七年级英语暑假作业5

七年级英语暑假作业五 第一， be 动词的用法 一． Be 动词（am, is, are）的用法 口诀：I 用 am , you 用 are ,is 连着他（he） 她（she）它（it）。单数统统用 is，复数一律 都用 are. 变疑问，往前提，句末问好莫丢弃， 变否定，更容易，be 后 not 莫忘记，疑问否 定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。 注意：be 动词通常会和其他词连写在一起， 如：I’m , what’s ,name’s, they’re 等 I ________ a student. You ________ Janpanese. He _______ my brother. She_______ very nice. My name ________Harry. I _______ 10 years old. Lilei _________ very tall. Mary, this _________ Tom. Miss Zhou ________ my teacher. What_____ this? The cat________ black. This book________ very interesting. Lilei and I __________ good friends. These ________ apples. Those_________ bananas. They _________students. ________ she from China? ________ you good at English? The books ________ on the desk. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.The girl______ Jack's sister. The dog _______ tall and fat. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher. ______ your brother in the classroom? Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home. How _______ your father. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school. Whose dress ______this? Whose socks ______ they? That ______ my red skirt. Who ______ I? The jeans ______ on the desk. Here ______many oranges for you. Here ______ some sweaters for you. The black pants ______ for Su Yang. This pair of boots ______ for Yang Ling. There some milk for me. Some tea ______ in the glass. Gao shan's shirt _______ over there. My sister's name ______Nancy. This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil. ______ David and Helen from England? There ______ a girl in the room. There ______ some apples on the tree. _______ there any kites in the classroom? _______ there any apple juice in the bottle? There _______ some bread on the plate. There _______ a boy, and ten women in the park. You, he and I ______ from China. My telephone number________8563-0770. 第二， 物主代词和人称代词的用法 . 二）代词 1. 含义： 代词是为了避免重复用来代替名词的词，大多 数代词具有名词和形容词的作用。 2. 1) 表示“我”、“你”、“他（她、它）”、“我 们”、“你们”、“他（她、它）们”的词叫做人 称代词。 2) 变化形式 数 人称 词义 格 单数 复数 一 二 三 一 二 三 我 你 他 她 它 我们 你们 他们 主格 I you he she it we you they 宾格 me you him her it us you them 3) 用法 ① 人称代词的主格在句子中作主 语。例如： He comes from Japan.他来自日本。 ② 人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语。例如： Let her play the piano for you.让她为你弹钢 琴。 高分突破：1) 当几个代词同时作主语时，其 顺序一般是：单数：you, he and I 复数：we, you and they. 例如：You, he and I are in the same school now. 你，他和我现在在同一个学校。 We, you and they like our teachers.我们，你们 和他们都喜欢我们的老师。 2).表示国家、大地、船只、月亮等名词常用 she 来替代（sun 用 he）。 例如 ： China is my motherland. She is very beautiful. 中国是我的祖国，她很漂亮。 3. 1) 表所有关系的代词叫物主代词。包括形 容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 形容词性的物主代词 my your his her its our your their 名词性的物主代词 mineyours his hers its ours yours theirs 3) 用法 ① 形容词性物主代词在句中作定语。例如： Today is his birthday. ② 名词性物主代词常用来避免前面已提及 的名词，作主语、表语或宾语。 例 如 ： This is your backpack, mine （ =my backpack） is on the floor under the bed. 这个是你的双肩背包，我的(双肩背包)在床下 的地板上。 4.1) 表相互关系的代词叫相互代词。有 each other, one another 等,在句中作宾语。 例如：We should help each other. 2) 其 所 有 格 格 式 为 ： each other ’ s, one another’s, 作定语。 例如：We don’t know each other’s names.我 们不知道彼此的名字。 5. 1) 表示“这个”、“那个”、“这些”、“那些” 等指示概念的代词叫作指示代词。 2) 指示代词有：this, that, these, those, such(这 样的) same(同样的) 等；可在句中作主语、表 语、宾语或定语。 6. 1) 表示不定数量的人或物的代词叫做不定 代词。 2) 常见词：some 一些（肯定）, any 一些， 任何一个（否定或疑问句）all 全都, one 一 个, each 每个, more 更多的, most 多数 的 many 许多（修饰可数名词）, much 许 多（修饰不可数名词）,little 很少的，几乎没 有的（修饰不可数名词），等。 3)另外还有由 some, any, no（没有）, every（每 个）构成的复合不定代词。 如：someone(thing), anyone, everyone, somebody, anybody, everybody, nobody 等。 4)不定代词具有名词和形容词的性质，并有可 数和不可数之分，在句中作主语、表语、宾语、 定语、同位语、状语等。 7. 1) 疑问代词 what, which, who, whom, whose 用来构成特殊疑问句，在句中作主语、宾语、 定语和表语。 2) ① what 一般用来指物，指人时通常询问职 业。 例如 What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？ He’s a teacher.你父亲是干什么的？他是教师。 ②who(主格形式)谁, 作主语或表语；whom(宾 格形式)谁，作宾语；whose(所有格形式)谁的， 作定语。 例如：Who’s the girl in yellow?穿黄色衣服的 女孩是谁？ Whom do you want to see?你想见谁？ Whose car is this?这是谁的车？ 一 根据句子前后内容，写出正确的代词。 Li lei is from China.___________ is Chinese. My name is Gina._________ am a student. This is Tom.________ is in Grade Two. His name is Tony.____ telephone number is 2232536 She is a student.________name is Julia. 二.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I ) 2.The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she ) 3.Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I ) 4. _________ is my brother. _________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he ) 5. _________ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _________? ( you ) 6.Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ? ( she ) 7.I can find my toy, but where’s _________? ( you ) 8. Show _________ your kite, OK? (they) 9. I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it ) 10.Are these _________ tickets? No, _________ are not _________. _________ aren’t here. ( they ) 11.Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. ( we ) 12 ． _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse. ( she ) 13. That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. ( he ) 14.Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they ) 15. Don’t touch _________. _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger! 16. _________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. ( she ) 17. _________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we ) 18.So many dogs. Let’s count _________. ( they ) 19. I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much. ( he ) 20.May I sit beside _________? ( you ) 21.Look at that desk. Those book are on _________. ( it ） 22.The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she ) 23. This is __________(我的)pen. 24._________(我们的) sweaters are there. 25. I like this picture. Please give ________(它) to ________(我). 26. _____(他们) are new students. _____(他们的) names are Lucy and Lily. 27. These are _____(我们的) shoes. Can ____(我 们) wear ______(它们). 28．Thank _______ for _______(你的) help. 29. _______(他) loves _______（他的）mother, and _______ （ 他 的 ） mother loves _______ （他）,too. _______( 我 ) love _________ （ 你 ） , and ________(你) love _______（我），too. 30. ___(我) am a worker（工人）. _____(你) are a doctor（医生）. ______(她) is a teacher. 提高题: 一、用适当的人称代词填空： 1.______ is my aunt. We often visit __________. 2.China is a developing country. __________ lies in the east of Asia. 3.Professor Wang sets __________ a good example. We must learn from __________. 4.What day is __________ today? — __________ is Thursday. 5. How far is the thunder ? — __________ is three kilometers away. 7.These new houses are so nice. __________ are very expensive. 8. __________ say that those old houses will be rebuilt. 9. Is __________ the milkman at the door? — Yes, that’s __________. 10.The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didn’t __________? 11. Ling Ling is a girl. ____ studies in a primary school. Her brother lives with ____ and helps ____ to prepare the lessons. 12.The ship is lying at anchor ( 停 泊 ) . ____ comes from Shanghai. 13.This photo of your mother is very much like her. I like ____. 14.Mike is my classmate. ____ is good at physics . 15.Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to ____ ? 16.What's the weather like today ? ____ is cloudy. 二、用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词填 空 1. I ate all ____ sandwiches yesterday. Can I have one of ____ ? 2. Tell Tom not to forget ____ book. And you mustn't forget ____ . 3. George has lost ____ pen. Ask Mary if（是否） she will lend him ____ . 4.. Jack has a dog and so have I. ____ dog and ____ had a fight (打架). 5. The teacher wants you to return that book of ____ 6. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend of ____ are coming to see us. 7. Mary wants to know if（是否） you've seen a pair of gloves of ____ . 8. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of ____ . 三、用适当的人称代词和物主代词填空 A. 从括号内选择正确的代词填空 1.Your football clothes are on the desk. Please put ______(they，them，their，theirs) away. 2. (We，Us，Our，Ours)_________ English teacher is Mrs. Green.We all like _______(she，her，hers). 3. (I，Me，My，Mine)_________ can't get my kite. Could you help _________(I，me，my，mine)? 4. Tom can't get down from the tree. Can you help _________(he，him，his)? 5. Her kite is broken. Can _________(you，your， yours) mend it? 6. We can't find our bikes. Can you help _________(we，us，our，ours)? 7.These are _________(he ， him ， his) planes. The white ones are _________(I，me，mine). B. 填入正确的人称代词和物主代词 1. This isn't her knife. _________ is green. 2. These are your books，Kate. Put __________ in the desk，please. 3. You must look after ________ things. 4. Wei Fang，is that ________ ruler? Yes，it's. 5. They want a football. Give __________ the green one，please. 6. It's Lin Tao's bag. Give ________ to __________. 7. Is this pencil-box Li Lei's? No，___________ is very new. 8. This box is too heavy. I can't carry _________. Don't worry，Let __________ help __________. 9. _____ is a boy _____ name is Mike. Mike's friends like _____ very much. 10. My sister is in _____ room. _____ is a teacher. 11. Jane is a little girl. _____ mother is a nurse. 12. We are in _____ classroom. _____ classroom is big. 13. My father and mother are teachers. _____ are busy 14. You are a pupil. Is _____ brother a pupil, too? 四、用括号中的适当形式填空 A)（1）Are these ________（you）pencils? Yes, they are ________（our）. （2）—Whose is this pencil?—It’s ____（I）. （3）I love ________（they）very much. （4）She is________（I）classmate. （5）Miss Li often looks after____（she）brother. （6）—Are these ________（they）bags ？ —No, they aren’t ________（their）. They are ________（we）. B) 1. This bike is my sister`s. It belongs to ______ (她的)。 2. This isn`t my book. _______(我的) is in the bag. 3. They quarrelled among __________（他们）. 4.You and I understand _________( 彼 此 ) perfectly. 5. If there are ___(一些） new magazines in the library, take some for me. 五、根据句意用适当的人称代词、物主代词填 空： 1. Mary works in a book store. likes work very much. 2.John and I are in the same school. go to school together. 3. Everybody likes that sport, do ? 4. She is a friend of . We got to know each other two years ago. 5. Her sister makes all own dresses. 6. I have many friends. Some of are good at English. 7. May I use bike? is broken. 8. Everybody is here except Ann and ________ friend Jane. ________ are in the library now. 六、选择填空 1.Who’s singing over there ? — ___ is Sandy’s sister. A. That B. It C. She D. This 2._____will spend the summer holiday in Hawaii. A. She, you and I B. You, she and I C. I, you and she D. Her, me and you 3. Between you and ____, he is not a real friend. A. me B. I C. he D. his 4． My uncle bought a new bike for ____. A. theirs B. they C. me D. I 5.Mr Smith often praises _____for his progress in studies. A. he B. him C. I D. me 6. Here’s a postcard for you, Jim! — Oh, ____ is from my friend, Mary. A. he B. it C. she D. it’s 7.Don’t shake the young tree. ____leaves are falling off. You should look after ___. A. It, it’s B. It’s, it C. Its, it D. It, it 8. Little Baby knows that he should not take the things that do not belong to ________. A. he B. his C. her D. him 9. Will anyone go on a trip with him ? — Not ___. A. I B. me C. mine D. he 10. Among those lovely toys, the brown toy dog was given by _____. A. he B. his C. him D. he’s 第三： 名词的相关知识 名词：1. 含义名词表示人或事物的名称或抽象 概念 2. 分类 1）名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词。 专有名词 人名：Gina, Lin Wei, Mr. Bush etc. 地名：Chongqing, China, America etc. 节日： Christmas 圣诞节, Teachers’ Day 教师节 时间：Sunday, September etc. 机构，团体等：CCTV, WTO etc. 个体名词：strawberry, baseball, drum etc.(指具 体的东西 ) 集体名词：class, family, people, police（警察局） etc. 普通名词 物质名词：water（水）, meat（肉）, etc. 抽象名词：work（工作）, etc. 2）．高分突破： 一，专有名词前一般不加冠词。 如：the China (×) 二，带有冠词的专有名词： ①由普通名词或形容词构成的专有名词前。 例如： the Great Wall 长城 the Summer Palace 颐和园 ②由“普通名词+专有名词”或“专有名词+ 普通名词” 构成的专有名词前。 例如： the New York Times 纽约时报 ③表示全体国民的专有名词前。 例如： the Chinese 中国人 ④表示“一家人”或“夫妇”的专有名词前。 例如： the Greens 格林一家人 ⑤报刊、书籍、杂志的专有名词前。 例如： the Times 时报 ⑥团体机关、学校、医院、公共建筑的名称前。 例如：the United Nations 联合国 ⑦江湖、海洋、山脉等名字的专有名词前。例 如： the Yellow River 黄河 可数名词：可以用 数目计算，有单复数之分。 例如： documentary, tomato etc. 3）按名词的可数性 不可数名词：不可用数目计算，只有单数形式。 例如：rice, broccoli, beef（牛肉） etc. 单数名词：指单个的可数物体。 4）可数名词 例如： a runner，an orange ect 复数名词：指两个或以上的可数物体。 例如： some watches, three uncles etc. 3. 名词的数 1) 可数名词的复数形式 构成法 读音 例词 一般情况在单数形式词尾加-s -s 在清辅音后发／s／book--- books -s 在浊辅音和元音后发／z／egg – eggs 以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的词后加-es 读 作 ／ iz ／ bus – buses box – boxes watch – watches 以 e 结尾的词在后加-s 读作／iz／ horse – horses 马 以辅音字母＋y 结尾的词变 y 为 i 再加-es 读作 ／z／ dictionary-dictionaries documentary-documentaries 以元音字母＋y 结尾的词直接在后加-s 读作 ／z／ boy – boyskey – keys 以 f, fe 结尾的词变 f, fe 为 v 加-es 读作／vz／ leaf – leaves 树叶 wife – wives 妻子 thief – thieves 贼 以 o 结尾的词在后加-es，读作／z／ tomato –tomatoes 高分突破： ① 以 y 结尾的专有名词，变复数时直接加-s。 如：the little Marys 小玛丽们 ② 以下以 f, fe 结尾的名词变为复数时，直接 加-s。 roof – roofs (房顶) chief – chiefs (厨师) safe – safes (保险箱) ③ 以下以 o 结尾的外来词，变为复数时直接加 -s。 zoo –zoos 动物园 radio – radios 收音机 photo-photos 照 片 piano – pianos 钢 琴 kilo – kilos 千克 video – videos 录象带 2) 名词复数的不规则变化： ①sheep –sheep 羊 deer – deer 鹿 fish – fish 鱼 Chinese--Chinese 中 国 人 Japanese – Japanese 日本人 ②man –men 男人 woman – women 妇女 foot – feet 足 tooth – teeth 牙 ③child – children 孩子 mouse – mice 老鼠 3) 复合名词的复数形式 man teacher（男老师）—men teachers woman doctor（女医生）—women doctors 4) 只有复数形式的名词 glasses（眼镜）, thanks （感谢）clothes（衣服） 5）高分突破：一些表示量的复数名词在使用时 表示单数含义，则谓语用单数。 例如： Two years isn’t a long time to us. 两年的时间对我们来说不长。 4．名词的格 1） -’s 所有格形式的构成 ①大多数单数名词后加 's 构成所有格形式。 例如 Sally’s address 莎莉的地址 my cousin’s desk 我表弟的课桌 ② 以 s 结尾的名词（特别是名词复数），在 s 后加 ' 例如 the teachers' office 老师的办公室 three hours’class 三小时的课 ③ 两个或两个以上名词表示共有关系，在最 后一个名词后加“-'s”。 例如：Mary and Linda's desk 玛丽和琳达的课桌 (√) Mary's and Linda's desk 玛丽和琳达的课桌 (×) ④如果两个或两个以上名词表示分别的拥有 关系，则在每个词后分别加 'S。 例如：Mary's and Linda's birthdays 玛丽的生日和琳达的生日 2）以 of 加名词组成 of 属格 例如：the color of the sweater 毛衣的颜色 the name of the movie 电影的名字 3）在以下情况中，只能用 of 与 's 构成双重 所有格 ①所有格所修饰的名词前面有一个数量词 或一个指示代词 that 时，要用双重所有格（数 量词包括 a，two，some，no，any，few 等）。 例如：an aunt of Mary's（=one of Mary's aunts） 玛丽的一个阿姨 some photos of my mother’s 我母亲的一些照片 that son of Mr. Smith's 史密斯先生的那个儿子 that smile of the boy's 那个孩子的微笑 4）名词所有格的省略式 ① 当名词所有格所修饰的名词在前面已 出现过，为避免重复，往往省略。 例如： I need your trumpet, not Bill's. 我需要你的喇叭，不是比尔的（喇叭）。 ② 当被所有格修饰的名词表示店铺、教堂 或某人的家时，这一名词省略。 例如：They do homework at Tom's. 他们在汤姆家里做家庭作业。 5)高分突破：(1) 不以 s 结尾的复数名词所有格 的构成形式与单数名词的相同。 例如：the children's movie 孩子们的电影 the Women's Day 妇女节 (2) “－'s”与“of”两种所有格的区别。 ① “-'s”多用于表示有生命的名词，或表示与 人类有关的时间、地点、机构。 例如：Tom's books 汤姆的书 today's newspaper 今天的报纸 ② “of”所有格主要表示无生命的东西。 例如：the price of the pants 裤子的价格 ③ 表示类别或属性时，只能用“－'s”所有格 形式。 例如 a women's college 女子学院 children's books 儿童读物 ④ 所有格名词后面有定语（如分词短语或介词 短语等），用“of”所有格形式。 例如：It is the violin of the boy in black．这是那 个黑衣男生的小提琴。 He is a student of the Fifth Middle School in Xi'an．他是西安第五中学的学生。 ⑤ 当所有格中的名词是以定冠词加形容词的 形式出现时，只用 of 所有格形式例如：the clothes of the old 老年人的衣服 the books of the young 年轻人的书 5 名词用法 1）作主语。 例如：The show is very boring. 这个节目很无聊。 2）作表语 例如：My brother is a student.我弟弟是个学生。 3）作宾语 例如：He studies English.他学习英语。 4）作定语 例如：pen pal 笔友 apple tree 苹果树 5）作同位语 例如：Mr. Smith, the movie star is speaking now. 电影明星史密斯先生正在讲话。 We students should study hard. 我们学生应该努力学习。 注意： ①当一个名词作定语说明另一个名词时，这个 名词一般用单数。 eg. an apple tree，five apple trees， a girl friend，two girl friends，a twin sister 但是，当 man 和 woman 作定语修饰复数名词 时，就要用其复数形式。 eg.two men teachers，three women doctors ②可用“量词+of+名词复数”这一结构 表示可数名词的数量。 eg.a room of students，two boxes of pencils 2.不可数名词一般没有复数形式，它的“量” 的表示方式如下。 （1）表不定数量时，一般用 much，（a）little， a lot of／lots of，some，any 等词修饰。 eg，much money，a little bread （2）表确定数量时，一般用“数词+量词+of+ 不可数名词。如：two／three／…+量词复数 十 of+不可数名词。 eg.a bag of rice，two glasses of milk，four bottles of water 3.有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数名 词，但词义有所不同。 eg：fruit 水果——fruits 表示不同种类的水果； food 食物——foods 各种食品；fish 鱼—— fishes 鱼的种类；drink 饮料、酒——a drink 一杯／一份饮料、一杯酒；cloth 布——，a cloth 桌布、抹布；sand 沙——sands 沙滩； tea 茶 ——a tea 一杯茶；chicken 鸡肉——a chicken 小鸡；orange 橘汁——an orange 橘子； glass 玻璃——a glass of 玻璃杯，glasses 眼镜； paper 纸——a paper 试卷、论文；wood 木头 ——a wood 小森林；room 空间、余地——a room 房间 本册已经学过的不可数名词有：broccoli, food, dessert, orange, fruit, soccer, tennis, breakfast, lunch, dinner, help, opera, work, homework, time ice-cream, salad, chicken(既可作可数名 词，又可作不可数名词) 名词的所有格： 名词的所有格（表示人或物的所属关系） （1）有生命的名词所有格以及表示时间、距 离、城镇、国家等的名词所有格。 ①不是以 s 结尾的名词变成所有格时，在词 尾加’s. eg.Mike’s watch；Women’s Day ②以 s 结尾的名词变成所有格时，只加’。 eg.teachers’office，students’rooms ③两个或两个以上名词并列，表示共同所有， 只需在最后一个名词后加’s. eg.Tom and Mike’s room 汤姆和迈克的房间 （表示汤姆和迈克共有一间房） ④两个或两个以上名词并列，表示分别所有， 需在几个名词后都加’s. eg.Mary’s and Jenny’s bikes 玛丽和詹妮的自 行车（表示玛丽和詹妮各自的自行车） （2）无生命的事物的名词所有格常用 of 结构 eg.a map of China，the beginning of this game， the door of the room （3）特殊形式 ①可用’s 和 of 短语表示的名词所有格 eg.the boy’s name=the name of the boy（男孩 的名字） the dog’s legs=the legs of the dog（狗的腿） China’s population=the population of China（中 国的人口）China’s capital=the capital of China （中国的首都） ②双重所有格 eg.a fiend of my mother’s 我妈妈的一个朋友 a picture of Tom’s 汤姆的一张图片 （练习） 1. 写出下列词的复数形式。 baby_______case_______knife_______photo___ ____ Chinese_________hamburger___________ potato_______key______watch_______name___ ____ strawberry_________ tomato__________ dollar________orange__________people______ documentary____________ boy__________ piano_______ child_________ man_______ this______ that_______I _______ she_________ you_______bus_______wish_______ Japanese___________ am_________ 2.翻译短语 五 门 学 科 ________________________ 三部电影_______________________ 一 些 动 作 片 ___________________________ 许多手表_________________________ 一 点 食 品 ________________________ 一点蔬菜________________________ 许 多 冰 激 凌 ________________________ 三块鸡肉___________________________ 一 些 工 作 _________________________ 许多作业___________________________ 四辆公共汽车________________________ 3.选择填空 1、There on the wall . They are very beautiful. A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. is photos 2.This kind of car made in Shanghai. A. is B .are C .were D .has 3.There are four and two in the group. A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese, German C.Japanese, Germans 4. That’s art book. A. an B. a C. the D are 5. The boys have got already. A. two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread 6. The old man wants . A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples 7. There some in the river. A. is ,fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are ,fish 8. There two in the box. A. is watch B. are watches C. are watch D. is watches 9. We should clean twice a day. A .our tooth B. our tooths C.teeth D.our teeth 10.The _____ meeting room is near the reading room. A .teacher B.teacher’s C.teachers’ D.teachers 11. In Britain _____ are all painted red. A.letter boxes B.letters boxes C.letter box D.letters box 4.把下列句子变成复数句。 1.This is my friend. ________________________________________ 2. This is a bike. ________________________________________ 3.That is her brother. ________________________________________ 4.This is a book. ________________________________________ 5.That is an eraser. ________________________________________ 6.It is a red orange. ________________________________________ 7.He is a teacher. ________________________________________ 8. What’s this? ________________________________________ 9.This is my mother. ________________________________________ 10.I am a student. ________________________________________ 11.A photo is on the wall. ________________________________________ 12.You are a Chinese. ________________________________________ 第四 一般现在时态的用法 一、一般现在时： 定义：一般现在时表示①、现在的状态。②、 经常或习惯性动作。③、主语所具备的性格和 能力。④、真理。 1、 标志： often（经常）,usually, sometimes（有时）,always （总是）,never（从不）,on Sundays（在星期 天）,every day/month/year（每一天/月/年） 2、结构： A: 主语+连系动词 be(am/is/are)+名词/形容词/ 数词/介词短语/副词等做表语表状态（包括 There be +n.） 做如下练习： ①.I______(be) a student. My name_______(be) Tom.我是一位学生，我的名字叫汤姆。 ②Where ______(be) my shoes? They_____(be) under the bed.我的鞋在哪里？他们在床下。 ③Who ______(be) the girl in red? I think she _____(be) Kate.穿红衣服的女孩是谁？我认为 她是凯特。 ④ You and I _____________(not be) in Class Six.你和我不在六班。 ⑤_______(be) there an apple on the table? Yes, there____(be).桌上有一个苹果吗？是的，有。 ⑥ ________ her parent tall? No, he__ _____ _. 他的父亲高吗？不，他不高。 B: 主语（非第三人称单如:I,we,they,you,Tom and Bob）+行为动词原形+其他 （用助动词 do 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句 和特殊疑问） C: 主语（第三人称单数,如：he,she,it,Tom） +行为动词的第三人称单数+其他 (用助动词 does 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问 句和特殊疑问句） 行为动词第三人称单数加-s 的形式： 1.- s 2. 辅音+y: study-studies 3.以 s,x,ch,sh 结尾 watch-watches teach-teaches 4 特殊 have-has do-does go-goes 注意： 1）．情态动词 can： 1、任何主语+can+动词原形 2、主语+ can’t+动词原形 3、Can+ 主语+ 动词原形？ 4、疑问词+can+主语+动词原形？ I can play the guitar. She can play the guitar. They can play the guitar.Can he play the guitar? She plays the guitar. 当无 can 时在主语是第 三人称单数时谓语要加 S。 2） 非谓语动词（是固定搭配） 1. like+ to do 喜欢去干 如：我喜欢和你一起 吃午饭。I like to have lunch with you. like+doing 喜欢干（活动为 ing 动名词形式） 如：我喜欢游泳。I like swimming. 2.want to do sth. 想去干某事 如：我想去看喜剧片。 I want to see a comedy . 3. love to do 乐意去干， 如：我爱学习英语 I love to study English. 4. thanks for doing 为…而感谢 如：谢谢回答问题 Thanks for answering the Question. 5. let sb. do sth. 让某人去干某事如： 让他去打扫寝室。Let him clean the bedroom. 练习： She wants _____(have) a party. Does he like _______(swim)? Thanks for _______(help) me. 1. 祈使句： 意义：发出命令或邀请的语气的句子。 如：Spell it ,please.请拼写它。Let’s read English. 让我们读英语吧。Stand up,please.请起立。 2. 综合练习： 1）根据（）里所给词的正确形式填空。 1.Mr Green _____(be) a teacher. 2.What time ____ your brother usually _____(do) his homework? 3.You can_______(play)after class. 4. Who ____(have) a ruler? 4. Jack ____(have) a soccer ball, but he ____(not have) a basketball. 5._______Jim _______(like)______(run)? 6. He wants ________ (have) ice cream. 2）．句子翻译。 1、We __________________ at six every day. 我们每天 6 点起床。 2、What ___he usually ___ in the evening? He usually______. 他晚上常看电视 1.含 be 动词的一般现在时 口诀：I 用 am , you 用 are ,is 连着他（he）她 （she）它（it）。单数统统用 is，复数一律都用 are. 变疑问，往前提，句末问好莫丢弃，变否 定，更容易，be 后 not 莫忘记，疑问否定任你 变，句首大写莫迟疑。 Be 动词要根据句中的主语的人称和数而变 化。它有三种形式：am, is ,are. 练习见语法第 一点。 如：I am a teacher. My brother is at school. Lucy and Lily are in Class One,Grade Two. 2. 实义动词的一般现在时 一个动作经常反复地发生，就用一般现在时。 第三人称单数（he, she, it,Tom 和单数名词等） 作主语时，谓语动词要加“s”或“es”，这种 动词形式简称为动词的单三形式。记住：单三 人称单三动，其他人称用原形。如： They get up at six o’clock. He goes to school at seven thirty. 动词第三人称单数的构成规则： a.一般情况下在动词词尾加 s 如： get----gets like----likes play—plays， want—wants， work—works，know—knows， help—helps，get—gets b. 以字母 s、x、ch 或 o 结尾的动词加-es；如： guess—guesses， fix—fixes， teach—teaches， brush—brushes， go—goes，do—does， watch—watches，catch—catches c. 以辅音字母＋y 结尾的动词，先变 y 为 i， 再加-es。如：study—studies，carry—carries， fly—flies, worry—worries ( 特殊词： have----has ) 3.情态动词 can 情态动词（can, may, must）后动词用原形。如： I can play the guitar. He can play the violin. She can swim. 4.几个动词的用法 a.let 后用动词原形 Let’s play soccer. b.Like 后加动词不定式,即 like to do 表示具体 的，一次性的爱好，偶尔喜欢做。 例如：I like to swim. like doing sth 表示一贯的爱好，是习惯性的动 作。例如：I like swimming. c.want 加 to 再加动词原形（即动词不定式） want to do sth =would like to do sth 例如： I want to be a doctor. d.Help +人+动词原形 help+人+with sth/doing sth 一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. He often (have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy (be) in Class One. 3. We (not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick (not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. they (like) the World Cup? 6. What they often (do) on Saturdays? 7. your parents (read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl (teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I (take) a walk together every evening. 10. There (be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike (like) cooking. 12. They (have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt (look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always (do) your homework well. 15. I (be) ill. I’m staying in bed. 16. She (go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao (do) not like PE. 18. The child often (watch) TV in the evening. 19. SuHai and SuYang (have) eight lessons this term. 20. －What day (be) it today? － It’s Saturday. 二、按照要求改写句子 1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定 句) 2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问 句，作否定回答) 3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回 答) 4. Amy likes playing computer games. (改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) 5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句) 6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句) 7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提 问) 8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问) 9. She is a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作 否定回答) 10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为 否定句) 三、翻译 5.我每天六点钟起床。 I ______ _____ _______ six every morning. 6.我在周末爬山。 I _______ __________ _______ the weekend. 7.小明经常去远足。 Xiao Ming _________ ________ hiking. 8.她总是在星期天看望爷爷奶奶。 She _______ __________ her grandparents on Sundays. 9.你几点上学？ When ________ you go to school? 10. 他什么时候去上班？ When ________ he go to _________? 11 .李云喜欢秋天，不喜欢冬天。 Li Yun _________ autumn, but he _________ like winter. 12. 你最喜欢哪一个季节？ Which ________ season _______you like best? 13.他喜欢在湖里游泳，但不喜欢在河边钓鱼。 He ________ _________ swim in the lake, but he ________ like _________ go fishing at the river. 14.你为什么不喜欢夏天？ Why _________ you like summer? 15.我最喜欢春天。 I __________ __________ __________. 16.今天的天气怎么样？ What’s the _________ like _________? 17.你的生日是什么时候？ _________ is your __________? 18.我的生日在十一月。 My _________ is __________ ____________. 19.Bill 叔叔的生日在 7 月 3 日。 __________ _________ birthday is _______ ___________ ______ ________. 20.奶奶的生日在 6 月吗？ ________ __________ birthday in __________? 21.她有电脑吗？ ___________ she __________ a computer? 22.今天多少号？ ____________ the ___________ __________? 23 今天是 5 月 12 日。 ___________May the _____________________. 综合练习 I．用动词的适当形式填空 1.She ________ (go) to school at eight o’clock. 2.He usually ___________ up at 17:00.(get ) 3.She ___________ (live) in Beijing. 4._______ (be)there a fly (苍蝇) on the table? II.选择填空 1．I want____homework now. (A)doing (B)to do (C)to do my (D)do my 2．It's time______. (A)go to school (B)play games (C)to go home (D)to do my homeworks 3．____you ____the blackboard? Yes,I can. (A)Can, clean (B)Am, cleaning (C)Are, cleaning (D)Do, clean 4．______go and help her. (A)Let's me (B)Let's us (C)Let's (D)Let's to 5．Do they have a new car? Yes,_____. (A)they are(B)theyhave(C)they don't (D)they do 6．He often _____supper at 6:00 in the evening. A. have B. has c. is having D. is eating 8. It’s 6 o’clock in the morning. It’s time ___. A. get up B. gets up C. to get up D. gets up 9. We ____ any Chinese classes on Friday. A. are having B. aren’t having C. don’t have D. are have 11. Tom _______ an English class today. A. is having B. has C. having D. have 12. Are you playing basketball? No, we ______. A. isn’t B. aren’t C. not D. don’t 13. Where _________ he _____ from? A. is, come B. do, come C. does, come D. is , from 14. What language do you __________ ? A. say B. speak C. talk D. tell III.按要求改写下列句子: 1.Weare in the same grade.( 改 为 否 定 句)_______________________ 2.I can borrow those books from our school.(改 为否定句)_______________________ 3.They have nice kites.( 改 为 否 定 句)_______________________ 4.Open the door, please.( 改 为 否 定 句)_______________________ 5.There are some apples on the trees.(主语改成 单数,重写句子)_______________________ 6.We have many friends in China.(主语改成单 数,重写句子)_______________________ 7.Kate helps her mother with housework.(改成 一般疑问句)_______________________ 8.They can stay at home for two days .(改成一般疑问句) _______________________________________ 9. She takes a shower at five o’clock. (划线部 分提问) _______ ______she _____at five o’clock? 10.I want to sleep a little longer because（因为） I’m tired. (划线部分提问) ________ _______ ________ want to sleep a little longer? 第四 七年级介词短语的用法 介词短语，又称为介宾短语，由“介词+宾语” 构成， 一.表示时间日期的介词 1.at 主要表示时间点 表示特定的时间 at night a.m. 在九点钟 at ten past five 在五点十分 表示不确定的时间 at night, at that time, at Christmas 在圣诞期间 表示年龄段 at the age of eight 在 8 岁 2.in 主要表示时间段 一般指相对较长的时间段里 in the morning, in spring, in the past ten years 在…时间之后，用于将来时 He will be back in a month. 3.on 主要指具体某一天 表示是具体的日期和星期 on Monday, on October 1st,1949. on my birthday 某一天特定的上午下午或半夜 on the night of December 31,1999. on a fine day 在第几天 on her first day to school, on the tenth day I was in Beijing. 4.during 表示一段时间 在…期间内，强调在 此期间内发生了什么事 I studied in this university for 4 years, during that time most of my time was spent in learning English. 可接表示时间延续一段时间的名词 during my visit to China, during my holiday 5.for 表示一段时间 表示一件事延续的长短, 一般接具体的时间 I have lived in Nanjing for 2 years. 6.from 与 to, till 连用 Most people work from nine to five. 多数人过着朝九晚五的生活 7.since，since+时间点 从那一刻起，与现在完 成与过去完成时连用 He has been here since last Sunday. 自从上星期天起，她就在这里 二.表示地点，方位的介词 1.at, in in 一般表示较大的地方 at 表示较小 的地方 at home, at school, at the bus stop, at the doctor's in a country, in a town, in the street, 2.on ,over 表示在…之上 on 表示两事物表面接触 Put away the books on the desk. 把桌上的书收好 over 除了要接触，还有覆盖之义，over 表示 正上方 There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥 3.under 表 示 在 … 下 方 I put the money under the bed. 我把钱放在床底下 三.表示方式，手段的介词 1. by 接交通工具 by boat（乘船）by car, by train, by bus 2. with 表示用具体的工具做某事。 With 接单数可数名词时，需要带冠词 I killed a fly with a flyflap. 我用苍蝇拍打死了一只苍蝇 3.in 表示以某种方式做某事 write in pen, 用钢笔写 speak in a low voice 小声说话 四.for 常见用法： 1. 表示“当作、作为”。如: I like some bread and milk for breakfast. 我 喜欢把面包和牛奶作为早餐。 What will we have for supper? 我们晚餐吃 什么? 2. 表示理由或原因,意为“因为、由于”。如: Thank you for helping me with my English. 谢谢你帮我学习英语。 Thank you for your last letter. 谢谢你上次 的来信。 Thank you for teaching us so well. 感谢你 如此尽心地教我们。 3. 表示动作的对象或接受者,意为“给……”、 “对…… (而言)”。如: Let me pick it up for you. 让我为你捡起来 Watching TV too much is bad for your health. 看电视太多有害于你的健康。 4. 表示时间、距离,意为“计、达”。如: I usually do the running for an hour in the morning. 我早晨通常跑步一小时。 We will stay there for two days. 我们将在 那里逗留两天。 5. 表示去向、目的,意为“向、往、取、买” 等。如: Let’s go for a walk. 我们出去散步吧。 I came here for my schoolbag. 我来这儿取书包。 I paid twenty yuan for the dictionary. 我花了 20 元买这本词典。 6. 表示所属关系或用途,意为“为、适于…… 的”。如: It’s time for school. 到上学的时间了。 Here is a letter for you. 这儿有你的一封信。 第五 句型复习 句型结构 1. 肯定句：主语+be(am, is, are)+… 主语+can+动词原形+ 主语+ 行为动词原形/单三形式 +其他… 2. 否定句：主语+be(am, is,are)+not+… 主语+can’t(can not) +动词原形+… 主语+don’t +动词原形+…主语+ doesn’t +动词原形+… 3.一般疑问句 a.Be(Am/Is/Are)+主语+…？ Yes,主语+be No,主语+be not. b. Can+主语+动词原形+…？ Yes,主语+can. No,主语+can’t. c.Do/Does+主语+动词原形+… Yes，主语+do/does. No,主语+don’t/doesn’t. 4.特殊疑问句 a.疑问词+be+主语+…？ b.疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+…？ c.疑问词+do/does\did+主语+动词原形+…？ d.疑问词：who/how/how old/how much/where/ when/why/what/which/ what kind of/ what time/what color/what subject 5.There be 句型 There be 句型 (1)There be 句型主要用以表达“某处（某时） 有某人（某物）。”其基本结构为“There be＋某 物（某人）＋某地（某时）”其中 there 是引导 词，没有词义；主语是 be 后面的名词， be 是 谓语动词，在一般现在时中 be 只用 is 和 are 两 种形式。下面这首歌诀可帮你巧记 there be 句 型结构： There be 放句首，主语跟在后。地、时放句末， 强调置前头。如：There is a book on the desk. 有时为了强调地点，也可把介词短语放在句首。 如：On the desk there is a book. (2)There be句型中的be动词如何确定呢？请先 看看下面这首歌诀： Be 动词，有三个，am，is 还有 are。“There be” 真特别，不留 am 只留俩，那就是 is 还有 are。 要用 is 还是 are，须看其后的名词是单数还是 复数。若是单数或不可数名词用 is，否则就用 are。如： 1 There is an eraser in the drawer. 抽屉里有一块橡皮擦。 ②There is some water（水）in the bottle（瓶子）. ③There are some pears in the case. 盒子里有些梨子。 (3)注意：如果“be”后的主语是由 and 连接 的两个或两个以上的名词，那么 be 的形式要 遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说，“be” 的形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。 若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用 is，是复 数就用 are。如： ①There is a book and some pens on the floor .有一本书和几支钢笔在地板上。 ②There are some pens and a book on the floor. 有几支钢笔和一本书在地板上。 There be 表示的概念是“有”，是一种存在的 关系，即“某地有某物”。There 是引导词， be 是谓语动词（am, is , are），后面就是名词， 也就是句子的主语。 There be 句型的肯定式： There is +可数名词的单数或不可数名词+地 点。 There are +名词复数+地点。 否定式： There is+not +可数名词的单数或不可数名词 +地点。 There are+not +名词复数+地点。 一般疑问句形式： Is there +可数名词的单数或不可数名词+地点 Are there +名词复数+地点+? 练习：一 写出下列动词的三单形式。 Take________ Be________ Like________ Play________ Swim_______ Run________ Do________ Go________ Watch_______ wish________ think________ eat________ have________ want________ study______ help________ learn________ teach________ 二 将下列句子改为一般疑问句，并作肯定和否 定回答。 1.My name’s Bob. ________________________________________ 2.I’m his uncle. ________________________________________ 3.Our shirts are too long. ________________________________________ 4.My friend gets up at five o’clock. ________________________________________ 5.Lucy and Lily like sports. ________________________________________ 6.Jerry’s teacher can play chess. ________________________________________ 7.Alica is my aunt. ________________________________________ 8.She wants to see Beijing Opera. ________________________________________ 三 划出下列每句中正确的词。 1.(Is/Are) his eraser on the sofa? 2.(Where/What) are your baseball? 3.(Do/Does)Mary have a clock? 4.(Are/Do) they want to see a movie? 5.(Is/Can)she play the violin? 6.I (don’t/doesn’t)like hamburgers. 7.Why does Alice(likes/like)music? 8.Who (am/is) your father? 9.(What/What’s) her favorite subject? 10.How much (are/is) her socks? 四 句型转换：对划线部分提问 1.Peter is 12 years old. _______________________________________ 2.This is an English book. _______________________________________ 3.The backpacks are black. _______________________________________ 4.Scott likes history. _______________________________________ 5.They have vegetables for lunch. ___________________________________ 6.She can play chess and sing. _______________________________________ 7.It’s nine o’clock. _______________________________________ 8.We go to bed at ten o’clock. _______________________________________ 9.His shoes are under the table. _______________________________________ 10.Her basketball is 5 dollars. _______________________________________ 11.Dave’s favorite food is ice cream. _____________________________________ 12.He likes documentaries. ____________________________________ 13.My birthday is October 1st. ____________________________________ 14.They are fine. ____________________________________ 15.Nick wants to join the swimming club. ____________________________________ 16.Rick Smith is my favorite actor. ____________________________________ 17.Her favorite subject is science. ____________________________________ 18.Mike and Jack like math because it’s interesting. ____________________________________ 19.My mother’s favorite color is blue. ____________________________________ 20.We go to school in the morning. ____________________________________ 21.It’s December 30th today. ____________________________________ 五 根据答语或问句，补全对话。 1.A：______________________________ B:His telephone number is 8563-0770. 2. A:What’s your family name? B: _____________________________ 3. A: _____________________________ B:My first name is Tom. 4. A: _____________________________ B: It's a pen. 6.A: _____________________________ B: C---O---A---T,coat. 7. A: _____________________________ B: Yes, she is my sister. 8. A: Where's my backpack? B: _____________________________ 9. A: _____________________________ B: My books are on the sofa. 10. A: _____________________________ B: Yes, I do. I have a basketball. 11. A: What does Kate like for lunch? B: _____________________________ 12. A: _____________________________ B: I usually go to school at 7:15. 13. A: _____________________________ B: It's ten dollars. 14. A: _____________________________ B:He can sing and dance. 15. A: How much are these socks? B: _____________________________ 16. A: _____________________________ B: Yes,Jenny’s favorite teacher is Mr. Blake. 17. A：Can you speak Chinese? B: _____________________________ 18. A: How old is John? B: _____________________________ 19. A: _____________________________ B: He watches TV after dinner. 20. A: _____________________________ B: My birthday is November 11th. 21. A: _____________________________ B: No, I don't want to go to movies. 22. A: _____________________________ B: I like action movies and thrillers, but I don't like documentaries. 23. A: What club do you want to join? B: _____________________________