必修一
语言
1 必备知识·盘点夯基
2 核心素养·精讲层练
3 高效演练·素能提升
1 必备知识·盘点夯基
Ⅰ．单词立体巧记
native
base
vocabulary
spelling
command
request
straight
official
vocabulary
straight
Official
are requested
based
spelling
spell
actually
actual
gradual
gradually
recognize
recognition
latter
late
latest
fluent
fluently
fluency
frequent
frequently
expression
express
usage
use
useful
enrich
rich
express
useless
gradual
gradually
recognize
recognition
expression
express
fluently fluent
rich
enriched
frequent
frequently
联想积累：
1．en前缀和en后缀变词性
①rich →enrich v. 使富裕
②able →enable v. 使能够
③large →enlarge v. 使扩大
④sure →ensure v. 确保；担保
⑤deep →deepen v. 加深
⑥short →shorten v. 缩短，使变短
2．“旅行”名词家族
①voyage 航行；航海
②tour (观光)旅行
③travel 旅行
④journey (长途)旅行
⑤trip (短途)旅行；外出
⑥outing 远足
3．形容词、副词同形的单词
①straight adv. & adj. 直的(地)
②fast adv. & adj. 快的(地)
③far adv. & adj. 远的(地)
④pretty adv. 相当地，非常
adj. 漂亮的
⑤well adv. 好
adj. 健康的
Ⅱ．短语语境助记
more than
because of
come up
at present
make good use of
such as
play a very important part (in)
even if/though
be based on
believe it or not
the number of
Even if
plays a very important role/part in
make good use of
At present
because of
came up
Ⅲ．句式运用速记
Even though/if pop music is not
your style
I was more diligent
than clever
no such wise/clever
person as
I like the way(that/in which) we
play together
2 核心素养·精讲层练
basis n. 原因，缘由；基准，准则；方式；基础
basic adj. 基本的；基础的
1．base vt. 以……为据点(或总部等)；以……为根据 n. 基部；基地；
基础
夯基—单句语法填空。
①________ (base) an important decision more on emotion than on
reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
②(北京高考书面表达)First, he showed us the _______ (base) steps and
skills of making dough figurines.
Basing
basic
③(2019·天津卷)Scientists have built an earlywarning system _______
(base) on mathematical models.
④(2020·山西八校第一次联考)As far as I'm concerned, common
hobbies are the _______ (base) of making friends.
⑤(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond
with the work _________ (base)on our present mental register.
based
basis
is based
提能—句式升级。
⑥The restaurant is based on trust, and it is working all right.
→ ______________ ，the restaurant is working all right. (分词短语作
状语)
→The restaurant, _____________________ ，is working all right. (定语
从句)
Based on trust
which is based on trust
(1)at/by sb. ’s command听某人支配
under one’s command由……指挥
take command of控制
have a good command of掌握；精通(尤指语言)
(2)command that. . . (should) do. . . 命令……做……
command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
2．command n. [C]命令；指令；[U]掌握 vt. 命令；指挥；支配
后接宾语从句且从句中用(should)do结构的动词有：
夯基—单句语法填空。
①I’m ____ your command—what would you like me to do?
②The police commanded the witness ____________ (describe) what
had happened the day before.
→The police commanded that the witness __________________
(describe) what had happened the day before.
at
to describe
(should) describe
夯基—熟词生义。
③It was his bravery showed in the rescue work that commanded our
respect.
______
提能—单句写作。
④(2019·浙江6月卷写作)I hold the firm belief that I am very qualified
for this voluntary work, because I _________________________________ .
我的确相信我适合这份志愿者工作，因为我精通英语口语。
赢得
have a good command of spoken English
(1)request sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事
request that sb. (should) do sth. 要求/请求某人做某事
It is requested that. . . (should) do. . . 要求……做……
request sth. 要求得到某物
(2)make a request for sth. 要求某物；需要某物
at sb. ’s request(＝at the request of sb. ) 应某人要求/请求
3．request v. & n. 请求；要求
夯基—单句语法填空。
①Because of the spread of the serious illness, they have made an urgent
request _____ international aid.
②(2018·天津卷)She had requested the community ________ (turn) it
into a museum upon her death.
③(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)After the film, each class is supposed to
have a discussion and all the students ______________ (request) to make
comments and express their views about the film.
for
to turn
are requested
提能—单句写作。
④(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)My aim is to let China go to the world and
let the world understand China. ___________________________________
___________ .
我的目标是让中国走向世界，让世界了解中国。如果你能同意我的
要求，我将不胜感激。
I would appreciate it if you could agree to
my request
recognition n. 认出；认识
4．recognize vt. 辨认；识别；承认；公认
(1)recognize sb. /one’s voice 认出某人/听出某人的声音
be recognized to be/as… 被认作……/被认为是……
It is recognized that…人们公认……
(2)beyond recognition 认不出来
夯基—单句语法填空。
①(2019·江苏卷)China’s image is improving steadily, with more
countries _____________ (recognize) its role in international affairs.
②Environmental pollution ______________ (recognize) to have become
one of the most serious problems that people face.
③The city has been built up so fast that it has changed beyond
_____________ (recognize).
recognizing
is recognized
recognition
提能—一句多译。
那本书被公认为是21世纪最伟大的文学作品之一。(recognize)
④The book _____________________ one of the greatest works of
literature of the 21st century.
⑤ ____________________ the book is one of the greatest
works of literature of the 21st century.
is recognized as/to be
It is recognized that
(1)come up with…提出……；想出……；赶上……
(2)come across (偶然)遇见
come about 发生；产生
come out 出来；出版；发行；显现；结果是
come to 达到；苏醒；谈到
(3)How come…？(表示不理解)……怎么回事？
When it comes to sth…当涉及……时
5．come up 走近；上来；提出；发芽；发生；(太阳、月亮等)升起
夯基—写出下列句中come up的含义。
①I’ll let him know if anything comes up. ______
②The question of wage increase came up at the meeting. ________
③Almost all of the seeds have come up after a few days of sowing in
late spring. ______
④The little boy came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to
the police station. ______
⑤The sky was blue and clear when the moon came up. ______
发生
被提出
发芽
走近
升起
提能—句式升级。
⑥The project came up at the meeting yesterday, and it attracted many
people’s attention.
→The project came up at the meeting yesterday, _________________
_________________ . (升级为分词作状语)
attracting many
people’s attention
(1)make full/good use of 充分利用
make the best/ most of 充分利用
take(full) advantage of (充分)利用
(2)come into use 开始被使用
put… into use 使用
be of (great) use (很)有用
It is no use doing sth. 做……是没用的。
6．make use of (＝take advantage of)利用；使用
(1)该短语中use前可以用good, full, little等来修饰。
(2)该短语除了直接考查其主、被动形式之外，还常结合定语从句对
其进行考查，此时use被提至先行词的位置，然后由含make of的定语从
句修饰。
This is the best use we made of our spare time.
这是对我们业余时间最好的利用。
夯基—单句语法填空。
①In my opinion，every chance should be made full use of
___________ (practise) our oral English.
② ________ (make)the most of time is a good habit，which requires
one to plan carefully.
③Full use must ________ (make) of every minute to go over our
lessons，for the final examination is coming.
④It’s no use _____________ (complain).
to practise
Making
be made
complaining
提能—词汇/句式升级。
⑤We must make full use of every minute to go over our lessons, as the
final examination is drawing near.
→ ____________________________________ we must __________
_______________________________ every minute to go over our lessons.
(with复合结构)
With the final examination approaching made the
best/most of或take full advantage of
本句中的even if＝even though“即使”，引导让步状语从句。
even if/though即使，尽管，引导让步状语从句，在从句中常用一般
现在时代替将来时。在主从句主语相同或从句主语为it，且从句谓语动
词含有be动词的某种形式时也可采用省略句结构，即省略从句的主语和
be动词。
7．Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t
speak the same kind of English. 以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的
英语不尽相同，也可以相互理解。
夯基—单句语法填空。
①He won’t eat his words even if he _______ (know) he said the wrong
things.
②He won’t come to our party even if _________ (invite).
knows
invited
提能—完成句子。
③My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, ________________
_______________ .
尽管我的祖父已经九十多岁了，但他仍不时打网球。
④(牛津高阶)I like her, ______________________________________ .
尽管她有时可能很烦人，但我还是喜欢她。
even if/though he
is in his nineties
even if/though she can be annoying at times
本句中的more … than … 意为“是……而不是……”，指同一人或
物不同方面的比较。
8．It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.
当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的，而不是我们今天所说的英语。
(1)more … than … 是……而不是……；与其说……倒不如说……
(2)more than多于(后跟数词)；不仅仅(后跟名词)；非常；岂止(后跟
形容词、副词等)
(3)no more than 仅仅；只不过
not more than不超过；不及
no＋比较级＋than两者都不……(两者都否定)
other than… 除……之外
rather than 而不是
夯基—完成句子。
①She was __________________ (与其说生气倒不如说伤心) when her
son lied again.
②The form can not be signed by anyone ___________________ (除了
你自己之外).
more sad than angry
other than yourself
③(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Orange trees are __________ decoration (不仅仅是
装饰); they are a symbol of good forture and wealth.
④His whole school education ____________________________ (加起
来不到一年).
more than
added up to no more than one year
提能—词汇升级。
⑤(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)I am very glad to inform you that this year’s music
festival will be held shortly.
→I am ___________________ to inform you that this year’s music
festival will be held shortly.
more than delighted
句中“no such＋单数名词”意为“没有这样的……”，其中单数名
词前不可再加冠词，相当于“not such a/an＋单数名词”。
9．Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由
你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。
夯基—对比填空：that/as。
①There is no such thing ____ failure. Failure is just life trying to move
us in another direction.
②It’s such a difficult problem ____ we can’t work out.
③It’s such a difficult problem ______ we can’t work it out.
④There is no such thing ____ you mentioned at the meeting yesterday.
as
as
that
as
提能—单句写作。
⑤As we know, _________________________________ in the world.
众所周知，世界上没有免费的午餐。
there’s no such thing as a free lunch
This/That is because… 意为“这/那是
因为……，”用来表示原因。
This/That is why… 意为“这/那是为什
么……，”用来表示结果。
10．This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the
news were expected to speak excellent English. 这是因为在早期的电台节
目里，人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。
提能—一句多译。
他没能赶上早班车，那是因为他今天早上起晚了。
①He missed the first bus and ________________ he got up late this
morning.
②He got up late this morning and ____________ he missed the first bus.
③He got up late this morning, _____________ he missed the first bus.
that was because
that was why
which was why
3 高效演练·素能提升
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Data collected from the device could be used to
recognize different participants _______ (base)on how they typed, with very
low error rates.
解析：句意：以参加实验的人们的打字方式为基础，从这个设备上
搜集来的信息可以被用来识别这些人，错误率非常低。be based on…
“以……为基础”此以过去分词短语形式作定语修饰participants。故填
based。
based
2．(2018·江苏卷阅读)When a darkcolored cake was served on a black
plate rather than a white one, customers recognized it ____ sweeter and more
tasty.
解析：考查固定句式。recognize… as… “认为……是……”。故填
as。
3．Though they found the road _________ (block), they decided to
move on.
解析：考查非谓语动词。block与road构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故填
过去分词作宾补。故填blocked。
as
blocked
4．Although this is the first time that the plan _________ (come) up at
the meeting, it has caused much concern.
解析：考查固定句式。It is the first time that… 句型中that从句谓语动
词要用现在完成时。故填has come。
5．My boss requested me __________ (finish) my work before next
Monday.
解析：request sb. to do sth. “要求某人做某事”为固定搭配。故填to
finish。
has come
to finish
6．The manager gave his command that measures _________________
(take) immediately to correct all the mistakes made in marketing.
解析：考查虚拟语气。command所接名词性从句中应用“(should＋)
动词原形”的虚拟语气。再由句意可知，应用被动语态。故填(should)
be taken。
7．She was more worried ______ angry when her daughter didn’t come
home.
解析：考查固定句式。more… than… “与其说……倒不如
说……”。故填than。
(should) be taken
than
8．I think in English study it is your attitude, not your teachers that
_______ (play) the key role.
解析：考查主谓一致。该句是一个含强调句型的句子；被强调部分
是句子的主语部分，其真正主语是your attitude，故填单数第三人称形
式。故填plays。
plays
9．With so many people _______________ (communicate) in English
every day, we can see that it will be more and more important to have a good
knowledge of English.
解析：考查非谓语动词。该with复合结构中，people与 communicate
之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故填communicating。
communicating
10．In Japan some firms even monitor whether their employees smile
____________ (frequent) enough at customers.
解析：考查词性转换。修饰动词smile应用副词。故填frequently。
11．(2020·新高考卷)Remember, even world champion athletes practice
their skills ____ a consistent basis.
解析：考查介词短语。on a … basis“在……的基础上”。故填on。
frequently
on
12．The boss insisted that every minute ____________ (be) made full
use of ______ (do) the work well.
解析：句意：为了做好工作，老板要求应该充分利用每分钟。
insist(坚持要求)后所接的宾语从句应该使用should＋动词原形，且should
可以省略；不定式to do the work well在句中作目的状语。故填(should)
be; to do。
(should)be
to do
13．Marco Polo is said to have sailed on _____ Pacific Ocean on his
way to Java in _____ thirteenth century.
解析：考查冠词。句意：据说马可·波罗在十三世纪去爪哇的路上在
太平洋上航行过。在表示“江河湖海山脉群岛”的名词前加定冠词the；
在世纪表达法中的序数词前面要用定冠词the。故填the；the。
the
the
14．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)She’s trying to come up ______ a label to attach to
nutria fashions to show it is ecofriendly.
解析：考查固定短语。come up with“想出，提出”。故填with。
15．(2018·江苏卷阅读)Some social apps were popular among the
children even ___________ they supposedly require users to be at least 13．
解析：句意：有些社交软件很受孩子的欢迎，尽管它们应该要求使
用者至少13岁。根据句意填even if/though“即使；尽管”。
with
though/if
Ⅱ．单句改错
1．I hope the information will be of great useful to you.
_____________
2．Whoever comes up a new idea of how to work out the puzzle will be
given a prize.
____________
3．You should have made good use of the time you spent together
discuss the matter.
________________
useful→use
up后加with
together后加to
4．As far as I know，he was very angry because what you said just now.
_________________
5．More than one person have a good command of English in the
research unit.
___________
6．He requested that I must finish the task as soon as possible.
________________________
because后加上of
have→has
must→should或去掉must
Ⅲ．单句写作
1．根据这些事实，我们可以得出以下结论。
(1) _______________________________________________________
(base)
(2) ________________________________________________________
(basis)
Based on/upon the facts，we can reach the following conclusions.
On the basis of the facts，we can reach the following conclusions.
2．他命令我们一个小时内完成这项工作。
(1)__________________________________________________
(command that… )
(2) ________________________________________ (command sb. to
do sth. )
3．提到餐桌礼仪，即使你不习惯，吃饭时也要小声说话。(when it
comes to)
__________________________________________________________
_________________________
He commanded that we (should) finish the work in an hour.
He commanded us to finish the work in an hour.
When it comes to table manners，keep your voice low during the meal even
if you are not used to it.
4．即使你读起英语来很容易，你会发现用它流利地与别人交流很
难。(even if)
__________________________________________________________
_______________________________
5．当他们没有回家时，与其说我担心倒不如说我生气。(more…
than… )
___________________________________________________
Even if you read English easily，you’ll find it difficult to communicate
with others fluently in it.
I was more angry than worried when they didn’t come home.
Ⅳ．语篇填空
English was 1.__________ (most) spoken by people from England. They
were native speakers. Today, the largest number of people 2.____________
(learn) English may be in China. A lot of Chinese people speak English
3.______ their foreign language.
mostly
learning
as
The English language 4.______________ (change) quite a lot over the
last centuries. Old English sounded more like German for it 5.____________
(base) on German, but modern English sounds 6.________ (much) like
French than German because those who ruled England 7.__________ (speak)
French. Two people had great effects 8._______ the English changes.
9.________ was Samuel Johnson, who wrote his dictionary; the other was
Noah Webster, who wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language,
10.____________ gave American English its own identity.
has changed
was based
more
spoke
on One
which
Ⅴ．话题写作
用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文
假设你是李华，你的朋友Tom因为受“汉语热”的影响决心学习汉
语，来信向你咨询。请你给他写封回信，说明“汉语热”的原因，并提
出几条学习汉语的建议。
补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①目前，有很多外国人学习汉语，因为中国在世界上起着越来越重
要的作用。
___________ ，there are a number of foreigners, learning Chinese，
because China ________________________________________________ .
②精通汉语，你就能更好地了解中国这个有着5 000多年历史的国
家。
___________________________ ，you will get a better understanding
of China, a country with a history of _________________________ .
At present
is playing an increasingly important part in the world
With a good command of Chinese
more than 5,000 years
③至于学习汉语的建议，我想说世界上没有免费的午餐。
A s f o r t h e a d v i c e o f l e a r n i n g C h i n e s e ， I w o u l d s a y
__________________________________________ .
④说一口流利的中文应该以勤奋为基础。
__________________________________________________________
______________
there is no such thing as a free lunch in the world
Speaking fluent Chinese/Speaking Chinese fluently should be based on hard
work.
⑤利用一切机会练习汉语，你用得越多，你就学得越好。
___________________________________________________ —the
more you use Chinese, the better you will learn it.
⑥即使在学习汉语时会出现许多问题，你也不应该放弃。
__________________________________________________________
_________________
Make use of every opportunity/chance to practise Chinese
Even if/though many problems may come up in learning Chinese，you
should not give up.
升级平淡句
1．利用“that is because… ”句式升级句①
__________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2．利用强调句式升级句②
__________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
At present，there are a number of foreigners learning Chinese，and that is
because China is playing an increasingly important part in the world.
It is with a good command of Chinese that you will get a better understanding
of China，a country with a history of more than 5,000 years.
衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：therefore，to begin
with, most importantly等)
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Dear Tom，
At present, there are a number of foreigners learning Chinese, and that is
because China is playing an increasingly important part in the world. It is
with a good command of Chinese that you will get a better understanding of
China，a country with a history of more than 5,000 years.
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______________________________________________________________
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As for the advice of learning Chinese, I would say there is no such thing as a
free lunch in the world. Therefore, speaking fluent Chinese should be based
o n h a r d w o r k . T o b e g i n w i t h , m a k e u s e o f e v e r y
opportunity/chance to practise
Chinese—the more you use
Chinese，the better you
w i l l l e a r n i t . M o s t
importantly, even if/though
many problems may come up in learning Chinese, you should not give up.
Yours，
Li Hua
您好，谢谢观看！
谢谢观看
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