小升初英语总复习语法小升初名词复数以及所有格名词完美

小升初名词复数以及所 有格名词 • student beautiful apple jump panda angry ruler run bird cry happy ice-cream water bear chair school desk short Mike many give zoo Shanghai tomato Sunday sad January Easter long window like wall fly car doctor man Monday October Children’s Day happiness 你能找出那些是名词吗？ • student apple panda ruler bird ice-cream school water bear chair desk Mike zoo Shanghai tomato Sunday January Easter window wall car doctor man Monday October Children’s Day happiness 什么是名词？ 名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念等的词。 名词的分类 名词的分类有两种： 一、根据意义可分为普通名词和专有名词。 二、名词根据是否能够用数字来计算，可以 分为可数名词和不可数名词。 • 1、什么是普通名词？ • 普通名词是表示某一类人、某一类事物、某种物 质或抽象概念的名称。 • 如： student apple panda ruler bird ice-cream school water bear chair desk Mike zoo Shanghai tomato Sunday January Easter window wall car doctor man Monday October Children’s Day happiness • 2、什么是专有名词？ Mike China the Great Wall Shanghai Sunday January Easter 专有名词是个人、团体、地方、机构或事物 的名称，其开头字母要大写。 二、根据是否能够用数字来计算 • 可数名词： • student apple panda ruler bird ice- cream water bear chair school desk zoo tomato window wall car doctor man 不可数名词： happy water happiness milk juice tea 可数名词分为单数和复数. 名词复数变化规则 •1． 2． book-books bag-bags desk-desks student-students window-windows boy-boys 一般加s， 如: bus-buses box-boxes, brush-brushes watch-watches 以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加es， • 如： family-families strawberry-strawberries 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加es knife-knives wife-wives leaf-leaves 4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v+es 如：tomato-tomatoes potato-potatoes radio-radios zoo-zoos photo-photos 5.以o结尾的词，有生命的加es, 无生命的加s • 5．不规则变化： • man-men woman-women • mouse-mice child-children • foot-feet tooth-teeth • fish-fish people-people • Chinese-Chinese sheep-sheep • Japanese-Japanese • policeman-policemen • policewoman-policewomen 不可数名词数量的表达 • 不可数名词本身是不可数的。不可数名词一般不 分单数和复数，也不能与a,an直接连用。若要表示 数量，需要加适当的单位名词或单位名词词组。 如用of词组来表示。 • 如：a cup of tea/coffee two bags of rice • some bottles of orange juice • a piece of tofu • a piece of meat • 一、写出下列名词的单数或复数形式。 • bus _____ sheep _____ woman_____ dress____ story _____ watch _____ • pencil-box ______ tomato______ • apple _____ tree ____ stamp____ baby____ tooth_____ student_____ star___ • family _____ farmer ____ month ____ • photo ____ fish____ peach ____ • policeman _____ knife____ box _____ shelf ____ man ______ child______ leaf ___ zoo____ sheep ___ foot____ woman______ deer_____ buses sheep women dresses stories watches pencil-boxes tomatoes apples trees stamps babies teeth students stars families farmers month photos fish peaches policemen knives boxes shelves men children leaves zoos sheep • 二、用下列名词的正确形式填空。 • 1.Is this__________ (apple)? No, It isn’t. • 2.What are these? They are ________ (orange). • 3.Pass me _________ (pencil). • 4.Give me some _________ (egg), please. • 5.Are those your_______ (shoe)? Yes, they are. • 6.Is the big _________（orange）Linda’s? • 7.There are two________ (knife) in the pencil-box. • 8.This ______(T-shirt) is big. • 9.How many_______(fish) are there in the river? • 10.They have some new_____（hat）. • 11.A pig’s______ (ear) are big. an apple oranges pencils/a pencil eggs shoes orange knives T-shirt fishes hats ears 1. There are seven ______ (sheep) on the hill. 2. There is some_ ___ (food) in the fridge. 3. The baby has only two ______ (tooth) now. 4. There is a lot of ______ (water) in the bottle. 5. There are five _____ (people ) in his family. 6. Let’s take some _______ (photo), OK? 7. I have lots of ________ (tomato) here. 8. The ________ (leaf) on the tree turn yellow. 9. The ______ (child) are playing games on the playground now. sheep food teeth water people photos tomatoes leaves childern 10. Their ________ (dictionary) look new. 11. I see you have a few white ________ (hair). 12. They are ________ (woman) doctors. 13. Can you give me some bottles of ____ (orange), please? 14. There are many ________ (fox) in the picture. 15. I would like some apple ________ (juice). I am very thirsty. dictionaries hairs women orange foxes juice • 名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫名词所有格。名词 的所有格有一下几种形式： • 　　一、表示有生命的名词的名词所有格词 • 　　1. 一般情况在名词后加's • 　　例如： • Mary’s book my sister’s clothes • 　 That girl's coat is in the room. • 那个女孩的衣服在房间里。 • 　　2. 在以s结尾的名词（包括以s结尾的复数名词）后面， 只加 ‘。 如果复数名词不是以s结尾的，末尾也要加’s。例如： • the children’s presents 孩子们的礼物 • Women’s Day the students’ books • Today is Teachers' Day. 今天是教师节。 • Children‘s Day is coming。儿童节就要到了。 • 　　　 3. 表示词组内的并列名词各自的所有关系时，须在各个名词后加‘s；如果一个东西为两个人或者两个以上的人共同拥有，只在最后一个名词后面加’s。 例如： Mary and Jane ‘s car Mary’s and Jane ‘s cars • 　　They are John's and Kate's rooms. • He is Lily and Lucy's father. 。 4. 表示某人的家、店铺等的所有格，一般可以省略它后面所修饰的名词。 例如： My father and I will have dinner at the Johnson‘s （home ）。 　 We will have our hair cut at the barber‘s（shop） tomorrow afternoon. • 　　 • 5. 有些指时间、距离、国家、城镇等的名词，也 可以加's构成所有格。例如： • There is something important in today's • newspaper. • 　　It's about ten minutes' walk from school to our home every day. • 6. 英语名词所有格修饰的词，如果前面已经提到 过，后面则可以省略，以防止重复。 • 　　例如： • 　　This is not Dick's dictionary, but it’s Tom's. 　　 • 二、由of短语构成的所有格 • 　　1. 表示“无生命的名词”一般与of构成短语，表示所 有关系。 • 如: There is a river on the other side of the road. • 在公路的另一边有一条河。 • 　　2. 有时我们用名词 + of +名词所有格构成双重所有格的 形式。例如： • 　　This is a photo of Mr Brown's. 这是一张布朗先生的照片。 • 　　名词所有格用法口诀 • 　　英语名词所有格，表示物品所有权。 • 　　名词后加 's，这种情况最常见。 • 　　两者共有添最后，各有 各添记心间。 • 　　复数名词有s, 后面只把 '来添。 • 　　名词若为无生命，我们常把of用。 • 　　A of B是B的A，体现英汉序不同。 • 用所给词的适当形式填空： 1.March 8th is __________Day. (woman). • 2.Taking twenty __________(分钟) exercise every day is good for your health. • 3.The shop sells ____________(妇女) handbags. • 4.Teachers in western countries have a __________(三个月的) holiday in a year. • 5.I’ll give my English teacher a card for ____________Day. (teacher) • 6.It’s only ten __________walk from the station to the hotel. (minute) • 7.It’s an __________(hour) ride from here to the museum. Women’s minutes’ women’s three months’ Teachers’ minutes’ hour’s • 选择填空： • 2．This is _____ room. The twin sisters like it very much. • A. Lucy’s and Lily’s B. Lucy’s and Lily C. Lucy and Lily’s • 3．In ______ time, those mountains will be covered with trees, too. • A. few years B. a few years’ • C. a few year D. a few year’s • 4．We will have a ____ holiday after the exam. • A. two month B. two–month • C. two month’s D. two–months • 5．Did you hear the ___________report? • A. policemen B. policemen’s • C. policemens’ D. policemens • 6．It’s about ______walk from my home. • A. ten minute B. ten minutes’ • C. ten minute’s D. ten minutes c B B B B • 7．This is my dress. That one is _______. • A. Mary B. Mary’s C. sister D. mother • 8．Every morning Mr. Smith takes a _____to his office. • A. 20 minutes walk B. 20 minute’s walk • C. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk • 9．Where is ______ sweater ? I can’t see it. • A. Lucy B. Lucys C. Lucy’s • 10．______ mothers made them have piano lessons. • A. Peter and B. Peter’s and Anne’s • C. Peter’s and Anne D. Peter and Anne’s • 11．The room on the right is ________. • A. her B. she C. Lucy’s D. Lucy • 12．We’ll have a ____________ holiday. • What about going to the West Lake? • A. two days B. two-day C. two-days D. two-days’ B D C B C B • 13.The market isn’t far from here. It’s only __ bicycle ride. • A. half an hours’ B. half an hour’s • C. half an hour D. an hour and a half • 14．Where’s your father ? At _________. • A. Mr. Green’s B. Mr. Green C. the Mr. Green’s • 15．The twin brothers always put small presents in _____stockings on Christmas Day. • A. each other’s B. each other • C. each others D. each others’ • 16．My father will have a ____ holiday next month. He’ll take me to Qingdao. • A. ten days B. ten days’ C. ten-days D. ten day’s • 17．Where have you been these days? • I have been to Bei Daihe with a friend ____. • A. in Chinese B. of Japan • C. of American’s D. from Canada B A A B D 名词所有格 • 什么是名词所有格？ • 名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫名词所有 格。名词的所有格有一下几种形式： • 1、表示有生命的人或物的名词所有格形式，在此 名词词尾家’s • ⑴单数名词加’s， • 如： Mary’s book my sister’s clothes • ⑵以s结尾的复数名词只加’， 不以s结尾复数名 词要加’s, 如： • the children’s presents 孩子们的礼物 • Women’s Day the students’ books • ⑶ 表示几个人共有，仅在最后一个人的名字后加’s, 表示各自所有时，需在各个名字后加’s. • 如： • Mary and Jane ‘s car ( 她俩个人共有的车） Mary’s and Jane ‘s cars（她俩各自的车） • 2、表示无生命的东西的所有格形式：名词+of+所有 者， • 如：the name of the zoo 动物园的名字 • a map of China Answers:1－5 DCBBB 6－10 BBDCB 11－ 15 CBBAA 16－20 BDDDA 21－26 BBBCBB 1.Women’s 2. minutes’ 3. women’s 4. three months’ 5. Teachers’ 6. minutes’ 7. hour’s 1、什么是普通名词？ 普通名词是表示某一类人、某一类事 物、某种物质或抽象概念的名称。 student apple panda angry ruler bird ice-cream school water bear chair desk Mike zoo Shanghai tomato Sunday January Easter window like wall car doctor man Monday October Children’s Day happiness 专题一 名词 • 名词的概念： • 名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念等的词。 • 如： student apple panda ruler bird • ice-cream bear school desk 名词的分类 • 根据意义可分为普通名词和专有名词。 • 1、什么是普通名词？ • 普通名词是表示某一类人、某一类事物、某种物 质或抽象概念的名称。 • 如：water machine happiness • 2、什么是专有名词？ • 专有名词是个人、团体、地方、机构或事物的名 称，其开头字母要大写。 • 如：Mike China the Great Wall • Shanghai Sunday January Easter 名词的数 • 名词根据是否能够用数字来计算，可以分为可数 名词和不可数名词。 • 如：water desk coffee book tomato • zoo car doctor time milk rice man • 可数名词： • desk book tomato zoo car doctor man • 不可数名词： • water coffee time milk rice 可数名词分为单数和复数，单数可数名词表 示泛指可与 a, an 连用。表示特制与the连用 名词复数变化规则 • 1．一般加s， 如： book-books bag-bags • 2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加es， 如: bus-buses box-boxes, brush-brushes watch-watches • 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加es 如： family-families strawberry-strawberries • 4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v+es 如：knife-knives wife-wives leaf-leaves 5.以o结尾的词，有生命的加es, 无生命的加s 如：tomato — tomatoes potato— potatoes radio — radios zoo — zoos photo — photos • 5．不规则变化： • man-men woman-women • mouse-mice child-children • foot-feet tooth-teeth • fish-fish people-people • Chinese-Chinese sheep-sheep • Japanese-Japanese • policeman-policemen • policewoman-policewomen 不可数名词数量的表达 • 不可数名词本身是不可数的。不可数名词一般不 分单数和复数，也不能与a,an直接连用。若要表示 数量，需要加适当的单位名词或单位名词词组。 如用of词组来表示。 • 如：a cup of tea/coffee two bags of rice • some bottles of orange juice • a piece of tofu • a piece of meat • 一、写出下列名词的单数或复数形式。 • bus _____ sheep _____ woman_____ dress____ story _____ watch _____ • pencil-box ______ tomato______ • apple _____ tree ____ stamp____ baby____ tooth_____ student_____ star___ • family _____ farmer ____ month ____ • photo ____ fish____ peach ____ • policeman _____ knife____ box _____ shelf ____ man ______ child______ leaf ___ zoo____ sheep ___ foot____ woman______ deer_____ buses sheep women dresses stories watches pencil-boxes tomatoes apples trees stamps babies teeth students stars families farmers month photos fish peaches policemen knives boxes shelves men children leaves zoos sheep • 二、用下列名词的正确形式填空。 • 1.Is this__________ (apple)? No, It isn’t. • 2.What are these? They are ________ (orange). • 3.Pass me _________ (pencil). • 4.Give me some _________ (egg), please. • 5.Are those your_______ (shoe)? Yes, they are. • 6.Is the big _________（orange）Linda’s? • 7.There are two________ (knife) in the pencil-box. • 8.This ______(T-shirt) is big. • 9.How many_______(fish) are there in the river? • 10.They have some new_____（hat）. • 11.A pig’s______ (ear) are big. an apple oranges pencils/a pencil eggs shoes orange knives T-shirt fishes hats ears 1. There are seven ______ (sheep) on the hill. 2. There is some_ ___ (food) in the fridge. 3. The baby has only two ______ (tooth) now. 4. There is a lot of ______ (water) in the bottle. 5. There are five _____ (people ) in his family. 6. Let’s take some _______ (photo), OK? 7. I have lots of ________ (tomato) here. 8. The ________ (leaf) on the tree turn yellow. 9. The ______ (child) are playing games on the playground now. sheep food teeth water people photos tomatoes leaves childern 10. Their ________ (dictionary) look new. 11. I see you have a few white ________ (hair). 12. They are ________ (woman) doctors. 13. Can you give me some bottles of ____ (orange), please? 14. There are many ________ (fox) in the picture. 15. I would like some apple ________ (juice). I am very thirsty. dictionaries hairs women orange foxes juice • 在小升初英语中，特别是表示有生命的名词，可以加's表示 所属关系，名词的这种形式我们称之为名词的所有格。 • 　　一、名词词尾加's的所有格 • 　　1. 一般情况在名词后加's • 　　例如： • Mary’s book my sister’s clothes • 　 That girl's coat is in the room. • 那个女孩的衣服在房间里。 • 　　2. 在以s结尾的名词（包括以s结尾的复数名词）后面， 只加 ‘。 如果复数名词不是以s结尾的，末尾也要加’s。例如： • the children’s presents 孩子们的礼物 • Women’s Day • the students’ books • Today is Teachers' Day. 今天是教师节。 • Children‘s Day is coming。儿童节就要到了。 • 　　　 3. 表示词组内的并列名词各自的所有关系时，须在各个名词后加‘s；如果一个东西为两个人或者两个以上的人共同拥有，只在最后一个名词后面加’s。 例如： Mary and Jane ‘s car Mary’s and Jane ‘s cars • 　　They are John's and Kate's rooms. • He is Lily and Lucy's father. 。 4. 表示某人的家、店铺等的所有格，一般可以省略它后面所修饰的名词。 例如： My father and I will have dinner at the Johnson‘s （home ）。 　 We will have our hair cut at the barber‘s（shop） tomorrow afternoon. • 　　 • 5. 有些指时间、距离、国家、城镇等的名词，也 可以加's构成所有格。例如： • There is something important in today's • newspaper. • 　　It's about ten minutes' walk from school to our home every day. • 6. 英语名词所有格修饰的词，如果前面已经提到 过，后面则可以省略，以防止重复。 • 　　例如： • 　　This is not Dick's dictionary, but it’s Tom's. 　　 • 二、由of短语构成的所有格 • 　　1. 表示“无生命的名词”一般与of构成短语，表示所 有关系。 • 如: There is a river on the other side of the road. • 在公路的另一边有一条河。 • 　　2. 有时我们用名词 + of +名词所有格构成双重所有格的 形式。例如： • 　　This is a photo of Mr Brown's. 这是一张布朗先生的照片。 • 　　名词所有格用法口诀 • 　　英语名词所有格，表示物品所有权。 • 　　名词后加 's，这种情况最常见。 • 　　两者共有添最后，各有 各添记心间。 • 　　复数名词有s, 后面只把 '来添。 • 　　名词若为无生命，我们常把of用。 • 　　A of B是B的A，体现英汉序不同。 • 用所给词的适当形式填空： 1.March 8th is __________Day. (woman). • 2.Taking twenty __________(分钟) exercise every day is good for your health. • 3.The shop sells ____________(妇女) handbags. • 4.Teachers in western countries have a __________(三个月的) holiday in a year. • 5.I’ll give my English teacher a card for ____________Day. (teacher) • 6.It’s only ten __________walk from the station to the hotel. (minute) • 7.It’s an __________(hour) ride from here to the museum. Women’ minutes’ women’s three months’ Teachers’ minutes’ hour’s • 7．This is my dress. That one is _______. • A. Mary B. Mary’s C. sister D. mother • 8．Every morning Mr. Smith takes a _____to his office. • A. 20 minutes walk B. 20 minute’s walk • C. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk • 9．Where is ______ sweater ? I can’t see it. • A. Lucy B. Lucys C. Lucy’s • 10．______ mothers made them have piano lessons. • A. Peter and B. Peter’s and Anne’s • C. Peter’s and Anne D. Peter and Anne’s • 11．The room on the right is ________. • A. her B. she C. Lucy’s D. Lucy • 12．We’ll have a ____________ holiday. • What about going to the West Lake? • A. two days B. two-day C. two-days D. two-days’ B D C B C B • 13.The market isn’t far from here. It’s only __ bicycle ride. • A. half an hours’ B. half an hour’s • C. half an hour D. an hour and a half • 14．Where’s your father ? At _________. • A. Mr. Green’s B. Mr. Green C. the Mr. Green’s • 15．The twin brothers always put small presents in _____stockings on Christmas Day. • A. each other’s B. each other • C. each others D. each others’ • 16．My father will have a ____ holiday next month. He’ll take me to Qingdao. • A. ten days B. ten days’ C. ten-days D. ten day’s • 17．Where have you been these days? • I have been to Bei Daihe with a friend ____. • A. in Chinese B. of Japan • C. of American’s D. from Canada B A A B D