中考英语总复习介词优 质课件

Prepositions 中考英语总复习 一.表示时间介词 三.表示方位介词 二.表示地点介词 四.表示方法、手段 五.常见介词的搭配 介词 + 名./ 代. (宾格)/ 动词-ing 2010 March spring the morning the future 7.30 night the age of 19 first/last the moment Monday March 5 March 5th,2010 Monday morning holiday Children’s Day in on at Prepositions of time 时间介词 Conclusion: 总结 • 表示较长时间如：世纪、年代 、年份、 月份、季节、上午/下午/晚上以及一些习 惯用法中要用介词in。 in the 19th century; 2010; March; spring; the morning; the future • 表示某一时间点如：钟点、节日、年龄、 中午/夜晚/子夜、就餐时间或其它的习惯 用法中要用at。 at 7.30; the age of 19; noon/ night/ midnight; lunchtime; first/ last； at Christmas on Monday; March 5th; March 5th, 2010; Children’s Day; a cold morning; holiday • 表示某一天或者特定的时间如：星期、某 月某日、某年某月某日、含Day的节日、 有修饰上午/下午/晚上以及一些习惯用法 中要用介词 on。 1. Mary is flying to France soon. She will arrive in Paris ___ the morning of July 9. A. on B. in C. at 2. The twins were born __ a Friday evening. A. in B. on C. at 3. We travelled overnight to Paris and arrived __5 o’clock __ the morning. A. on, in B. at, in C. at, in 4. We finish our lessons ___ 11:30 and then have a rest __ noon. A. in , in B. at ,at C. in, at 2. 1. Mr Brown has gone to Canada. He will be back ___ two weeks. A. for B. after C. in 2. Our manager came back ___ an hour. A. in B. after C. at 3. They have been here __ an hour. A. for B. after C. in 在……之后（内）用于将来时 in + 时间段 在……之后 用于过去时 after +时间段 3. for + 时段 since + 时段 + ago since + 时间点 since + 一般过去时句子 常用于现在完成时 1.He came here __ 1992, and he has lived here ___ 1992. A. in, for B. in , since C. since, since 2.I have known Li Lei __ over five years. A. in B. since C. for 3. It has been three years since he __ here. A. come B. came C. comes 4. The old man has been away ___ two years ago. A. in B. since C. for 5.They haven’t seen Alice ______ last year. 6. Alice has been in Wonderland ______ one month. since for 4. before 在……之前 by 到……时为止,不迟于…… 1.He won’t come back ___ five . A. before B. after C. by 2.The work must be finished __ Friday. A. at B. by C. after 3.We had three meetings ___ last Friday. A. in B. before C. by • 表示持续一段时间用介词for: for＋段时间 • 表示“自……以来”,从过去某一时刻到现在, 用介词since,用于现在完成时。 • 表示从一点时间到另一点时间的一个阶段用 介词from … to …。 • 表示“在……的期间”要用介词during, during表示在特定的时间里。 • 表示某动作或者状态延续到某一时间终止, 用介词till / until。until可用于句首,而till通 常不用于句首, 不可延续的则用 not… until Conclusion: 1.Alice ______ go to bed_______11 p.m. last night 2. Wait here ______ the rain stops. 3.______get off the bus ____ it stops. until until didn’t untilDon’t Fill in the blanks: 1.______ the lifetime, Hepburn earned four more Oscar nominations. 2.It has rained ______ the day before yesterday. 3.It was a very long day for Jack. He didn’t get home from school ______ six o’clock. 1.He won’t come back ___ five . A. before B. after C. by 2.We had three meetings ___ last Friday. A. in B. before C. by since During until 二.地点介词 1.on 在……的上面,与表面接触 over 在……的正上方,不接触表面 under 在……下面(是on, over的反义词) 1.Look!There is a bridge __the river. A. on B. over C. above 2.Can you see the egg ___ the plate? A. on B. in C. over 3.The light__ us is very bright. A. over B. under C. on 2. above 在……上方 below 在……下方,是above的反义词 1. The temperature will fall__ zero at night. A. below B. above C. over 2.Suddenly there is a loud voice ___ the tree. A. below B. above C. on 3.There is a clock on the wall. It’s ___ the blackboard. A. on B. in C. above 4.A road is ___our city and there is much traffic ___it. A. on, over B. above, on C. over, on 5.The sun rose ___the horizon(地平线). A. on B. above C. over 注意: on 接触平面 over 在平面的正上方 above 在上方 3. in + 大地方 at + 小地方 on +门牌，某层楼 1.My uncle live ___ F12 __the fifth floor. A. at, on B. in, on C. on, at 2.They arrived ___Beijing at 12:00 and waited for a bus ___ the station to the hotel. A. at, in B. in, on C. in, at 4. in 里面，排、行、组 on 左、右边 at 前、后部 1.We are __Team One. I sit __the front of the classroom. Li Ping is ___my left. A. on, in , at B. in ,in ,at C. in, at, on 2.I have a good seat. I sit __the bus. A. in the front of B. in front of 3.The teacher is standing ___ our class and give a talk. A. in the front of B. in front of • in front of 是在物体外部的前面 例如: 教室前有个花园。 e.g. There is a garden in front of the classroom. • in the front of 是在物体内部的前面 例如: 教室前有张桌子。 e.g. There is a desk in the front of the classroom. • There are some apples ______ the desk. • There is a bridge ______ the river. • Sandy lives ____the ground floor. Daniel lives on the third floor. Daniel lives two floors ______ Sandy. on over above on • at一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某个范围内。 • over, above和on均表示“在……上面”,over反 义词是under; above反义词是below; on指两个 物体表面有接触。 • in front of 表示“在……前面”, 其反义词是 behind; in the middle of 表示“在……的中间” 。 • between两者之间, among“在……中”数目为三 者或三者以上, around围绕在四周。 • beside“在旁边”, inside“在……内”, outside“在……外” 。 Conclusion: • near/by/next to“在……旁边” 。 • opposite, across from“在……对面” 。 1.Mary sits ________ (在……附近) the window. 2.She is sitting _______ (在……中间) Betty and Tom. 3.Yao Ming is a popular basketball player ________ (在……之中) the Chinese people. 4.Our teacher is standing _________ (在……前 面) the blackboard. Fill in the blanks: between among near/ in front of by 5.My teacher says the earth moves _______ (围绕) the sun. 6.There is a shop _________ (在……对面) our school. around opposite 1.in 在某范围之内 to 在某范围之外 on 与某地相邻、接壤 1.China lies ___the east of Asia and ___the north of Australia. A. in, on B. in ,to C. to, in 2.Mongolia is ___the north of China. A. in B. on C. to 三.方位介词 • 三组表示位置关系的介词比较 • B is ___ the east of A. • D is ___ the east of A. • C is ___ the east of A. 1. Japan is ___ the east of Asia. 2. Japan is ___ the east of China. 3. Korea is ___ the northeast of China. north south west east A B C D in to on in to on Task 3: Run quickly! through across up down over around 四、Prepositions of movement 运动介词 横穿 从内部穿过 cross 表面穿过 through 中间穿过 1.The sunshine come into the room ___ the window. A. across B. through C. past 2.You can go ___ the road here. A. across B. through C. past 3.Can you swim ____ the river. A. across B. through C. past • up 表示“向上”,其反义词 down 表示“向 下”。 • along 表示“沿着” 。 • into 表示进入的过程; onto 为放上去的过程; out of 为“在……外部” 。 • over 表示“越过,跨过”。 Conclusion: • from 表示“ 从,自”;to 表示“向,往,到” 。 • off 表示“脱离,不触及”。 l round 表示“环绕,围绕”。 1.Millie is walking ________ the road. (沿着) 2.Simon is swimming ________ the pool. (横穿) 3.Eddie is jumping ________ the chair. (越过) 4.A train is going _______ the tunnel. (穿过) 5.Kitty is climbing _______ the hill. (向上) 6.Amy is walking ______ the sofa ______ the window. 7.Sandy is going ______ the library. (去) 8.Hobo is walking _______ the table. (环绕着) Fill in the blanks: along through across over up from to to round 1.We could not make great progress in our English _______ our teacher’s help. 2.I paid one hundred _______ the English- Chinese dictionary. 3.He spends about two hours _______ his homework every day. 4.He didn’t go to school because ______ illness. 5.If they don’t give us candies, we will play a trick ______ them. Fill in the blanks: without of for on on 没有……的帮助 付款 在……上花费 因为 对……恶作剧 Correct: 1. In the beginning of the film, there was a party. 2. Red queen’s castle is on the east of Wonderland. 3. There is an old stone bridge above the river. 4. She hid herself after the tree. 5. Alice visited the old man in Sunday afternoon. 6. She’ll leave London to China. on for At behind over in 6.He suddenly returned _________________. (在一个寒冷的雨夜) 7.More and more people like to sleep __________________. (窗户开着) 8.He will be back ______________.(三天后) Fill in the blanks: in three days on a cold rainy day with the windows open Multiple choice: 1. Where’s Alice? We are all here ______ her. A. besides B. about C. except D. with 2. She sent her friend a card a present. A. on B. as C. for D. of 3. The film is directed ______ Tim Burton. A. to B. for C. as D. by 4. Alice was late ______ the party. A. for B. to C. with D. of 5. She had been waiting ______ 10 years. A. with B. for C. of D. at 6. Alice is the girl ______ blue. A. with B. of C. in D. on _____ _ 3. to 表目的地或去的目的 for 动身去某地 1.He got on a train ___ Shanghai . A. to B. for C. towards 2.Wil you take a train___ Tianjian. A. to B. for C. at 3. I’m leaving ____ Beijing next week. A. to B. for C. towards 五.表方式、方法、手段 1. in 用材料、语言 2. with 用工具、某物 3. by 用方式、方法、手段 1.My mother often go to work ___ bike. A. in B. on C. by 2.If you are able to get the tickets tomorrow, please tell me ___ phone. A. through B. by C. on 3.The teacher is writing on the paper __ red ink and the blackboard __a piece of chalk. A. with, with B. in ,with C. with ,in 4.Can you say it ___ English? A. in B. with C. by 5.You can get some information __ the computer. A. in B. on C. by 1.between 在两者之间 among 在……当中（三者或以上） 1.Some supermarkets open __ 8:30 and 8:00 p.m.__ the Mid-Autumn Day. A. at, during B. between, during C. between, in 2.They lived ____ the mountains in the past. A. among B. between C. during 3.Don’t sit ____ the two girls. A. among B. between C. during 六.其它介词 2.except 除……之外，不包括 besides 除……之外，还包括 1.Everyone passed the exam ___ Tom. A. besides B. except C. for 2. __ Mr Li, five teachers went to the meeting. A. Besides B. Except C. Beside 3.常见的介词搭配 ①It’s very nice of you to help me. ②It’s very good for you to do exercise. ③the answer (key) to the question (lock) ④be famous for ⑤be famous as ⑥be made of ⑦be made from ⑧on time ⑨in time 1.write with a pen, cut with a knife, lock with a key… ____________________使用工具用介词 with 2. see with our eyes, do with our hands, smell with our noses, eat with our mouths… ____________________使用器官用介词 with Prepositions of ways 3. in English , in French , in your own words, in three languages… _____________________ 4. in a loud voice, in a low voice… ______________________ 5. in this way, in these ways , by this means… ______________________ 使用语言用介词 in 使用声音用介词 in 使用方法用介词 in 或 by 6.by bike, by bus, by train, by plane, by ship, by car… (on foot) by land 陆路， by road 陆路 by sea 水路，by air 空运 ________________________使用交通工具用 by 但：on the bike, on a bus, on a train, on the plane, on the ship, in the car… • be made of ＋从成品上看得出的材料 • be made from＋从成品上看不出的原料 • be made in＋产地 • be made by＋制造者 • It is said that this kind of cloth is made of silk and it is made in China. • 据说这种布料是由丝绸制成的并且由中国制造。 • This wine is made from grapes. • 这酒是葡萄酿的。 • This machine is made by Uncle Wang. • 这机器是王伯伯制造的。 介词和动词的固定搭配。 (1)同一动词和不同介词的搭配： look at (看) 　　look for(找) look after(照顾) look over(检查) look out of (朝……外面看)look (a)round(环视) arrive in＋大地方(到达) arrive at＋小地方(到达) hear of (听说) hear from(收到……的来信) spend＋钱＋on sth.(花钱做某事) spend＋时间＋(in) doing sth.(花时间做某事) 同一介词和不同动词的搭配： ask for (要求)　　leave for (动身去) send for (派人去请)　pay for (付钱) wait for (等待) agree with sb (同意某人) begin with (以……开始) help with (在……方面帮助) catch up with (赶上) get on/along with (与……相处) make friends with (与……交朋友) (2)同一介词和不同动词的搭配： ask for (要求)　　leave for (动身去) send for (派人去请)　pay for (付钱) wait for (等待) agree with sb (同意某人) begin with (以……开始) help with (在……方面帮助) catch up with (赶上) get on/along with (与……相处) make friends with (与……交朋友) (3)其他的介词和动词的搭配： listen to (听)　come from (来自……) fall off (从……上摔下)　try out (试验) knock at/on (敲) prefer...to... (比起……来还是……好) learn by oneself (自学) take care of (照顾) stop...(from)doing (阻止……做……) help oneself to＋食物 (随便吃……) get to (到达) Thanks to (多亏，由于) 介词和形容词的常见搭配： be good at (在……方面好) be weak in (在……方面差) be good for (对……有好处) be bad for (对……有坏处) be late for (迟到) be sorry for (为……遗憾，抱歉) be full of (充满) be busy with (忙于) be angry with (对某人生气) be afraid of (害怕) be interested in (对……感兴趣) be different from (与……不同) be strict with sb. in sth.(在某事上对某人严格) be fond of (喜爱) 1.害怕 2.对……惊讶 3.生气 4.对……兴奋 5.对……满意 6.以……著名 7.充满了 8.擅长 9.对……感兴趣 10.迟到 11.与……不同 be afraid of be amazed at be angry with be excited about be pleased with be famous for be filled with be good at be interested in be late for be different from Remember and translate: hear from ring up hold on send up hurry up stop sb. from doing sth. knock at/on take down/out/off laugh at take part in listen to think about look after/at/for/up/out try on take care of turn on/off make friends with wait for pay for wake up put on/up write down put sth. down worry about 中考精选练习:一.选择填空: ( )1.There is a good play______TV this evening. A. on B. by C. in （２００３佛山） ( )2. How far is it ____ Guangzhou____Beijing? 　 A. from…to B. from…for C. away…to ( )3. Japan lies _____the east of China.（２００３广东） A. to B. in C. on ( )4. Mr. Brown has gone to Canada. He will be back ___two weeks. A. for B. after C. in（２００２广东） ( )5. A: What time did you get there this morning? B: ____ eight. A. In B. At C. On A A A C B ( )6. My aunt arrived here ____a warm spring morning. A. in B. at C. on ( )7. A:When did your uncle arrive ______ China? B: He got to Guangzhou______the morning of the 16th of April. A. in, on B. in, in C. at, on ( )8. Hawaii is famous _____its beautiful beaches. A. in B. for C. with ( )9. Don’t be angry with____. He is only a child. A. he B. his C. him ( )10. We must stop children from______with fire. A. play B. played C. playing C A B C C preposition time place movement usages Prep + n./ pron. (object)/ v-ing