非限制性定语从句

  非限制性定语从句 一、复习关系词的用法：（在对应用法处打钩） 关系词 先行词（物） 先行词（人）   定语 时间 状语 地点 状语 原因 状语 主语 宾语 主语 宾语     关系 代词 which √ √             that √ √ √ √         who     √ √         whom       √           whose         √       关系副词 when           √     where             √   why               √ 用适当的关系词填空： 1.      The person _______ is standing there is my teacher. 2.      The person ________ you spoke just now is my teacher. 3.      The person ________ you spoke to just now is my teacher. 4.      I bought a car__________ cost little. 5.      The car __________ I bought yesterday cost little. 6.      This school is the one _________ I studied ten years ago. 7.      This is the little girl ___________ parents were killed in the earthquake. 8.      The boss in ________  company my father worked is a very kind man. 9.      I will remember that day __________ I first came to Beijing. 10.  There are several reasons _________ we can’t do that. 1.      who/that  2.to whom  3.who/whom/that  4. which/that  5. which/that 6. in which/where  7.whose   8.whose  9. when/on which  10.why/for which 二、观察下列句子并翻译 1.I’m taking weight-loss pills called Fat-Less, which are quite popular among young women here. ____________________________________________________________________ 2.My mother, who you met last year, keeps telling me not to take them because they are dangerous. _____________________________________________________________________ 3. Many people, some of whom are not overweight at all, are always going on diets or taking weight-loss pills, which are often dangerous. _____________________________________________________________________ 结论：以上三句是非限制性定语从句。 非限制性定语从句是对先行词起补充和附加说明的定语从句。通常用逗号与先行词隔开，可以修饰主句中的某个名词，也可以修饰整个主句。若省略掉非限制性定语从句，也不会影响句意的完整性。 三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 观察下列句子并总结： Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college． 她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。 All the books that have pictures in them are well written. 所有里面带插图的书都写得很好。 结论1： 限制性定语从句在形式上不用逗号“，”与主句隔开，是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。 观察下列句子并总结： Her brother，who is now a soldier，always encourages her to go to college． 她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学 All the books，which have pictures in them，are well written． 所有的书都带插图，这些书都得很好。 结论2：非限制性定语从句在形式上用逗号“，”与主句隔开，是对先行词意义的补充说明，如去掉，主句仍能表达完整的意思，通常译成主句的并列句。 结论3：在关系词的使用上 1) 在限制性定语从句中，关系词作宾语时可以省略；在非限制性定语从句中，关系词不可省略。 2) 限制性定语从句中可用that，而非限制性定语从句中则不用that。 The book__(that/which)__ I bought yesterday is Harry Potter and the Order of Phoenix.  The book，__which____ l bought yesterday，is Harry Potter and the Order of Phoenix. The engineer __(who/whom/that)__ I met in the office worked very hard． The engineer，__whom__ I met in the office，worked very hard． His mother，__who___ loves him very much，is strict with him． 四、注意点： 1．all /some of +which/whom 表达全部或者一部分的量 He has two sons.  Both of them are teachers.（他们俩都是教师） He has two sons, both of whom are teachers. （他们俩都是教师） Here are the questions, some of which I think are difficult for you.（有一些） 2．which 可以用来代替前面的整个主句 He failed in the exam, which made his parents angry.__________________________ He seldom finishes his work on time, which always makes his boss very angry. ____________________________________________________________________ 3．as 的用法： as: “正如、就像”, 引导定从时, 可置于句首、句中或句末 固定搭配：such….as   so… as    the same…as   as还用于一些固定的句式：as is known to all, as is often the case,  as often happens as is reported, as is hoped, as is supposed 等 Shenzhou VI was successfully launched, __as___ many experts expected. __As___ is known to all, China is a country with the largest population. This is such an interesting book __as__ we all like. This is such an interesting book __that__we all like it This is so interesting a book __as__ we all like. This is so interesting a book _that___we all like it. [NextPage]   4． as与which的区别： 定语 从句 区别 例句 限制性定语从句　中 名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代词用as,不能用which He is not such a fool as he looks. Don’t read such books as you can’t understand. 非限制性定语从句中 as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。as引导的定语从句可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面；而which引导的从句只能放主句后。 They won the game, as we had expected. They won the game, which we hadn’t expected. As is well known, he is a famous film star in the 1980s. 练习： 1. John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.   A. as     B. that     C. what     D. who 2. The result of the experiment was very good, ______ we hadn’t expected.   A. when                 B. that         C. which             D. what 3. He must be from Africa, ______ can be seen from his skin.   A. that          B. as         C. it          D. what 4.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.   A. that          B. which    C. for which       D. who 5. Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular. A. that   B. which   C. it    D. what 6.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.   A. which   B. that   C. whom   D. who 7. The old man has two sons, ______ are lawyers.   A. both of them           B. both of who        C. both of whom      D. both of they 8. I have bought two ball pens, _______ writes well. A. none of them B. neither of them C. neither of which D. none of which 9. In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.   A. them    B. which    C. whom    D. who 10. In our factory there are 2,000 workers, and two thirds of ____are women. A. them     B. which   C. whom    D. who 11. I lost a book, ______I can't remember now. A. whose title   B. its title   C. the title of it    D. the title of that 12.Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______ Hangzhou is famous.   A. for which    B. for that    C. in which       D. what 13. The children climbed up the hill, ________ they picnicked. A. on its top   B. on the top of it   C. on the top of which   D. on the top of that 14. He is a man of great knowledge, ______ much can be learned.   A. in whom               B. about whom       C. from whom        D. of whom 15. Have you ever been to Shanghai, ______ I left ten years ago?   A. where              B. which             C. that          D. when 16. He has left Beijing, ______ a meeting is to be held.   A. when               B. where              C. as                 D. which 17.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV. A. that   B. which    C. as    D. it 18. I don't like ______ as you read.   A. the novels   B. the such novels   C. such novels   D. same novels 19. I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which    B. who     C. what     D. as 20. I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.   A. as was   B. which was    C. as were    D. which 21. He paid the boy 10 yuan for washing ten windows, most of ______ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. A. these    B. those    C. that    D. which 22. There are different forms of energy, ______ come from the sun. A. most of that  B. most of which  C. most of them  D. most of it 23.  ______ is announced in the newspaper, our country owned 16 gold medals in the 26th Olympic Games.  A. It    B. That    C. As   D. Which 24. I’m leaving for Taiyuan on Sunday, ______ happens to be my birthday. A. when       B. that           C. which       D. it 25. My brother made another wonderful discovery, ______ of great importance. A. which I think is               B. which I think it is C. which I think it                D. I think which is 26. I shall never forget those years ______ I lived in the country with the farmer, ______ has a great effect on my life. A  that; which  B  when; which  C  when; who  D  which; that 27. She is such a lovely girl ______ is liked by everybody. A  what       B  as          C  that        D  which 28. She likes to use words ______ are clear to him. A  of which the meanings        B  meanings of which C  whose the meanings          D  meanings of whose 29. I, ______ your friend, will surely help you out. A  who is     B  who am      C  that is      D  I am 30 The famous football star, ______ decided to retire, attracted a lot of attention. A  who       B  that         C  which      D  he 1—10 ACBBB   DCCCA   11—20AACCB   BCCDC 21—30 DBCCA   BBABA