必修五
Unit 5 First aid
1 必备知识·盘点夯基
2 核心素养·精讲层练
3 高效演练·素能提升
1 必备知识·盘点夯基
Ⅰ．单词立体巧记
aid
barrier
organ
vital
pour
ceremony
swell
ambulance
temporary
squeeze
temporary
barriers
poured
ambulances
squeezed
press
pressure
injure
injury
poison
poisonous
vary
various
variety
mild
mildly
tight
tightly
firm
firmly
apply
applicant
application
brave
bravely
bravery
treat
treatment
injured injury
bravely
bravery
press
pressure
applicants to apply
applications
treat
treatment
variety various
联想积累：
1．多种“帮助”
①aid n. & vt. 帮助；援助
②favour n. 帮助；好意
③assist vt. 帮助；协助
④assistance n. 帮助；协助
⑤support n. & vt. 支持；帮助
⑥sponsor vt. 赞助
2．“-ure”后缀的高频名词小结
①pressure 压力
②pleasure 乐事；快乐
③exposure 暴露；揭发
④failure 失败
⑤mixture 混合物
⑥signature 签名
3．“成双成对”的名词荟萃
①scissors 剪刀
②jeans 牛仔裤
③earphones 耳机
④trousers 裤子
⑤glasses 眼镜
⑥shoes 鞋子
Ⅱ．短语语境助记
fall ill
make a difference
be proud of
squeeze out
over and over again
in place
put one’s hands on
a number of
a knowledge of
cut off
take off
act as
a number of
over and over again
fell ill
put his hands on
in place
acted as
squeeze out
Ⅲ．句式运用速记
unless
were having breakfast when
there is no doubt that
2 核心素养·精讲层练
1．aid n. & vt. 援助；救助；资助
(1)first aid急救
go/come to sb. ’s aid＝help sb. 去/来帮助某人
with the aid of … 在……的帮助下；借助于……
in aid of… 为援助，以援救……
(2)aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
aid sb. in (doing) sth. 帮助某人(做)某事
aid sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事
夯基—单句语法填空。
①______ the aid of her, I finished the work in time.
②I couldn’t speak any French, but a nice man came ____ my aid and
told me where to go.
③We are collecting money ____ aid of the people who have lost their
homes.
With
to
in
提能—单句写作。
④(湖北卷书面表达)一个人立刻冲向那位姑娘给予急救，我也毫不
犹豫地加入这一行列。
A man immediately rushed to the girl ___________________ and I
joined in without hesitation.
to give her first aid
2．vital adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的
be vital for/to (doing) sth. 对(做)某事……极为重要
It is vital that sb. (should) do sth. 某人做某事是极为重要的。
It is vital to do sth. 做某事很重要。
It is necessary/vital/important that… (should) do sth, should可以省略。
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2019·天津卷)Understanding history is vital to _______________
(understand)ourselves as a people and as a nation.
②What’s more, some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians do not think it
vital ________ (obey) traffic rules.
understanding
to obey
提能—一句多译。
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)此外，在中国，当你参加晚宴时，注意餐
桌礼仪是至关重要的。
③Besides，_____________________________________________ in
China when you attend a dinner party. (it作形式主语)
④In addition，______________ is that you(should) mind your table
manners in China when you attend a dinner party. (主语从句)
it’s vital that you should mind your table manners
what’s vital
treatment n. 治疗；对待
(1)treat … as … (＝regard… as)＝think of… as…
把……当……对待
treat sth. seriously认真对待某事/物
3．treat vt. 治疗；对待；款待 n. 款待；招待
treat sb. for … 给某人治……病
treat sb. /oneself(to… )请客吃……
treat sb. /oneself to… 用……款待某人/自己
(2)It’s my treat. 我请客。
(3)under treatment正在接受治疗
辨析 treat/cure
夯基—单句语法填空。
①Drunk driving should be treated ____ a crime regardless of whether
the driver causes a crash.
②(2018·浙江卷)It was summer, and my dad wanted to treat me ____ a
vacation like never before.
③(天津卷)Cathy suffered some terrible illness in her early childhood.
After years of regular ___________ (treat), she finally became healthy.
as
to
treatment
提能—句式升级。
④If the patient was treated in a proper way, he was likely to be saved.
→___________ in a proper way，the patient was likely to be saved. (省
略句)
→_________ in a proper way, the patient was likely to be saved. (分词
作状语)
If treated
Treated
4．apply vt. 应用；运用；敷；手压；脚踩 vi. 申请
(1)apply(to… )for… (向……)申请……
apply oneself to致力于；集中精力于
apply to… 适应……；适应于……
apply… to… 把……运用到……中；把……涂到……上
(2)applicant n. 申请人
application n. 申请；申请书；适用
The applicant applied himself to applying for a post for teaching
applied chemistry, saying that he would apply what he learnt to his teaching.
这位申请人专心于申请一份教应用化学的工作，并且说他会把所学
到的应用到他的教学中去。
夯基—写出下列句中apply的含义。
①You may apply in person or by letter. ______
②At last he applied a little wax polish (蜡油). ________
③He applied his brake quickly immediately he saw a dog lying on the
road. ____________
④The new discovery may be applied in medicine. ____________
申请
涂；敷
手压；脚踩
应用；运用
提能—单句语法填空。
⑤(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)This smart keyboard precisely measure the cadence
(节奏)with which one types and the pressure fingers apply ____ each key.
⑥(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)We had to write a paper on how we plan to apply
what we would learn in class ____ our future professions.
⑦I’ve applied to that company _____ a job，and my _____________
(apply) has been accepted.
to
to
for application
提能—一句多译。
如果你努力学习，你就会通过考试。(apply)
⑧If you __________________________，you will pass your exam.
⑨ __________________________ and you will pass your exam. (祈使
句＋and)
⑩ _____________________________，you will pass your exam. (分词
作状语)
apply yourself to your study
Apply yourself to your study
Applying yourself to your study
5．in place在适当的位置上；适当的；合适的
(1)out of place不在适当的位置；不恰当
in the first/next place 首先，第一/其次；第二点
in place of代替
(2)take place发生；举办
take one’s place 就座；代替某人
take the place of代替；取代
take the first place获得第一名
夯基—用place的相关短语完成句子。
①Firstly I collected all the books, newspapers and other things scattered
in the rooms and put them _________.
②The doctor advised her to eat more bean products ___________ meat
which might be harmful to her heart.
in place
in place of
③The manager will be away on business and I’ll _________________
__________________ during his absence.
④Being poor, he felt completely ____________ among those rich
people.
⑤Robots will not ________________ teachers in the classrooms in the
future.
take the place of him
(＝take his place)
out of place
take the place of
提能—句式升级。
⑥(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Firstly, with a good command of English,
I’m quite qualified for the volunteer job.
→_________________，with a good command of English, I’m quite
qualified for the volunteer job.
In the first place
6．make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用
make a difference to… 对……有作用/有影响
make some/no/little difference(to… )(对……)有/没有/几乎没有作用或
影响
tell the difference(between… and… )辨别/区分(……与……)
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2017·北京卷)Hannah is one of many examples of young people who
are making a ____________ (differ) in the world.
②What you have said will make no difference ____ the naughty boy.
③The twins are so alike；it’s difficult to tell the difference _________
them.
difference
to
between
提能—单句写作。
④(安徽高考书面表达)只要可能我都会帮忙清理路边的垃圾。我希
望我的行为能起到作用。
I will help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible. I hope
_______________________________. my behavior will make a difference
7．knock off打翻；撞倒；撞翻；使减少；使降低
knock at/on敲(门、窗等)
knock against… 撞到……之上
knock into… 与……相撞；偶然碰到(某人)
knock down/over 打倒(某人)；撞倒；拆除
knock around/about 闲逛；漫游；游荡
夯基—介、副词填空。
①Did you notice who knocked her ___________ ?
②He was lost in thought and knocked ______________ a tree.
③They knocked ______________ in the city for the whole afternoon.
④I knocked ______ a friend of mine who I hadn’t seen for ages.
⑤They finally knocked 10% _____ the price.
⑥(2017·北京)She was knocked ______ by a ball.
over/down
into/against
around/about
into
off
down
8．Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the
burn.
除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以
使用剪刀。
unless是连词，意为“除非；如果不”，引导的是一个否定条件状
语从句，从句有时可以与if… not… 引导的否定条件状语从句互换。
(1)unless是连词，相当于if not，意为“除非，如果不”，引导的是
一个否定条件状语从句。
(2)unless引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来意义，主句
多用一般将来时。
(3)unless引导的条件状语从句中，主语和部分谓语有时可以省略。
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2019·天津卷)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents’
opinion ________ he wants their support.
②Unless the weather ______ (get) better, I will stay at home.
③I won’t attend the party to be held tomorrow unless _________
(invite).
unless
gets
invited
提能—一句多译。
众所周知，除非你有规律地进行锻炼，否则身体就不会健康。
④It is known to all that ____________________________， you won’t
keep fit. (unless)
⑤It is known to all that ______________________________，you
won’t keep healthy. (if)
unless you exercise regularly
if you don’t exercise regularly
3 高效演练·素能提升
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．The furniture, with its modern style and bright colors, suits modern
houses and their gardens, but looks out of _______ in the garden of a
traditional home.
解析：考查固定搭配。句意：有着现代风格的色彩鲜艳的家具适合
现代的房屋和花园，但是放在传统风格的家里看起来就格格不入。信息
词but告诉我们应该填place, out of place表示“不合适的，格格不入
的”。
place
2．Some school teachers complained, “Many kids haven’t got any
hobbies— ________ you call playing computer games a hobby. ”
解析：考查连词。句意：一些老师抱怨说“许多孩子没有任何爱
好，除非你把打电脑游戏叫作一项爱好。”由句意可知，填unless，意
为“除非，如果不”。
unless
3．________ (fill) with shame, the boy lowered his head, ready for the
punishment from his dad.
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：因为愧疚感，这个小男孩低下头等
他的父亲的惩罚。be filled with“充满了……”，故填过去分词作原因状
语。
Filled
4．Little Tom, who got burned while he was setting off fireworks,
________________ (treat) in hospital now.
解析：句意：小汤姆在放烟火时被烧伤了，现在正在医院救治。主
句的时间状语为now，故用现在进行时的被动语态。
5．The boy made the same mistakes over _____ over again, which，of
course, made his parents very angry.
解析：句意：那个男孩一次次犯同样的错误，这当然令他的父母很
生气。over and over again“反复；多次”，符合句意。
is being treated
and
6．—Was it because of the terrible weather ______ his flight was
delayed?
—Not really. An old lady suffered a heart attack and they had to fly back.
解析：考查强调句型。题中的问句部分为强调句型的一般疑问句形
式，被强调部分是“because of the terrible weather”，强调句型的一般疑问
句的构成：Was/Is it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他，故所填词用that。
that
7．—Don’ t put so much __________ (press) on the children. It’s
harmful to their health.
—OK，I won’t.
解析：考查固定搭配。put pressure on意为“给……施加压力”。前
句句意：不要给孩子们施加太多压力，这有害于他们的健康。
pressure
8．The number of people, who have access to their own cars，
__________ (rise) sharply in the past decade.
解析：考查主谓一致和时态。本句的主语是the number of people，
所以谓语动词用单数；in the past decade表示时间从过去持续到现在，即
“十年来”，因此用现在完成时。
has risen
9．There is little doubt ______ you will be able to judge truth and error
if you have confidence in yourself.
解析：doubt用作名词时，在肯定句中，其后从句常用whether引
导；在否定句和疑问句中使用that引导从句。此处that无意义，也不作成
分，是同位语从句的引导词。
that
10．They have earned lots of money, so I ________ (firm) believe that
the business is a success.
解析：从They have earned lots of money可知，“我”坚信(firmly
believe)生意是成功的。修饰动词believe要用副词firmly。
firmly
Ⅱ．单句改错
1．With aid of a compass the traveler can find the land.
_____________
2．Don’t take anything away. Mother likes everything to be in the place.
_________
3．You would pass your exams if you applied you to your study.
_____________________
With后加the
去掉the
to前的you →yourself
4．A few kind words at the right time make difference.
_________________
5．She was thinking about the problem then Tom patted her.
____________
6．Little Tom, who got burned while he was setting off fireworks, is
treated in hospital now.
_____________
difference前加a
then →when
is后加being
Ⅲ．单句写作
1．如果治疗及时，一些疾病一点也不危险。(过去分词作状语；
treat)
___________________________________________________
2．除非你全身心投入，否则你不会获得成功的。(省略；apply)
__________________________________________________________
3．重要的是我们应与我们周围的人好好相处。(it作形式主语；
vital)
__________________________________________________________
Treated in time，some diseases are not dangerous at all.
You will never gain success unless applying yourself to your work.
It is vital that we (should) get on/along well with people around us.
4．我正在街上散步，突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。(be
doing… when… )
__________________________________________________________
_________
5．明天早点起床，如果不早起的话，你就赶不上第一班公交车。
(省略句)
_________________________________________________________
I was walking in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his
bicycle.
Get up early tomorrow. If not，you will not catch the first bus.
Ⅳ．语篇填空
As we all know, 1.________ (have) a knowledge of first aid can make a
difference in our daily life. If a traffic accident happens and someone
2.___________ (injure), the following steps can be used to treat 3._____
injured. In the first place, we should make sure that the accident scene is safe
so that we won’t get hurt. We should ask the injured person if he is OK, and
see if he 4._____________ (breathe). What’s more, we should check for cuts
and wounds.
having
is injured the
is breathing
For a simple cut，it is only necessary 5.________ (wash) the area of the cut,
dry it and cover it with a piece of dry clean cloth. If he is bleeding 6._______
(bad), it is vital that we should try to stop the bleeding by applying pressure
7.____ the injury. This is 8._________ if a person loses too much blood, he
may die. If necessary, take the injured person to the hospital as soon as
possible. Do remember: when 9.________ (give) first aid, please be sure to
place the person in a 10.__________ (recover) position.
to wash
badly
to because
giving
recovery
Ⅴ．话题写作
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
你校英文报正在开展主题为“急救知识”的征文活动。请你用英语
写一篇短文，介绍自己所了解的急救知识，并给英文报社投稿。
补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①割伤是日常生活中非常常见的伤，会疼、肿或流血。
Cuts _____________________________________，which will
_______________________________.
②伤员也许会感染甚至死亡。
The victims ________________ or even die.
③知道一些处理割伤的知识的确起作用。
___________________________________________________
are very common injuries in our daily life
cause pain，swelling or bleeding
may get infected
A knowledge of how to treat cuts can make a big difference.
④对简单的割伤，仅需要洗净伤口部位，擦干并用干燥而干净的布
包扎。
For a simple cut，it is only necessary to wash the area of the cut，dry it
and __________________________________.
⑤如果这个人流血很严重，通过向伤口施压止血至关重要。
If the person _______________________，_____________________
______________________________________________________.
cover it with a piece of dry clean cloth
is bleeding badly/heavily it is vital that you should
try to stop the bleeding by applying pressure to the injury
⑥那是因为如果他/她失去三分之一的血，也许会死掉。
That is because _______________________________________，he or
she may die.
⑦如果必要的话，把伤员送往医院。(省略句)
__________________________________________________
if a person loses one third of his or her blood
If necessary，take the injured person to the hospital.
升级平淡句
利用强调句式升级句③
__________________________________________________________ It is a knowledge of how to treat cuts that can make a big difference.
衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：however，what’s
worse等)
__________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________
Cuts are very common injuries in our daily life, which will cause pain,
swelling or bleeding. What’s worse, the victims may get infected or even die.
However, it is a knowledge of how to treat cuts that can make a big
difference.
__________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
For a simple cut, it is only necessary to wash the area of the cut，dry it and
cover it with a piece of dry clean cloth. If the person is bleeding badly/heavily,
it is vital that you should try to stop the bleeding by applying pressure to the
injury. That is because if a person loses one third of his or her blood, he or she
may die. If necessary，take the injured person to the hospital.
您好，谢谢观看！
谢谢观看
微信/支付宝扫码支付