必修四
Unit 1 Women of achievement
1 必备知识·盘点夯基
2 核心素养·精讲层练
3 高效演练·素能提升
1 必备知识·盘点夯基
Ⅰ．单词立体巧记
respect
support
deliver
campaign
worthwhile
childhood
crowd
audience
generation
observe
worthwhile
generation
observe
childhood
to deliver
respected
support
are crowded
achievement
achieve
connection
connect
organization
organize
behave
behaviour
observe
observation
argue
argument
inspire
inspired
inspiring
inspiration
refer
reference
sickness
sick
intend
intention
considerate
consider
consideration
considering
achieve
achievement
behaved
behaviour
intention
intended
inspiring inspired
inspiration
argued
argument argued
considerate consideration
1．“鼓舞；激励”动词家族
①inspire 鼓舞；激发
②encourage 鼓励；激励
③motivate 激发；激励
④stimulate 鼓舞；激励
2．后缀-ation 高频名词集锦
①inspiration 鼓舞；灵感
②consideration 考虑
③celebration 庆祝；庆典
④appreciation 欣赏；感激
3．可加-able或-ful构成形容词的单词
①respect→respectable 可敬的→respectful 恭敬的
②forget→forgettable 易被忘记的→forgetful 健忘的
③regret→regrettable 可惜的→regretful 遗憾的
④use→usable可用的 →useful有用的；有益的
Ⅱ．短语语境助记
move off
lead/live a ...life
crowd in
look down upon/on
refer to
by chance
come across
carry on
devote...to...
work out
crowd in
carry on
looking down upon/on
by chance
refer to
comes across
Ⅲ．句式运用速记
can you behave properly
Once you decide to take part in
It suddenly hit him that
2 核心素养·精讲层练
behavio(u)r n. 举止；行为
1．behave vi. & vt. 举动；(举止或行为)表现
(1)behave oneself守规矩；举止有礼
behave well/badly to/towards sb. 对某人好/差
(2)well-behaved adj. 表现好的
badly-behaved adj. 表现差的
(3)mind one’s behavior注意某人举止
夯基—单句语法填空。
①Personally, it is completely wrong of him to behave with such an
attitude ____________ others and life.
②Students should be encouraged to develop good habits and behave
____________ (they).
to/towards
themselves
提能—单句写作。
③(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)就我个人而言，我们大家都应该注意公
共场所的举止。
As far as I’m concerned, all of us should ______________________
_____________.
mind our behaviour in
public places
observation n. 观察；观测
observatory n. 天文台；气象台
2．observe vt. 观测；观察；遵守；庆祝
(1)observe sb. do sth. 观察到某人做了某事(强调动作的全过程)
observe sb. doing sth. 观察到某人在做某事(强调动作正在进行)
observe that … 观察到……
(2)observe the speed limit/local customs 遵守时速限制规定/当地的风
俗
(3)observe Christmas Day庆祝圣诞节
under observation在监视下；受观察
在被动语态中，observe后充当补足语的不带to的动词不定式中的to
要还原出来，即sb. /sth. is observed to do sth. 。
He observed someone open the door.
→Someone is observed to open the door.
他注意到有人打开了门。
各种“看”之口诀
看场电影用see，读书、看报用read；电视、戏剧和比赛，凡是表演
用watch；observe细观察；一时注意notice。
夯基—写出下列句中observe的含义。
①Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe the
traditional customs.
______
②It is a tradition for the people here to observe the Spring Festival.
______
遵守
庆祝
③(2019·天津卷)We can observe that artificial inteligence has already
made an impact on our lives in many ways.
______
④The thief was observed to open the window and run away.
________
观察
注意到
提能—单句写作。
⑤(江苏书面表达)In a word, there are so many disadvantages of Internet
voting that it is not worth trusting. Therefore, rules _________________
_____________________.
总之，网上投票有很多缺点，不值得信任。因此，应该制定规则并
严格遵守。
should be worked
out and strictly observed
3．respect vt. 尊敬；尊重 n. 敬意；方面
(1)respect sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而尊重某人
(2)show/have respect for… 尊重……
give/send one’s respect to sb. 问候某人
out of respect for sb. 出于对某人的尊敬
(3)in respect of＝ with respect to 就……而言；关于；至于
in the respect/in some respects在这方面/在某些方面
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)In China, we attach great importance to
____________ (respect) the elderly.
夯基—完成句子。
②Chinese children grow up with warnings not to waste a single grain of
rice, _______________________________ (出于对农民劳动的尊重).
respecting
out of respect for farmers’ labor
提能—熟词生义。
③China is developing very rapidly in all respects and we’re all proud of
our motherland.
______ 方面
夯基—单句改错。
④Chinese children grow up with warnings not to waste a single grain of
rice, out of the respect for farmers’ labor.
_________
⑤With respect of your other suggestions, I am not yet able to tell you
our decision.
__________
去掉the
With →In
提能—词汇转换/句式升级。
⑥We respect our English teacher. Her modesty and good behaviour
make a deep impression on us.
→We ________________ our English teacher _____________________
__________________________________. (respect n. ；升级为定语从句)
show respect for whose modesty and good
behaviour make a deep impression on us
argument n. 争论；论据
4．argue vi. & vt. 讨论；辩论
(1)argue with sb. about/over sth. 同某人争论某事
argue for/against sth. 据理力争/反对某事
argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事
argue that … 主张……；认为……
(2)beyond argument 无可争论
表示“说服……做……”的其他表达形式还有：
①persuade sb. to do sth.
②persuade sb. into doing sth.
③convince sb. to do sth.
④talk sb. into doing sth.
夯基—单句语法填空。
①How I regretted arguing ______ her about the important question,
which made both of us unhappy.
②After a long time of discussion they accepted the agreement without
__________ (argue).
with
argument
提能—一句多译。
我们想方设法劝说他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳的。
③We tried many ways _________________________ our advice, but in
vain. (argue)
④We tried many ways _______________________ our advice, but in
vain. (persuade)
⑤We tried many ways ________________________ our advice, but in
vain. (talk)
to argue him into following
to persuade him to follow
to talk him into following
supporter n. 支持者
suportive adj. 同情的；支持的
5．support vt. & n. 支持；拥护；赡养
(1)support a family 赡养家庭
support sb. in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事方面支持某人
support oneself 自力更生
(2)in support of sb. /sth. 支持或支援某人/某物
with one’s support 在某人的支持下
夯基—单句语法填空。
①The government ___________ (support) the unions in their demand
for a minimum wage.
②______ his wife’s support, Mr. Wang contributed a lot of money to the
people in the stricken area.
supported
With
③His suggestions put forward at the meeting _______________ by his
____________. (support)
④(2017·天津卷)He is always ____________ (support). Whenever she is
in trouble, he is there for her.
were supported
supporters
supportive
提能—熟词生义。
⑤Can you give some examples to support your argument?
______
提能—单句写作。
⑥(2019·天津卷)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents’
opinion ___________________________.
汤姆很独立，除非他想得到父母的支持，否则他从不征求父母的意
见。
证实
unless he wants their support
intention n. 目的；意图
(1)intend doing/to do sth. 打算做某事
intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
be intended to do sth. /for sth. 专门为……；专门给……
had intended to do sth. (＝intend to have done)原来打算做某事
(2)with the intention of抱有……的目的/打算
6．intend vt. 打算；计划
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(北京卷书面表达)I’m writing to tell you my exciting plan for the
summer holiday. I intend ________________ (join) the Dragon Boat Training
Camp.
②The school being built at present is said to be intended _____ the
disabled children.
③This program was set up with an ___________ (intend) of providing
help to homeless people.
to join/joining
for
intention
提能—一句多译。
(2018·北京卷书面表达)这所大学以其面向国际学生的语言和文化课
程而闻名。
④The university is known for its language and culture courses
__________________________________________. (定语从句)
⑤The university is known for its language and culture courses
__________________________________. (分词作定语)
which are intended for international students
intended for international students
delivery n. 投递；送货；分娩；讲演
7．deliver vt. 递送；生(小孩儿)；接生；发表(演说等)
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(牛津高阶)Please pay for goods on __________ (deliver).
提能—完成句子。
②(天津高考)His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying
out the garbage and ______________________.
他的父母总是让他给花园锄草、将生活垃圾携带出去和分发报纸。
delivery
delivering newspapers
③If you decide to ________________，please make it brief.
如果你要发表演讲，请讲简短一点。
④It was lucky that she ________________ a healthy baby.
幸运的是，她生下了一个健康的婴儿。
deliver a speech
was delivered of
8．refer to谈到，提到；参考，查阅；指的是
(1)refer to 查阅/参考
refer to … as … 把……当作……
(2)reference n. 言及；提及；参考；查阅
in/with reference to 关于
reference books参考书
When I meet new words I don’t know, I often refer to/consult the
dictionary. If you don’t know a word, you can look the word up in a
dictionary, too.
当遇到不认识的生词时，我经常查词典。如果你不认识一个单词，
你也可以查词典。
夯基—写出下列句中refer to的含义。
①(四川高考)What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph
refer to？ _________
②If you don’t know the exact meaning of the word, you may refer to the
dictionary. ______
指的是
查阅
③Your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying
for a test. ______
④We have reached an agreement that we will not refer to the matter
again. ______
参考
提到
提能—单句写作。
⑤(天津高考书面表达)课本和字典可以用作参考书而杂志可作为阅
读材料。
The textbooks and dictionaries can ________________________ while
the magazines serve as reading materials.
be used as reference books
9．look down upon/on蔑视；轻视；瞧不起
look up to 尊敬；仰视
look forward to 盼望；期待
look into 调查；观察；窥视
look up 抬头看；查阅
look back on 回忆；回顾
look out (for… ) 注意；留意；留神(……)
look through 浏览；仔细查看
夯基—用look的相关短语填空。
①No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone
_____________ you wishing they were that high.
②We shouldn’t _________________ the disabled；on the contrary, we
should help them.
looking up to
look down upon/on
③I _______________ today’s newspaper but I found nothing important.
④I like to ____________ my high school days, which were the happiest
in my life.
⑤(四川高考)I often ________ the words I don’t know in the dictionary
or on the Internet.
looked through
look back on
look up
提能—单句写作。
⑥(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)I’d like to express my warm welcome to
you and your performances. Meanwhile, __________________________
__________________________.
我热烈欢迎你和你的演出。同时，我期待着尽快收到你的回信。
I’m looking forward to hearing
from you as soon as possible
(1)once引导条件状语从句，意为“一旦……就……”。
(2)若once引导的从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词
的某种形式，可省略从句中的主语和be动词。
10．Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in
laboratories.
我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩
猩。
夯基—完成句子。
①___________________________ (一旦你开始做事情)，you must
carry on with it, otherwise you will never achieve anything.
②You will be successful in the interview _______________________
(一旦你有自信心).
提能—句式升级。
③Once it is lost, the good chance may never come again.
→__________，the good chance may never come again. (省略)
Once you begin to do something
once you have confidence
Once lost
本句中it hit me＋从句是习惯用语，意为“我忽然想起(到……)”，
其中hit意为“忽然想到；偶然发现；找到”。
11．Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical
training at that time.
我突然想起，在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。
It occurs to sb. that… (某人)突然想到……
It strikes sb. that… (某人)突然想到……
It happens that… 碰巧……
夯基—单句语法填空。
①____ hit him that he lost his key in the office.
②It happened ______ they spent their childhood in the same village.
提能—一句多译。
(全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我突然想到我忘记我们的约定了。
③_____________ I had forgotten our appointment.
④____________________ I had forgotten our appointment.
⑤________________ I had forgotten our appointment.
It
that
It hit me that
It occurred to me that
It struck me that
3 高效演练·素能提升
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．_________ (observe) carefully if any change occurs when doing
experiments in the lab.
解析：考查祈使句。句意：在实验室里做实验时，一定要仔细观察
是否有什么变化发生。句中if引导宾语从句，设空处为主句动词，且表
示祈使语气，故用动词原形observe，构成祈使句。
Observe
2．(天津卷，14)I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always too
busy to carry ____ a conversation with her.
解析：考查动词短语。句意：我讨厌她在我工作的时候给我打电
话，我总是太忙了不能和她进行谈话。carry on“继续；坚持；进行”。
故填on。
on
3．An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island
discovered ____ chance a long lost antique Greek vase.
解析：考查介词短语。句意：一位最近在通往南岛的渡口旅游的艺
术家意外地发现了一个丢失久远的古希腊花瓶。by chance“偶然”。故
填by。
by
4．The international agreement，__________ (intend) to encourage
children not to smoke and help people kick the habit, was signed on February
27．
解析：考查分词短语作定语。根据“be intended to do”可知此处填过
去分词intended。
intended
5．(江苏卷)The publication of Great Expectations, which _____ both
widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading
novelist.
解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：《远大前程》这部小说的出版
发行受到各界的评论和高度赞扬，它巩固了狄更斯作为顶尖小说家的地
位。空格处与后面的reviewed和praised一起构成定语从句的谓语，根据
主句谓语strengthened判断这里用一般过去时；定语从句的关系词which
指代主句的the publication of Great Expectations，主语核心词是
publication，故be动词用was。
was
6．If you come ________ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the
shop assistant to reduce the price.
解析：考查动词短语。句意：如果你发现自行车有瑕疵但还想买，
可以要求店员降价。come across“(偶然)发现”。故填across。
7．(课标全国卷Ⅰ)Trust is a learned ____________________ (behave)
that we gain from past experiences.
解析：考查词形转换。根据空前的a learned可知此处应填名词，两
种拼写方式behavior/behaviour均正确。
across
behavior/behaviour
8．The Internet gives students the chance to have the materials they need
___________ (deliver) to them quickly and cheaply.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：互联网给学生们提供了让他们所需
的材料迅速廉价地传递给他们的机会。句中they need为定语从句，修饰
materials，并且使用了have sth. done结构，故用delivered作宾语补足语。
delivered
9．After the strong typhoon “Haiyan” visited the Philippines, gone
______ (be) the beauty and many other things.
解析：考查主谓一致。这里考查了一个倒装句，句中的主语为the
beauty and many other things，故谓语动词用复数形式。根据句意可知用
一般过去时。句意：强台风“海燕”经过菲律宾之后，美丽的风景和其
他许多东西一去不复返了。故填were。
were
10．On November 11, communities hold ceremonies and parades
___________ (observe) Veterans Day in America.
解析：考查不定式。句意：在美国十一月十一日，很多社团举办仪
式和游行庆祝退伍军人节。根据句意和句子结构填to observe作目的状
语。
to observe
11．—Where did you go on National Day?
—Jiuzhai Valley. I _____________ (intend) to go to France, but the
expense was too high.
解析：考查时态。过去完成时表示“本打算去法国(却没去)”。故
填过去完成时had intended。
had intended
12．To their disappointment，Dr Wang gave a speech about the
economy without even a passing ___________ (refer) to the problem of
unemployment.
解析：考查词性转换。句意：令他们失望的是，王博士只是做了一
个关于经济方面的演讲，根本都没有提及失业方面的问题。冠词a后要用
名词reference。
reference
13．All we need ____ (be) a small piece of land where we can plant
various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.
解析：考查主谓一致和动词时态。根据表语a small piece of land可知
谓语用单数，而根据从句的时态可知所填词用一般现在时is。
14．(2020·新高考卷阅读)She supported _________ (she) through
college.
解析：考查固定短语。support oneself“自力更生”。故填herself。
is
herself
15．I always take fuel consumption into _______________ (consider)
when buying a car.
解析：考查固定短语。take… into consideration“把……考虑在
内”。故填consideration。
consideration
Ⅱ．单句改错
1．It is considerate for you not to make any noise while the others are
having a rest.
_________
2．He remained modesty even though he achieved a great deal in the
field of science.
_________________
for →of
modesty →modest
3．The international agreement, intending to encourage children not to
smoke and help people kick the habit, was signed on February 1．
_____________________
4．They were observed enter the manager’s office last night.
________________
intending →intended
observed后加to
5．At that time, Lin Qiaozhi was one of the most famous medical
specialist in China.
_________________________
6．I don’t think it worthwhile devote so much time to discussing the
matter.
________________________________
specialist →specialists
devote →devoting或devote前加to
Ⅲ．单句写作
1．我说服她不要在如此糟糕的天气里出去。(argue)
___________________________________________
2．提高工厂工人的工作条件是值得做的事情。(worthwhile；
condition)
__________________________________________________________
I argued her out of going out in such bad weather.
It is worthwhile to improve the working conditions for factory workers.
3．作为一名学生你应该谦虚，不应该瞧不起那些知道得比你少的
同学。(modest；look down upon)
__________________________________________________________
________________________________________
4．只有当他告诉我这个消息时我才知道真相。(倒装句)
___________________________________________
5．我突然想起，我把她的生日给忘了。(hit)
___________________________________________________
As a student，you should be modest and not look down upon the classmates
who don’t know as much as you do.
Only when he told me the news did I know the truth.
It hit me all of a sudden that I had forgotten her birthday.
Ⅳ．语篇填空
Jane Goodall 1.____________(study) the chimps for many years and
helped people understand how much they behave like humans. Nobody before
has fully understood their 2.___________(behave). Her work was not easy.
When she arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was 3._________(usual) for a woman
to live in the forest. Only after her mother came to support her for 4._____
first few months was she allowed to begin her project. She spent many years
5.___________(observe) and recording their daily activities, and watching
them wake up was her first activity of every day.
has studied
behaviour
unusual
the
observing
She also discovered 6._____ chimps communicate with each other. She has
argued that they should be left in the wild and not used 7._____ entertainment
or advertisements. She has helped to set up special places 8._______ they can
live safely. She has achieved everything she wanted to do, and she
9._____________ (respect) by many people in the world. And now she
inspires those who want to cheer the 10.______________(achieve) of
women．
how
for
where
is respected
achievements
Ⅴ．话题写作
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
假定你是李华，你校英文报正在征稿，题目是“The Most Impressive
Woman in My Life”，请你写一篇稿件，投给校英文报。内容包括：①这
位女士的特点；②这位女士给你的影响。
补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①谈到我生命中印象最深的人，我突然想到我的英语老师赵老师，
她是给我印象最深刻的一个人。
When it comes to the most impressive woman in my life,
____________________________________________________________.
②作为教师，她毕生致力于教学。
As a teacher，_____________________________________.
it hits me that my English teacher Miss Zhao is the most impressive one
she has devoted her whole life to teaching
③她写了许多文章，有些文章是针对英语薄弱的学生的。
S h e h a s w r i t t e n m a n y a r t i c l e s ， a n d s o m e o f t h e m
_____________________________________.
④她对所有学生的关爱和体贴让她深受尊重。
__________________________________________________ make her
_________________.
are intended for students poor in English
The kindness and consideration she shows to all students
highly respected
⑤在她的鼓舞和帮助下，我表现得很好并进步很大。
_________________________________________________________
⑥无可争辩，赵老师就是一位让我印象深刻并赢得我尊重的老师。
__________________________________________________________
__________________
With her inspiration and help，I have behaved well and achieved much.
It is beyond argument that Miss Zhao is the one who impresses me most and
wins my respect.
升级平淡句
1．利用“介词＋which”引导非限制性定语从句升级句③
__________________________________________________________
___________________
2．利用强调句式升级句④
__________________________________________________________
________________________
She has written many articles，some of which are intended for students poor
in English.
It is the kindness and consideration she shows to all students that make her
highly respected.
衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：besides，most
importantly等)
__________________________________
__________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
The Most Impressive Woman in My Life
When it comes to the most impressive woman in my life, it hits me that my
English teacher Miss Zhao is the most impressive one.
__________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
As a teacher, she has devoted her whole life to teaching. Besides, she has
written many articles, some of which are intended for students poor in
English. Most importantly, it is the kindness and consideration she shows to
all students that make her highly respected. With her inspiration and help，I
have behaved well and achieved much.
It is beyond argument that Miss Zhao is the one who impresses me most and
wins my respect.
您好，谢谢观看！
谢谢观看
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