选修八
Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors
1 必备知识·盘点夯基
2 核心素养·精讲层练
3 高效演练·素能提升
1 必备知识·盘点夯基
Ⅰ．单词立体巧记
alternative
regardless
somehow
skilful
arrest
delete
dizzy
album
applaud
kindergarten
gay
regardless
Delete
Somehow
was arrested
applauded
skilful
identify
identification
identity
starvation
starve
accuracy
accurate
accurately
interrupt
interruption
assume
assuming
assumption
sharpen
sharp
sharpener
messy
mess
analysis
analyses
analyse
ripen
ripe
significance
significant
botany
botanical
division
divide
accuracy accurately
interrupt
interruption
Assuming
assumption
sharpener sharpen
sharpener sharp
mess
messy
analysed
analysis
significance
significant
divided
division
联想积累：
1．“v. -ing”形式的介词、连词小结
①assuming conj. 假设；假定
②considering prep. &conj. 鉴于；考虑到
③including prep. 包含；包括
④supposing conj. 假设；假如
⑤providing conj. 假设；如果
⑥concerning prep. 关于
2．多种“选择”供你选
①pick v. 挑选
②optional adj. 可选择的
③choice n. 选择
④choose v. 选择
⑤select v. 挑选
⑥elect v. 推举；选择
⑦alternative n. 可能的选择
3．-cy名词后缀词速记
①accuracy 准确；精确
②efficiency 效率；效能
③fluency 流畅；流利
④emergency 紧急情况
⑤tendency 倾向；趋势
⑥agency 代理；中介
⑦currency 货币；通货
Ⅱ．短语语境助记
regardless of
at most
keep out
(be) fed up with
look ahead
date back (to...)
with relief
cut up
take turns to do sth.
can’t/couldn’t help doing sth.
at most
look ahead
regardless of
cut up
are fed up with
with relief
Ⅲ．句式运用速记
If only
could be united
only to
be told
had just gone to bed when
2 核心素养·精讲层练
alternatively adv. 可供选择地；或者
1．alternative adj. 供选择的；其他的 n. 可能的选择；选择对象
have no alternative but to do sth. 别无选择只好做某事
have the alternative of doing sth. 有做某事的选择
there’s no alternative… ……别无选择
alternative energy 可替代能源
“别无选择只好做……”的其他表达形式有：
①have no choice but to do sth.
②can’t do sth. but do sth.
③can do nothing but do sth.
夯基—单句语法填空。
①As far as I’m concerned, there is no alternative but _________ (adopt)
alternative plans.
②The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative to
_______________ (communicate) with others.
③(牛津词典)You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly；
those are the two ______________ (alternative).
to adopt
communicating
alternatives
提能—句式升级。
④Failure is the mother of success. Sometimes, in order to succeed, we
have no choice but to face failure bravely and learn from it.
→Failure is the mother of success. Sometimes, in order to succeed，we
have no _____________ but to face failure bravely and learn from it. alternative
interruption n. 打扰；插嘴；打岔；阻断物
2．interrupt vt. & vi. 打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止
(1)interrupt… (with sth. ) (因某事)打断……
(2)without interruption 连续地；不断地
夯基—单句语法填空。
①He was writing a poem when he ________________ (interrupt) by a
knock at the door.
②(全国卷Ⅱ)_______________ (interrupt) are one of the worst things to
deal with while you’re trying to get work done.
was interrupted
Interruptions
提能—单句写作。
③(2018·北京卷书面表达)To help them better understand our tea-
drinking culture, we took them to the tea room in our school, ___________
______________________________________________________________
______________.
为了帮助他们更好地了解我们的饮茶文化，我们带他们去了我们学
校的茶室。在那里，我连续几小时不间断地向他们介绍了泡茶的历史。
w h e r e I
introduced the history of tea-making to them for several hours without
interruption
assumption n. 假定；假设
3．assume vt. 假定；设想
(1)assume sb. /sth. to be 假定/假设某人/某事为
assume that… 假设……；认为……
It is/was generally assumed that… 普遍认为……
(2)assumption n. 假定，假设，设想
on the assumption that… 假定……，假设……
assuming(that)… 假定……(作状语)
夯基—单句语法填空。
①It is wrong __________ (assume) arts groups cannot make a profit.
②It is assumed ______ global warming and climate change could cause
even more disasters in the future.
③__________ (assume) you are right，we’ll make a great deal of
money from the project.
④A lot of people make the ____________ (assume) that poverty only
exists in the third world.
to assume
that
Assuming
assumption
提能—一句多译。
要是我当选为北京冬奥会的志愿者，我将全心全意为人民服务。
⑤___________________________ at Beijing Winter Olympic Games, I
will serve the people heart and soul. (if)
⑥_____________________________________ at Beijing Winter
Olympic Games，I will serve the people heart and soul. (assume)
If I am chosen to be a volunteer
Assuming that I am chosen to be a volunteer
(1)regardless of 不管；不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价)
(2)despite＝in spite of 尽管；不管；虽然(后常接名词，不接从句)
(3)with regard to 关于；至于
4．regardless of不管；不顾
夯基—单句语法填空/补全句子。
①They should be given access to the computer it’s connected to—
regardless ____ whether someone gets the password right.
②You will hurt others if you say what you think, regardless ____ other
people’s feelings.
③(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)__________________________ (尽管下
雨)，we can still take part in physical activities in the stadium.
of
of
Despite/In spite of the rain
提能—单句写作。
④(江苏卷书面表达)In addition, the Internet makes surveying and
voting easy and convenient, __________________________.
除此之外，网络使调查和投票无论在时间上还是空间上变得容易、
方便了。
regardless of time and space
5．be fed up with 对……厌倦；受够了
(1)be tired of… 对……感到厌烦
be bored with… 对……厌倦了
have enough of… 对……受够了/厌倦了
(2)feed on… 以……为食
feed… with/on… 用……喂……；供给……，提供……
feed＋食物＋to… 用某物喂养……
夯基—单句语法填空。
①Please feed some grass ____ the cow.
②Pandas feed ____ bamboo leaves.
③He is busy feeding the computer ______ new data.
④_____ (feed) up with his lies, she won’t believe in him any longer.
to
on
with
Fed
提能—同义句改写。
⑤Tom was fed up with being teased about his baldness, so he decided to
revenge those who played tricks on him. (用过去分词短语作状语改写)
__________________________________________________________
____________________________
Fed up with being teased about his baldness，Tom decided to revenge those
who played tricks on him.
6．date back to(＝date from) 追溯到……；始于……
up to date 时髦的
out of date 过时的
date back to和date from一般不用于进行时态，无被动语态。作后置
定语时，常用现在分词。
夯基—单句语法填空。
①As far as I know, the old town _______ (date) back to the late
seventeenth century.
②________ (date) from 1933, the South Lake Park in Changchun is
located in the southwestern part of the Changchun city.
③Everyone should keep on getting himself educated so as to be up ____
date with modern technology.
dates
Dating
to
提能—一句多译。
(2018·北京卷书面表达)中国饮茶文化源远流长，可以追溯到1 000多
年前。
④Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history which ____________
________________________________. (定语从句)
⑤Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history _____________
________________________________. (分词作定语)
dates from/
back to more than 1,000 years ago
dating from/
back to more than 1,000 years ago
句中if only… 意为“要是……就好了”，用来表达愿望，句中谓语
动词要用虚拟语气。
7．If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year!
她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！
(1)if only… had done… 表示对与过去事实相反的愿望
(2)if only… did… 表示对与现在事实相反的愿望
(3)if only… could/would/might do… 表示对将来事情的愿望(不用
should)
(1)only if… 只有……，引导真实条件句(置于句首，主句倒装)。
(2)if it were not for… /if it had not been for… 要不是……；如果没
有……
夯基—单句语法填空。
①If only we _________ (make) full use of time to make good
preparations for the test.
②Constant quarrels between my parents are driving me crazy. If only I
_____ (have) a warm and harmonious family.
③If only we all _________ (do) a good job in the coming college
entrance examination.
had made
had
would do
提能—单句写作。
④__________________________ free of air pollution.
我要是能生活在一个没有空气污染的世界就好了。
If only I would live in a world
该句中的不定式only to be scooped up在句中作状语，表结果。
8．Abruptly, she sat down, only to be scooped up by her laughing,
shouting sister, Luna.
突然间她坐了下去，却又被她那又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把搂了起来。
only to do… 不料做……，反而做……，结果却做……，是动词不定
式作结果状语。表示意料不到的情况，且多为不愉快的结果，有时前面
也可不加only；而现在分词短语作结果状语则表示“自然而然的结
果”。
夯基—单句语法填空。
①I hurried to the post office, only ________ (find) it closed.
②The librarians actively collected the books of the world,
______________ (accelerate) the spread of knowledge.
③(2020·江苏卷)The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, _________
(allow) for a new generation of virtual reality.
to find
accelerating
allowing
提能—单句写作。
④He made full preparations for the interview, _______________
_____________.
他为面试做了充分的准备，却被告知面试取消了。
only to be told it
was cancelled
3 高效演练·素能提升
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．(2020·新高考卷)Historical _________ (accurate) is important but so
is entertainment.
2．Our club is open to everyone regardless ____ age, sex or educational
background.
3．Since the time humankind started gardening, we ________________
(try) to make our environment more beautiful.
accuracy
of
have been trying
4．The church, ________ (date) from the 14th century, is still well
preserved.
5．It was not until he saw his mom ______ the little child stopped
crying.
6．I turned to the beggar-looking man next to me, only ________ (find)
that he was my ex-husband(前夫).
7．As a result of the hurricane, three-fourths of the cabins in the fishing
village need ___________ (repair).
dating
that
to find
repairing
8．The reason why George is looking for another job is that he’s fed up
______ his manager’s complaints.
9．The Town Hall, ___________ (complete) in the 1880s, was the most
distinguished building at that time.
10．She showed special concern for the college students and attached
much significance to ___________ (educate) them.
with
completed
educating
Ⅱ．单句改错
1．Assumed that the weather is favorable, farmers will have a good
harvest.
___________________
2．Thank you for allowing me to describe the situation, where I had no
alternative but give up the plan.
___________
Assumed →Assuming
but后加to
3．The audience evidently liked the play because they applauded two
minutes at the end.
__________________
4．I’m very sorry to interrupt with you, but I have something very
important to tell you.
__________
applauded后加for
去掉with
5．Our government tried hard to improve our living conditions by
acceleration the rate of economic growth.
____________________________
6．Despite the rain, but we can still take part in physical activities in the
stadium.
_________
acceleration →accelerating
去掉but
Ⅲ．单句写作
1．如果你想脱颖而出，除了努力工作别无选择。(alternative)
________________________________________________________
2．人们普遍认为压力是由工作太多导致的。(assume)
_______________________________________________________
3．上海已经加速了成为世界级旅游胜地的步伐。(accelerate)
__________________________________________________________
______________
There is no alternative but to work hard if you want to stand out.
It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.
Shanghai has accelerated the pace of becoming a worldclass tourist
destination.
4．他们匆忙赶到教室，却发现所有学生都离开了。(only to do)
__________________________________________________________
5．要是我没有放弃那次进一步学习的机会就好了！(if only)
________________________________________________
They hurried to the classroom，only to find that all the students had left.
If only I hadn’t given up the chance to study further！
Ⅳ．语篇填空
A group of students from England has come to the Zhoukoudian caves
for a visit. 1.____ archaeologist is showing them around. The archaeologists
have been excavating here for many years．
An
After 2._________ (find) human and animal bones in those caves higher
up the hill as well as tools and other objects, they think it is 3.____________
(reason) to assume some of the earliest people lived these caves, regardless
4.____ the cold. They also discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves
5._______ they made fires. That would have kept them warm, cooked the
food and scared wild beasts away as well．
finding
reasonable
of
where
Some evidence suggests that our ancestors did wear clothes 6.______
(make) from animal skins. They even used sharpened stone tools 7._______
(cut) up animals and remove their skin. The archaeologist also 8._______
(show) the students a primitive necklace preserved quite well. Indeed, as the
botanical analyses have 9.___________ (special) shown us, all the fields
around here used to be part of a large shallow lake. Perhaps there was trade
between early peoples or they traveled to the seaside on 10._______ (they)
journeys．
made
to cut
shows
specially
their
Ⅴ．话题写作
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
假设你是李华，你所在班级对是否应该耗费精力和时间考古进行了
辩论。你写信给你的好友Jack介绍此次辩论，内容如下：①辩论内容和
你的观点；②考古的贡献和意义。
补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①我写信告诉你我班对是否应该耗费精力和时间考古进行的辩论。
I’m writing to _______________________ about whether time and
energy ___________________________________.
②我赞成研究古代文明的这一观点。
________________________ we should do research on the ancient
civilization.
share with you the debate
should be spent on archaeological work
I applaud for the view that
③众所周知，古人利用石器制作工具和钻木取火产生了今天的文
明。
As is known，____________________________________________
_________________________________________________.
④有许多令人惊异的发明源自古代。
There are many amazing inventions __________________________
_____.
the ancient people’s using stones to make tools and
drilling woods to make fire bring about today’s civilization
that date back to the ancient
times
⑤要是我们能查明他们如何形成的就好了，这对现在的生活意义重
大。
__________________________________________ and it will
_________________________ today’s life.
If only we could find out how they came into being
be of great significance to
升级平淡句
1．利用强调句式升级句③
__________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2．利用非限制性定语从句升级句⑤
__________________________________________________________
________________________________
As is known，it is the ancient people’s using stones to make tools and drilling
woods to make fire that bring about today’s civilization.
If only we could find out how they came into being，which will be of great
significance to today’s life.
衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：personally，first of
all，more importantly等)
____________
__________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Dear Jack，
I’m writing to share with you the debate about whether time and energy
should be spent on archaeological work.
__________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________
_______
Personally, I applaud for the view that we should do research on the ancient
civilization. First of all, as is known, it is the ancient people’s using stones to
make tools and drilling woods to make fire that bring about today’s
civilization. More importantly, there are many amazing inventions that date
back to the ancient times.
If only we could find out how they came into being, which will be of great
significance to today’s life.
Yours，
Li Hua
您好，谢谢观看！
谢谢观看
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