高一英语期末复习

1 高 一 英 语期末复习卷（一） 第一节：单项填空（共 15 小题，每小题１分，满分 15 分） 21. —When will we start to reconstruct the historical sites of the Ming Dynasty in Yangzhou? —Not until our plan ________ by the committee. A. will be approved B. has approved C. is to approve D. has been approved 22. Depending on your preferences, you can create a new program and use it ________ the old one. A. in defense of B. in place of C. in spite of D. in case of 23. All the students went to the fields to take care of the little trees, ________ great damage had been done by the heavy rain. A. at which B. to which C. on which D. with which 24. Because of the traffic jams ahead, the policeman, whose voice came out of the fog, was trying to ________ Polly down. A. break B. turn C. wave D. bend 25. Howard Beach is a mostly white neighborhood that is perhaps best known for a racial incident, ________ a group of white teens caused the death of a black man. A. where B. what C. which D. when 26. Workmen work to earn money but not for money, whose job is the ________ of their attitude(态度) to doing things with the drive to perfect their skill. A. attraction B. guidance C. reflection D. approval 27. FortyLions is too selfish and stubborn—________, she is not a competitive candidate. A. variously B. rudely C. altogether D. harmoniously 28. —Look at those clouds! —Don’t worry. ________ it rains, we’ll still have a great time with the company of close friends. A. Even though B. As if C. In case D. Only if 29. With the good care taken by doctors and nurses, most patients injured in this traffic accident are beginning to ________. A. make up B. turn up C. take up D. pick up 30. The question why Cheng Yu chose to return to his hometown from abroad made him feel lost and as if he didn’t ________ here. 2 A. tolerate B. wander C. belong D. hesitate 31. —Could you meet me at the airport at nine o’clock? —I’d like to, but I’m afraid I ________ a very important lecture then. A. am attending B. was attending C. will be attending D. will have attended 32. I believe that she must have been at home last night, ________? A. didn’t she B. wasn’t she C. mustn’t she D. needn’t she 33. Happiness is a feeling ________ there is always something or somebody lighting up your eyes and making you want to sing for no reason. A. when B. which C. whether D. that 34. —I wonder what makes him a good English teacher. —He ________ as a volunteer in the UK for three years, which helps with his work a lot. A. served B. has served C. serves D. had served 35. —I’ve seen something, and I’m not saying there’s anything wrong about it, but I’d feel uncomfortable if I kept it to myself. —________. A. It’s a piece of cake B. Don’t pull my leg C. You have green fingers D. I’m all ears 第二节：完形填空（共 15 小题，每小题１分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑。 Some women may admire those who stay home taking care of children without thinking of anything about jobs. Lots of families ___36___ on one income(收入). However, We never thought that we would be anything else though it’s hardly news that to be a working mother has its ___37___. Tom travelled much when our children were young. Luckily, I had an understanding boss, who allowed me to work a reduced ___38___ for about 12 years. My 32-hour work week provided the chance to ___39___ in my children’s kindergarten classrooms. Never ___40___ the value of routine (常规). When Dad was away, the children knew the drill. ___41___ piano lessons interrupted (打断) our usual arrangement once in a while, generally we ___42___, had breakfast and out at the same time every day and back in, fed and bathed with a little time left over for a game or a ___43___ TV 3 show. I got a few minutes of ___44___ before sleep. My work at the news centre has been fun and ___45___. I’ve spent my working hours improving sentences and ___46___ and passing along information about our town. My work has been ___47___ to me in important ways, and I think it has made me a more interesting and satisfied ___48___ and parent. And our family has learned to ___49___ the time we do have together. ___50___, if I had to do it over again, I wouldn’t change my mind to be a working mom. 36. A. defend B. disagree C. concentrate D. manage 37. A. failures B. strengths C. challenges D. attractions 38. A. guidance B. schedule C. freedom D. data 39. A. volunteer B. select C. arrange D. roll 40. A. approve B. ignore C. preserve D. inspire 41. A. Though B. If C. Since D. Until 42. A. got up B. got on C. got off D. got by 43. A. lasting B. favorite C. frightening D. forbidden 44. A. patience B. devotion C. peace D. defense 45. A. annoying B. embarrassing C. exciting D. confusing 46. A. systems B. signals C. status D. stories 47. A. meaningful B. painful C. disturbing D. useless 48. A. athlete B. partner C. graduate D. captain 49. A. reserve B. suffer C. enjoy D. kill 50. A. Somehow B. Besides C. However D. So 第三部分：阅读理解（共 15 小题，每小题 2 分, 满分 30 分） 阅读下面四篇短文，从所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项 涂黑。 A Your True Stories A PURR-FECT ANSWER As a kindergarten teacher, I work with students of different reading abilities. One day, I was helping a student 4 who was struggling to learn the letter sounds. I used flash cards with letters and pictures to help. I showed him the letters and a picture of a snake to call attention to the sound. Sss, snake. Next came the letter c. He couldn’t remember the sound, so I showed him a picture of a cat. When I asked him to tell me the sound of c, he looked puzzled and said, “Meow?” PIANO WOMAN When I saved a piano from an old house, I had not considered that I would need assistance moving it from the back of my pickup truck into my home. Finally, I had to drive around with it for several days. One day, a police officer pulled me over. He had seen me before and asked why I was driving around with a piano in my truck bed. I told him that my car radio had broken and I couldn’t afford a new one. He laughed—and he let me go without a ticket. SEE DAD RUN Like most dads, I imagine, I’d always assumed that my three-year-old son looked up to me as a superhero. Until one day, that is, when, having picked him up from school, I saw that we were about to miss our bus and decided to make a run for it. Once we were safely aboard, I noticed that my son was staring at me with his big blue eyes. “What’s the matter?” I asked him, still out of breath. He whispered, “Daddy, I didn’t know you could run.” ____________________ After moving to the country, my three-year-old daughter and I were often alone in our house. Because we lived in a rural area with no close neighbors, I wanted to make sure she would be able to call 911 in the event that something happened to me. After instructing her, I decided to test her: “OK, what would you do if you found me on the floor and you couldn’t wake me up?” I could see her little brain working. To my surprise, she said, “I would go into the kitchen and eat anything I want.” 51. Why did the police officer laugh and let the woman go without a ticket? A. Because the woman didn’t break any traffic rules on purpose that day. B. Because the woman was wise enough to give him appropriate explanations. C. Because the police officer was so kind and friendly that he wanted to help her. D. Because the police officer had seen the woman for several times before. 5 52. Which of the following is the most suitable to be put in the blank of the text? A. CLOSE NEIGHBORS B. YOUNG DAUGHTER C. SNACK EMERGENCY D. CALL 911-HELP 53. What do you think of the stories? A. Fun B. Caring C. Confusing D. Amazing B A saying is a short, clever expression that usually contains advice or expresses some obvious truth. Though the meanings shown for sayings are believed to be generally accepted, for some sayings sometimes they may go otherwise. No Use Crying Over Spilt(溢出的) Milk. Crying can help people recover from disappointment. True, it’s dangerous to live on the past, but holding back those spilt-milk tears could hurt even more. A survey of more than 5,000 weepers in the Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology suggests that people who do not cry only feel worse. Or, to put it another way, “Sometimes we should cry over spilt milk,” writes Aaron Ben-Ze’ev, a philosophy professor at the University of Haifa in Israel. “Otherwise, how will we learn to value milk, and how will we avoid spilling it again?” You Catch More Flies with Honey than with Vinegar. Vinegar(醋) is a fly magnet. If you’ve ever endured a fruit fly(苍蝇) invasion in your home, a bowl of vinegar was likely your first line of defense. Researchers from Northwestern University found that “The hungrier a fly gets, the quicker it gives in to vinegar”. Money Can’t Buy Happiness. Yes, it can. Happiness is going by no matter what your bank account looks like, but research shows that money does, in fact, give you short-term bursts of joy—if you spend wisely. Experiences such as concerts or holidays have been shown to bring greater happiness than shopping. People who spend money on others are also measurably happier than those who treat themselves. So do yourself a favour: buy happiness for someone else. Pick the Low-Hanging Fruit First (“Low-hanging fruit” refers to easy-to-reach fruit or easy-to-finish tasks). Lower fruit is often the last to grow fully. “Fruit that is high up, exposed to the sun, develops the fastest,” says Gennaro Fazio, a plant geneticist(基因学家) for the USDA’s Agricultural Resource Service, “and you want to pick the low-hanging fruit last, so it has more time to develop.” What’s more, “Starting at the top makes the job easier,” says Henry Rueda, an apple-picking professional. When pickers harvest from top to bottom, the bags of fruit they carry around their necks and shoulders grow heavier as they move downwards. 6 54. Which of following statements is supported by Gennaro Fazio? A. The low-hanging fruit is often the last that we are supposed to pick. B. The first goals set for yourself should be easier to achieve than other goals. C. Workers enjoy the ease with which the lower fruit can be picked in the tree. D. Every situation is different and easy pickings that count are done first. 55. According to the article, the writer may argue that ________. A. one’s words can never be taken back just like the spilt milk B. money is not a good servant but a bad master when it speaks C. blindly believing the whole book is worse than having no book D. flies are much fonder of honey than vinegar when they’re hungry 56. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A. What Are the Household Sayings for? B. What Are Wrong with These Sayings? C. Where Are These Well-known Sayings from? D. How Can These Sayings Be Understood? C Some bats sing just as birds and humans do. But how they learn their calls and melodies is a mystery—one that scientists will try to solve by researching the genes of more than 1,000 bat species. The project, called Bat 1K, was announced on 14 November at the annual meeting of the Society for Neuroscience in San Diego, California. Its organizers also hope to learn more about the flying mammals’ echolocation ability—the ability to find directions in the dark; their strong immune systems that can defend against Ebola, a deadly virus; and their relatively long lifespans. “The genomes of all these other species, like birds and mice, are well-understood,” says an expert at the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics in Nijmegen, the Netherlands. “But we don’t know anything about bat genes yet.” Some bats show babbling behavior, including barks, chatter, screeches, whistles and trills, says Mirjam Knörnschild, a behavioral ecologist at the Free University of Berlin. Young bats learn the songs and other sounds from older male tutors. They use these sounds during courtship and mating, when they seek food and as they defend their territory against rivals. 7 Scientists have studied the vocal sounds of only about 50 bat species so far, Knörnschild says, and they know much less about bats’ communication than birds’. Four species of bat have so far been found to learn vocal sounds from each other, their fathers and other adult males, just as a child gradually learns how to speak from its parents. Genetic studies have discovered at least one gene in bats that is linked to speech and language, called FOXP2. The gene is also known to have a role in how people learn language, and in vocal learning in song-birds. Researchers working on the Bat 1K project expect to find that other genes are also involved in communication, and that many more bat species have the ability to learn songs, calls and other sounds. “It’s not a rare trait,” Knörnschild says. “I’m becoming convinced that all bats are more or less the same in vocal learning.” Bats’ echolocation ability has been studied for many years, partly because of its applications to sonar and radar. But scientists know very little about the vocal communication and social behaviour that drive how bats learn their songs and sounds, says Michael Yartsev, a neurobiologist at University of California, Berkeley. The study of vocal learning in bats is “nearly completely untapped”, he says—comparing it to the state of research into birdsong 60 years ago. 57. The project, Bat 1K is carried out mainly to ________. A. do research on the genes of more bat species B. research bats’ ability to find directions in the dark C. study the way bats learn their calls and songs D. learn more secrets about bats’ longer lifespans 58. From Para 5 and 6, we can safely infer that ________. A. scientists have studied only approximately 50 bat species so far B. of all bats, only four species learn vocal sounds from each other C. more than one gene linked to speech and language has been discovered D. the gene FOXP2 has something to do with human language learning 59. Which of the following is the word “trait” in Paragraph 6 closest to in meaning? A. quality B. behavior C. habit D. gene 60. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Scientists try to know more about bat genes. B. Scientists seek keys to bats’ vocal sounds. C. All bats are almost the same in vocal learning. 8 D. Bats sing just as birds and human beings do. D Automated cars—once a far-off dream—have in recent years left the field of science fiction and come closer to the American garage. Leading U.S. automakers say that real self-driving cars are coming within two decades and they’re fighting to stay competitive. These advances promise relief to people sick of two-hour driving and heavy traffic, but they leave open questions for a society shaped around the automobile for the past century. Perhaps no area is more uncertain than the environmental impact of automated vehicles. One report from the Department of Energy found that automated vehicles could reduce fuel consumption(油耗) for passenger cars by as much as 90%, or increase it by more than 200%. That’s a huge difference considering that more than a quarter of U.S. greenhouse-gas emissions(排放) come from transportation, according to an expert. And scientists say reducing that figure will be the key to dealing with man-made climate change. “There’s a great energy influence possible,” says Jeff Gonder, a transportation researcher. “But there remains great uncertainty in the degree and even direction.” Depending on various factors, it remains to be seen how a future with automated cars will take shape. Most importantly, researchers expect that automated cars will lead to a sharp increase in the average miles traveled by a given vehicle. Key problems with driving a car, such as tiredness, age or drunkenness(醉酒), will disappear, and car owners will be free to travel further and more frequently. Workers may choose to live even further away from the office, deciding to sleep in the car or use that time to work out in it. And, once in the city, car owners might guide their vehicle to drive around in circles rather than pay for parking. “A lot of the uncertainty comes from not knowing how the value of people’s time is going to change,” says Don MacKenzie, a researcher at the University of Washington. “There will be some kind of cost connected with the travel, but it’s much less than it is today.” Researchers have tried to create a model of how humans might respond to automated driving using surveys, driving data and lab experiments, but eventually the great number of choices and assumptions involved in transportation has made reaching exact conclusions about driving behavior difficult. Engineers say that the largely accident-free vehicles can remove safety equipment, such as antilock brakes and airbags, which has increased the weight—and fuel consumption—of vehicles. Automated cars can also travel closer 9 together, allowing them to take advantage of aerodynamics(气体力学). Trucking fleets(车队) are already trying to take advantage of this fuel-saving measure. 61. What message can we get from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2? A. Some automated cars have better qualities than others. B. One automated vehicle may consume much less fuel than another. C. We are not sure about the environmental impact of automated cars. D. We cannot make sure of the quality of automated cars. 62. Which is not the reason for a sharp increase in the miles run by a certain self-driving car? A. More convenient roads and fewer traffic jams. B. Workers’ living further away from the office. C. Choosing not to pay for parking but to drive around. D. The disappearance of various limits on drivers. 63. The missing sentence “Besides changed driving behaviors, simple technology advances will reduce the environmental damage of automated cars” should be put at the beginning of_______. A. Para. 5 B. Para. 6 C. Para. 7 D. Para. 8 64. After reading the passage, one may safely conclude that________. A. self-driving cars need less safety equipment because of receiving little damage in accidents B. those who have to drive a long distance to work are less likely to choose a self-driving car C. with more safety equipment, automated cars are much heavier than traditional ones D. traveling the same distance, a self-driving car consumes less fuel than a traditional one 65. The author writes this passage in order to ________. A. remind us of a bright future about the future of automated cars B. explain to us why self-driving cars might not need less fuel C. argue that self-driving cars are beneficial to the environment D. advise the readers not to be in a rush to buy an automated car 第四部分：任务型阅读（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，并根据文章内容在后面表格中每个空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意：每个空格只填一个单词。 10 Being a genius(天才) is different than just being supersmart. Smart people are seen everywhere, and many of them don’t amount to much. What matters is creativity, the ability to apply imagination to almost any situation. Take Benjamin Franklin for example. He lacked the processing power to make an analysis like a Hamilton. Yet with little formal education, Franklin taught himself to become the American Enlightenment’s best inventor, diplomat, scientist, writer and business strategist. He once invented a rod to tame electricity. He even designed clean-burning stoves, charts of the Gulf Stream, bifocal glasses, musical instruments and America’s unique style of humor. Albert Einstein followed a similar path. He was slow in learning to speak as a child—so slow that his parents turned to a doctor. He also rebelled(反抗) against authority, which led one schoolmaster to amuse history by saying that he would never amount to much. But it was just Einstein’s rebellion that led him to question received wisdom. And his slow verbal development allowed him to observe with wonder the everyday happenings that others took for granted. “The ordinary adult never bothers his head about the problems of space and time,” Einstein once explained. “But I developed so slowly that I began to wonder about space and time only when I was already grown up.” So in 1905, Einstein totally changed our understanding of the universe by coming up with the two pillars of contemporary physics: relativity theory and quantum theory. Then there’s Steve Jobs. Much like Einstein, he would pull out his violin to play Mozart when he was disturbed in seeking theories (he said it helped him reconnect with the harmonies of the universe), Jobs believed that beauty mattered, and that the arts, sciences and humanities should all connect. After dropping out of college, Jobs majored in calligraphy and dance before seeking spiritual enlightenment in India—which meant that every product he made, from the Macintosh to the iPhone, had a beauty that was almost spiritual in nature, unlike the products of his competitors. Title: The Making of Genius Introduction Being a genius is more than being supersmart, for smart people, many of whom don’t amount to much, are ___66___. ___67___ Franklin ● Compared with Hamilton, he was lacking in the processing power to ___68___things. ● Without formal education, Franklin learned by himself and made great achievements in many ___69___. 11 Einstein His rebellion against authority led one headmaster to assume that he wouldn’t achieve much, thus playing a joke on history. His slow ___70___in language learning enabled him to observe ordinary things in daily life with wonder. His rebellion also resulted in ___71___received wisdom. His two theories of contemporary physics completely changed how we ___72___the universe. Jobs In seeking theories, he managed to recover himself and be in ___73___with the universe again by playing the piano after being disturbed. Combining arts, sciences and humanities, he made many smart products which were ___74___to those of his competitors in spiritual beauty. Conclusion To make a genius, what really ___75___is to be creative. 第五部分 单词拼写（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分, 共 10 分） 第一节：根据首字母，填写一个语法和意义均正确的词（每空一词，每词 1 分） 76. It is the end of January, and the Spring Festival is a________. 77. “I will seek another term as Russia’s president,” he a________ on December 7th, 2017. 78. There has been a lot of progress towards providing access to medical t___________ but we still have a lot to do in the fight against the cancer. 79. Marx, Engels, Lenin, and Mao Zedong are all important historical f__________. 80. Cooperation(合作) between the two countries has w_________ great progress in renewable energy. 第二节：根据新概念内容，填写一个语法和意义均正确的词（每空一词，每词 1 分） 81. —What did the thieves take from Mr. Taylor’s shop? —They got away with thousands of pounds w________ of diamonds. 82. —Has it ever happened to you? Have you ever put your trousers in the washing machine and then remembered there was a large bank note in your back pocket? —A recent c________ like this concerns Jane Butlin whose fiancé, John, runs a successful furniture business. 12 83. —Did the dogs have greater freedom? —Yes. They are allowed to w________ outside their enclosure. 84. —Why do cats stretch out their legs like flying squirrels? —Because this increases their air-resistance and r________ the shock of impact when they hit the ground. 85. —In the sentence “a huge iceberg was suddenly seen by a look-out”, which word can replace “seen”? —A huge iceberg was suddenly s________ by a look-out. 第六部分 书面表达（满分 20 分） 86. 每个人都想获得成功，但生活中失败却不可避免。作为一名高中生，我们该如何看待失败？请结合 以下提示用英语写一篇短文。 1. As a teenager, what’s your understanding of failure? 2. What do you think the benefits of failure are? 3. How should you deal with failure when facing it? And your views about it. 写作要求： 1．对所有要点逐一陈述，适当发挥。学￥科￥网...学￥科 2．词数 150 左右。开头已写好，不计入总词数。 3．作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如：校名、人名等。 Failure is one of those life experiences most of us can’t avoid. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 小练（二） 1. China has been its efforts to build a close relationship with many African countries. A. turning up B. stepping up C. adding up D. making up 2. Tony has just arrived here, but I didn’t know he until yesterday. 13 A. would come B. had come C. came D. will come 3. Johnson stayed up last night because his composition is today. A. splendid B. rough C. due D. fluent 4. 1 want to thank Professor Doris, without help I couldn’t have made so much progress. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose 5. Ordinary people can own guns in America, but that is not the in China. A. case B. freedom C. fortune D. system 6. of your ability is one of the most important factors of success. A. Convincing B. To convince C. Being convinced D. Convinced 7. You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the entrance your mother will meet you. A. where B. that C. which D. how 8. At 2.26 metres, Yaoming, a famous Chinese basketball player, over his friends. A. towers B. orbits C. mounts D. rockets 9. The home price is still rising. How I wish every average family a roof over their heads! A. has had B. had C. has D. will have 10. Please be seated and have a little patience. Ms. Jones will be back . A. normally B. recently C. shortly D. distantly 11. the police haven’t dismissed the idea, they are looking into other possibilities as well. A. Before B. If C. As D. While 14 12. —Oh, I can’t decide which coat to choose. —Take the blue one, as the colour looks good your skin. A. over B. against C. on D. for 13. If properly, time is the money in the bank. A. using B. used C. to use D. use 14. There’s a store in our school, where we can buy goods very cheaply. A. companion B. content C. donation D. discount 15. —This is your order, a cake and an apple pie. ? —I’ll have it here. A. Anything else B. Is that OK C. For here or to go D. Anything to drink