2022届高考英语一轮复习第二部分高考题型组合练组合练二十七阅读理解 阅读七选五含解析新人教版

word 文档 - 1 - / 14 组合练(二十七) 阅读理解＋阅读七选五 Ⅰ．阅读理解 A (2021·某某毕业班学习质量检测)Have you ever experienced any inconvenience caused by language barriers while travelling? Have you ever thought how awesome those language courses would be if they didn't cost so much money and require so much time? Translaty is created to serve this purpose—without wasting your money and time on language courses, you can instantly bee “fluent” in more than 40 languages with this genius device! What is Translaty? Translaty is a simple yet life － changing invention that helps you to overe any obstacles caused by foreign languages, whether you're in a business meeting with an international client or sunbathing somewhere on a Spanish beach． This small but ingenious device is able to instantly recognize and translate over 40 different languages, making intercultural munication pletely effortless! What languages can I actually municate in? Translaty has more than 40 languages pre － installed, so you're able to use it the minute you get it! It provides fast and accurate two－way munication and allows you to install some other languages that you might be missing． What makes Translaty so special? *Makes travelling easier—forget language barriers and bee “fluent” in more than 40 word 文档 - 2 - / 14 languages． * Helps in business—strengthening your international business relationships． It's easy when you speak the same language． *Assists in daily life—allowing you to overe language differences with your foreign friends． *Convenient and easy to use—lightweight and simple design ensures it's there when you need it the most． *Offers 100% accurate, two－way translations． *High sound and recording quality ensure there are no misunderstandings． To sum up—get it while you can! [语篇解读] 本文是一篇应用文。文章向读者介绍了一种小而精巧、质量可靠且能够解决跨文 化交际中出现的语言障碍的翻译设备。 1．Translaty can help users ． A．better understand foreigners B．learn foreign languages well C．spend less in learning a language D．build relationships with colleagues 解析：推理判断题。由 What is Translaty？部分最后一句可知，这种小而精巧的设备能即时 识别并翻译 40 多种不同的语言，它可以让跨文化交际变得毫不费力！故由此推断，Translaty 可以帮助用户更好地了解外国人。故选 A。 答案：A 2．What is special about Translaty? word 文档 - 3 - / 14 A．It's secure． B．It's strong． C．It's reliable． D．It's affordable． 解析：推理判断题。根据 What makes Translaty so special？部分中的“Offers 100% accurate, two－way translations．”及“High sound and recording quality ensure there are no misunderstandings．”可知，Translaty 所提供的翻译正确率达到 100%，品质非常 高，不会造成误解。由此可推知，Translaty 的特别之处在于它非常可靠。故选 C。 答案：C 3．What's the purpose of the passage? A．To report． B．To advertise． C．To appeal． D．To reply． 解析：写作意图题。该题问的是本文的写作目的是什么。通读全文内容可知，本文主要向读 者介绍了一种小而精巧、质量可靠、能够解决跨文化交际中出现的语言障碍的翻译设备。由 此可推知，本文主要是在为这种翻译设备做广告，来让读者购买。故选 B。 答案：B B Many Beijing residents go to great lengths to avoid breathing the city's smoggy air, especially when it reaches critical pollution levels, but one local firm decided that canning (罐装) and selling this poor quality air as a souvenir (纪念品) would be a great idea． Believe it or not, he was right． After seeing a number of panies achieve mercial success by canning fresh air from countries like France, Canada or Australia and selling it in China, Dominic Johnson－ Hill, a British－born citizen of Beijing and owner of the Plastered 8 souvenir shop, word 文档 - 4 - / 14 decided to turn the idea on its head and sell canned Beijing air throughout China and abroad． “ I'd seen people going crazy to buy canned air from Canada and Australia, so I thought it was time to push business the other way，”the entrepreneur said．“They're perfect gifts! What else are you going to take home when you go home from Beijing? A roast duck? A Plastered T －shirt? These cans are light, portable． You can just imagine someone's face when they unwrap (打开) it for Christmas．” The few mouth－fulls of Beijing air e in standard tin cans featuring a couple of city landmarks as well as a bitter description of the contents: “a unique mix of nitrogen (氮气), oxygen and some other stuff ”． The ironic (讽刺的) souvenirs cost 28 RMB ($4) and are available at the Plastered 8 shop, as well as on its online shop． But if you're actually considering buying some, you'd better ask shop in advance, as they are virtually flying off the shelves ． Johnson － Hill said that his shop is selling hundreds of Beijing air cans every day． Personally, the well － sold can probably is an awakening for the public to be concerned about the living conditions． Yet one thing that's not particularly clear is whether the air is really collected from Beijing, as the cans are labeled as “Made in Shenzhen”． There's a big chance that's just a kind of Plastered 8 humor, as they also list “Choking Hazard” and “May have unidentified objects inside．” as warnings． Anyway, it is probably a unique way to arouse public awareness of protecting the environment． [语篇解读] 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了 Dominic Johnson－Hill 在中国和海外销售 word 文档 - 5 - / 14 罐装空气，人们对此看法不一，但作者认为无论如何，这可能是唤起公众保护环境意识的一 种独特方式。 4．What contributes to Dominic's idea of canning and selling the poor quality air? A．Try to get used to it． B．Sell it all over the world． C．Can it as a souvenir． D．Try to push business the other way． 解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的“‘I'd seen people going crazy to buy canned air from Canada and Australia, so I thought it was time to push business the other way，’ the entrepreneur said．”可知，努力把生意推向另一个方向使 Dominic 产生了制作和销售劣质 空气的想法。 答案：D 5．How may one feel when receiving canned Beijing air for Christmas? A．Satisfied． B．Surprised． C．Frightened． D．Refreshed． 解析：推理判断题。由第三段中的“These cans are light, portable． You can just imagine someone's face when they unwrap it for Christmas．”可知，你可以想象某人在圣诞节打 开易拉罐时的表情；圣诞礼物一般都是美好的，而一个人收到罐装空气作为圣诞礼物一定会 感到很吃惊。 答案：B 6．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “stuff” in paragraph 4? A．liquids B．objects word 文档 - 6 - / 14 C．minerals D．risks 解析：词义猜测题。由第四段第一句可知，罐装的空气中含有氮、氧和一些其他物质，and 表并列，所以 stuff 是和氮、氧类似的物质，由此可知，画线词词义为“物质”。 答案：B 7．What can we infer from the passage? A．The canned Beijing air may harm people who buy it． B．The Plastered 8 souvenir shop is famous for its humour． C．People should make efforts to protect the environment． D．Dominic Johnson－Hill likes the poor quality air in Beijing． 解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中“Anyway, it is probably a unique way to arouse public awareness of protecting the environment．”可知，无论如何，这可能是唤起公众保护环 境的意识的一种独特方式，由此可知，人们应该努力保护环境。 答案：C C (2021·某某六市联合测试)In a new study, researchers analyzed information from more than 18，000 people who provided blood samples． Participants reported whether they exercised regularly, and if so, what type of exercises they typically did． The researchers then scanned participants' blood, looking for genes that are tied to an increased risk of obesity (肥胖)． Next, the researchers examined whether certain exercises seemed to balance this risk． Overall, people who reported doing any type of regular exercises tended to have a lower BMI (体重指数) than those who didn't． This was true even among people who word 文档 - 7 - / 14 were genetically easy to bee overweight． But one exercise stood out as the one with the strongest anti－obesity effect: jogging． Participants with obesity genes who jogged tended to have a lower BMI than people with similar genetic risk who did not jog． But for those who loathe jogging, fear not: Five other types of exercises were also tied to a lower BMI among individuals at risk for obesity． These included mountain climbing, ballroom dancing and walking． The benefits of these exercises were the biggest among those with the greatest genetic risk of obesity． Interestingly, several other types of exercises failed to counteract the genetic risk of obesity． These included cycling, stretching exercises and swimming． The findings don't mean that these latter exercises can't help with weight control． It's just that they didn't seem to counteract the genetic tendency to gain weight． There could be several reasons for this． The researchers noted that, for the average Joe or Jane, cycling and stretching exercises tend to require less energy than the exercises that were tied to a lower obesity risk． In addition, exercising in water, as happens with swimming, may increase appetite． [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，慢跑是肥胖基因的克星。此外，爬山、交际舞和 散步也有利于减小肥胖的风险。然而，骑自行车、做伸展运动和游泳等并不能帮助抵抗肥胖 基因风险。 8．What does the underlined word “loathe” in the third paragraph mean? A．Dislike． B．Display． C．Disturb． D．Discourage． word 文档 - 8 - / 14 解析：词义猜测题。画线词后面提供了其他几项抵抗肥胖基因风险的运动。可见画线词所在 句的意思是“对于那些不喜欢慢跑的人来说，也不必担心”。故可判断 loathe 是“不喜欢，讨 厌”之意。 答案：A 9．Which exercise has the least effect on balancing obesity genes? A．Mountain climbing． B．Ballroom dancing． C．Running slowly． D．Riding a bicycle． 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“several other types of exercises failed to counteract the genetic risk of obesity ． These included cycling, stretching exercises and swimming”可知，骑自行车不能抵抗肥胖基因风险。 答案：D 10．What does the author indicate in the last paragraph? A．Swimming doesn't help one lose weight． B．Diving may make a person eat more food． C．Average people put less energy into exercises． D．Stretching exercises will bee popular． 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，水中运动可能会增加食欲。潜水属于水中 运动，据此可判断潜水可能使一个人饭量增加。 答案：B 11．Which of the following is the best title? A．Jogging Less Leads to Genetic Obesity B．Regular Exercises Tend to Lower BMI word 文档 - 9 - / 14 C．Whether Exercises Balance Risks of Obesity Genes D．Genes Are Very Important for People's Weight Control 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段最后一句、第二段第三句、第三段最后一句和第四段第一句 可知，本文主要讲的是运动是否能够平衡肥胖基因的风险，故 C 项是最佳答案。 答案：C D (2021·某某东阳模拟)When early humans killed a mammoth, how did they keep the meat before they could eat it all? We don't know; maybe they didn't． But perhaps they preserved their mammoth steaks in salt． However, it is hard to know for sure． We do know for certain that by 3，000 years ago, the Babylonians, Egyptians, and Chinese were all experts at salting． They used salt to preserve food． For thousands of years, salting was a mon way to preserve food． But for a long time, no one knew why salt worked． Then, in the 1800s, a Frenchman named Louis Pasteur discovered the secret: bacteria ． What does salt have to do with bacteria? First, bacteria need moisture to grow and multiply． Salt pulls moisture out of food, so the bacteria no longer have enough moisture ． Besides, salt is poisonous to many bacteria． If you cover food with salt, bacteria outside the food die before they get in, and bacteria already in the food are poisoned by the salt． So how do you preserve food with salt? For meat or fish, you pour a layer of salt, then rub it in well． Hams are often made this way． Another way is to alternate layers of food and salt in a big container． The salt will draw the moisture out of the food, creating brine (盐水) that the food sits in． You'll need to make sure the brine pletely word 文档 - 10 - / 14 covers the food; otherwise, any food left exposed to the air will spoil ． If you preserve cabbage this way, you'll make sauerkraut． How well salt preserves food depends on how much it is used． The more salt, the longer the food is preserved． Unfortunately, using enough salt to preserve food for a very long time can cause problems． It can make food tough． It can destroy the flavor． And, of course, it can make the food too salty to eat, which is harmful to our health． Today, even though we no longer rely on salt to keep our food fresh, we haven't lost our taste for salt． We don't want to give up our bacon, salami, and watermelon pickles! [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种常见的保存食物的方法——腌制，讲述 了腌制中盐所起的作用、如何用盐保存食物以及盐的用量问题。 12．Why are examples of the ancient people mentioned in the first paragraph? A．To make an introduction to the topic． B．To explain our ancestors were very clever． C．To tell us the ancient people had a lot of food to eat． D．To show the ancient people were good at preserving food． 解析：写作意图题。文章开头以及下文中对腌制食物这种方法的介绍可知，第一段提到古人 保存食物的方法主要是为了引入文章主题。 答案：A 13．What does the underlined word “spoil” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Bee more delicious． word 文档 - 11 - / 14 B．Be preserved longer． C．Go bad． D．Bee extremely salty． 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“You'll need to make sure the brine pletely covers the food．．．”可知，腌制食物时要保证盐水完全覆盖食物。再根据 otherwise 可知，此处说的是 与之相反的情况，即如果不按要求腌制食物，结果会不好。再结合生活常识可知，此处是指 任何暴露在空气中的食物都会变质。spoil 在此处作动词，表示“变坏，变质，腐败”。 答案：C 14．Which of the following does the author probably agree with? A．If you want to make a ham, you should keep it in brine． B．If you want to make sauerkraut, you'd better pour a layer of salt and rub it． C．To keep the food longer, you should put as much salt on the food as possible． D．People needn't give up salty food pletely as long as they control the amount． 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“．．．we haven't lost our taste for salt． We don't want to give up our bacon, salami, and watermelon pickles！”可知，人们没有失去对盐 的喜爱，并不想放弃腌制的食物。再结合第四段第一句可知，人们不必放弃腌制的食物，只 要控制好盐的用量即可。故选 D 项。 答案：D 15．What's the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To explain how the ancient people preserved food． B．To tell us how salt works in preserving food． C．To persuade people to give up salty food． word 文档 - 12 - / 14 D．To introduce the way of preserving food with salt． 解析：写作意图题。文章主要介绍了盐在腌制中的作用、如何用盐保存食物以及盐的用量问 题，即作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍用盐腌制食物的方法。 答案：D Ⅱ．阅读七选五 (2021·某某中学一调)Art galleries are places in which artists can display all types of works of art, including paintings, drawings, photographs, sculptures, etc． 16 At the same time, however, each artwork must be protected from exposure to too much light since that can cause works to fade and therefore get ruined． 17 16．解析：根据下文中的“At the same time, however, each artwork must be protected from exposure to too much light”可知，然而，与此同时，每件艺术展品都需避免被过度 暴露在光线下。E 项“为了更好地改善它们的外观，展区需要有明亮的光线”与下文构成转折 关系，符合语境。故选 E。 答案：E 17．解析：上文介绍了展览馆既需要避免光线过强，又需要有明亮的光线；下文介绍了如何 确保艺术展览馆有足够的光线及如何防止光线对展品产生破坏。F 项“寻找到既有足够的光线 而又不会过于明亮的平衡点需要很好的技巧和经验”承上启下，符合语境。故选 F。 答案：F The most mon form of lighting used to light up artwork is indoor spotlights on tracks attached to the ceiling near where the work is being displayed． 18 It permits the lights to be moved more easily when the light patterns require adjusting． Recessed (嵌入的) lights in walls and ceilings can be useful so long as they are not fixed in place word 文档 - 13 - / 14 but can instead be easily moved to create ideal light patterns ． Most art gallery directors state that a bination of tracked and recessed light equipment is ideal because the tracked lights focus directly on the artwork while the recessed lights are used on the nearby walls to provide a surrounding light source． 19 18．解析：根据下文“It permits the lights to be moved more easily when the light patterns require adjusting．”可知，它可以在需要调节光模式时使移动光源变得更容易。B 项“使用追光灯是很有用的”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选 B。 答案：B 19．解析：根据上文中的“the recessed lights are used on the nearby walls to provide a surrounding light source．”可知，嵌入式的照明能给展品周围提供光源。D 项“这种光源 可以更好地改善展品周围的氛围”与上文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选 D。 答案：D How to angle the lights depends upon the height of the ceiling and the size of the artwork．Caution must be taken to avoid creating too many areas with shadows or to have the lights cause a glare on the artwork． Besides, the lights should not be bare bulbs burning directly on the artwork but should be made in some way to make the lighting softer． According to experts, low voltage (电压) bulbs are the best to use when lighting artwork． 20 Thus artwork should be placed in a room where sunlight can't directly hit it． A．It can make the displays attractive． B．Using tracked lighting is beneficial． C．Light plays a key role in art galleries． word 文档 - 14 - / 14 D．This light source can better improve the mood surrounding the work． E．To better improve their appearance, the display area needs to be well lit． F．Finding a happy medium between not enough light and too much of it requires considerable skill and experience． G ． Above all, natural light should be avoided since direct sunlight will damage artwork, particularly paintings, over time． 20．解析：根据下文“Thus artwork should be placed in a room where sunlight can't directly hit it．”可知，艺术展品需要放在太阳光不能直接照射到的房间中。G 项“最重要的 是，要避免自然光，因为直射的太阳光会慢慢地毁坏艺术品，特别是画作”与下文衔接紧密， 符合语境。故选 G。 答案：G [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了光线对艺术展览馆及其内部作品的布局产生的影 响。