 drink 喝 taste 尝 smell 闻 feed 喂养 shear 剪 milk 挤奶 look 看 guess 猜 help 帮助 pass 传递 show 展示 use 使用 clean 打扫 open 打开 close 关上 put 放 read 读 write 写 paint 绘画 tell 告诉 kick 踢 bounce 反弹 ride 骑 stop 停 wait 等 find 寻找 drive 驾驶 fold 折 send 寄 wash 洗 shine 照耀 become 变成 feel 感觉到 think 思考 meet 遇见 fall 落下 wear 穿 leave 离开 do homework 做作业 watch TV 看电视 read books 读书 cook the meals 做饭 water the flowers 浇花 sweep the floor 扫地 clean the bedroom/room 打扫卧室/房 间 make the bed 铺床 set the table 摆饭桌 wash the cloth clothes 洗衣服 do the dishes 洗碗碟 use a computer 使用计算机 do morning exercise 晨练 eat/have breakfast 吃早饭 eat/have dinner 吃晚饭 go to school 上学 have English class 上英语课 play sports 进行体育活动 get up 起床 climb mountains 爬山 go shopping 买东西 play the piano 弹钢琴 visit grandparents 看望(外)祖父母 go hiking 去远足 fly kites 放风筝 make a snowman 堆雪人 plant trees 种树 draw pictures 画画 answer the phone 接电话 listen to music 听音乐 write a letter 写信 write an e-mail 写电子邮件 drink water 喝水 take pictures 照相 watch insects 观察昆虫 pick up leaves 采摘树叶 do an experiment 做实验 catch butterflies 捉蝴蝶 count insects 数昆虫 collect insect 收集昆虫 collect leaves 收集树叶 write a report 写报告 play chess 下棋 have a picnic 举行野餐 get to 到达 ride a bike 骑自行车 play the violin 拉小提琴 make kites 制作风筝 collect stamps 收集邮票 wake up 醒来 put on 穿上 take off 脱掉 hang up 挂起 go home 回家 go to bed 上床睡觉 play computer games 玩电脑游戏 6 play chess 下棋 do housework 做家务 empty the trash 倒垃圾 put away the clothes 收拾衣服 get off 下车 take a trip 去旅行 read a magazine 阅读杂志 go to the cinema 去看电影 What are you going to do？I’m going to play football. What are you doing? I’m answering the phone. What is she doing? She is writing. What did you do last weekend? I cleaned my room. 二、词汇分类指导 （一）易错词汇 1. a, an 的选择: 可数名词单数元音开头的用 an，辅音开头的单词用 a. 用 a、an 填空 pen ruler dog egg orange elephant magazine What’s this? It’s orange box. What’s that? It’s bird on the tree. 2. am , is , are 的选择: 我用 am，你用 are，is 随着他她它，单用 is，复用 are。 用 am、is、are 填空 ①I a student. ②You a teacher. ③She from Canada. ④He under the tree. ⑤We Chinese. ⑥They girls. 3. have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物。单数用 has , 复数用 have. 用 have、has 填空 I a nice bag. She long hair. It long tail. 4. there is, there are 的选择：表示某地有某物，某人。单数用 there is , 复数用 there are，外加―就进原则‖。 5. some, any 的选择:肯定句用 some, 疑问句和否定句用 any. 6. 疑问词的选择: what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why（为什么） when(什么时候） which（哪一个） how old (多大) how many（多少） how much（多少钱） how tall(多高) how heavy（多重） how big(多大) how long（多长） （二）名词 1、掌握名词变复数的变化规则 （1）多数名词变复数时直接在词尾加 s 。如 book—books （2）以 s, sh, x, ch 结尾的名词，一般加 es。 如：watch—watches ｂｕｓ－ｂｕｓｅｓ ，ｂｏｘ－ｂｏｘｅｓ． （3）以辅音字母加 y 结尾的名词，变 y 为 i ，再加 es。如 family—families baby(baby) （4）以 f, fe 结尾的名词，大多数情况下一般将 f, fe 变为 v, 再加 es。如 leaf—leaves. （5）以字母 o 结尾的名词变复数，一般说来，有生命的加 es，没有生命的加 s。 如 tomato—tomatoes ，potato—potatoes ； piano—pianos，photo—photos ，radio—radios 2、不规则名词的复数要单独记忆。 fish—fish deer—deer sheep—sheep you—you I — we it/he/she— they my—our man—men woman—women goose—geese foot—feet tooth—teeth his—their her—their its—their me—us him—them her—them child-children （三）动词现在分词详解 现在进行时用法 Hello, boys and girls. Nice to see you again. "我"是现在进行时，用来表示正在进行或发生的动作。"我"的结构是：be (am, is, are)+动词现在分词形式。 7 首先，"我"向你们展示"我"的几种句型： 一、陈述句(肯定句) 主语＋be (am, is, are)+现在分词，如： I am reading English.我正在读英语。 He is writing.他正在写字。 You are running.你正在跑步。 二、一般疑问句 Be(Am, Is, Are)+主语＋现在分词，如： 1. -Are you singing?你正在唱歌吗？ -Yes, I am.是的，我在唱歌。(No, I'm not.不，我不在唱歌。) 2. -Is he (she) listening to music?他(她)在听音乐吗？ -Yes, he (she) is.是的，他(她)在听音乐。[No, he (she) isn't.不，他(她)不在听音乐。 三、特殊疑问句 疑问词＋be (am, is, are)＋主语＋现在分词，如： 1. -What are you doing? 你正在干什么？ -I am doing my homework.我正在做作业。 2. -What is he (she) doing?他(她)正在干什么？ -He (She) is riding a bike.他(她)正在骑自行车。 四、现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 五、动词加 ing 的变化规则 1.一般情况下，直接加 ing，如：cook-cookin 以不发音的 e 结尾，去 e 加 ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting 如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping 六、需要掌握的进行时变化形式： flying, jumping, walking, running, swimming， sleeping, climbing, fighting, swinging, drinking water. drawing pictures, doing the dishes, cooking dinner, reading a book, answering the phone， listening to music, washing clothes, cleaning the room, writing a letter, writing an e-mail， 其次，"我"向你们介绍"我"的三位好伙伴： look(看)、listen(听)、now(现在)，它们和"我"经常出现在句子中。请看： Look! Jack is swimming.看！杰克正在游泳。 Listen! She is singing.听！她正在唱歌。 I am cleaning my room now.现在我正在打扫房间。 听了"我"的自述后，小朋友们，你们一定更加了解"我"了吧。 动名词用法 1、动名词与现在分词词形一样，均由动词＋ing 构成。动名词具有名词特征，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。 Collecting stamps is one of his hobbies. He likes watching football matches. My favourite sport is fishing. He’s in the reading room. 2、需要掌握的动名词（用在 like 后的词） collecting stamps, riding a bike, diving, playing the violin, making kites 现在进行时专项练习 8 I．用所给的动词的正确形式填空： The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom . My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now? Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson . They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now. Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom . What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now ______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is . II.写出下列动词的-ing 形式 run swing jump write do answer III.连词成句。 1..is The water elephant its drinking with trunk. _________________________________________ 2 swim? really Can tigers _________________________________________ 3. reading are in They study the books _________________________________________ 4. is baby panda What doing? the _________________________________________ 5 speak dad, Can your I to please. ________________________________________ IV.选择填空 ( ) 1. What are you _______ now? A. doing B. do C. does ( ) 2. It’s _______ English book. A. a B. an C. the ( ) 3. I like English ________. A. very B. much C. very much ( ) 4. I’m ________ an e-mail. A. writing B. writeing C. writting ( ) 5. Tom is reading _________. A. book B. a books C. a book ( ) 6. Kate is _______. A. runing B. running C. run ( ) 7. Can the rabbit ? A. jumping B. jump C. jumps ( ) 8. Ducks are swimming _______ the river. A. on B. under C. in ( ) 9. We’re listening _______ music. A. to B. at C. of ( ) 10. What _______ they doing now? A. is B. am C. are ( ) 11.What _____ you doing? A. is B. are C. do ( )12. ______ is your brother doing? A. Who B. What’s C. What ( ) 13. I am talking ____ you. A. for B. to C. on ( ) 14. Mom is ______ a letter. A. writing B. write C. writing ( )15. What is ________ doing? A. she B. her C. your V．根据上下文补上所缺的单词的 ing 形式，使短文完整。 (write do cook clean wash answer listen draw read work) Everybody is very busy. Grandpa is _______ a letter. Grandma is _______ a book. Dad is ______ in the study. Mom is _______ dinner in the kitchen. Brother is _______ to music. Sister is _______ the room. I am _______ pictures. Uncle is ________ the phone. Aunt is ______ clothes. Cousin is _____ homework. VI．写出下列词的 –ing 形式。 read ________ draw _______ cook ________ make _________ talk _________ answer ________ （四）动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有： Ａ、规则动词 9 ① 一般直接在动词的后面加 ed：如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited ② 以 e 结尾的动词直接加 d：如 lived , danced , used ③ 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词要改 y 为 i 再加 ed（此类动词较少）如 study – studied ④ carry–carried； worry–worried（注意 play、stay 不是辅音字母加 y,所以不属于此类） ⑤ 双写最后一个字母（此类动词较少）如 stop--stopped （3+1 原则） Ｂ、不规则动词（此类词并无规则，须熟记） 小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式： sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read , fly – flew , am/is– was , are – were, say – said , leave – left , swim–swam , tell – told , draw–drew , come–came , lose – lost , find– found , drink–drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt （五）动词第三人称单数详解 动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同 1、大多数动词在词尾加―S‖在清辅音后发音为[s]，在浊辅音及元音后发音为 [z]。如： ①stop－stops [s] make－makes [s] ②read－reads [z] play－plays [z] 2、以辅音字母加―y‖结尾的，要先将―y‖变为―i‖，然后在加―es‖读[iz] 如： fly－flies [z]； carry－carries [z] study－studies [z]; worry－worries 3、以―s, x, ch, sh‖结尾的，在词尾加―es‖，发音为[iz] 如： teach－teaches [iz]; watch－watches [iz] 4、以―o‖结尾的动词，加―es‖，读[z] 如： go－goes [z] do－does [z] 下面几个动词变为单数时，原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化，请注意记忆。 如： 1、do [du:]－does [dz] 2、say [sei]－says [sez] 以不发音字母―e‖结尾的开音节词，如果尾音是[s]，[z]时，加―s‖后字母―e‖发音， 与所加―s‖ 一起读做[iz]。 如： close－closes [iz] be 动词包括：am， is， are。第三人称单数用 is；过去式为 was；复数用 are，过去式为 were. 除上述规律外，还应注意下面三点： 1. 动词 have ，遇到主语是第三人称单数时，要用 has； 动词 be 的第三人称单数形式是 is。 2. 含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子变否定句时，要用 doesn't + 动词原形，如： He goes to school at six in the morning. (变否定句)→ He doesn't go to school at six in the morning. 3. 对含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子提问时，要用助动词 does，如： She goes home at five every day. (对划线部分提问)→ When / What time does she go home every day? 一般现在时中的第三人称单数形式 在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在动词原形后 加-s 或-es。 I 什么是一般现在时？一般现在时的基本用法有哪些呢？ 【No. 1】一般现在时的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如： The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如： 10 I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 标志词（时间状语）： always, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday uauslly often, never, hardly.......... 3.表示客观现实。如： The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 【No. 2】一般现在时的构成 1. be 动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如： I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如： We study English.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如： Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 【No. 3】一般现在时的变化 1. be 动词的变化。 a 否定句：主语+ be + not +其它.如： He is not a worker.他不是工人。 b 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。 如： -Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. c 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如： Where is my bike? 2.行为动词的变化。 a 否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如： I don't like bread. b 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用 doesn't 构成否定句。如： He doesn't often play. c 一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如： - Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用 does 构成一般疑问句。如： - Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 【No. 4】特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。 如： How does your father go to work? II 哪些主语是第三人称单数? 现归纳总结如下： (1)人称代词 he, she, it 是第三人称单数。如： He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。 he has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。 It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。 (2)单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。如： ①Han Mei looks like her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。 ②Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。 ③Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。 11 (3)单数可数名词或"this / that / the+单数可数名词"作主语时，是第三人称单数。如： ①A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。 ②This book is yours. 这本书是你的。 ③That car is red. 那辆小汽车是红色的。 ④The cat is Lucy's. 这只猫是露茜的。 (4)不定代词 someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something 等及指示代词 this,that 作主语时，是第三人称单数。如： ①Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。 ②There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。 ③This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔 ④That is an eraser. 那是一块橡皮擦 (5)不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如： ①The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。 ②The bread is very small. 那面包很小 (6)当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。如： ①"6" is a lucky number. "6"是个吉利数字。 ②"I" is a letter. "I"是个字母。 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 ①I (be) in Kunming in 2011. ②She (be) a student in 1997. ③They (be) in Beijing last year. ④I (play) football yesterday. ⑤We (swim) in the lake yesterday afternoon. ⑥They (sing) and (dance) in Xinjiang last year. ⑦Jack (do) homework now. ⑧Jack (do) homework this morning. ⑨Jack often (do) homework on the weekend. ⑩Wu Yifan (take) many pictures last weekend. 【附加表格】 动词的基本形式： 形 式：原形——第三人称单数——现在分词（动名词）——过去式 例 词 work ——works—— working—— worked go—— goes—— going—— went (一)动词第三人称单数形式的构成规则： 一般情况，在词尾加 S 以 s, x, ch, sh ,o 结尾的，加 es 以“辅音字母+”结尾的，变 y 为 i 再加 es 原 形 like play teach wash study fly 动词第三人称单数形式 likes plays teaches washes studies flies 注意：have 的第三人称单数形式是不规则的 (二)动词 ing 形式的构成规则： 一般情况下，在词尾直接 加 ing 以不发音的 e 结尾的，去 加 ing 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写末尾的辅音 字母再加 ing 原形 Study look dive make sit put stop get run 现在分词 studying looking diving making sitting putting stopping getting running (三)规则动词过去式的构成规则： 一般在动词原形末尾直接 加上-ed 以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动 词，去 e 再加-ed 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词， 先 y 变为 i，再加-ed 末尾只有一个辅音字母的 重读闭音节，先双写这个辅 音字母，再加-ed 原形 look visit live use study worry stop plan 12 规则动词过 去式 looked visited lived uesd studied worried stopped planned (四)词尾的读音 读音 例 词 在清辅音后面 /t/ washed/wɒʃt/ cooked/kukt/ helped/helpt/ 在浊辅音和元音后面 /d/ played/pleɪd/ cleaned/klɪ:nd/ studied/stʌdɪd/ 在/t/,/d/音后面 /ɪd/ visited/vɪzɪtɪd/ wanted/wɔntɪd/ counted/kauntɪd/ 10 对成对清浊辅音 其它辅音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /s/ /θ/ /ʃ/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /ts/ /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /z/ /ð/ /З/ /dЗ/ /dr/ /dz/ /h/ /l/ /w/ /j/ /m/ /n/ /η/ /r/ (五)同音词 two—too by—buy here—hear see—sea I—eye (六)反义词或对应词 反义词是指单词的意思相反，如：big—small, long—short. 对应词是指单词的意思相对,如 man—woman,teacher—student ，同学们 要注意区分。 I – you my—your your—my / our good—bad morning—afternoon this—that us—you white—black boy—girl teacher—student come—go we—you father—mother she—he big—small open—close right—left / wrong yes—no night—day quiet—active in—out here—there long—short tall—short get up—go to bed these—those warm—cool cold—hot rainy—sunny new—old expensive—cheap young—old kind—strict strong—thin old—new / young thin—strong / fat active— quiet in front of—behind village—city usually—sometimes summer—winter always—never up—down why—because brother—sister key—lock wake up—sleep always----never usually----sometimes often----sometimes near----far fast----slow easy----hard get on----get off east----west north----south left----right wrong----right outside----inside busy----free buy----sell learn----teach with----without actor----actress policeman---- policewoman taller----shorter stronger----thinner older----younger little----big bigger----smaller head----tail heavy----light longer----shorter happy----unhappy sad----happy last----first below----above same----different somebody----nobody forwards----backwards after----before stop----go on sit----stand 六年级英语毕业句型总复习 日常用语 Ask（问语） Answer（答语） Hello．What’s your name? My name is Chen Jiaming．/ I’m Chen Jiaming. This is Sally． How do you do, Sally? How do you do? How do you do? How are you ? I’m fine, thanks．And you?/ I’m OK Nice to meet you． Nice to meet you, too． See you tomorrow． See you． Would you like something to drink? Yes, I’d like some coffee． 13 May I come in ? Come in, please． Hello, may I speak to Tom? Speaking./Hold on,please. Help yourself to some fish． Thank you． Happy birthday! Thank you． Happy New Year! Happy New Year! Don’t read in the sun． All right．Thank you ． Would you like to go shopping with me? Yes, I’d love to．/ I’d love to．But I’m busy now． Shall we go fishing? All right． / OK．/ Good idea． Thank you very much． You’re welcome． Can I help you? Yes, please．/ No, thanks． May I have some coke? Yes, of course． Could you help me? Sure．/ Yes, of course． Why don’t you come to tea? It’s a good idea． Please say hello to your father for me． I will, thank you． Good luck． Thank you． I’m sorry． That’s all right．/ It’s OK. May I use your bike? Yes, please． Let’s go to school together． OK．Let’s． How do you say that in English? It’s a picture． 1．问候、打招呼及回应： Good morning! Good morning! Hello！ Hello！ 2．介绍： I’m Mike This is Jack． 3．问某物是什么及回答 What is this /that/it ? It is a duck． What are these? They are pictures． 4．问某人姓名及回答 What’s your name? My name is Mike． 5．问物或人在哪儿及回答 Where is the pen? It’s on the desk． Where is he? He is under the tree． 6．问年龄 How old are you ? I’m ten． How old is she? She's five． 7．问数量及回答 How many desks are there? There are six． 8．问颜色及回答 What colour is it ? It’s green． 9．说有 Have you got a ruler? Yes, I have． / No, I haven’t． Has she got a dress? Yes, she has． / No, she hasn’t． 10．喜欢与不喜欢 I like milk． I don’t like coffee． He likes singing． He doesn’t like dancing． Do you like cooking? Yes, I do． / No, I don’t． What’s your favourite colour? My favourite colour is yellow． 14 11．问时间及回答 What time is it? It’s half past seven, What day is (it) today ? It’s Tuesday． What is the date today? It’s June 7th． 12．问某地有什么 What’s in the bag? There is a book, two pens, and a ruler． 13．问乘坐的交通工具及回答 How do you go to school? I go to school by bus． How does she go to work? She goes to work by bike． 14．问某人正在做什么及回答 What are you doing? I am watching TV． What are they doing? They are playing games． 15．表示请求 Can I have some water? Yes, of course． 16．问能力及回答 Can you run fast? Yes, I can． / No, I can’t． Can he swim? Yes, he can． / No, he can’t． 17．问某人要去哪里及回答 Where are you going? I am going to go to school． 18．提供、请求帮助 Let me help you． Can I help you ? Yes, please． / No, thanks． Can you help me? Yes, of course． 19．问打算做某事及回答 What are you going to do? I am going to …． What is he/she going to do? He is going to …． 20．问某时做什么 What do you often do on Sunday? I often play basketball with my friends． What does he usually do at the weekend? He usually goes swimming． 21．问路 Excuse me． Where's the park, please? Go straight on ． Turn right ． 22．感情 How do you feel? I feel happy sad． 23．购物 How many pears do you want? Two kilos． How much rice do you want? Ten kilos． How much is it ? It is two pounds． 24．询问物主 Whose shirt is this? It’s Liming’s． Whose is this shirt? It’s Liming’s． 25．文明、规范 You should look , then cross the road． 特殊疑问句：是以特殊疑问词（what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how 等）开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就 答什么，不能用“yes 、no”来回答。如： What is this? It’s a computer． What does he do? He’s a doctor． Where are you going? I’m going to Beijing． 15 Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike． Which season do you like best? Summer． When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30． Whose skirt is this? It’s Joan’s． Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees． How did you go to Guangzhou? I went to Guangzhou by bus． 其中 how 又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问，如： how many（多少数量）, how much（多少钱)）, how tall（多高）, how long（多长）, how big（多大）, how heavy（多重） 例如： How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils． How many girls can you see? I can see four girls． How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51． 小结： how many 用来提问可数名词的数量，主要有以上三种句式搭配， How many + 名词复数 + do you have? 你有多少„„？ How many + 名词复数 + can you see? 你能看见多少„„？ How many + 名词复数 + are there…? 有多少„„？ Who‘s your English teacher? Miss Li． What‘s he like? He‘s tall and strong． Is she young? Yes, she is． /No, she isn‘t． What would you like for lunch? I‘d like some tomatoes and eggs． What‘s your favourite fruit? I like bananas． Where is the dog? It is under the table． When do you have dinner? I have dinner at 7:00 in the evening． Which season do you like best ? I like winter best． Why do you like summer ? Because I can swim in the lake． When is your birthday ? It‘s in May． What are you doing? I’m doing my homework． Is he playing chess ? Yes, he is． / No, he isn‘t． How do you go to school? I often go to school by bike． How can I get to Yuexiu Park? You can go by the No．4 bus． Where is the cinema, please? It’s next to the hospital． What are you going to do at the weekend? I am going to visit my grandparents． What‘s your hobby? I like playing basketball． How tall are you? I’m 160 cm tall． How heavy are you? I’m 48 kg．