高一上学期期末总复习

1 高一上学期期末总复习 完形填空技巧强化讲解 I think that sleeping is perhaps the most comfortable thing in the world. While __1__, I will do nothing but close my eyes, leaving all the trouble behind. However, I __2__get up early almost every morning. My class begins at 8:00 am, but my teacher asks us to arrive at the school before 7:15 am, so we will have__3__time to prepare for the classes. If you are__4__, then you will lose one point. And when you lose 10__5__, your parents’ visit to school will be a must. Though I think it’s __6__, I still don't want to lose any points. One morning, My alarm clock __7__to work. I __8__ with a start and found that it was already 7:00. I had lost two points that week, that is to say, I would lose three points in a __9__. My teacher said that he__10__ me to be late that morning. And my friend joked that my__11__was coming soon. I finally__12__to do something to change this. I bought a new alarm clock. It sings songs on time every morning__13__ I turned it off. The new alarm clock is perfect to a lazy cat like me. The first time I __14__ it, I managed to get up at 6:00 the next morning. Proud of __15__, I took a deep breath and found that the air in the early morning is surprisingly__16__, I read some English books, __17__ that morning is really fit for reading English. I hadn’t realized_18__ that morning is so wonderful. "Life is __19__ a box of chocolates. You never know what you are going to get, " just as Forrest Gump said. Sometimes if you make a __20__, you may find that things will end up with the better. 1. A. tired B. asleep C. silent D. awake 2. A. shall B. may C. used to D. have to 3. A. enough B. little C. some D. no 4. A. lazy B. sleepy C. late D. noisy 5. A. times B. points C. days D. classes 6. A. surprising B. impossible C. interesting D. unnecessary 7. A. failed B. lied C. sounded D. disagreed 8. A. fell asleep B. looked around C. woke up D. lay down 9. A. class B. day C. week D. school 10. A. believed B. expected C. advised D. allowed 11. A. exam B. mistake C. duty D. day 12. A. decided B. hoped C. offered D. preferred 13. A. unless B. if C. even if D. only if 14. A. had B. used C. watched D. bought 15. A. itself B. them C. myself D. us 16. A. cool B. warm C. comfortable D. fresh 17. A. finding B. thinking C. guessing D. wondering 18. A. already B. yet C. ago D. before 19. A. as B. like C. from D. with 20. A. rule B. living C. change D. way 阅读理解技巧 议论文 Leadership is the art of getting someone to do something you want done because he wants to 2 do it. People naturally want to follow a good leader. After meeting with an effective leader it is not unusual to feel uplifted(情绪高涨), inspired, and motivated to work towards a common goal. An effective leader makes others feel good about themselves, as well as the work they are doing. The leader has a vision(幻想)of what he or she wants to achieve, and can communicate that vision to others in a way that makes people want to be part of it. One thing a good leader typically does is to communicate the big picture, so that each employee can see how the particular role he or she plays makes a contribution to the final result. Good leaders are positive and optimistic when they speak about the future. Their enthusiasm wins them plenty of supporters who help make their vision a reality. Good leaders also understand that different people are motivated by different things. For employees motivated by a need for achievement, a leader explains how the task offers an opportunity to take on a challenge with an achievable goal. And employees are motivated by hearing how they will be part of a team of people working together. Good leaders will introduce employees by name first, rather than job titles. They refer to employees as team members, companions, or colleagues, never as “servants”. Words have power, including the power to make people feel whether or not they are important to the success of an organization. Good leaders believe that every team member matters and set up environments that make everyone feel important. It is no wonder they can attract the support they need to help them achieve their goals. 55. What’s the author’s purpose of writing this passage? A. To tell us how to be a good leader at work. B. To describe the proper relationship between leaders and employees. C. To inform us of how leaders and employees should communicate. D. To show the optimism of a leader. 56. What is the most important to be a good leader? A. A good leader learns art very well. B. A good leader can promote employees. C. A good leader can satisfy all his or her employees. D. A good leader can make employees happy and willing in their work. 57, What should a good leader do for an employee who wants to succeed at work? A. To promote the employee to a leadership role. B. To draw a beautiful picture of the employee’s future. C. To encourage the employee to meet the challenges of his work. 3 D. To let the staff know the important role the employee plays. 58. What is Paragraph 6 mainly about? A. The importance of making introductions by name. B. A way of remembering others’ names. C. The key to the success of an organization. D. How to create a harmonious relationship between leaders and employees. 59. We can infer from the passage that_________. A. a good leader is always good at creating comfortable working conditions B. the support of employees is necessary for a leader to reach his goal C. names are much easier to remember than job titles D. the motivation of the employees all comes from the leader 说明文 The American book Who Moved my cheese has been a bestseller all over the world. It teaches people how to face changes in their lives. Now its author spence Johnson has written a book just for teens. The book tells us that when facing changes in our lives, like a new school or new friends, don't be afraid. Instead, use tis change to make a better life. The book gives an example of a change at school. A school is changing from having two terms because there are too many students. Several teens are talking about this. Most of them are unhappy and worried. But Chris is not. He laughs and tells a story about two mice, two "little people" and some cheese. The four are in a maze( 迷 宫 ） looking for the cheese. Here, cheese means something important in life, like moving to a new class or getting into college. But they find the cheese is gone. The mice realize that they can't change what has happened and have to find more cheese. This means finding different dreams. The little people, however, can't do this. They are afraid of changes so they find no cheese. After Chris finishes the story, the friends understand one thing: to get more cheese, move in a new direction quickly. His friends understand how this can be used in the changes all teens face, such as doing well at school or having good relationship or just feeling good about yourself. 1. The book Who Moved My Cheese is _______. A. written all over the world B. read across the world C. Sold only in America D. Loved only by teens 1. What does the text mainly discuss? A. Never change in our lives B. Change when you like to do C. Change with the changes D. Pay attention to the changes 3. The underlined word "four" refers to ________. A. mice and little people B. students C. cheese D. readers 4. In our lives, we should learn from _______. A. Mice B. Little people C. Chris D. Spence Johnson 5. Which of the following statements is true? A. The author is British 4 B. B. There are three terms in every school C. Most teens don't understand Chris' story D. The book tells teens how to face changes in their lives 词汇语法总复习 短语 1. get/ have + 宾语+ done: 使某人或某物被做 2. go through: 经历，经受；检查，浏览；通过；完成，做完 look through: 浏览，快速查看； get through: 通过，穿过，完成，接通电话 pass through: 经过，路过； 3. set down a. 记录下来 b. 使坐下，就坐； c. 使着陆； d. 放下，阁下； 4. on purpose: 有意地 on purpose to do: 特意做------ for/ with the purpose of: 为了------ 5. It happened that--- 6.get tired of: 对------感到厌倦 be /get tired from/ with: 因------而疲倦 tireless: 不知疲倦的 tiring: 令人厌倦的 7. pack up: 包装，捆扎。 8. have trouble/difficulty/problems with sth have trouble/difficulty/problems in doing sth A. more than B. more than = over: 多于，超过； C. more than = not only 不仅，不只 D. more A than B : 与其说是（B）不如说是（A） E. no more than 仅仅，只是 F. more than one + 名词做主语时谓语动词用单数，表示“不止一个------” 9. in some ways：在某种程度上，在某些方面 way 的相关短语 all the way: 一路上，一直 by the way： 顺便说一下 by way of : 路过、经由 in a way :在某个方面 in the way:挡道，碍事 in this way:以这种方式 on one’s way:在路上 out of the way: 不再挡路；结束 10. come up i. 走过来，走近 ii. （太阳、月亮等）升起，上升 5 iii. 被提出，被讨论 Come 相关短语 Come up with:提出，拿出 Come about:发生 Come across/ come upon:偶遇，碰到 Come along:进展 Come to:苏醒 Come on:快点，走吧 Come out:出版 Come around:苏醒 11. use 短语总结 make use of:利用 make good/ full use of= make the best /most of:充分利用 bring /put --- into use :使------得到使用 come into use:得到使用 in use:在使用中 go out of use: 不用了，被放弃 12. a number of/ numbers of + 名词复数：大量的 the number of + 名词复数+ 单数谓语动词------的数量 a large number of: 大量的 a small number of: 少量的 a certain number of 一定量的 13. dream about/ of: 梦想，梦见； 14. give in to do sth: 向某人/ 或某物屈服 give in sth: 呈交某物 give away: 赠送 give back: 归还 give up:放弃 give out:散发，用完，耗尽 give off: 发出，放出（光，热，气味等） 15. put up a) 建造，张贴，提高，提出； b) 供给------的住宿 c) Put up with:忍受 Put away:储存 Put back:把某物放回原处 Put down:放下 Put an end to:结束 Put out:扑灭 Put off: 推迟 16. At an end: 终结，结束 Put/bring --- to an end/ put an end to--- ：使------结束 Make an end of 终止 Come to an end:结束 6 At the end of:在------的末尾 In the end：最后 By the end of: 到------末为止 Make ends meet: 使收支相抵 Ending: 结尾，结束 17. All --- not = not all(部分否定） All answers are not correct= Not all answers are 吧 correct 完全否定（none, neither) 18. Think highly/well/ a lot/ much of:对------评价高 Think poorly/ badly/ ill of：对------评价不好 Think nothing/little of：不重视 Think nothing of it: 不用谢，不必在意 18. turn 相关短语 Turn to: 转向，求助于； Turn down: 降低，拒绝 Turn up: 开大（声音） Turn out:结果是 Turn in:上交 Turn on:打开 Turn over:考虑 Turn against:与------反目成仇 Turn away: 不准进入 19. 阻止某人做某事 Stop sb from doing sth Prevent sb from doing sth: Keep sb from doing sth: Keep sb doing sth: 使某人一直做某事 20. set 短语 Set up:创立 Set about doing sth: 着手做 Set out to do: 开始做或处理 Set aside: 对------不予考虑 Set off/ out for:动身，出发去某地 Set off: 引爆，激发 Set in: 到来，开始 21.Think highly of Think better of sb:对某人印象好； think well of: 重视 think little of : 看轻，看不起 Think poorly/badly/ill of: 不放在眼里； Think nothing of: 轻视，认为无所谓 22. search for: 寻找------；in search of: 为了寻找，追求； 7 词汇 A.suffer. Suffer from a headache. (遭受) His business suffered. （变坏，变差，变糟） Your studies will suffer if you play too much football. (变糟) Suffer------sufferer ------suffering 受苦者------ 痛苦，苦难 B..recover------recovery（n）: 重获，恢复 Jane recovered her lost wallet. ( 重新获得，重新找回，挽回，弥补) She has recovered her health. (使恢复) It took a long time for him to recover from a bad cold.(恢复健康，恢复原状，+ from) B. identity: 身份，本身；一致性 His driving license revealed his identity. identity-----identify----- identification -------identical 身份------ 识别 ------验明，鉴别------ 同一的，完全相同的 C. recognize: 识别，认出，承认，公认；-----recognition: 承认，确认。 recognize sb :认出某人 recognize sb to be:认为某人是 sb recognized as/ to be---: 某人被看做、认为是 recognize that: 公认、承认------ D. block D. 大块，街区： a block of ice: 一大块冰 D. 阻塞，堵住： The accident blocked traffic in the town centre. E．suggest------suggestion(接从句时，谓语动词用 should + do.) a. 建议 1）suggest + n/ doing 2) suggest + that 从句（从句用虚拟语气） She suggested that the class meeting ( should) not be held on Saturday. b. 暗示，表明 suggest + n suggest+ that 从句 F．trip: 旅行，游行 区别 travel, journey, trip, tour, voyage travel: 旅行总称 journey: 距离较长的单程旅行； trip: 短途旅行； voyage: 经海路或航空的长途行程。 G．persuade: 说服，劝说 Persuade sb + of sth: 说服某人相信某事 Persuade to do/into doing: 说服某人做 Persuade sb not to do/ out of doing: 说服某人不做 Try to persuade sb to do = advise sb to do: 只表劝说，而未必说服 8 H.schedule n. 计划表；日程安排表 vt: 将某事列入进度表，为某事安排时间。 Ahead of schedule : 提前 On schedule: 按计划，准时 Behind schedule: 比规定时间晚 I．stubborn 1) 倔强的，固执的，不退让的 2）难以移动、难以去除、难以医治的：a stubborn disease J.view : n. 风景 v．关于------的看法 v 把某人看做：view sb as in view of :鉴于；由于；考虑到； K． rise 1.(太阳、月亮)上升，升起 2. （物价）上涨 3. 起身，站起来 4. 上升，上涨（n） 5. 区别 rise 和 raise rise:不及物动词，指日、月、物价、烟、温度、河水及人的职位的上升，或“起床，起身”， 无被动语态。 raise：及物动词，意为“举起，提出，饲养，种植，募集 Lruin 1N.毁灭，崩溃 2N 废墟，遗迹 3Vt.毁灭，毁坏，使------成为废墟 4In ruins: 严重受损，破败不堪 M.Extreme a. 末端的，尽头的 b. 极端的，极度的 c. N 极端，末端 N.Injure : vt 伤害，损害，损伤 Hurt : 可指精神上或肉体上的伤害； Wound: 指战争、战斗的刀、枪、剑伤； Injure: 指意外事故中对健康、容貌的损害； Injured: 受伤的，受损害的 Injury: 伤害，伤口 The injured: 受伤的人（做主语时，谓语动词用复数） O． Trap: 1N 陷阱；捕捉器；圈套 2 Vt ：设陷阱捕捉；困住 Trap sb into: 使某人落入圈套 P． Judge: 9 Vt: 判决；裁判；评定；判断 N: 法官；裁判员；鉴定员 Judgement: 裁决，判定 Make a judgement of/ about: 对------做出判定 Q． quality a. 质，质量 b. 特性，品质 c. 优质的，高级的 型近词： quantity: 数量 R．fight( fought, fought) for : 为------而战 against：反对 fight with：和某人打架 over：因------而战 one’s way：杀出一条路 S． generous: 慷慨的，大方的，宽厚的；大量的，丰盛的 be generous with / in: 在------方面慷慨的 be generous to/ towards sb: 对某人宽宏大量的 T．progress: 进步，发展，前进，进行 make great/ good/ rapid progress in:在某方面取得伟大进步 in progress: 正在进展 U． allow: 允许，准许 allow doing sth allow sb to do sth allow for sb/ sth: 把某人或某物考虑在内 allow sth to sb: 让某人得到某物 V． position find our position on this map:在这张地图上找到我们的位置 a man of position:有地位/ 身份的人 in position: 在适合的位置 out of position: 在不适当的位置 区别同义词 State: 状态，状况 Condition: （居住、工作或做事的）环境，条件 Situation:形式，局面 Position: 职位，方位，职位 W．escape v. 逃脱，避开+ from/ doing n. 逃跑，避难设备，安全出口：a fire escape：一个安全出口 X． mean: be mean with---: 在某方面吝啬的 be mean to do: 对某人刻薄 mean to do: 打算做 mean doing: 意味着 10 Y． reward: vt& n: 报酬，酬劳 reward sb as/ sb be rewarded as: 作为------回报 reward sb for: 因------而给某人报酬 rewarding: 值得做的，令人满意的 award : 奖品，奖金；给予（vt ） Z．survive: 1）幸免，幸存，生还； Survive on: 靠------生存 2）流传（保留）下来 Survive from: 从------流传下来 Survive into: 流传至------ Survive as: 被当做------保留下来 3）survive: 比------活的时间长：She survived her own daughter by ten years. Survivor: 生还者； Survival: n 生存，幸存 4. select: 挑选，选择 辨析同义词 Choose: 最终选定某人或某物为------ Select: “精选”,比 choose 正式； Pick: 挑选，选择，常与 out 连用； Selector: 负责挑选的人； Selection：挑选，选择； A1.troop：n. 群，组，军队； V: 成群结对而行 A2.reception: 1）接待，招待会，接收； A reception committee: 接待委员会 Hold a wedding reception: 举办结婚宴会 Reception room: 客厅，起居室 2）reception: 可数名词“接待处” 3）reception: 不可数名词“接收，欢迎” A3 wooden: 木制的，呆板的，笨拙的； Adv：woodenly: 笨拙地，呆板地； Woodenness: 粗鲁的人 A4 . doubt: n. 怀疑， 疑惑 vt: 怀疑，不信；Do you doubt my word? in doubt: 不肯定的，不确定的； no doubt: 无疑的，很可能的； without doubt: 无疑的，确实地； remove: 移动，搬开，解决，搬家，除去，撤职； remove from: 从某处把某物移开；撤职，迁移，搬家. A5. local: 本地的，当地的（adj）;当地人，本地人；（可数名词）； 11 A6. evidence: 根据，证据；+ for/ of(既可做可数名词，也可作不可数名词) Evident: 明显的，明白的； evidently: 明显地； In evidence:明显的，显而易见的 It is evident that: 明显的，显著的 A7. debate: 争论；辩论（n）vi: 争论，辩论； 辨别同义词 debate：公开争论； discuss: 商讨：通过交换观点详细的商议某件事； bargain: +for/ with:谈价，谈条件：谈判，商谈关于售卖和交换等合同的条; 语法 1. should have done: 过去本应该做而没有做 shouldn’t have done: 过去本不应该做而做了 2. while + v-ing: While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. (当主从句主语一致时或从句的主语是 it 时，从句可变为此种表达方式)。 3. 强调句 结构：It is/was+ 被强调部分 + that/ who + 其他成分 例子：Yesterday Tom lost his watch on the playground. It was yesterday that Tom lost his watch on the playground. It was Tom that/ who lost his watch on the playground yesterday. 4. 定语从句 5. It’s believed/said that 6. 现在分词做状语：Living in peace, Hawaiians have developed a third sign of friendship.(当前 后主语一致时可用分词代替状语从句，一般表因果) 7.倍数的表达 1）A + be + 倍数+ as + 计量形容词 + as + B 2) A + be + 倍数+ 计量形容词比较级 + than + B 3) A + be + 倍数 + the + 计量名词 + of + B = The + 计量名词+ of + A + be + 倍数+ that + of +B This ruler is three times as long as the green one. The length of this ruler is three times that of the green one. This ruler is twice longer than the green one. This ruler is tree times the length of the green one. 8.现在分词短语作状语 Amazing as it may seem, Wednesday night was a quiet night. Amazing as / through it may seem= though/ Although it may seem amazing. 需把从句的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，若表语是名词，前置时要省略冠词。 Child as he is, he knows a lot= Through he is a child, he knows a lot. 各时态的被动语态