小升初英语语法专项复习副词完美

副词 (adv.) 1.什么是副词 • 副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句的词， 表示时间、地点、程度、状态等。如： • (1)The wind is blowing strongly.风刮的很大。 • （副词strongly修饰动词blow,表示程度） • （2）I can see clearly.我能看的清。 • （副词clearly修饰动词see） • (3)It is very late.天很晚了。 • （副词very修饰形容词late） • (4)You speak too quickly.你说的太快（副词修饰副词） • （副词too修饰副词quickly） 2.副词的种类 • 副词根据它们的意义，可以分为下面几类。 • （1）时间副词：表示“什么时候” “频率”。 • always 总是 often经常 usually通常 • seldom不常 sometimes有时 now现在 • then那时 today今天 yesterday昨天 • (2)地点副词：主要描述地点。 • here这里 there那儿 up向上 • down向下 back向后 everywhere到处 2.副词的种类 • (3)程度副词：主要表示程度。 • much很；非常 little很少 very非常 • too太 enough足够地 quite十分地 • (4)方式副词：主要表示“怎样地”。 • slowly慢慢地 quickly快地 suddenly突然地 • warmly热情地 neatly整洁地 quietly安静地 • badly糟糕地 happily快乐地 • (5)疑问副词：用来引导一个特殊疑问句。 • how 怎样 when 什么时候 • where 在哪里 why为什么 3.副词的位置 • （1）副词修饰动词时，通常位于被修饰动词的后面。 • We should study hard.我们应该努力学习。 • You walk too fast.你走得太快。 • （2）副词修饰形容词时，通常放在该形容词的前面。 • The boy is too young to go toschool.那个孩子太小，不能上学。 • Mark Twin is a very funny man.马克吐温是一个非常有趣的人。 • （3）副词修饰副词时，通常放在被修饰副词的前面。 • Lihua dance very well.李华舞跳得很好。 • Thank you very much.非常感谢 • （4）表示频率的副词，通常位于主谓之间，也可以位 于句首。 • He often goes to school by bike.他经常骑车上学。 • Sometimes he goes to see his mother.他有时候去看他母亲。 • 副词和形容词一样，也有三个等级：原级、比较级和最高级。 • （1）表示等于(同级间)时用原级。 • He runs as fast as I.他和我跑的一样快。 • 其否定句型：not so/as…as… • He doesn’t run so fast as I.他跑的不如我快。 • （2）表示两者之间进行比较时用比较级。 • Cars run faster than buses.小汽车比公共汽车跑得快。 • （3）表示三者或三者以上的比较，用最高级。 • He runs（the）fastest in his class.在他班上他跑得最快。 • She jumps（the）farthest of the girls.在那些女孩中，她跳得最远。 • 5.副词的比较级和最高级的构成 • 与形容词比较级构成的规则相同。 • 注意：副词最高级也要加定冠词“the”但可以省略。 4.副词的比较级和最高级。 三、不规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least old older/elder oldest/eldest far farther/further farthest/furthest Change them into comparative and superlative degrees. • far • many/much • little • well/good • bad/ill • tired farther farthest more most less least better best worse worst more tired most tired • 1. easy（反义词） 2 .busy （比较级） • 3. big （最 高级） 4. hungry（比较级） • 5. new （反义词） 6. well （比较级） • 7. worst （原级） 8. red （比较级) • 9. nice （最高级） 10. little （比较级） • 11.China （形容词） 12.cheap （反义词） 1. 形容词与副词 1.1 形容词表示某一事物或者人的特征；副 词表示某一动作的特征。 形容词主要是用来修饰名词的，放在名词之前， 往往翻译为：……的 e.g. a beautiful flower a short man I am happy She looks sad 一朵漂亮的花 一个矮的男人 我很开心 她看起来很难过 形名 be形 动副 而副词主要用来修饰动词，放在动词之后，往往翻译为……地 e.g. He runs quickly. She works busily. They speak English slowly. The baby cries loudly 他跑地很快 她忙碌地工作 他们说英语说得很慢 婴儿大声地哭泣 形名 be形 动副 1. He is _________. He often dances__________. 2. He is crying____________. He is __________. 3.What an _________ boy ! 形容词+名词 be动词（系动词look看起来）+形容词 动词+副词 happy happily sad sadly angry angrily 1.2 形容词的构成 由名词变为形容词 (1) 名词后加-y e.g. fun-funny sun-sunny cloud-cloudy luck-lucky rain-rainy snow-snowy wind-windy health-healthy (2) 名词后面加-ly e.g. love-lovely friend-friendly day-daily 形容词与副词之间是如何转换？ 1.3 副词的构成 在形容词的基础上构成 (1) 在形容词词尾直接加-ly e.g. quick-quickly slow-slowly quiet-quietly beautiful-beautifully (2) 以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变 y为i,然后再加-ly e.g. busy-busily noisy-noisily angry-angrily easy-easily (3) 特殊情况 loud(adj.)-aloud/loudly(adv.) (形容词与副词同形) good-well late 迟到地 early 早地 hard 刻苦地；努力地 fast 迅速地 slow → quick → loud → quiet → good → well (好） loud→aloud 形容词 副词 slowly quickly loudly quietly heavy→ happy→ angry→ busy→ easy→ heavily happily angrily busily easily late early hard fast near high + ly 改y 为i ，再 + ly 形副同型 不规则 用单词的适当形式填空 1.Lily must be__________ at English. She speaks English_______. (good) 2.Ben got up ________ this morning. He was _________ for school. (late) 3.Typhoon Meiling is very__________. It is blowing____________. (strong). 4. Jenny looked at the puppy_________. (sad) Jenny looked __________. 5. The food in Thailand looks_________.(good) good well late late strong strongly sadly sad good 出门小测 • 按要求写单词 • 1.friend(形容词）_________ 2.rain(形容词）_________ • 3.slow(副词）__________ 4.happy(副词）_________ • 5.late(副词）__________ 6.slow(副词）__________ • 7.good(副词）_________ 8.easy(副词）__________ • 9.Our teacher is very_______(friend)to us. • 10.We should listen________(careful)in class. 1.形容词+名词 a beautiful girl 2.be动词（系动词look 看起来）+形容词 look good 3.动词+副词 run slowly 入门小测（10.22周日） 1.early （反义词）________ 2.good(副词）__________ 3.slow(副词）_________ 4.happy(副词）__________ 5.sun(形容词）_________ 6.angry(副词）________ 7.He's an _____boy. A.America B.American C.Chinese 8.Do you have____to tell me? A.something new B.new something C.anything new 9.He is _____at English A.well B.good C.better 10.My sister can dance very_____(good). 两部分必须 具备可比性 一、形容词和副词的同级比较 同级比较：as+形容词/副词(原级)+as 翻译为(…与…一样) • e.g. 他的苹果和我的一样小 • His apple is as small as mine. • 他学习和他的姐姐一样努力 • He studies as hard as his sister. • 她的房间和我的一样大 • Her room is as big as mine. 他比李明高 他比李明更高 他更高比李明 二. 形容词与副词的比较级 1.形容词与副词有三种形式：原级、比较 级、最高级 比较级：形容词后加-er 更……的 最高级：the+形容词后加-est 最……的 e.g. long-longer 更长的 tall-taller 更高的 strong-stronger-the strongest(最强壮的) the shortest tree the tallest student 最矮的树 最高的学生 2.比较级的重要特征： 句中出现than时，形容词要变为比较 级形式 (……比……更……) e.g. He is _____(tall) than me. The Changjiang River is_____(long) than the Yellow River. I am______(strong)than him. She is_____(happy)than before. taller longer stronger happier 3.形容词的比较级变化规则 (1) 一般直接在词后+er e.g. strong-stronger tall-taller 单音节词如果以-e结尾，则直接加-r e.g. late-later 晚的-更晚的 (2) 重读闭音节词如果末尾只有一个 辅音字母，须双写这个字母，再加-er e.g. big-bigger thin-thinner fat-fatter sad-sadder (3) 以辅音字母加-y构成的形容词， 变-y为-i,再加-er e.g. busy-busier noisy-noisier early-earlier heavy-heavier happy-happier 忙碌-更忙碌的 吵闹的-更吵闹的 早的-更早的 重的-更重的 开心的-更开心的 (4)多音节形容词/副词的比较级应在 原级前加more构成 e.g. beautiful-more beautiful careful-more careful interesting-more interesting 美丽的-更美丽的 小心的-更小心的 有趣的-更有趣的 • different-more different • quietly-more quietly quickly-more quickly 不同的-更不同的 安静地-更安静地 迅速地-更迅速地 (5) 不规则变化 e.g. good/well-better-best (原级) (比较级) (最高级) bad/ill-worse-worst many/much-more-most little/few-less-least far-farther/further-farthest/furthest old-older/elder-oldest/eldest 原级变为比较级的顺口溜 原级变成比较级,er结尾要牢记；一般情况 直接加,以e结尾需去e。辅音加y变为i，难过 胖瘦和大的，双写尾字加er。大多双音多音 节,词前加more就可以；不规则词没几个,说 来总共有三对,"病坏""两多"与"两好",一个"远 "来一个"老"。little、few很省心，less全部照顾到。 . Heart A is biggest among the five hearts A 在五颗心里 最大 他在班里最高 He is the tallest in the class. 李(最 高) 张 王 赵 关 曹 … … … 在一个大集合中,共五类 红色的在三个中最大 原级变为最高级顺口溜 • 最高级,也容易,原级后加est,变化仿照比较级,多数双音、多音节,前加most牢 牢记。还有一点要留意,the后再加最高级。 入门小测（10.22周日） 1.early （反义词）________ 2.good(副词）__________ 3.slow(副词）_________ 4.happy(副词）__________ 5.sun(形容词）_________ 6.angry(副词）________ 7.He's an _____boy. A.America B.American C.Chinese 8.Do you have____to tell me? A.something new B.new something C.anything new 9.He is _____at English A.well B.good C.better 10.My sister can dance very_____(good). late well slowly happily sunny angrily B C B well 出门测试（10.22 周日） 写出下列形容词、副词的比较级 1.big___ 2.good___ 3.long___ 4.tall___ 5.old___ 6.short___ 7.thin____ 8.heavy___ 9.young__ 10.fat___ bigger better longer taller older或elder shorter thinner heavier younger fatter 入门测试（10.28 周六） 一、写出比较级 light___ strong___ big___ good___ short___ thin____ heavy___ young__ fat___ early___ late___ well___ fast___ slow___ quick___ long___ tall___ old___ lighter stronger bigger better shorter thinner heavier younger fatter earlier later better faster slower quicker longer taller older或elder 入门测试（10.29 周日）为顺口溜背诵 小练笔 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1) I can swim as _______ ( fast ) as the fish, I think. 2) Look! His hands are ______ ( big ) than mine. 3) I think you do these things_____( well ) than your classmates. 4) Whose bag is ____ ( heavy ), yours or mine? 5) Does Jim run as ___(slow ) as David? Yes, but Mike runs_____ ( slow ) than them. fast bigger better heavier slow slower 出门测试 用所给单词适当形式填空。 1.Who is_______(fat),Li Ming,Danny or Jenny? 2.Jackie Chan is one of the best______(actor)in China. 3.Is your sister______(tall)than you? 4.He is good at_______(learn)Chinese. 5.The children look very______today,they are playing______in the park. A.happy,happy B.happily,happily C.happy,happily D.happily,happy 每日英语 1.be good at……擅长……(be指的是be动词）后加名词或动名词（动词ing） 2.speak English well英语说得好 3.be late for school上学迟到(be指的是be动词） 4.get up early起床很早 5. look good看起来很好 6.How often……多久一次 7.Once a week 一周一次 8.enjoy oneself 过得愉快 9.enjoy doing享受某事（doing为动词ing） 10.go shopping去购物 11.too…to…太……而不能…… 例如：He is too short to reach the desk 他太矮了而不能够到桌子。 12.excited 兴奋的（指人）exciting令人兴奋的（指事物） 例：He is excited like a baby.他兴奋的像个孩子。 The good news is exciting.这个好消息令人振奋。 • 1．We don't have ________ (many, much )snow here. • 2．There are a ________ (few, little ) eggs in the box. • 3．He speaks English ________ (slow, fast). • 4．I can't read this word, ________ (either, too). • 5．He plays tennis ________ (good, well). • 6．I'm fifteen years ________ (tall, old ,long, big). • 7．I have ________ (much, any, a little, some )friends in New York. • 8．Please give me ________(a piece, many, a few) of paper. much few fast too well old some a piece 下列每个句子中都有一处错误，请把错误画出来，并改正 1 This apple is much big than that one. • . 2 This book is as more interesting as that one. • . 3 Alice’s hair is longer as Susan’s. • . 4 Nowadays, all the children live happy. • . 5 Linda’s box is heaviest of the three. Let’s help her. • . 照例句改写句子 • A：The book is new. This is a new book • 1.That woman is thin. • 2.That clock is new. • 3.Those bikes are cold. • 4.This apple is big. • 5.These babies are lovely. • B: It is cold today. It is not hot today. • 1. My room is small. • 2.That ball is old. • 3.The ruler is long. • 4.This is a clean book. • 5.He is driving an old car. Dear Ann : I’m so (高兴)!It’s Christmas today. It’s cold outside, (有风的) and dry. But in (干净的)little room. It’s warm. My brother Ken bought a nice christmas tree.we decordated (装饰) it and looks very . (漂亮) Twenty people are here, in our big house. They are all my parents’ friends, it’s (吵闹)but I like. Ken and I have got so (很多)presents, and mine is really a (大的)one. And there is something (特殊的)in the (红色 的)box.I guess. But it’s for Susan, my sister. Tomorrow we’re going to ski at Blue Mountain, how wonderful!Mom is calling me for dinner and I have to stop here. (最好的)Wishes. 根据所给汉语完成这封信 知识网络 形 容 词 、 副 词 1、形容词 什么是形容词 形容词的位置 形容词的比较级和最高级 什么是副词 副词的种类 副词的比较级和最高级及其构成 2、副词 副词的位置 3、不规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 　　副词根据所表达的不同意义可将其分 为以下几种： 1、时间和频度副词：now, then, often, always, early, today, already, soon, ago, yesterday等. 2、地点副词：here, there, everywhere, out, in, home, upstairs, above, below, inside等. 3、方式副词： politely, fast, 等. 中考英语专项复习　形容词和副词 4、程度副词：much, little, very, rather, too, so等. 5、疑问副词：how, where, when, why （放在特殊疑问句前） 6、关系副词：when, where, why（通常 引导宾语从句） 7、连接副词：how, when, where, why, whether（通常引导定语从句） 中考英语专项复习　形容词和副词 五、副词的比较等级构成和用法 1、副词的比较等级构成。有三个等级： ①原级；②比较级；③最高级。 单 音 节 词 和 少 数 双 音 节 词 构 成 方 法 原 级 比较级 最高级 一般在词尾加-er或- est fast hard long soon faster harder longer sooner fastest hardest longest soonest 以字母e结尾的副词， 加-r或-st late later latest 以“辅音字母+y”结 尾的副词，先把y变 为i，再加-er或-est early earlier earliest 中考英语专项复习　形容词和副词 2）不规则变化 原 级 比 较 级 最 高 级 well badly much little far better worse more less farther较远(表示距 离) further较远，进一 步(表示程度) best worst most least farthest furthest 中考英语专项复习　形容词和副词 副词的比较级和最高级的构成和形容 词的比较级和最高级的构成基本相同.e.g. 形容记的最高级前要用定冠词the,副 词的最高级前可用可不用定冠词the. Mount Qomolangma is the highest in the world. Jim jumped (the) highest of the all. fast-faster-fastest slowly- more slowly –most slowly 注意：1、副词very可以修饰形容词、副词， 但不能修饰动词。例如： This flower is very beautiful. I like English very much. (但不能说：I very like English.) 2、enough作副词时，用在形容词、副词之 后；enough用作形容词时，放在名词前或 后都可以。 例如：He is strong enough to lift the heavy box. The man has got enough money (or: money enough) to buy a car. 中考英语专项复习　形容词和副词 注意： 3、频度副词的比例表： always——100%, usually——80%, often——70%~60%, sometimes, at times——30%~40%, seldom, hardly ever——5%, never——0% 中考英语专项复习　形容词和副词 2、such和so的区分 1）such是形容词，常修饰名词。它有如下 结构：①such + a/an +形容词+ n.(可数名词 单数)，如： 　It’s such a beautiful flower. 　You have told us such an interesting story. ②such +形容词+ n.(可数名词复数)，如： 　You have made such foolish mistakes. ③such +形容词+ n.(不可数名词)，如： 　 I’m very glad that I can get such good advice from you. 中考英语专项复习　形容词和副词 2、such和so的区分 2）so是副词，表示程度，修饰形容词或副 词。它有如下结构： ①so + 形容词/副词，如： 　This question is so difficult that I can’t answer it. ②so + 形容词+ a/an +可数名词单数，如： 　This is so difficult a question that all of us cannot answer it. 　　另外在many, much, few, little +名词的 前面，只能用so,不能用such。 例如：There is so little milk in the refrigerator that I have to buy some.　　 中考英语专项复习　形容词和副词 【例1】 —Which is_________ season in Beijing? —I think it's autumn. A.good B.better C.best D.the best Ø 典型例题解析 【例2】 It is______today than yesterday. Shall we go swimming this afternoon? A.the hottest B.hot C.hottest D.hotter D D 【例3】 Jim is running_______Bruce. They're neck and neck,［ 黑龙江］ A.faster than B.as fast as C.as faster as D.more slowly than B Ø 典型例题解析 【例4】 Her mother was out. She stayed at home______,but she didn‘t feel ______. A.alone,lonely B.lonely alone C.alone,lonely D.lonely,alone 【例5】 —Is the physics problem_____? —Yes,I can work it out _______. A.easy,easily B.easy,easy C.easily,easy D.easily,easily A A 强化练习题： 　　1. The horse is getting old and cannot run ____ it did. 　　A. as faster as B. so fast than C. so faster as D. as fast as 　　2. The students are ____ young people between the ages of sixteen and twenty. 　　A. most B. almost C. mostly D. at most 　　3.This year they have produced _____ grain____ they did last year. 　　A. as less, as B. as few, as C. less, than D. fewer, than 　　4. ---- Can I help you? 　　---- Well, I’m afraid the box is ____ heavy for you, but thank you all the same. 　　A. so B. much C. very D. too 　　5. ---- Excuse me, is this Mr Brown’s office? 　　----I’m sorry, but Mr Brown____ works here. He left about three weeks ago. 　　A. not now B. no more C. not still D. no longer more interesting Ⅲ.单项选择 1.What a ______cough! You seen___ill. A.terrible,terribly B.terribly,terrible C.terrible,terribleD.terribly,terribly 2.The car is running________.It seems to be flying. A.more and faster B.more and fast C.fast and fast D.faster and faster 3.I feel even_________ now. A.bad B.well C.worse D.worst Ø 课时训练 A D C 4.She was very happy.She ran_______of all the runners. A.fastest B.the quickest C.slowest D.quickly 5.Keep quiet,please.It's___ noisy here. A.many too B.too many C.much too D.too much 6.—Have you__spoken to a foreigner —No,_________. A.already,never B.ever,neverC.yet,already D.ever,ever 7.He is taller than________in his class. A.any boy B.any boys C.any other boy D.some other boy A C B C 8.I'll go and visit you______next week. A.sometime B.some times C.some time D.some time 9.--What was the weather like yesterday? --It was very bad.It rained_____ people could____go out. A.hard,hard B.hardly，hard C.hardly,hardly D.hard，hardly 10.English is as______as Chinese.You should learn it well. A.important B.more important C.the most important D.much more important C D A 11.Music is not so useful as science.It's_________useful than science. A.fewer B.less C.more D.a lot 12.He looks_________. A.good B.well C.happily D.worriedly 13.We've never heard of _________story before. A.such a strange B.such strange C.so a strange D.so strange 14.You must wear glasses.They can keep your eyes______ A.soft B.safe C.safely D.safety 15.Would you please speak______?I still can't follow you. A.slow B.much slow C.much slowly D.more slowly Ø 课时训练 B B A B D 1.--Is chemistry more difficult than physcis? --No,chemistry isn’t as ___ as Physcis. A.easy B.difficult C.easier D.more difficult 2.In this part of the country, water is___ oil. A.so dear as B.as dear as C.dear as D.so dear 3. The bread is ____ than these cakes. A.very delicious B. much delicious C. more delicious D. as delicious C B B 二.单选题 4. In our city it’s ____ in July ,but it is even _____ in August . A. hotter; hottest B. hot; hot C. hotter; hot D. hot; hotter D 10.The Yellow River is the second ________(long) river in China. 11.Zhao Lei is one of ____ ___________ (young) boys in his school. 12.Which is ____ _______ (big),the sun, the earth or the moon ? longest the youngest the biggest 四.用所给词的适当形式填空. 13.Mary has three brothers.Smith is____ _______ (tall) of the three. the tallest 14.Mount Qomolangma is ____ ______ (high) in the world . the highest 15.Jim jumped _________ (high) of the all.highest 五.请在下面的横线上填入正确的词 16.篮子里的苹果比箱子里的苹果更好吃. The apples in the basket are more delicious than ________ in the box. 17.李先生讲的故事比王先生讲的更有趣 The story Mr Li told us is more interesting than____ ____Mr Wang told us. 18.瓶子里的水比杯子里的水干净。 The water in the bottle is cleaner than_____ In the glass. those the one that 19.魏华跑得比李雷慢许多。 Weihua runs _____ _____ _____ than Lilei 20.上海比美国的任何城市都更大. Shanghai is bigger than_____ _______ in the USA. 21.杭州比中国的任何城市都更美. Hangzhou is more beautiful than ____ _____ ____ in China. any city any other city much more slowly 1. The bread is ____ than these cakes A. very delicious B. much delicious C. more delicious D. as delicious 2. Lin Tao jumped ____ in the long jump in the school sports meeting A. far B. farther C. farthest D. quite far 3. When they met in the hotel . They talked and laughed ______ A. happily B. happy C. happier D. happiest C C A 4. In our city it’s ____ in July ,but it is even ____ in August A. hotter hottest B. hot hot C. hotter hot D. hot hotter 5. Hainan is a very large Island .It is the second ______ island in china. A. large B. larger C. largest D. most largest 6. An elephant is ____ than a tiger . A. heavy B. very heavy C. the heaviest D. heavier D C D 7. A horse is ______ than a dog . A. much heavy B. more heavier C. much heavier D. more heavy 8. Emma always makes a lot of mistakes . She is _____. A. care B. careful C. carefully D. careless 9. Which subject is _____ , physics or chemistry ? A. interesting B. most interesting C. more interesting D. the most interesting C D C 10. He is ___ enough to carry the heavy box . A. strong B. stronger C. much stronger D. the strongest 11. Li lei often talks ___ but does ___ so everyone says he is a good boy . A. less more B. few much C. more little D. little many 12. When the famous singer started to sing , everyone began to shout very ___ . A. loudly B. loud C. heavily D. high A A A