小学英语语法总复习
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,
名词复数规则
如:book-books, bag-bags,
cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,
如:bus-buses, box-boxes,
brush-brushes, watch-watches
如:family-families,
strawberry-strawberries
3.以“辅音字母 y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es
4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,
如:knife-knives leaf——leaves
5.不规则名词复数:
man-men, woman-women,
child-children;foot-feet;tooth-teeth
fish-fish, people-people, sheep-sheep
Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
• 写出下列各词的复数
I _____ him ____ this _______
• her ____ watch ___ child ____
• photo ___ diary ___ day______
• foot_____ book_____ dress ____
tooth____ sheep ____ box_____
strawberry _____ thief _____
you _____ peach___ sandwich ___
man_____ woman___
一般现在时基本用法介绍
一般现在时的功能
一般现在时
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
如:I get up at six every day.我天天六点起床。
如:The earth goes around the sun.
地球绕着太阳转。
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。
3.表示客观现实。
一般现在时的构成
1. be动词:主语 be (am, is, are) 其它。
如:
我是一个男孩。______________
2.行为动词:主语 行为动词( 其它)。如:
We study English.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时,
要在动词 后加“-s”或“-es”
如:玛丽喜欢汉语。_________________
I am a boy.
Mary likes Chinese.
1. be动词的变化。
否定句:主语 be not 其它。
如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。
讲义共享一般疑问句:Be 主语 其它。
如:-Are you a student?
-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
特殊疑问句:疑问词 一般疑问句。
如:Where is my bike?
一般现在时的变化
2.行为动词的变化。
否定句:主语 don’t( doesn’t ) 动词原形( 其它)。
如: I don't like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数,用doesn‘t构成否定句
如:He doesn't often play.
一般疑问句:Do( Does ) 主语 动词原形 其它。
如- Do you often play football?
- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称单数,要用does构成一般
疑问句
如 -Does she go to work by bike?
- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
动词 s的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,
如:cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,
如:guess-guesses, wash-washes,
watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“辅音字母 y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,
如study-studies
一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ______ go _______ stay ____
make ______look ______ have_______
pass_____ carry ____
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at
home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in
Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on
Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on
Sunday.
5. _____ they ______(like) the World Cup?
6. _______ your parents ______(read)
newspapers every day?
7. The girl _______(teach) us English on
Sundays.
8. She and I ________(take) a walk
together every evening.
三、按照要求改写句子
1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定
句)
______________________________________
• 2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问
句,作否定回答)
______________________________________
• 3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答)
____________________________________
4. We go to school every morning.(改为否定
句)
______________________________________
改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)
1. Is your brother speak English?
__________________
2. Does he likes going fishing?
_________________
3. He likes play games after class.
_________________
4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.
__________________
5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays.
_______________
现在进行
时
5、现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:
疑问词+be动词+主语+doing+其它?
但疑问词当主语时其结构为:
疑问词+be动词+doing+其它?
1、现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,
也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在
进行的动作。
2、现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be 动词ing.
3、现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4、现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
动词加ing的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加ing,
如:cook-cooking
2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,
如:make-making, taste-tasting
3.假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字
母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing
如:run-running, stop-stopping
• 现在进行时专项练习:
一、写出下列动词的现在分词:
run_______ swim _______make______
begin_____ go________ like________
write______ shop ______have ______
sing ______dance ______put________
see_______ love_______ live_______
take_______come _____ get _______
stop_______ sit ________
用所给的动词的正确形式填空:
1.The boy _______( draw) a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _____( sing) in the
classroom .
3. My mother ________( cook )some nice
food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They __________( have) an
English lesson .
句型转换:
1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一
般疑问句和否定句)
_________________________________
_________________________________
2.The students are cleaning the
classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否
定回答)
_________________________________
_________________________________
一般将来时
一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状
态及 打算、计划或预备做某事。句中一般
有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day
(week, month, year…),soon, the day after
tomorrow(后天)等。
二、基本结构:①be going to do;
②will do.
一般将来时
否定句:在be动词(am, is, are)l后加not
或情态动词will后加not成won’t。
例如:I’m going to have a picnic this
afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a
picnic this afternoon.
一般疑问句: be或will提到句首,some改为
any, and改为or,第一二人称互换。
例如:We are going to go on an outing t
his weekend. → Are you going to go on an
outing this weekend
五、对划线部分提问。一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部
分有三种情况。
六、同义句:be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天).
= I will go swimming tomorrow.
3、问什么时候。When.例如:She’s going to go to
bed at nine. →When is she going to bed?
2、问干什么。What … do.例如: My father is
going to watch a race with me this afternoon.
→What is
your father going to do with you this afternoon.
1、问人。Who 例如:I’m going to New York soon.
→Who’s going to New York soon.
练习:填空。
1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I____ _____ _____ have a picnic with my
friends.
I ______ have a picnic with my friends.
2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮
What ____ _____ _____ _____ _____next
Monday?
I ___ ___ ___ play basketball.
3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买
一些水果。
___ your mother ____ ___ go shopping
this _____?
Yes, she _____. She ____ ____ ____
buy some fruit.
4. 你们打算什么时候见面。
What time ____ you ____ _____ meet?
•用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Today is a sunny day. We
________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.
•2. My brother _________(go) to
Shanghai next week.
•3.Tom often ________(go) to school on
foot. But today is rain. He _______ (go)
to school by bike.
•用所给词的适当形式填空。
•4. What do you usually do at
weekends?
I usually ________ (watch) TV and
________(catch) insects?
•5.It’s Friday today. What _____she
_________ (do) this weekend?
She _______ (watch) TV and
__________ (catch) insects.
一般过去时
1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或
存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一
般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was
(was not=wasn’t)
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。
(were not=weren’t)
3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句:didn’t 动词原形,
如:Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
动词过去式变化规则:
1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,
如:work- -worked ,
2.结尾是e加d,如:live--lived
3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母
的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再
加- ed 如:stop-stopped
4.以“辅音字母 y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-
ed,如:study-studied
5.不规则动词过去式:
am、 is-was, are-were, do-did
see-saw, say-said, give-gave,
get-got go-went, come-came,
have-had, eat-ate take-took, run-ran,
sing-sang, put-put, make-made,
read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew,
drink-drank, swim-swam, sit-sat
用动词的适当形式填空
1. It ____ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday.
2. We all ____ (have) a good time last
night.
3. He ____ (jump) high on last Sports
Day.
4. Helen _____ (milk) a cow on Friday.
用动词的适当形式填空
5. She likes ______ newspapers, but she
_____a book yesterday. (read)
6. ____ they ______ (sweep) the floor on
Sunday?
No, they _____.
7. I _____ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.
形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习
一、形容词的比较级
1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事
物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带
有单词than。比较级前面可以用
more, a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的
人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。
形容词加er的规则:
⑴一般在词尾加er ;
⑵以字母e 结尾,加r ;
⑶以元音字母和辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅
音字母,再加er ;
⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾,先把y变i,再加er
不规则形容词比较级:good-better,
beautiful-more beautiful 。
二、副词的比较级
1.形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形,有形用be;
有动用副,有副用动)
⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之
后
⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后
2.副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相
同 (不规则变化:well-better,far-farther
写出下列形容词或副词的比较级
short_____ strong_____ big_____
small_______ fat_______ thin_______
heavy____ light______ nice______
good______ beautiful____ low_____
high________ slow_____ fast_______
late______ early______ far______ well______
根据句意填入单词的正确形式:
1. My brother is two years ________(old)
than me.
2. Tom is as ________(fat) as Jim.
3. Is your sister __________(young) than
you? Yes, she is.
4. Who is _________(thin), you or Helen?
Helen is.
5._____Nancy sing _____(well) than Helen?
Yes, she ___.
6.Fangfang is not as __(tall) as the other girls.
7.My eyes are ______(big) than ___ (she).
8.Who gets up ______(early), Tim or Tom?
9._____the girls get up ______(early) than the
boys? No, they______.
翻译句子:
1、谁比Jim年纪大?是你。
___ is ___than Jim? ___ are
2.我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。
I like ___. All my___ ___ ___than me.
3、谁的铅笔更长,他的还是她的?我想是她的。
___pencil is ____,___or____?
____is, I think.
翻译句子:
4.我母亲比我父亲年纪小。
My___ ___ ___than my ___.
5.多做运动,你会更强壮。
___ more exercise,
you’ll ___ ___soon.
There be 句型与have, has的区别
1、There be 句型表示:在某地有某人/物
2、在there be 句型中,主语是单数,be
动词用is ; 主语是复数,be 动词用are ;
如有几件物品,be 动词根据最近be 动词的
那个名词决定。
There be 句型与have, has的区别
3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加
not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。
4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别:
there be表示在某地有某人/物;have(has)
表示某人拥有某物。
5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用
some 用于肯定 ,any用于否定句或疑问
句。
6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用:
and 用于肯定句,or 用于否定句或疑问句。
7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构
是:
How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词
短语?
How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介
词短语?
8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构
是:
What’s + 介词短语
Fill in the blank with “have, has”or
“there is , there are”
1. I _______ a good father and a good
mother.
2. ______a telescope on the desk.
3. He______ a tape-recorder.
4. ______a basketball in the playground.
5. She______ some dresses.
人称代词和物主代词
1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别:主格通
常位于句中第一个动词之前(有时候位于
than 之后),宾格一般位于动词或介词
之后。
2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别:
形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词,名词
性则单独使用,后面不带名词。
人称代词和物主代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性
I me my mine
you you your yours
he him his his
she her her hers
it it its its
we us our ours
they them their theirs
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. That is not _____kite. That kite is very small,
but ____is very big. ( I )
2. The dress is ___. Give it to ____( she )
3. ___is my brother. ___ name is Jack. Look!
Those stamps are___ ( he )
4. I can find my toy, but where’s _____? ( you )
5. Show _______ your kite, OK? (they)
用am,is,are填空。
1. That ______ my red skirt.
2. Who ______ I?
3.The jeans ______ on the desk.
4. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.
5. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.
6. The two cups of milk _____ for me.
7. Some tea ______ in the glass.
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