微专题2022届高考英语语法精讲精练---

2022 届英语语法精讲精练微专题 主谓一致学生版 考点清单一、就远一致 要点精讲：主语后面跟有下列介词或介词短语 with，along with，together with, as well as, rather than, including, like, but, except，谓语动词在人称与数上应与前边的主语一致。 例 1：No one but John and his teachers knows the truth of the experiment. 例 2：Tom as well as two of his friends was invited to my forty-ninth birthday party last Friday. 例 3：Alice, together with her friends, was praised for having won honor for their school. 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. (2019 江苏改编) The musician along with his band members ______________(give) ten performances in the last three months. 2. (2019 天津改编)Amy, as well as her brothers, _____________ (give) a welcome when returning to the village last week. 3. (2017 天津改编)Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _____________(regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. 考点清单二、就近一致 要点精讲 1：并列连词 either…or…, neither…nor…, not…but, not only…but also…等连接并列主语时，谓 语应与最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。 例 4：Is either he or you not telling the truth? 例 5：Not only you but also she is to blame for the traffic accident. 例 6：Neither the leader nor the farmers are responsible for the heavy losses. 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 4. Either you or one of your students _______ (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. 5. Not only I but also David and Iris _______ (be) fond of playing basketball. 6._____ (be) either he or you to host the Talent Show in our school this year? 要点精讲 2：There be 句型及 The following 句型语应与最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。 例 7：There is a pencil and two dictionaries on the desk. 例 8：There are two dictionaries and a pencil on the desk. 例 9：The following is the information about plays which will be on these days. 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 7. The following _______ (be) some other examples for you to refer to. 8. There _______(be) millions of websites on the Internet and there _______(be) a lot of useful information on the websites. 9. Between the two rows of trees __________(stand) the newly built teaching building. 考点清单三、意义一致 要点精讲 1：family, class, committee, team, group, crew, audience 等集体名词强调整体谓语用单数，强调 成员谓语用复数。 例 10：The football team is made up of 23 members. 例 11：The football team are taking their training course on the playground. 例 12：All the crew are on board except the electrician. 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 10. Her family _________ (be) larger than mine and her family __________ (watch) TV now. 11. After hearing his inspiring speech, the audience _____________(move) by his story and his words. 12. The committee _________ (make) up of 20 members, who _________ (be) all experts in medicine. 要点精讲 2：某些集体名词如 people, police, cattle, oxen 谓语动词必须用复数。 例 13：The police are searching the forest for the eight escaped prisoners. 例 14：The cattle are rounded up in the evenings every day. 例 15：The Chinese people are characterized by modesty. 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 13. The police _____________(search) for the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre. 要点精讲 3：单复数同形的名词(sheep, deer, works, means, species, Chinese, Japanese )等作主语时，谓语 动词应根据其意义或限定词决定单、复数。 例 16：This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed. 例 17：Such a chemical works is to be closed by the local government next year. 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 14. Every possible means ____________(try) to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. 15. All possible means ____________(try) to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. 要点精讲 4：the + 形容词（或分词）主语表示一类人时，谓语通常用复数。这类词有 the rich, the poor, the brave, the injured, the living, the wounded 等。 例 18：The living are trying their best to rescue those trapped in the ruins. 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 16. The elderly _____________ (take) good care of in our country at present. 要点精讲 5：名词短语作主语表示时间、距离、金钱、机构、书籍等概念时，谓语动词常用单数。 例 19：Eight hours of sleep is enough for a child. 例 20：The United Nations was founded on October 24, 1945. 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 17. (2017·江苏改编)The publication of Great Expectations, which ___________(be) both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens, status as a leading novelist. 18. Three years___________(pass) since they met last time, and for them, three years_____(be) really a long time. 考点清单四：语法一致 要点精讲 1：不定式、动名词和从句作主语，谓语动词用单数。 例 21：Why he was absent from the meeting yesterday is being questioned. 例 22：Planning so far ahead makes no sense----so many things will have changed by next year. 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 19. (2006 天津改编)What we used to think _______(be) impossible now does seem possible. 20. (2010 湖南改编)Listening to loud music at rock concerts ___________(cause) hearing loss in some teenagers. 21. When and where to build the new factory ______________(not, decide) yet. 22. What we need _______ (be) enough water, but what they need _______ (be) houses. 要点精讲 2：分数,百分数,some ,all, most, the rest 等修饰名词时,谓语动词与修饰的名词单复数保持一致。 例 23：Most of his income has been spent on books. 例 24：What is the population of your country? 例 25：Seventy percent of the population in that country are still in poverty. 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 23. The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third __________ (use) regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long. 24. One-third of the country__________(cover) with trees and the majority of the citizens _______ (be) black people. 25. 40% of the population in that country ________(be) young, and two thirds of them _________(not) know how to read and write. 要点精讲 3：and 连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式；但如果并列主语指同一个人，同一事物或同 一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。由 and 连接的并列单数主语的前边如果分别有 each, every, 或 no 修饰时， 其谓语要用单数形式。 例 26：A cart and horse was seen in the direction of the town. 例 27：Many a boy and many a girl has made the same mistake in the math exam. 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 26. A poet and artist _______ (be) coming to speak to us about Chinese literature this afternoon. 27. Butter and bread ________(be) their daily food, but the bread and the butter __________(eat) up so far. 28. Early to bed and early to rise __________(make) a man healthy, happy and wise. 29. In our country every boy and every girl ________(have) the right to receive education. 要点精讲 4：a large quantity/amount of…作主语，谓语动词用单数；large quantities/amounts of…作主语， 谓语动词用复数。 例 28：A large amount of money is spent on advertisements every year. 例 29：Large amounts of special fuel are needed to launch a rocket into space. 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 30. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of earth ________(wash) away each year. 31. ---Why does the lake smell terrible?---Because large quantities of water__________ (pollute). 要点精讲 5：the number of…表示“……的数量”，谓语用单数；a number of 表示“若干，许多”，谓语用复 数。 例 30：The number of the students in Class 7 is 65. And a number of them are keen on reading. 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 32.(2006 全国 II)As you can see, the number of cars on our roads __________(keep) rising these days. 33.The number of people invited ______ (be) fifty, but a number of them _______(be)absent for different reasons. 要点精讲 6：one of …后接定语从句，从句谓语用复数；the only one of 后接定语从句，从句谓语用单数。 例 31：Johnson is one of the farmers who live in the valley. 例 32：Johnson is the only one of the farmers who lives in the valley. 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 34. Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who________(wear) evening dress. 要点精讲 7：all, both, each, every, either, neither, none 等代词作主语，视意思而定。 例 33：Each student in Class 29 has at least three dictionaries. 例 34：The students each have at least three dictionaries. 例 35：All of the money was given to the poor villagers last month. 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 35. –Did you go to the show last night? –Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area___________ (invite). 36. All the scientific evidence_____(show) that increasing use of chemicals in farming _______ (be) damaging our health. 37. The summer holiday is coming and we each ______(be) ready for the picnic in the past weeks. 38."All _______ (be) present and all_______ (be) going on well," our head teacher said. 39. It is reported that many a new house_______________(build) at present in the disaster area. 要点精讲 8：在 It is…that…强调句型中也应考虑主谓一致。 例 36：It was Jim that was praised by the headmaster this morning. 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 40. It is I, who _______ (be) your teacher, will try my best to help you out. 好题再练（一）高考真题 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. (2021 天津改编) Currently, about 35,000 works ____________(display) in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything. 2. (2020 江苏改编) If you look at all sides of the situation, you'll find probably a solution that _______ (suit) everyone. 3. (2020 天 津 改 编) The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and __________(remain) around that level since. 4. (2020 全国 II)This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers __________ (carry) special significance. 5. (2019 全国Ⅰ) Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _____ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 6. (2019 全国 II) I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _______ (make) over the years. 7. (2019 全国 III) On the last day of our week-long stay, we __________ (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars. 8. (2018 全国 II) Since 2011, the country __________ (grow) more corn than rice. 9. (2017 全国Ⅰ)When fat and salt__________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. 10. (2016 全国 II) Leaving the less important things until tomorrow __________(be) often acceptable. 好题再练（二）模拟试题 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 11. Here _______ (be) a pen, a few pencils and some paper for you. 12. More than one member _______ (be) against the plan. 13. This kind of cartoons _______ (sell)well in the bookstore while cartoons of that kind ___________ badly (sell). 14. An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, _______ (be) to be built here. 15. E-mail, as well as telephones, ________ (be) playing an important part in daily communication. 16. The father as well as his three children _______(go) skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. 17. --Each of the students working hard at their lessons __________ (read) the book. --So have I. 18. The number of the students who ________(possess) cell phones ________(be) increasing rapidly, which affects the normal teaching badly. 19. Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others____ (be)essential to their development. 20. So far a series of problems _____________(bring) about by this decision. 好题再练（三）单句改错 下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。 21. The cattle is eating grass on the hill now. 22. Kate, one of my close friends, come from Guangzhou. 23. Not only the students but also the teacher wish for a holiday. 24. The writer and translator are delivering a speech in our school now. 25. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area needs repairing. 26. Large quantities of food has been sent to the flood-stricken victims in the past few days. 27. The teacher, as well as 6 girls and 8 boys, were visiting a museum when the earthquake struck. 28. No one in the department but Tom and I know that the director is going to resign. 29. The country life the elderly couple was used to have changed greatly since 1992. 30. What the science teacher does and says are of great importance to college students. 好题再练（四）语篇运用 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 My new deskmate James, whose parents 31 (teach) English in Guangzhou for ten years, 32 (come) from the United States, which 33 (be) one of the most developed countries in the world. He as well as his parents 34 (enjoy) living in Guangzhou because neither James nor his parents 35 (finding) it difficult to adapt to the life in China. In their opinion, many a custom here 36 (be) easy to understand and ten years 37 (be) enough for them to get used to all the customs. I, together with James, 38 (be) extremely fond of English but physics 39 (seem) rather difficult for us. Besides, both he and I 40 (be) crazy about reading story books, and the Arabian Nights 41 (be) one of the most interesting books that 42 (read) by us. Our class 43 (unite) as a big family. Now the whole class 44 (prepare) for the coming sports meet, so large quantities of our recent time 45 (spend) on it. What we need 46 (be) a qualified coach because being trained properly 47 (be) of great importance. We each 48 (be) fully aware that each of us 49 (play) an important role in our class. We have decided to hold a celebration if getting a good result but when and where we are going to hold it 50 (decide) yet. 扫码关注英语学科网服务号，第一时间获取资源更新通知 关注英语学科网服务号，提供一对一优质人工服务，减少资源检索时间。