必修二
Unit 3 Computers
1 必备知识·盘点夯基
2 核心素养·精讲层练
3 高效演练·素能提升
1 必备知识·盘点夯基
Ⅰ．单词立体巧记
anyhow
reality
signal
arise
character
calculate
goal
type
technology
sum
reality
Anyhow
character
signals
arose
types
simplify
simple
operator
operate
operation
logical
logically
technology
technological
solve
solution
intelligence
intelligent
personal
personally
personality
total
totally
application
apply
applicant
finance
financial
explore
explorer
exploration
appearance
appear
happiness
happy
applicant apply
application
solve
solution
personal Personally
total
totally
intelligent
appeared
appearance
simplify
simple
联想积累：
1．长相虽相似，不是亲兄弟
①signal n. 信号
②single adj. 单个的；单身的
③sigh v. 叹息
④sign n. 迹象；符号
⑤sight n. 视力；情景
2．ABC式过去式、过去分词变化
①arise →arose →arisen
②drive →drove →driven
③rise →rose →risen
④write →wrote →written
3．以“-ify”结尾的动词荟萃
①simplify 简化
②beautify 美化
③purify 净化
④identify 鉴定；识别出
⑤classify 分类；致谢；感谢
Ⅱ．短语语境助记
from...on
as a result
so...that...
in a way
with the help of
deal with
watch over
have sth. in common
make up for
after all
share...with...
provide...for...
deal with
In a way
from then on
With the help of
watch over
After all
As a result
make up for
Ⅲ．句式运用速记
so significant/
important that
As time was approaching
By the time he returned home
had stopped
2 核心素养·精讲层练
solution n. 解决办法；处理手段
(1)solve a problem 解决一个问题
(2)a solution to… ……的解决方法
1．solve vt. 解决；解答
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(天津卷)One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons
why this problem could not __________ (solve).
②We are supposed to come up with a __________ (solve) to stop people
looking down at their mobile phones while driving cars.
③With most of the problems ________ (solve), I felt a great weight
taken off my mind.
be solved
solution
solved
提能—单句写作。
④(安徽卷书面表达)Everybody will meet such a problem like you.
_____________________________ and my suggestions are as follows.
每个人都会遇到像你这样的问题。如何解决这个问题非常重要，这
里有一些建议。
How to solve it is very important
2．signal vt. & vi. 发信号；发暗号；示意 n. 信号；暗号；信号灯
(1)signal (to) sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事
signal (to sb. )that… 示意(某人)……
(2)a traffic signal 交通信号
send out a signal发出信号
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2019·北京卷)The change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the
early warning _________ (signal) that we really have changed our planet.
②The police __________ (signal)(to)the driver to stop his car by raising
his hand.
signals
signaled
提能—句式升级。
③The bell rang, and signaled that school was over.
→The bell rang, ________________________________. (非限制性定
语从句)
→The bell rang, ____________________________. (分词作状语)
which signaled that school was over
signaling that school was over
3．arise vi. (arose, arisen)出现；发生；起身；起床
(1)arise表示“出现；发生”之意时，其主语多为problem, argument,
quarrel, danger, movement, question等抽象名词，多指不好的事情发生或
出现。
(2)arise from/out of由……而引起；由……而产生；从……中产生。
夯基—写出下列句中arise的含义。
①Seeing his mother return home, the boy arose from his chair
immediately.
______
②(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Below are some common do’s and don’ts for online
learners. While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other
situations that can arise.
______
起身
出现
③They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park.
______
④As is known to all, emotional or mental problems can arise from a
physical cause.
______
起床
产生
提能—单句写作。
开车时你越小心越好。事故往往是由疏忽大意造成的。
⑤You can’t be too careful while driving. Accidents often ___________
carelessness.
arise from
4．as a result 结果(单独使用，不接任何词，其后常有标点)
as a result of… 由于……结果(短语介词，接名词、代词或 v-ing形
式)
result from(接原因)起因于；由……造成
result in(接结果)导致
夯基—单句语法填空。
①I had a headache; as ___ result, I called him and asked for sick leave.
②We have to put off the sports meeting as a result ____ rain.
③(2019·北京)Positive thinking and action result ____ success.
a
of
in
提能—一句多译。
普遍认为他是因为过度的劳累而得了疾病。(result)
④It’s generally believed that his illness ______________ the overfull
tiredness.
⑤It’s generally believed that the overfull tiredness ____________ his
illness.
⑥It’s generally believed that he suffered from illness _____________
the overfull tiredness.
resulted from
resulted in
as a result of
5．in a way在某种程度上
in the way 妨碍
on the way (to… ) 在(去……)途中；即将到来
by the way 顺便说(问)
all the way一路上；自始至终；完全
in no way 绝不
in this way 这样；通过这种方式
“在某种程度上”表达方式还有：to some extent, to a certain degree,
in some degree/ways, in a sense
夯基—选用way短语填空。
①________ I can see what you mean, even though I don’t share your
point of view.
②Her social life got __________ of her studies.
③_________ can theory be separated from practice.
④The storm is __________.
In a way
in the way
In no way
on the way
提能—单句写作。
⑤ ____________________________ to be independent and become
truly successful.
只有用这种方式他们才能独立成长、真正成功。
Only in this way can they grow up
6．watch over 看守；监视；照看
(1)watch for 盼望或等待某事物
watch out 小心＝(be careful＝take care)
watch out for(＝look out for)提防
watch oneself 小心谨慎
watch one’s figure注意体形
(2)watch one’s step当心别摔跤
keep a watch on监视
be on the watch for注意；小心；警惕
on/off watch在/不在值班
夯基—单句语法填空。
①The mother was watching ______ her sick baby most of the time last
night.
②The police warned holidaymakers to be ____ the watch for car thieves.
提能—单句写作。
③在携枪警卫的监视下，这名犯人被带上了警车。
_____________________________ ，the prisoner was taken into the
police car.
over
on
Watched over by guards with guns
7．deal with处理；对付；论述；论及；与……打交道，做买卖
(1)do with处理；对付；安排
handle sth. 处理某事
(2)deal in sth. 做……生意；经营；买卖
(3)make a deal达成协议；做成交易
It’s a deal. 成交。/一言为定。
(4)a great/good deal of许多；大量(后接不可数名词)
a great/good deal许多；大量(用作主语、宾语或状语)
(1)deal with意为“处理；对待；对付；涉及；与……交易”等众多
含义，其中的deal为不及物动词，常与疑问副词how连用；
(2)在do with短语中，do为及物动词，表示“如何处理，对待”时，
要与疑问代词what连用。
夯基—写出下列句中deal with的含义。
①(2019·浙江卷写作)The principle for dealing with praise is to consider
the link between praise and effort.
______
②She is used to dealing with all kinds of people in her job.
____________________
处理
与……打交道；对付
③Her poems often deal with the subject of death.
____________
④Most travel agents do not deal directly with these companies.
______________
涉及；关于
和……做生意
夯基—单句语法填空。
⑤(2017·天津卷) _____ should you deal with the problem caused by an
offensive email?
⑥We don’t know ______ to do with the waste paper.
⑦A great deal of money ______________ (spend) on food so far.
提能—单句写作。
⑧(2018·北京卷)普通肥皂，运用得当，也可有效应付细菌。
Ordinary soap, __________________________________________.
How
what
has been spent
used correctly，can deal with bacteria effectively
as意为“随着”，引导时间状语从句。
8．As time went by, I was made smaller.
随着时间的推移，我被做得更小了。
(1)“当……时候；一边……一边……；随着”，引导时间状语从
句。
(2)“按照……的方式(办法)；如同……”，引导方式状语从句。
(3)“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句。
(4)“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
(5)引导比较状语从句，常用于as… as… 句型，意为“像……一
样……”(第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词)。
注意：
(1)当as引导让步状语从句时，从句使用部分倒装，即将形容词、副
词、名词、动词等放于as前后；单数可数名词提前时应该省掉冠词。
(2)with意为“随着”时是介词，后接名词或代词等构成with短语或
with复合结构。
夯基—完成句子。
①As time went on/by, he contented himself with a simple life.
＝_____________________，he contented himself with a simple life.
随着时间的流逝，他满足于过简朴的生活。
②________________________________ ，I didn’t reply to your email
as soon as I received it.
因为我正忙着准备考试，我没有一收到电子邮件就给你回复。
With time going on/by
As I was busy preparing for my exam
③He did not need to keep moving house, ________________.
他不用像他父亲那样不停地搬家了。
④Child ________ ，he knows how to help others.
他虽是个孩子，却知道如何帮助别人。
⑤Being a mother isn’t _________________ at first!
做一位母亲并不像我当初想的那样糟！
as his father had
as he is
as bad as I thought
提能—一句多译。
随着时间的推移，我逐渐适应了学校生活。
⑥As time ________，I gradually adapted myself to the school life.
⑦With time _________，I gradually adapted myself to the school life.
went by
going by
so … that … “如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。
(1)so … that … 句型的主要结构有：
①so＋adj. /adv. ＋that …
②so＋adj. ＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋that …
③so＋ many/much/little(少的)/few＋n. ＋that …
9．And my memory became so large that even I couldn’t believe it!
我的存储量变得如此之大，甚至连我自己都不能相信！
(2)such … that … 句型的主要结构有：
①such＋adj. ＋不可数名词＋that …
②such＋a/an＋adj. ＋单数可数名词＋that …
③such＋adj. ＋可数名词复数＋that …
(3)so，such和修饰的成分置于句首时，主句常用倒装语序
夯基—单句语法填空。
①There were ____ many books in the bookstore that I didn’t know
which one to choose.
②(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)On our way to the house, it was raining ____ hard
that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take to get there.
so
so
③As can be seen from the picture, a boy is burdened with ______ heavy
homework that it seems as if he can hardly bear it any more.
④(2018·江苏卷书面表达)Everyone is faced with ______ wonderful
products every day that they find they are difficult to choose from.
such
such
提能—句式升级。
⑤(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)The volleyball match is so significant that
everyone should arrive at our school stadium ahead of schedule.
→_______________________________________ everyone should
arrive at our school stadium ahead of schedule. (倒装)
So significant is the volleyball match that
提能—一句多译。
这本书如此有趣，我们班所有的学生都想读。
⑥This book is ___________________ all the students in our class want
to read it.
⑦This is _______________________ that all the students in our class
want to read it.
so interesting that
such an interesting book
⑧This is ____________________ that all the students in our class want
to read it.
⑨_________________ the book that all the students in our class want to
read it.
so interesting a book
So interesting is
3 高效演练·素能提升
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason ________
you reach any decision.
解析：考查连词与状语从句。句意：在做任何决定前，你一定要学
会考虑自己的感觉与理智。before“在……之前”，引导时间状语从
句，符合题意。故填before。
before
2．Brushing straight after a meal may damage the top of your teeth；
____ a result, you may feel pain when eating.
解析：考查固定短语。句意：饭后立即刷牙会对牙齿表层造成伤
害，结果是吃饭时会感到疼痛。as a result“结果”。故填as。
3．Many difficulties have ________ (arise) as a result of the change
over to a new type of fuel.
解析：考查动词形式。句意：由于换成了一种新型燃料，许多困难
出现了。arise意为“出现，产生”，此处为过去分词，故填arisen。
as
arisen
4．Could you tell me how to deal ______ these problems so that I will
be able to adapt to the life in Guiyang?
解析：考查固语短语。句意：你能告诉我为了适应贵阳的生活，我
应该如何应对这些问题吗？deal with“处理，应对”，和how连用。故填
介词with。
with
5．The mother thanked the young man again and again, without
_______ help her son would have been killed by the passing car.
解析：考查定语从句关系词。句意：妈妈一遍又一遍的感谢那个年
轻人，要不是他的帮助，她的儿子会被这个路过的车撞死。后面定语从
句中，缺少定语，故用关系代词whose。
6．He made ______ little progress ______ his parents felt disappointed.
解析：考查结果状语从句。中心词是名词，little“小的”，所以用
such，后面句子中不缺少成分，不能用as而只能用that。故填such；
that。
whose
such that
7．So much work did we have to do ______ we were so exhausted.
解析：由语境可知，本题考查“so… that… ”句型。句意：我们要做
的工作如此多以至于我们都精疲力竭。故填that。
8．(天津卷，7改编) ____ the average age of the population increases,
there are more and more old people to care for.
解析：考查连词。句意：随着人口平均年龄的增长，越来越多的老
人需要照顾。
that
As
9．—Why do you look so worried?
—My computer broke down and my essay _____________ (leave)
unfinished since.
解析：考查动词时态和语态。句意：——为什么你看起来如此着急
呢？——我的电脑坏了，而且我的论文还没有完成。根据题干中的时间
状语词since可知，此处应用现在完成时，而且主语my essay和谓语动词
之间是动宾关系。故填has been left。
has been left
10．Misunderstandings _________ (arise) from lack of social
communication, unless _________ (handle) properly, may lead to serious
problems.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：由于缺乏社会交流而造成的误解，
如 果 得 不 到 恰 当 的 处 理 ， 可 能 会 导 致 严 重 的 问 题 。 第 一 空 ，
misunderstandings和arise为逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用arise的现在分词形
式作定语，arise from意为“由……产生”。第二空，handle和
misunderstandings为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用handle的过去分词形式作
状语，故填arising；handled。
arising
handled
11．(2020·新高考卷完形)His efforts have resulted ____ 1,360 acres of
naturally-grown land that has become home ____ many plants and animals.
解析：考查介词。句意：他的努力使1 360英亩的自然生长土地成为
许多植物和动物的家园。result in“导致”；home to… “是……的家
园”。故填介词in；to。
in
to
12．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ阅读)The best books are the ones that open further
____ time passes.
解析：考查连词。句意：最好的书是那些随着时间的推移还翻开的
书。as引导时间状语从句，意为“随着；一边……一边……”。故填
as。
as
13．While intelligent people can often __________ (simple) the
complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.
解析：考查词性转换。根据while可知，前后句是转折关系。句意：
聪明的人可以简化复杂的事情，愚蠢的人使简单的事情复杂化。
simplify“简化”。故填作谓语动词simplify。
simplify
14．John thinks it won’t be long ________ he is ready for his new job.
解析：考查固定句型。句意：John认为用不了多久他就会为自己的
新工作做好准备。It won’t be long before… 是个固定句型，意为“用不了
多久就……”。故填before。
15．Jenny nearly missed the flight as a result ____ doing too much
shopping.
解析：考查介词。句意：由于购物太多，珍妮差点误了航班。as a
result of“由于……的结果”。故填of。
before
of
Ⅱ．单句改错
1．The number of road accident deaths arise from those accidents has
increased over the past years.
________________
2．Although they come from total different cultures, they get along well
with each other.
________________
arise →arising
total →totally
3．I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was
left.
__________
4．By the time he died in 1227, he created an empire that stretched from
the Pacific coast to the Caspian Sea.
___________
去掉much
he后加had
5．Personal，I think the best present is not necessarily the most
expensive one.
______________________
6．They helped each other in studies and as the result they made great
progress and became good friends.
________
Personal →Personally
the →a
Ⅲ．单句写作
1．说实话，我对如何解决这个问题感到困惑。(solve)
_______________________________________________
2．会议结束了，他示意该走了。(signal)
_____________________________________________________
To be honest，I’m at a loss how to solve the problem.
The meeting was over; he signaled that it was time to leave.
3．随着社会的快速发展，我们发现和老同学聚会太难了。
(1)_______________________________________________________
_________________ (as)
(2)_______________________________________________________
_____________________ (with)
As the society develops rapidly，we find it hard to get together with
our old classmates.
With the society developing rapidly，we find it hard to get together
with our old classmates.
4．因为越来越多的汽车，空气质量变得越来越糟。(result)
(1)_______________________________________________________
_________________
(2)_______________________________________________________
_________
(3)________________________________________________________
(4)________________________________________________________
__________
There are more and more cars. As a result，air quality is getting
worse and worse.
As a result of more and more cars，air quality is getting worse and
worse.
More and more cars result in air quality’s getting worse and worse.
That air quality is getting worse and worse results from more and
more cars.
5．天气非常寒冷，以至于街上没有人可以求助。
(1)________________________________________________________
_______ (so)
(2)________________________________________________________
_______. (such)
(3)________________________________________________________
_________ (such倒装句)
(4)________________________________________________________
_______ (so倒装句)
It was so cold a day that there was nobody on the street to turn to for
help.
It was such a cold day that there was nobody on the street to turn to
for help
Such a cold day was it that there was nobody on the street to turn to
for help.
So cold a day was it that there was nobody on the street to turn to for
help.
Ⅳ．语篇填空
The history of computers began in 1642 in France. They were first built
only as 1._____________ (calculate) machines, and it took nearly two
hundred years 2.________ it was built as an analytical machine that could
“think” 3.___________ (logic) and produce an answer quicker than any
person. Still later, 4._____ “universal machine” was built to solve
mathematical problems, 5._______ made computers huge!
calculating
before
logically
the
which
As the years 6.______(go) by, computers were made smaller, quicker
7._____ cleverer. Later, computers were connected by a network and brought
into common people's homes to deal 8.______ information and help
communication between people around the world. Since 9._______ (they)
birth, computers have always 10.______________ (design) to serve the
human race. Now many people think it's impossible to live without
computers!
went
and
with
their
been designed
Ⅴ．话题写作
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
某英文报社正在举办主题为“畅想未来”的科技创意征文大赛。请
你以“________ in the Future”为题写一篇英文短文，从功能、用途两个
方面描述日常生活中某件物品的未来。
补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①现有的家庭机器人已经研发得很好，能解决各种家务活。(现在完
成时的被动语态)
The existing home robots ___________________ very perfectly, so
____________________________________.
②随着科技的快速发展，新型的家庭机器人将会出现。
__________________________________________________________
_____________
have been developed
they can deal with all kinds of housework
As science and technology develop rapidly，new types of home robots will
arise.
③人们会探索出未来的家庭机器人的更多新的用途，比如看护老人
和婴儿。
___________________________________ for the future home robots,
such as ____________________________________.
④在科学家的帮助下，他们会变得越来越智慧。
__________________________________________________________
Many new applications will be explored
watching over elderly people and babies
With the help of scientists，they will become more and more intelligent.
⑤他们不仅能用任何语言和我们交流，也能在我们沮丧的时候讲笑
话逗我们开心。
They can not only communicate with us in any language but _________
________________________________________________.
⑥将来家庭机器人将在我们的生活中发挥重要的作用。
_________________________________________________________
can also
share funny stories with us to make us happy if we are upset
Home robots in the future will play an important part in our life.
升级平淡句
1．利用so… that… 引导的状语从句升级句①
__________________________________________________________
_________________________________
2．利用倒装句式升级句⑤
__________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
The existing home robots have been developed so perfectly that they can deal
with all kinds of housework.
Not only can they communicate with us in any language but they can also
share funny stories with us to make us happy if we are upset.
衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：what’s more，
however，as a result，in a way，anyhow等)
_____________________________
__________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Home Robots in the Future
The existing home robots have been developed so perfectly that they can
deal with all kinds of housework. However, as science and technology
develop rapidly, new types of home robots will arise.
__________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
In a way, many new applications will be explored for the future home
robots, such as watching over elderly people and babies. What’s more, with
the help of scientists, they will become more and more intelligent. As a result,
not only can they communicate with us in any language but they can also
share funny stories with us to make us happy if we are upset. Anyhow, home
robots in the future will play an important part in our life.
您好，谢谢观看！
谢谢观看
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