2020年中考英语一轮复习宾语从句复习

中考英语宾语从句复习 一、什么是宾语从句 宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。 He can speak English . （这是简单句，不是宾语从句） （动词）（名词宾语） He says （that） he can speak English. （宾语从句） （动词） （句子宾语） He says（that）he can speak English. （主句） （从句） 二、宾语从句三要素 三、用法详解 1. 连接词（引导词）： 1) 由 that 引导陈述句意思的宾语从句。that 只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以 省略。 He says. He is a student. （合并为一句） → He says (that) he is a student. He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. 2) 由 if 或 whether 引导的宾 语从句，主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句。If 和 whether 在句中的意思是“是否”。 一般情况下，whether 和 if 可以替换。 He asks. Is he a student?（合并为一句） → He asks if he is a student. I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 注意：宾语从句中只能用 whether 不能用 if 的情况： ①在介词后面的宾语从句中不用 if 引导 Everything depends on whether we have enough money. ②宾语从句中有 or not 时不用 if 引导. I don’t know whether the movie star will come or not. ③和不定式连用作宾语时不用 if 引导. Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided. 3) 由连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which 和连接副词 when, where, why, how 引导的宾语从句。这些连 接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 He wants to know. When will she come back?（合并为一句） → He wants to know when she will come back. Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? He asked whose handwriting was the best. I don’t know why the train is late. 练习： 1. There are no words to describe_______ I miss my hometown. A. how much B. how many C. how soon D. how long 2. Lily doesn’t know ________ she and her friends can do to help the little boy ________ parents have left their hometown for making money. A. that; whose B. how; who C. what; who D. what; whose 3. He said _____ he would come back in a week. A. when B. what C. that D. why 4. Do you know _____I saw yesterday? It was my favorite star, Jackie! A. whom B. when C. where D. how 5. People in Yancheng are proud of ________ they have achieved in the past thirty years. A. how B. which C. what D. when 6. —Can you tell me ____ the prize, Tom? —Last year. A. when you got B. when did you get C. when will you get D. when you will get 7. They wonder________ robots will make humans lose their jobs or not A. that B. if C. whether D. even if 8. You can use English or Chinese ________ you travel in Singapore. A. whether B. whatever C. where D. if 9. I wonder ______ you would like to come to my birthday party. A. that B. if C. that if D. that whether 10. —Do you remember______ he came here? —Of course I do. His father drove him here. A. whether B. when C. how D. why 2. 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序：陈述句语序，即主语(S)+谓语(V)。 He asks, “Is he a student?”（陈述语序）→He asks if he is a student. Does he work hard? I wonder. →I wonder if/whether he works hard. When did he leave? I don’t know. →I don’t know when he left. 引导词+主语+谓语 I think (that) you will like this school soon. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? 练习： 1. I don’t know A. where she comes from. B. how old is she C. when was she born? D. who was he 2. --How soon will you start your journey? --I’m not sure. I haven’t decided ______. A. when shall I ask the boss for leave B. where I will go to spend the holiday C. whether I would go by train or by plane D. who could invite me to go 3. --Could you tell me ______? --This way, please. A. where are the special shoes B. where the special shoes are C. where will be the special shoes D. where would be the special shoes 4. -- Would you please tell me _______? --Yes. There’s a bank over there. A. when can I exchange money B. where can I exchange money C. when I can exchange money D. where I can exchange money 5. --Excuse me. Could you tell me _______? --Yes. There is a video shop next to the tall building. A. where can I buy some CDs B. where I can buy some CDs C. when can I buy some CDs D. when I can buy some CDs 6. --I wonder . --Shandong Province. A. when will Peng Liyuan come B. where Peng Liyuan is from C. where Peng Liyuan came from D. how Peng Liyuan will come 7. By reading the article, we know how ______ in our daily life. A. will we protect the earth B. we can reduce pollution C. should we save water D. we must recycle things 8. --Have you asked the policeman _______? --Yes. He told us to turn left onto Main Street. It’s on the right. A. if there is a bank near here B. how can we get to the nearest bank C. where can we find a bank D. when we can go to the nearest bank 9. No one knows what _______ in fifty years. A. will our life be like B. is our life like C. our life will be like D. our life is like 10. --Mr. Wang, can you tell me ? --www.shedu.net will help you. A. why I can get the latest news about education B. where can I search for the information about high schools C. where I can find out the exam scores D. why can I get the latest news about education 3. 宾语从句的时态： 1) 当主句的谓语动词为现在时态（并非只指一般现在时，也可以是现在完成时，现在进行时等现在时态） 时，从句的谓语动词用它所需要的任何一种时态。 he studies English every day. he is studying English now. he will study English tomorrow. He says (that) he has studied English for five years. he was studying English from 8 to 9 yesterday evening. he studied English five days ago. 2) 当主句的谓语动词为过去时态 (并非只指一般过去时，只要是过去的时态形式即可) 时，从句的谓语动词 必须用它所相对应的过去时形式。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。 he studied English every day. he was studying English now. he would study English tomorrow. He said (that) he had studied English for five years. he was studying English from 8 to 9 yesterday evening. he studied English five days ago. 注意：“could” 用于表委婉语气时，不是指过去时, 所以从句用 “can” 而不能用“could”。 Could you tell me when I can leave? 3) 当从句描述的是事实、真理或格言、谚语时，从句谓语动词的时态不受主句时态的限制，都用一般现在时。 He says（said）that the earth goes around the sun. He says（said）that it is better to give than to receive. 练习： 1. If you can’t find the place, I will show you _______. A. what it is B. what it was C. where it is D. where it was 主现从任意 主过从过去 真理永一现! 2. --Did the radio say ________? --Yes, from Hunan. A. how the bad rice came B. where the bad rice came from C. how did the bad rice come D. where did the bad rice come from 3. --Did Mrs. Brown leave a message? --Yes. She wanted to know this Sunday. A. that you will go shopping B. when will you go shopping with her C. if you would go shopping with her D. who you would go shopping 4. There’re too many clothes in the shop. I really can’t decide . A. which to buy coat B. to buy which coat C. which coat should I buy D. which coat to buy 5. — Could you please tell me ? — In three days. A. when will your course start B. when your course will start C. when your course started D. when did your course start 6. Do you know _____________Guangzhou tomorrow? A. whether they leave for B. whether will they leave for C. whether they are leaving for D. whether do they leave for 7. ---Can you guess the new Nike sports shoes? ---Yes. Maybe he asked his grandpa to pay for them, I think. A. where he bought B. how he paid for C. when he paid for D. why he bought 8. —Could you tell me __________ yesterday? —Because my bike was broken on my way here. A. why you came late B. why do you come late C. why you come late D. why did you come late 9. Tom said he ______back in a week. A. will come B. would come C. come D. comes 10. The teacher told us that light ______faster than sound. A. travels B. travelled C. would travel D. had travelled 4. 宾语从句的否定转移：当动词 think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess 后接一个 表示否定意义的宾语从句，且主句的主语是第一人称时，其否定通常转移到主句上，其反义疑问句一般与 宾语从句一致。 I don’t believe it is right for him to treat you like that. I don’t think we need waste much time on it. I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim, is he? We suppose you have finished the project, haven't you? 练习： 1. These flowers are from Guangdong. He said. He said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong. 2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me. My teacher told me ________ light _________ faster than sound. 3. There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn't know. Jack didn't know ________ there ________ ______ a meeting in five days. 4. “Have you finished your homework yet?” Mr. Zhao asked Mr. Liu. Mr. Zhao asked Mr. Liu _________ _________ _________ ________ ________ homework yet. 5. What does he often talk about? The girl wondered. The girl wondered _______ _______ often ___________ about. 6. Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don't know. I don’t know _________ _________ at the door so loudly.