英语笔记
1. end ① n 终点,末端 ② v 终止,结束
③ 短语:
at the end of … 在……的终点处,末端
in the end 最终
by the end of … 截止……
end up doing 以做某事告终
end up with 以某事告终
2. use ①n 用途,使用 ② v 使用
③词性变化 adj useful 有用的
useless 无用的
used 二手的,用过的
④短语
make use of … 使用,利用……
it’s no use doing sth. 做某事没用
used to do 过去常做某事
used to be 过去是…
be used to sb./sth./ doing sth.=get used to sb. /sth. 习惯于(人、物、事)
be used to do =be used for doing 被用来做……
use up 用完,用尽
3. spend v 花费 过去式、过去分词都是 spent
①主语是人 ②搭配 spend …on sth. 在某事上花
spend … in doing
同义词:pay -paid 主语是人 pay (money) for sth. 在某事上花多少钱
pay a visit to spl. 参观某地
cost -cost 主语是物 sth. cost sb. …
buy -bought 主语是人 buy sth. for money
take -took -taken 主语是人 sth. take + 人+时间、金钱+ to do sth.
4. forget v. 忘记
forgetful adj. 健忘的
同义词区别:leave 接地点状语 forget 不接地点状语
forget to do sth. 忘记做某事(没做)
forget doing sth. 忘记做某事(已做)
5. please v. 取悦某人,让某人高兴
pleased adj. 高兴的,满意的
pleasant adj. 令人愉悦的
pleasure n. 愉快,高兴
be pleased with sb. 对某人满意
be pleased at sth. 对某事满意
be pleased to do sth.
with pleasure 非常愿意帮助
It’s my pleasure = my pleasure 不用谢
6. famous adj. 著名的
短语:be famous as=be known as 作为…而著名
be famous to 对于某人来说很著名
be famous for 因…而著名
7. visit v.兼 n. 参观
visitor n. 参观者
pay a visit to = visit spl. 拜访,访问
on a visit to 参观,游览
8. angry adj. 生气的
angrily adv. 生气地
anger n. 愤怒,生气
be angry at sth. 对某事生气
be angry with sb. 对某人生气
9. hear v. 听见(表结果)
listen 听(强调动作)
listen to 听
hear of 听说…
hear from 收到某人来信
hear sb.do sth. 听见某人做…
hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做…
be heard to do sth. 被听见做了某事
be heard doing sth. 被听见正在做某事
10. happy adj.高兴的
happily adv. 高兴地
happiness n.幸福,快乐
11. arrive v. 到达(不及物) 不及物动词不能直接接宾语
arrive at 到达… (小地点)
arrive in 到达… (大地点)
n. arrival
相关动词:reach 到达(及物) reach spl. 到达某地
get to spl. 到达某地
arrive 后可不加地点,reach、get to 后面必须接地点
到达某地,地点副词前面介词一律省略。
地点副词有:home abroad there here
12. miss v. 错过,失去,想念
adj. missing 丢失的 = lost
lose v. 失去 ①过去式 lost ②过去分词 lost ③adj. lost 迷路的,丢失的
13. remember v. 记住,记得
remember to do 记得要做什么
remember doing 记得做过什么
14. many 和 much
many +可数名词复数[cns] 很多的什么 = too many
many +比较级+可数名词复数[cns] …得多
much +不可数名词[un] = too much
much +比较级
much +比较级+不可数名词[un]
much too + 形容词或副词原级 太…
15. a few 和 few
①后面都加可数名词复数[cns] ②few 表否定 几乎没有
③a few 表肯定 一些
quite a few 相当多的
fewer 比较少 fewest 最少
16. a little 和 little
a little +可数名词单数[cn] 一个小的可爱的…
a little +不可数名词[un] 有点…
a little +形容词或副词的原级或比较级 有点…
little +可数名词复数[cns] 小的可爱的…
little +不可数名词[un] 几乎没有…
a little 和 not 连用 not a little = very much
little 表示少和 so 搭配 表示小和 such 搭配
17. a bit 和 a bit of
a bit +形或副原级、比较级
a bit of +不可数名词[un] = a little
not a bit 根本就不
18. a lot 和 a lot of
a lot + 形或副比较级 …得多
a lot 可以修饰实义动词作状语
a lot of = lots of 后面必须加名词(单数不可以)
19. no 和 not
not 用来否定动词
no 用来否定名词,位于名前,而且名前 0 冠词(没有冠词)
no = not a/an/any
no 表禁止
no doing 例:No smoking. 禁止吸烟。
20. enough
①enough 位于名前,形或副后
②enough 后用不定式 enough to do sth.
21. like v. 喜欢 prep. 向…一样 be like
like to do sth. 喜欢做某事(偶尔的)
like doing 喜欢做某事(习惯性的)
few like doing 想要做某事
would like to do sth. 想要做某事
How do you like…= what do you think of 你认为…怎么样
What’s sb. like. 某人长的是什么样
like sb. to do
22. seem 系动词 似乎,好像
seem + adj. 似乎…
seem to do 似乎做了某事
seem to be + adj. =seem + adj. 似乎…
句型:there seem to be 似乎有…
It seemed that … 似乎…
23. happen v. 发生,碰巧
用法:①happen 无被动 (无 be done)
②happen 表发生(碰巧发生)
take place 发生(必然);举行(可以有被动)
词组:happen to do 碰巧做某事
sth happen to sb. 某人碰巧发生某事
句型:there happen to be 碰巧有…
It happened that 碰巧…
24. speak、tell、talk 和 say
speak vt. 讲 (直接加语言) 例:speak English
发言
tell v. ①告诉②判断,区分③讲故事,讲
talk vi. 谈论,说话 可不加宾语
talk to 对…说
talk with 和…说
talk about 谈论…
say v.说,…上面写到(主语如卡片、说明书等)
say sth. in English
25. wide adj. 宽广的(形兼副)
widely adv. 广泛地
width n. 宽
long adj. 长的(形兼副)
length n. 长
deep adj. 深深的(形兼副)
deepth n. 深度,深
26. interest n.兴趣,爱好
interesting adj. 有兴趣的 interested adj. 感兴趣的
show interest in 在…展示出兴趣 be interested in 对…感兴趣
with interest 带有…兴趣 places of interested 名胜地方
27. rain n.&v. 雨,下雨
rainy adj. 多雨的
单独“雨”不可数,前面有形容词可数,如大雨
28. hope 和 wish
hope to do sth. 希望做某事
hopeful adj. 有希望的
hopeless adj. 没有希望的
hope + 从句
hope sb. to do 没有这种形式
wish v. 希望,祝愿 n. 以复数(pl.)出现 wishes
wish to do sth = hope to do
wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
wish sb. sth. 可以接双宾语 祝愿某人…
29. see 和 notice
主动:notice sb./sth. do sth. (不是在做)
notice sb./sth. doing 某人在做某事
被动:be noticed to do sth. 被注意到做什么
be noticed doing sth. 被注意到在做什么
30. busy adj. 繁忙的 busily adv business n. 生意
be on business 谈生意
be busy with sth. 忙于某事
be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
31. excite v. 使某人兴奋
excitement n. 刺激,兴奋
exciting adj. 令人兴奋的
excited adj. 感到兴奋的
be excited to do sth. 做某事很兴奋
be excited at/about sth. 对某事兴奋
32. beat v.打败 后面接人做宾语 -beat -beaten
win v. +奖品、奖项(不能加人) -won -won
33. answer v.回答 n. 答案
the answer to …的答案 = the key to
34. so 和 such
so + adj./adv. 形、副取决于前面的词性
so + adj. +冠词+ n = such +冠词+adj. +n
so + many +cns 如此多的…
so + much + un
so few + cns
so little + un 如此少的…
so 不能加比较级,不能直接加 n.,有 many/much/few/little 才能加 n.
so 可以代替上文的一件事或一句话
I think so. 否定 I don’t think so.
I’m afraid so. 否定 I’m afraid not.
I belive so. 否定 I belive not.
such +adj. +n(任意)
little 少 与 so 搭配 little 小的可爱的 与 such 搭配
35. too…to do 太…而不能
too + adj./adv. + to do
so + adj./adv. + that +从句
36. polite adj. 有礼貌的
politely adv. 有礼貌地
politeness n. 礼貌
37. advice 和 suggest
advice un. 建议 a piece of advice
advice sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
suggestion n. suggest doing 建议做…
38. cross/across/crossing
across prep.①表面穿过②在…对面,对过
cross v. 穿过
crossing n. 十字路口
39. help un.帮助 v.帮助
help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事
help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
help (to) do sth. 帮助
can’t help (to) do sth. 不能帮助做…
can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事
help oneself to 随便吃
40. join v. 加入
join sb. 加入某人成为其中一员
join party/league/army
join in 参加…活动
join 是瞬间动词,与一段时间连用,必须变成延续性动词 be in,
be a league member
take party in 积极参加活动
41.borrow 和 lend
borrow 往里借 lend 往外借
borrow sth. From
lend sth. To
都是瞬间动词,与一段时间连用,必须变成延续性动词,如 have, keep
42. prefer v. 更喜欢
prefer sth. to sth. 喜欢…胜过于…
prefer doing to doing 喜欢做…胜过于做…
prefer to do rather than do = would rather do than do =would do rather than do
宁愿做…而不愿做…
prefer to do sth. 更喜欢做…(偶尔的)
prefer doing 更喜欢做…(习惯性的)
43.send v.发送,派遣 -sent
send up 发射
send away 打发走,开除,赶走
send for 派人去叫,派人去请
send sb to do sth. 派某人做某事,打发某人做某事
44.find v. 发现,找到 -found
found v. 奠基,成立 -founded
find out 发现,查明,找出(真相等)
look for 寻找
find sb. doing sth. 发现某人在做某事
主+ find it +adj. +to do sth.
find sb +adj. = find sb. to be +adj. 发现某人如何
45. wonder v. 想知道 n. 奇迹,奇观
wonderful adj. 精彩的
wonderfully adv. 精彩地
46. make v. 制作,迫使(使,让)
be made of … 由… 做成(看得出来)
be made from… 由… 构成(看不出来)
be made in … 产于…地方,产于何地
be made up of … 由… 组成
be made by 由… 制作
be made into 被做成…
make sb. +adj. 使得某人如何
make sb. doing = let/have sb. do sth.
be made to do sth.
make up one’s mind to do sth. 下定决心做某事
let’s make it ①制定时间 ②做到成功
make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb.
47. hurry v.&n. 匆忙,赶快
hurriedly adv. 匆匆地
in a hurry
hurry up 快点
hurry off 匆匆离去
48. success n. 成功
successful adj. 成功的,successfully adv. 成功地,succeed v.
49. have v. 有,让
have sth. to do 有… 要…
have sb./sth. do sth. 让某人/某物做某事
have sb./sth. doing sth. ……在做…
have sth. done 让某物被…
have fun doing = have a great 做某事很开心
have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事上有难度
have nothing to do with sb. 和某人无关
50. surprise n. 惊奇 surprising adj. surprisingly adv.
to one’s surprise 令某人惊奇的是
51. beauty n. beautiful adj. beautifully adv.
52. noise un. 噪音 noisy adj. 吵闹的 noisily adv. 吵闹地
53. strict adj. 严格的
strict with sb. 对某人要求严格
be stricted to sth. 对某事…
54. pass v. 传递,经过,通过 past ① prep. 过… ②n.过去
pass sb. sth. 递给某人某物 = pass sth. to sb.
pass sth on to sb. 把某物递给某人
pass by 经过 past 走过
55. bad adj.坏的,糟糕的 badly adv. 比较级 worse 最高级 worst
be bad for
be bad to +人 对…不好
56. take v. 拿走,带走
take sb. to spl. 把某人带到某地
take sb. to do sth. 带某人去做某事
take sth. with sb. 某人随身携带某物
take turn to do sth. 轮流做某事
take sb. sometime to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事
57. wear 和 dress
wear -wore -worn 接穿或戴的东西
dress + 人 给谁穿衣服
dress oneself 给某人自己穿衣服
be dressed in …+衣服 穿… 衣服
dress up 打扮,穿着,盛装
get dressed 穿衣服
put on + 物 强调动作
have 表状态 不能用进行时
have sth. for sb.
58. own v. 拥有 adj. 自己的 owner n. 物主,主人
with my own eyes
59. show v. 显示,给某人看
be on show 在展览
show interest in 在…方面展示出兴趣
a dolphin show 海豚表演
show off 炫耀…
show sb. around spl. 带领某人参观某地
60. fly v. 飞行,放(风筝) flight n. 航班,飞行 flight to spl. 飞往某地
61. afraid adj. 害怕的
be afraid to do sth. 不敢做什么
be afraid of doing sth. 担心做…
I’m afraid not 恐怕不是这样
I’m afraid that 恐怕…
62. turn v. 翻,变得,成为(颜色)
turn up 调高 turn down 调低 turn on 打开 turn off 关掉
turn to … 翻到…页 turn back 转过身来
63. believe v. 相信 belief n. believe in sb./sth. 信任
64. fail v.失败 failure n. 失败
Fail to do sth. 没能够做… fail in the exam 不及格
65. sleep v. 睡觉 asleep adj. 入睡的,睡着的 sleepy adj. 困倦的
for sleep
66. close v. 关 adj. 亲密的,近的 closed adj. 关着的
be close to = next to 离…不远
67. open v. 打开 adj. 敞开的,开放的
68. clean v. 弄干净 adj. 干净的
69. luck n. 运气 lucky adj. 幸运的 luckily adv.
Goodluck with sth. 交好运
70. worth adj. 值得的
be well worth doing 非常值得做…
71. mind v.介意,小心
mind doing sth. 介意做某事
make up one’s mind to do sth. 下定决心做某事
72. sometimes 有时 some times 几次
sometime (未来或过去的)某个时候 some time 一段时间
73. clear adj.清楚的,清晰的 clearly adv. 清楚地,清晰地
74. health n. 健康 healthy adj. 健康的 healthily adv. 健康地
keep healthy = stay healthy 保持健康
75. late adj. 迟到的,晚的 lately adv. 进来,最近
later on 过后 be late for …迟到 twenty minutes later 晚 20 分钟
76. care n. 关心,仔细 careful adj.仔细的,小心的 carefully adv.
careless adj. 粗心的 carelessly adv. 粗心地
be careful with sth. 对…很小心
77. true adj. 真实的,真的 truly adv. truth n. 真理,真相
come truth 梦想成真
78. light n.灯,光 adj. 轻的,浅的
79. rest n. 休息,剩余
have a rest = take a rest 休息 the rest of …中剩余的
80. alone adj.&adv. 独自的,仅仅
lonely adj. 孤独的,寂寞的
this year alone feel lonely 感到孤独(寂寞)
81. strange adj. 奇怪的,陌生的 stranger n. 奇怪的人,陌生人
strangely adv. 奇怪地,陌生地
82. thank v.&n. 感谢 thankful 感恩的
many thanks 多谢 thanks to 多亏,由于…
thank sb. for sth.
83. popular adj. 受欢迎的,流行的,大众的
popular with 深受…的欢迎
84. work v.&n. 工作(不可数),作品(可数)
at work 在工作 work on 致力于…
85. need v.&n. 需要
情态后跟 v 原形 实义 need to do(主动) need to be done(被动)