2020届黑龙江省部分名校高二下学期期末英语考试题七选五专题

1 2020 届黑龙江省部分名校高二下学期期末英语考试题七选五专题 黑龙江省 2019-2020 学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Every life-changing decision we make in our life shapes our current reality. Let’s talk about a few ways that you can use for reference when making your own life-changing decisions. Realize the power of decision making. Before you start making a decision, you have to understand what a decision does. ___16___ When you decide to pick up a cigarette to smoke it, that decision might result in your picking up one after one later on to get that same high feeling. Carry your decision out. It’s pointless to make a decision and just keep it in your head ___17___ If you want to make real changes in life, you have to apply action to your decision until it’s completed. Tell others about your decisions. Telling other people what we’re going to do can make us follow through. For example, if you decide to become an early riser, you can go to a forum and tell people that you will wake up at 6 a.m. and keep on it. ___18___ Learn from your past decisions. It’s common that you are going to mess up at times when it comes to making decisions. ___19___ Ask yourself what is good or bad about your decision and what you will do to make a better decision next time. ___20___ For example, if you made the decision to lose ten pounds by next month through aerobics (有氧运 动). You don’t have to just do aerobics. You can be open to losing weight through different methods of dieting as long as it helps you reach your goal in the end. A. Maintain a flexible approach. B. Enjoy the process of making decisions. C. That’s the same as not making a decision at all. D. It always takes a lot of time to make a decision. 2 E. Any decision that you make causes a chain of events to happen. F. So, instead of beating yourself up over it, learn a lesson from it. G. You’re able to accomplish this because you feel it an obligation to keep your word. 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. G 19. F 20. A 【解析】 本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了做决定时应该注意的问题。 【16 题详解】 结合后文 When you decide to pick up a cigarette to smoke it, that decision might result in your picking up one after one later on to get that same high feeling. (当你决定拿起一支烟来抽的时候，这个决定可能会导致你一支 接一支地抽，从而获得同样的快感。)E. Any decision that you make causes a chain of events to happen. 你所 做的任何决定都会导致一连串的事件发生。符合后文描述，一旦决定了抽一支烟就会导致一连串地一直抽 烟。故选 E 项。 【17 题详解】 结合前文 It’s pointless to make a decision and just keep it in your head.(做一个决定并把它记在脑子里是没有 意义的)C. That’s the same as not making a decision at all. 这和根本不做决定是一样的。承接上文没有意义的 决定和不做决定是一样的。故选 C 项。 【18 题详解】 结合前文 Telling other people what we’re going to do can make us follow through.(告诉别人我们要做什么可以 让我们坚持到底。)G. You’re able to accomplish this because you feel it an obligation to keep your word. 你之所 以能做到这一点，是因为你觉得守信是一种义务。解释前文告诉别人可以让我们坚持到底的原因。故选 G 项。 【19 题详解】 结合前文 It’s common that you are going to mess up at times when it comes to making decisions. (在做决定的时 候，你常常会陷入困境。)F. So, instead of beating yourself up over it, learn a lesson from it. 所以，与其为此 3 痛打自己，不如从中吸取教训。给出前文陷入困境时的解决办法和态度。故选 F 项。 【20 题详解】 结合后文 For example, if you made the decision to lose ten pounds by next month through aerobics (有氧运动). You don’t have to just do aerobics. You can be open to losing weight through different methods of dieting as long as it helps you reach your goal in the end. (例如，如果你下个月决定通过有氧运动减肥 10 磅。你不必只 做有氧运动。你可以通过不同的节食方法来减肥，只要它能帮助你最终达到你的目标。想要减肥不一定只 靠一种方法，可以采取多种方法达到同一目的。)A. Maintain a flexible approach. 保持灵活的方法。符合本 段大意。故选 A 项。 黑龙江省鸡西市第一中学 2019-2020 学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题 第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。 How to Remember What You Read Reading is important. But the next step is making sure that you remember what you've read! ___46___you may have just read the text. But the ideas, concepts and images（形象）may fly right out of your head. Here are a few tricks for remembering what you read. ● ___47___ If the plot, characters, or word usage is confusing for you, you likely won't be able to remember what you read. It's a bit like reading a foreign language. If you don't understand what you're reading, how would you remember it? But there are a few things you can do... Use a dictionary; look up the difficult words. ● Are you connected? Does a character remind you of a friend? Does the setting make you want to visit the place? Does the book inspire you, and make you want to read more? With some books, you may feel a connection right away. ___48___ How willing are you to make the connections happen? ● Read it; hear it; be it! Read the lines. Then, speak them out loud. And, put some character into the words. When he was writing his 4 novels, Charles Dickens would act out the parts of the characters. He'd make faces in the mirror, and change his voice for each character. ___49___ ● How often do you read? If you read frequently, you'll likely have an easier time with remembering what you’re reading and what you've read. ___50___As you make reading a regular part of your life, you'll make more connections, stay more focused and understand the text better. You’ll learn to enjoy literature- as you remember what you read! A. Are you confused? B. Practice makes perfect. C. What's your motivation? D. Memory is sometimes a tricky thing. E. Marking helps you remember what you read. F. But other books require a bit more work on your part. G. You can do the same thing when you are reading the text! 【答案】46. D 47. A 48. F 49. G 50. B 【解析】 本文为说明文，给出了几种方法来帮助读者记忆阅读过的内容，包括扫清生词障碍，将所读到的内容与已 有知识建立联系，把自己置身于情节之中和经常性阅读。 【46 题详解】 根据空格后的内容：你可能刚刚读过某篇文章，但却对文章所传达的思想，概念以及形象等一片茫然。接 下来作者给出了几条能记住所读内容的方法。D 选项：阅读中记忆有时很让人棘手，与空格后所表述含义 一致，故选 D。 【47 题详解】 本段主要说明能记住所读内容的前提是读懂，这就需要首先通过查字典等办法扫清生词障碍。由 confusing” 5 令人困惑的“及 don’t understand”不理解“等词可推知答案，故选 A。 【48 题详解】 根据空格后的内容：将正在阅读的内容与已有知识之间建立联系。有些书的内容会让你立即产生这种联想， 因此推断该空的内容也是与建立联系有关，F 选项含义为“但是其他书则更多地需要你自己努力了”，表示 转折，与上下文顺畅连接，另外 other books 也与空白前的 some books 相对应。故选 F。 【49 题详解】 本段给出的方法是：要求读者能全身心投入到所读内容中去，列举了狄更斯的例子旨在说明这种方法的可 行性，因此读者也可以使用这种方法记住所读内容，故选 G。 【50 题详解】 根据空格前：将阅读作为一种日常活动，可知空格处要说明这样做的好处。由此可推断出，该空格处内容 与经常阅读相关，选项 B(熟能生巧)符合语境。 【名师点睛】 【解题剖析】. 1.如果问题设在段首，通常是段落的主题句，认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查 找相关的词，推断出主题句 如：●___2___ If the plot, characters, or word usage is confusing for you, likely won’t be able to remember what you read. 本段 主要说明能记住所读内容的前提是读懂，这就需要首先通过查字典等办法扫清生词障碍。由 confusing”令 人困惑的“及 don’t understand”不理解“等词可推知答案，故选 AAre you confused? 2. 如果问题设在段尾.空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。 如：Charles Dickens would act out the parts of the characters, He’d make faces in the mirror, and change his voice for each character.___4___ 3.如果问题设在句中，承上启下性是这个句子的主要作用。分析句子之间的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，注 意段落间的衔接手段。将选项代入原文，如果前后内容连贯，符合逻辑，就能得出正确答案。 如：If you read frequently, you’ll likely have and easier time with remembering what you’re reading(and what 6 you’ve read).___5__根据空格前：将阅读作为一种日常活动，可知空格处要说明这样做的好处。由此可推断 出，该空格处内容与经常阅读相关，选项 F (熟能生巧)符合语境。 黑龙江省校 2019-2020 学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题 第二节（共 5 小题；毎小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Reducing class size has traditionally been seen as an important way to improve a student’s educational experience. Many often believe that smaller classes would permit teachers to give more personal attention to their students. ___16___. But one recent study suggests there's not much research-based evidence to support this idea. The research was collected by a team from Denmark's Danish Center for Social Science Research. The study notes that one of the main problems with reducing class size is that it can have very high costs. ___17___. Financial limitations make it very difficult for many schools to reduce the number of students in the classroom. The new study began by examining 127 studies on classroom size. Its goal was to examine the major research studies already completed on the subject. ___18___. In the end, the research centered on 10 main studies with possible sampling (采样)problems. The researchers concluded that there's some evidence to suggest that reducing class size may lead to some improvement in a student 's reading achievement. ___19___. They found just a 53-percent chance that a randomly selected test score from a student from a small class would be higher than the selected score of a student from a larger class. ___20___. This led the researchers to conclude that there would be no benefit at all to math students in a smaller class size. A. But they said the effect is very small B. For mathematics achievement, the result was 49 percent C. This can theoretically lead to improved academic results for students D. Many public opinion studies have shown teachers favor smaller class sizes 7 E. The effects of larger class size can stay long after the students complete their education F. Increasing class size is one of the most common ways school systems control education spending G. They especially centered on those trying to measure if smaller class size led to greater academic success 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. G 19. A 20. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。减少班容量传统上被认为可以提高学生的成绩。但新的研究发现，班容量小可能会提高 部分学生的阅读成绩，但对于学生的数学成绩来说，没有明显的作用。 【16 题详解】 上一句提到：减小班容量可以使老师们给学生更多的关注。该句承接上文，应该继续介绍这么做的好处， 故 C 选项切题：这从理论上可以提高学生的学习成绩。C 选项中的 This 指代上一句的内容。 【17 题详解】 根据上一句中的“it can have very high costs”和下一句中的“Financial limitations make it very difficult”可知，该 段介绍的是班容量和成本方面的关系，选项中只有 F 选项和此有关，故 F 选项切题：提高班容量是学校控 制教育费用的常见的方式之一。 【18 题详解】 该空前面介绍的新研究的对象和目的。那么，该空仍然要介绍新研究的相关内容，故 G 选项切题。该空主 要介绍新研究的重点：他们特别关注那些试图衡量班级规模是否会带来更大学术成就的研究。下一句中的 “10 main studies”亦是对该空的补充说明。 【19 题详解】 该空前面提到：有一些证据表明减小班容量可能会导致学生阅读成绩的提高。后一句提到：他们发现，来 自小容量班学生的随机选择的测试分数只有 53%的几率会高于来自大容量班级学生的所选分数。该空承上 启下，应该表明小班教学实际上效果不是很好，故 A 选项切题。 【20 题详解】 8 上一句提到：来自小容量班学生的随机选择的测试分数只有 53%的几率会高于来自大容量班级学生的所选 分数。下一句提到：这导致研究者们得出结论：班级容量小对于学生的数学成绩没有好处。该空承接上文， 还应该介绍班容量和数学成绩有关的内容，故 B 选项切题：对于数学成绩来说，这个几率只有 49%。 黑龙江省大庆市铁人中学 2019-2020 学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Many of us live with a roommate at some stage. Sometimes, there can be problems. Who hasn't had an argument about whose turn it is to take out the rubbish or who should be the one to clear up after dinner? ___36___ You know that there's always someone else around, which can help you feel safer. There is always someone to talk to, so you never feel lonely. ___37___ For example, we're actually more likely to eat healthier food when living with others. Australian researchers found that people living alone tended to eat less fresh food, which can have a negative effect on their health. However, those living with others generally benefited from a more varied diet compared to those living alone. ___38___ The researchers believe food preparation may be one of the important factors. For example, those living with friends have someone else to go shopping with, and thus are likely to buy higher-quality fresh food regularly. ___39___ If people living alone find they do not have the knowledge required to prepare a particular dish or cook a certain food, they may fall back on ready-made, less healthy food. However, if they live with at least one other person, they may be able to ask for help. In addition, people living alone can eat whatever they want at any time of the day or night. However, it's helpful to have someone around who questions your decision to eat frozen pizza at 3 a.m. ___40___ A. What could explain these findings? B. Cooking skills may be another factor. 9 C. You can encourage one another to go on a diet. D. Statistics show people living alone tend to be slimmer. E. That is, roommates can warn you of unhealthy routines. F. Besides these obvious benefits, there are some you may not notice. G. However, living with another person also comes with many benefits. 【答案】36. G 37. F 38. A 39. B 40. E 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了和别人一起居住的好处。 【36 题详解】 上文 Sometimes, there can be problems. Who hasn't had an argument about whose turn it is to take out the rubbish or who should be the one to clear up after dinner? (有时，会有一些问题。谁没有因为轮到谁倒垃圾或谁应该 在饭后洗碗而争吵过呢？)与 G. However, living with another person also comes with many benefits.(但和另一 个人也有很多好处。)承接自然，上下文是明显的转折关系，讲述了与室友同住的问题和好处，故选 G 项。 【37 题详解】 上文 You know that there's always someone else around, which can help you feel safer. There is always someone to talk to, so you never feel lonely.(你知道有人总是在你身边，这让你觉得更加安全。总是有人和你聊天，这 样你就不会孤单。)与 F. Besides these obvious benefits, there are some you may not notice.(除了那些明显的好 处外，还有一些你没注意到的好处。)承接自然，上文所提到的内容就是与他人同住的明显好处，故选 F 项。 【38 题详解】 根据上文的 However, those living with others generally benefited from a more varied diet compared to those living alone.(然而，同独居者相比，那些同他人一起居住的人可以从多变的饮食中获取好处。)和下文 The researchers believe food preparation may be one of the important factors. (研究人员认为食物的准备可能是重要 因素之一。)可知 A. What could explain these findings?(什么可以对这些发现做出解释呢？)放在此处，可以 10 起到承上启下的作用，选项中的 findings 就是前文所提到的内容，而下文是对问题的回答，故选 A 项。 【39 题详解】 根据下文 If people living alone find they do not have the knowledge required to prepare a particular dish or cook a certain food, they may fall back on ready-made, less healthy food. (如果独居者发现他们没有准备某种特殊菜 肴或食物所需要 知识，他们最终会选择制作好的、没那么健康的食物。)可知，本段主要讲述独居者的烹 饪技术也会影响他们的饮食，由此推测 B. Cooking skills may be another factor.(烹饪技术可能是另外一个原 因)可以作为本段中心句，故选 B 项。 【40 题详解】 上文 However, it's helpful to have someone around who questions your decision to eat frozen pizza at 3 a.m.(但， 有人在身边质问你半夜三点吃冷冻披萨的行为是很有帮助的。)与 E. That is, roommates can warn you of unhealthy routines.(即，室友可以警告你不健康的日常。)承接自然，选项是对上文内容的解释，question 和 warn 是关键词，故选 E 项。 黑龙江省 2019-2020 学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Things You Should Know About COVID-19 COVID-19, a cousin of the SARS virus, has infected more than ten million people since the outbreak began in Wuhan, China in December, 2019. Scientists think it likely started in an animal and spread to humans. The World Health Organization offered guidance to countries on how they can prepare for it. Here are four things you should know about it. What are the symptoms? It’s from a family called the corona viruses. The symptoms of this illness are pretty ordinary on the face of it: it’s a dry cough fever and then breathing problems. ___16___ But we also know about the more severe cases, which is where people have gone on to develop viral pneumonia（病毒性肺炎）, and those people obviously end up in hospital, and all the deaths have been among those people. How is this virus transmitted? 11 ___17___ It was hoped at first actually that it just came from animals as all corona viruses do. But now it looks as though it is actually passed from one human being to another. We’ve got people to people transmission, because the market has been closed for sometime, and there are cases in people who’ve never been near it. ___18___ So there actually isn’t any treatment at the moment at all, because this is a virus. Antibiotics（抗生素）won’t work. ___19___ So really you want to know antiviral treatment, but none of the flu drugs that we’ve got works effectively on this now. A corona virus is different from a flu virus, so there actually isn’t any treatment at the moment at all. Should we be panic about this outbreak? Though there have been so many cases so far, it is possible for us to largely reduce the risk of infection if we can take preventive measures, including regularly washing our hands, covering our sneezes, and wiping down surfaces. Good news is that in the months since, we’ve seen the social distancing measures taking effect, too. ___20___ A. What treatment is available? B. What should we do if we are affected? C. They only work against bacteria not viruses. D. Actually there is no need for us to be too anxious about it. E. It seems quite mild in lots of people, and probably those people don’t end up in hospital at all. F. Although your body is very strong and healthy, you’re going to find it very hard to fight off a virus. G. We’ve only just discovered that the new corona virus is actually transmitted from one person to another. 【答案】16. E 17. G 18. A 19. C 20. D 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了 2019 年 12 月在中国武汉爆发新冠肺炎疫情以来，已有 1000 多万人感染 新冠肺炎。作者对于感染新冠病毒后的症状、病毒的传播途径、治疗方法以及民众是否应该恐慌这些问题 12 进行了一一说明。 【16 题详解】 上文 The symptoms of this illness are pretty ordinary on the face of it: it’s a dry cough fever and then breathing problems. 说这种病的症状表面上很普通:干咳发热，然后呼吸困难。下文 But we also know about the more severe cases, which is where people have gone on to develop viral pneumonia（病毒性肺炎）, and those people obviously end up in hospital, and all the deaths have been among those people. 说但我们也知道一些更严重的 病例，也就是人们会发展成病毒性肺炎，这些人显然会住院，所有的死亡都发生在这些人身上。上下文都 在说明人感染新冠病毒后的一些表现和症状，该空承上启下，也要说明人感染新冠病毒后的一些表现和症 状，E 选项“很多人的症状都很轻微，可能这些人根本就不会住进医院”切题，选项与下文说明了感染新 冠后，人们的两种情况，选项中的 in hospital 对应下文中的 in hospital，故选 E。 【17 题详解】 根据本段标题 How is this virus transmitted?（这种病毒是如何传播的）以及下文（起初人们希望它只是像所 有的冠状病毒一样来自动物）可知这里都在讲新冠病毒的传播途径，G 选项“我们刚刚发现这种新型冠状 病毒可以从一个人传到另一个人”切题，选项中的 transmitted 与标题中的 transmitted 相呼应，故选 G。 【18 题详解】 该空是段落小标题，根据下文内容 So there actually isn’t any treatment at the moment at all, because this is a virus. Antibiotics（抗生素）won’t work. （所以实际上目前没有任何治疗方法，因为这是一种病毒。抗生素 不能工作）和 So really you want to know antiviral treatment, but none of the flu drugs that we’ve got works effectively on this now. A corona virus is different from a flu virus, so there actually isn’t any treatment at the moment at all. （所以你真的想知道抗病毒的治疗方法，但是现在我们没有一种流感药物在这方面有效。冠 状病毒与流感病毒不同，所以目前根本没有任何治疗方法）可知这一段主要讲了感染新冠后的治疗方法， A 选项“有什么治疗方法”切题，选项中的 treatment 对应下文中的 treatment，故选 A。 【19 题详解】 上文 Antibiotics（抗生素）won’t work.说抗生素不起作用，该空承接上文，解释抗生素不起作用的原因，C 选项“它们只能对付细菌而不能对付病毒”切题，选项中的 They 指代上文中的 Antibiotics，故选 C。 【20 题详解】 13 根据上文 Though there have been so many cases so far, it is possible for us to largely reduce the risk of infection if we can take preventive measures, including regularly washing our hands, covering our sneezes, and wiping down surfaces. Good news is that in the months since, we’ve seen the social distancing measures taking effect, too. （虽然到目前为止已经出现了很多病例，但如果我们能够采取预防措施，包括经常洗手、捂住喷嚏和擦拭 物体表面，我们还是有可能在很大程度上降低感染的风险。好消息是，在那之后的几个月里，我们也看到 了社交距离措施的效果）可知这里介绍了避免感染新冠的很多有效措施，该空与上文构成因果关系，D 选 项“事实上，我们没有必要为此太焦虑”切题，选项中的 anxious 对应该段标题中 panic，故选 D。