必修三
Module 2
Developing and Developed Countries
(主题语境：人与社会—历史、社会与文化)
1 基础知识·全面回顾
2 考点探究·素养演练
3 课堂达标·巩固提升
1 基础知识·全面回顾
• 阅读词汇认读
• 1．income n． ________
• 2．poverty n. ________
• 3．expectancy n. ____________
• 4．vast adj. __________________________
●Ⅰ 单词分类巧记
收入
贫穷
预期数额
巨大的；庞大的；浩瀚的
• 核心词汇识记
• 1．___________vt.测定；测量；评估
• 2．____________n．位置
• 3．__________n．数字
• 4．____________n．交换
• 5．__________n.饥饿
• →__________adj.饥饿的
measure
position
figure
exchange
hunger
hungry
• 6．_______________n.发展
• →___________v.使发展；(使)成长
• →______________adj.发展中的
• →_____________adj.发达的
• 7．___________vt.教育；培养；训练
• →_____________n.教育
• 8．___________ adj.拥挤的
• →_________n.人群v.聚拢
development
develop
developing
developed
educate
education
crowded
crowd
• 9．______________n.类似；相似
• →___________adj.相似的
• →_____________adv.相似地；同样地
• 10．_______________adj.不幸的；遗憾的
• →_____________(反义词)adj.幸运的
• →___________n.运气；命运
similarity
similar
similarly
unfortunate
fortunate
fortune
• 11．____________adj.受到污染的
• →___________v.污染
• →_____________n.污染
• 12．_________________n.娱乐
• →_____________vt.使娱乐；款待
polluted
pollute
pollution
entertainment
entertain
• 用所给词的适当形式填空
• 1．In order to give her good _____________，her parents sent
her to a famous school to be ____________.(educate)
• 2．The two pictures are ___________ and it’s easy to find
many ________________ between them. _____________，you can
also find some differences.(similar)
• 3．It is ____________ to be stuck in the rain. Even
_______________，we couldn’t find anyone to help us. At last we
tried our ___________ to find a short cut. _______________we
arrived home before dark. So we were also
_____________.(fortunate)
education
educated
similar
similarities Similarly
unfortunate unfortunately
fortune
Fortunately
fortunate
• 4．Because of the heavy _____________，many people in the
town became ill because of the ____________ air they breathed
in.(pollute)
• 5．Owing to the great ___________，a great number of
__________ children died.(hungry)
• 6．With the _______________ of economy，people’s lives are
becoming better and better. However，China，as a ____________
country，is different from America，which is a _____________
one.(develop)
pollution
polluted
hunger hungry
development
developing
developed
• 1．达到；直到 _________
• 2．在……顶端 _________________
• 3．在……底部 ____________________
• 4．努力 ________________
• 5．采取措施 _________________
●Ⅱ 短语互译速记
up to
at the top of
at the bottom of
make efforts
take measures
• 6．in particular ______________
• 7．in the last ten years ______________
• 8．be connected with ________________________
• 9．be close to ______________
尤其；特别
在最近十年
与……有联系；与……有关
接近；靠近
• 选用上述短语填空
• 1．Our city has been developed into an industrial one
_________________________.
• 2．The man______________________ the murder so the
police questioned him.
• 3．As a student，we must ________________to learn more
knowledge.
in the last ten years
was connected with
make efforts
• 4．The project will create _________100 new jobs for the
graduates.
• 5．Seeing the famous singer，the fans are cheering
________________ their voices.
• 6．I want to find an apartment which _______________ my
company so that I needn’t get up so early any more.
up to
at the top of
is close to
• 1．“收入”面面观
• (1)income n．收入
• (2)pay n．报酬
• (3)salary n．(按月发的)薪水
• (4)wage n．(按小时、日、周计的)工资
• (5)pension n．养老金；退休金
• 2．“大”集合
• (1)vast adj.巨大的；庞大的
• (2)large adj.巨大的；身材高大的
• (3)big adj.大的
• (4)grand adj.盛大的
• (5)great adj.巨大的
• 3．条条大“路”
• (1)freeway n．高速公路
• (2)highway n．公路
• (3)railway n．铁路
• (4)expressway n．高速公路
• (5)railroad n．铁路
• 4．“名词＋-y变为形容词”高频词汇扫描
• (1)hunger→hungry饥饿的
• (2)anger→angry生气的
• (3)thirst→thirsty渴的
• (4)cloud→cloudy多云的
• (5)wealth→wealthy富裕的
• (6)health→healthy健康的
• 5．“努力做某事”汇总
• (1)make efforts/every effort to do sth.
• (2)try/do one’s best to do sth.
• (3)go all out to do sth.
• (4)do all that sb.can to do sth.
• (5)do what sb.can to do sth.
• 6．“在某人看来”的多种表达
• (1)in one’s opinion
• (2)in one’s view
• (3)from one’s point of view
• (4)as far as sb.be concerned
• (5)as for sb.
• 1．Norway is at the top of the list，while the US is at number
7.
• 挪威高居榜首，然而美国名列第七。
• [精析] while在此用作并列连词，表示对比或相反的情况，
意思是“然而；但是”。
• 2．However，in other regions of the world，e．g. Eastern
European，water is now mostly safe to drink.
• 然而，在世界上的其他地区，比如东欧，饮用水大部分是
安全的。
• [精析] 主语＋be＋adj.＋to do，用主动形式表被动含义。
●Ⅲ 佳句精析精练
• 3．Although more than 80% of children in developing
countries go to primary school，about 115 million children are not
being educated.
• 在发展中国家，虽然80%以上的儿童都能上小学，但仍有
约1.15亿儿童不能接受教育。
• [精析] although引导让步状语从句。
• 4．It’s an agreement between towns or cities of similar size
and age...
• 这是规模和历史相似的城市和城镇之间的一份协定……
• [精析] “of＋某些名词”可用来描述人或事物的特征。
• [句式仿写]
• 根据上述句式完成句子
• 1．一些人赞同他的计划，而其他人反对。
• Some people are for his plan
_______________________________.
• 2．在很多人看来，尽管那家公司相对来说较小，人们却能
够与之愉快合作。
• In many people’s opinion，that company，though relatively
small，is _________________________.
while others are against it
pleasant to deal with
• 3．虽然他很有钱，但并不幸福。
• He is unhappy，__________________________________.
• 4．汤姆和杰克年龄相同。
• Tom and Jack are ___________________.
although he has a lot of money
of the same age
• 连词
• 语法填空
• 1．Uncle Jim is a shy man，_______ he is not afraid of
anything or anyone.
• [解析] 句意：吉姆叔叔是个害羞的人，但他不惧怕任何人
或事。but此处为转折连词。
●Ⅳ 单元语法过关
but
• 2．There’s no way of knowing why one man makes an
important discovery _________ another man，also intelligent，
fails.
• [解析] 句意：很难理解为什么一个人会做出一项重要的发
现而另一个同样很聪明的人却没有。while并列连词，表示“然
而”。
• 3．____________________ small，the company has about
1,000 buyers in over 30 countries.
• [解析] 句意：尽管很小，这个公司在30多个国家里有大约
1 000个购买者。although/though“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
分析句子知，本句是状语从句中的省略现象。
while
Although/Though
• 4．One can always manage to do more things，___________
full one’s schedule is in life.
• [解析] 句意：一个人总是可以设法做更多的事情，不管在
生活中时间表安排得有多满。however引导让步状语从句，意为
“无论多么”，修饰后面的形容词full。
• 5．He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his son
even ______________ he wants to.
• [解析] 句意：他很忙。即使他想跟儿子在一起，他也抽不
出时间。even if/though“即使”，引导让步状语从句。
however
if/though
2 考点探究·素养演练
1．measure vt.测定；测量；评估 vi.某物有……长(或宽、高等)
n．尺寸；措施
激活知识 语法填空
①The number of them is less than 1,000，so I hope you can take some
effective measures ______________ (protect)them.
②The new bridge under construction，_____________(measure) twice
as long as the old one，is due to be completed next month.
to protect
measuring
• (1)be measured by/in... 用……来衡量
• (2)make... to one’s measure 按某人的尺寸做……
• take measures(to do sth.) 采取措施(做某事)
• 注意：
• (1)measure表示“措施”时，常用其复数形式。
• (2)measure“某物有……长(宽、高等)”时，为不及物动词，
其后接表示事物长(宽、高等)的名词，不用于被动语态和进行
时态；如果此意义的短语作后置定语，要用现在分词的形式。
归纳拓展
• 能力提升 根据汉语提示完成片断
• Much to my sadness，I have to wear the coats made
①_____________________(按照自己的尺寸)because I’m getting
fatter nowadays.Although I know beauty shouldn’t
②_________________ (以……来衡量)a good shape，it’s time for
me to ③___________________________ (采取措施减肥)．
to my own measure
be measured by
take measures to lose weight
2．position n．位置；姿势；地位；职务；职位
激活知识 完成句子
①At present she _________________________ company manager.
她现任公司经理。
翻译句子
②If you were in my position，you would have sympathy for those poor
children.
译：_________________________________________________
holds the position of
如果你身在我的处境，你也会同情那些可怜的孩子。
• in a(n)... position 处于……地位/位置
• in/out of position在/不在恰当的位置
• be in a position to do sth.(因有能力、金钱或权力而)能做某事
• hold the position of...担任……职位
• take up (one’s) position就位
• 提示：当position后跟定语从句且position在从句中作状语时，
引导词应用where.
归纳拓展
• 能力提升 语法填空
• ①When I know all the facts，I’ll be in a position
_____________ (advise)you.
• ②Sales director is a position _________ communication is just
as important as sales skills.
to advise
where
3．figure n．数字；图形；人物；身材 vt.计算；认为；描绘
激活知识 观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义
①(2020·天津高考)She realized she looked like a child，with her tiny
figure.
(________)
②(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as
close to it as I am to my dogs.
(________)
身材
认为
• ③(2017·江苏高考)Indeed official figures suggest the country
has shrunk by 5% since 1993.
• (________)
• ④She was frightened to see a figure in the dark.
• (________)
• ⑤He was one of the greatest figures in history.
• (________)
数字
人影
人物
导图助记
图解助记
• 能力提升 语法填空
• ①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)When you were trying to figure _______
what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list，fur
probably didn’t cross your mind.
• ②Every woman wants _____ slim figure these days，
especially here in the cities.
out
a
4．exchange n．& vt.交换
激活知识 完成句子
①You can ____________ your currency _______ dollars in the hotel.
你可在旅馆把你的钱兑换成美元。
②Would you like my old TV ___________________this camera?
用我的旧电视机换这架照相机，你愿意吗？
exchange for
in exchange for
导图助记
• 提示：change sb./sth. for sb./sth.与exchange含义接近，不可
相混，是“替换或代替某人/物”之意。exchange sth. with sb.指
“两个人交换某物”。
图解助记
• 能力提升 介词填空
• ①I exchanged seats ________ Bill.
• ②He gave me an apple ______ exchange for a piece of cake.
with
in
5．make efforts 努力
激活知识 完成句子
①We must ________________ to translate our ideal into reality.
我们必须努力把理想变成现实。
②Bear in mind that you should __________________ to study English.
记住，你应该努力学习英语。
make efforts
make an effort
归纳拓展
• 能力提升 语法填空
• ①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Queensland Rail makes every effort
_____________ (ensure) trains run as scheduled.
• ②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)The environmental challenges are
significant but the efforts ________(make)by the Tanzania National
Park Authority seem to be paying off.
• ③(江苏高考)More efforts，as reported，
________________(make)in the years ahead to accelerate the
supply-side structural reform.
to ensure
made
will be made
6．up to到……为止；达到；直到；高达(程度)；由……决定；忙于；胜
任
激活知识 观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义
①(2020·新全国卷Ⅰ)Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention
winners who will each receive a T－shirt in memory of Earhart’s final
flight.
(________)
②Up to now，he has finished the work.
(____________)
达到
到……为止
• ③He isn’t up to the position.
• (________)
• ④What have you been up to recently？
• (________)
• ⑤It’s up to you to decide where we go.
• (____________)
胜任
忙于
由……决定
• It’s up to sb. to do sth.由某人决定做某事。
• It is up to you.由你来决定。
• up to date 最新的；时髦的
归纳拓展
• 能力提升 完成句子
• ①I believe I am ______________________(胜任这个职
位)since I’m good at English and computer.
• ②God gives us the gift of life；it’s _______________(取决于
我们)give ourselves the gift of living well.
up to the position
up to us to
7．Norway is at the top of the list，while the US is at number 7.
挪威高居榜首，然而美国名列第七。
激活知识 观察句子，写出下面黑体部分的含义
①(2020·天津高考)Has it been a while since your last visit to a public
library？
(__________)一会儿
• ②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)While I tend to buy a lot of books，these
three were given to me as gifts.
• (________)
• ③(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Stories were like air to me and while other
kids played ball or went to parties，I lived out adventures through
the books I checked out from the library.
• (____________)
尽管
当……时候
• ④(2019·北京高考)Some students don’t have a reliable car，
while others have to share vehicles with parents who work six days
a week.
• (________)
然而
导图助记
• 能力提升 完成句子
• ①She is fat，_____________________________.
• 她很胖而她的丈夫很瘦。
• ②He sat _______________，thinking about what Janice had
said to him.
• 他坐了一会儿，想着贾妮丝跟他说过的话。
while her husband is thin
for a while
8．It’s an agreement between towns or cities of similar size and age...
这是规模和历史相似的城市和城镇之间的一份协定……
激活知识 翻译句子
①The two children are of the same age，but are of different height.
译：___________________________________
完成句子
②The book he gave me is _________________________________.
他给我的这本书很有价值。
这两个孩子年龄相同，但身高不同。
very valuable/of great value
归纳拓展
• 2)还有些抽象名词没有相应的形容词形式，只能用“be＋of
＋n.” 结构。
• be of the same
size/weight/height/depth/length/age/colour/shape/kind/ type
• 注意：“be＋of＋n.”结构的否定形式一般为“be＋of＋no
＋n.”。
• 能力提升 句型转换
• ①This question is very important.
• →This question is _______________________.
• ②This dictionary is not helpful to English beginners.
• →This dictionary is ______________ to English beginners.
• ③This pair of shoes is not the same in size.
• →This pair of shoes is not ____________________.
of great importance
of no help
of the same size
3 课堂达标·巩固提升
• Ⅰ.单句语法填空
• 1．Instead of sharing information that’s far too difficult to
understand，he figures _______ what your problems are and finds
out a way to fix them.
• 2．Parents should pay more attention to the mental
_______________ (develop) of their children.
• 3．In my opinion，the film last night is not just an
_________________ (entertain)．It’s a film with a message.
out
development
entertainment
• 4．His super hybrid rice has helped many people get rid of
__________ (hungry)．
• 5．In the early morning all of us stood at _______ top of the
mountain to the east of the city，watching a burning sun rising.
• 6．This company has launched several types of cars this year，
and one ______ particular appeals to the young.
• 7．The new supermarket was once close to ___________
(close) down. But since the underground was opened，business has
been picking up.
hunger
the
in
closing
• 8．We must make every effort ___________ (turn) our dreams
into reality.
• 9．What is known to all is that effective ____________
(measure) should be taken to deal with the problem of the over-
exploitation of our resources.
• 10．This machine is very easy ______________
(operate)．Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
to turn
measures
to operate
• Ⅱ.单句改错
• 1．There are such many children in Africa who don’t have
enough to eat.
• ____________
• 2．I like swimming when my brother enjoys cooking.
• _______________
• 3．Reading is a good habit. Stick to it and you’ll make a great
progress.
• _______________
such→so
when→while
去掉第二个a
• 4．We’ll make greater effort to complete the project before the
New Year’s coming.
• ___________________________________
• 5．We study in a classroom，measured 30 feet long and 20 feet
wide.
• _______________________
• 6．Make sure that all the children have education up the age of
11.
• ____________
effort→efforts或greater前面加a
measured→measuring
up后加to
• 7．In recent years，he had been to the UK twice.
• ____________
• 8．Although I believe it，but I will not act now.
• ___________
• 9．He was one of the leading figure of this century.
• ___________________
• 10．The meeting he attended is of great important.
• _________________________
had→has
去掉but
figure→figures
important→importance
• Ⅲ.教材衔接高考
• 根据课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号
内单词的正确形式。
• One of the most important sections of the Human Development
Report is the Human Development Index.The Index
1._____________(measure)a country’s achievements in three ways：
life expectancy，education and income.The index has some
2._____________(surprise)．Norway is at the top of the list，
3._________the US is at number 7.The bottom ten countries are all
African countries.
measures
surprises
while
• China is 4.______the middle of the list.It is one of the examples
of successful 5._______________(develop)．China increased life
expectancy 6.______13 years.In the last ten years in China,150
million people moved out of 7.___________(poor)．However，a
great many people in developing countries are
8.__________(hunger)．Over half of these are in South Asia or
Africa.In developing countries about 115 million children are not
being 9.____________(educate)，and more than 1 billion people do
not have safe water to drink，so the report suggests that we should
make greater 10. ___________(effort)in the future.
in
development
by
poverty
hungry
educated
efforts
• Ⅳ.话题延伸写作
• 写作素材(关于贫困家庭)
• 1．如今，这个城市多达10%的人生活在贫穷中。
• 2．他们强烈渴望过上更好的生活。
• 3．政府正积极采取措施来帮助他们。
• 4．为了确保所有孩子都接受教育，政府需要发展教育。
• 5．随着经济的发展，所有人将过上幸福的生活。
• 提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用take
measures to do，with the development of等结构。
• 连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
• ___________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
____________________________
• 参考范文
• Nowadays，up to 10% of the population in this city live in
poverty. They have a strong hunger for a better life. The
government is actively taking measures to help them. To make sure
that all the children are educated，the government need to develop
education. With the development of economy，all the people will
live a happy life.
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