小升初外研版英语知识积累
与常考类型题目
字母
语音
词汇
句子
情景交际
一、字母
•考点:
•抄写字母;排列字母先后顺序
•注意:句子开头第一个单词的首字母要大写,人名、地名、国家名、语言、星
期、月份、节日单词首字母都要大写。
•考题1、连词成句,然后正确规范地写在四线三格内,注意大小写及标
点符号
• want I milk some
巧记书写规则:
书写格式很重要,四线三格要看好。大写都占上两格,小写
格式要记牢。头朝上上两格,头朝下下两格。
有头有尾占三格,无头无尾占中格。倾斜一致对整齐,统一
大小和粗细。
•重点:常见元音字母a、e、i、o、u的读音
•考点:根据单词读音选择发音不同的单词
•考题1.选出画线部分读音与其余三个不同的一项
( )A.name B.grade C.bad D.plane
( )A.bike B.fine C.behind D.different
三、词汇
• 考点:
• 1、可数名词
• 重难点:可数名词变复数;名词所有格ʹs
• 考点:可数名词变复数的不规则变化形式 eg: man--men
ox--oxen
• 表示归两者共有或各自拥有的表达eg:Lilyʹs and Lucyʹs
rooms (莉莉和露西的房间)
• 考题1.class(复数)___ children(单数)___ boy(复数)___
knife(复数)___ shoes(单数)___ photo(复数)___
• 考题2. 两瓶牛奶_________ 三只箱子_________
2、冠词a/an/the用法:
a an泛指人或物中的某一个
定冠词the :
•特定的人或事物eg:The man in blue is my father.
•用在上文提到的人或事物前eg:I have a book. The book is very
interesting.
•用在表示乐器名称的名词前eg:Can you play the violin?
考点:a(用在以辅音音素开头的单词前)an(用在以元音音素
开头的
单词前);球类名词前不加定冠词the
•考题1.一本有趣的书_________
•考题2.
•Thereis__appletreeinmy garden.In__tree, there's__small
house for the bird.(用a an the)
•考题3.
•We often play____football after school.
•A./ B.a C. the
•考题4.-Letʹs play___basketball.
•-OK,butIdonʹt have___basketball.
人称 主格 宾格 反身代词 形容词性物
主代词
名词性物主
代词
我(第一人称/单数) I me myself my mine
我们(第一人称/复数) we us ourselves our ours
你(第二人称/单数) you you yourself your your
你们(第二人称/复数) you you yourselves your yours
他(第三人称/单数) he him himself his his
她(第三人称/单数) she her herself her hers
它(第三人称/单数) it it itself its its
他们(第三人称/复数) they them themselves their theirs
•巧记物主代词:
物主代词有两种,
形容词性名词性,
形容词性能力差,
自己不能来当家,后面需把名词加。
名词性、能力强 自己独来又独往。
•考题1.he(宾格)___ my(名词性物主代词)___ them(形容词性物
主代词)______
•考题2.在我回家的路上_______
考题:3.This is our classroom.___is next to ___.
A.Your,our B.Your,ours C.Yours,ours
4、形容词比较级
• 构成:形容词比较级+than,意为“比...更...”
形容词比较级的规则变化:
(1)一般单音节和少数双音节在词尾加-er tall-taller
(2)以e 结尾的单音节加-r late-later
(3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词把比较级y改为i再加-er
easy-easier happy-happier
(4)两个或两个以上音节的词在比较级前加more popular-
more popular
形容词不规则变化:
good-better many-more
bad-worse few-less
• 考题1.This box is___(heavy)than that one.
• 2.Iʹm ___(tall)than my sister.
• 3.His handwriting is ___(good)than hers.
5.时刻表示法:
•整点:“钟点数+oʹclock” six oʹclock
•半点:“钟点数+thirty”“half+past+钟点数”
•几点几分:
(1)“钟点数+分钟数”;分钟数在30分钟以内还可以 用
“分钟数+past+钟点数”
(2)分钟数超过30分钟,用“(60-分钟数)+to+(钟点数+1)意为“差几点几分”
考题:
•1、We often go home at____(3:45)
6、介词
at(时间点,人的年龄)in(上、中、下、晚,月份、季节年份)“in+某个时间
词组”表示“....后” On(星期,具体某一天,某天的上、中、下、晚)by(乘交
通工具)
注意:in/on the tree.外来物用in,长在树上用介词on.
•考题.Itʹs hot ____summer in Beijing.
• A.by B.on C.at D.in
•7、连词
并列连词 and “和,而且”
转折连词 but 意为“可是,但是”
考题1.He wants to eat some bananas ____pears.
考题2.I start to cross the road ,___ a car is coming.
A.or B.and C.but D.so
8、时态 (一般现在时、
现在进行时、一般过去时、
一般将来时)
• 考点:动词的变化形式;时态的应用
• 考题:1、Two years ago,I___short and thin.
• A./ B.am C.was
• 2、Look!The bus____.
• A.comes B.is coming C.will come
四、句子
•1、陈述句:陈述句子实事。
•肯定句句式:
主语+系动词+表语 eg:This is my sister
主语+谓语+其他成分eg: I like reading books at weekends.
•否定句式:
Be 动词 “be +not ”
实义动词 借助“do/does/did +not”
考题1.Read in bed .(改为否定句)
考题2.I like the small apple.(改为否定句)
2、疑问句
• 一般疑问句
• 谓语动词为be ,一般疑问句以be 开头(第一人称变第二
人称)eg:Iʹm a teacher.--Are you a teacher?
• 谓语动词为实义动词,一般疑问句形式为“do/does/did+
主语+动词原形”
• 一般疑问句常用yes/ no回答
• 特殊疑问句:“特殊疑问词(五个W一个H)+一般疑问句”
• 常见特殊疑问词组: how old /how much/ how about /how
many/ how long/ how often
• 考题.The boy in the red shirt is Tom.(对画线部分进行提问)
3、there be 句型
• There be 句型表示在某地存在某物(某人)或在某时发生某事
• 句式:there be句型 +可数名词单复数/不可数名词+地点/时间状语
There are 25students and a teacher in our classroom.
• 否定句:There be 句型否定形式在 be 后面加“not(any)”
• 考点:选择适当的系动词(选择、根据动词适当形式填空、改写句
子
• 考题:1、There are some English books in the bag.(改为否定句)
• 2、Is there____beautiful flowers? A.any B.some C.little
五、情景交际
• 1、初次见面问候语、告别
• 2、介绍自己/别人的情况eg:I am Lucy.This is my mother.
• 3、感谢及其应答
• 4、道歉及其回答
• 5、请求及其回答
• 请求常用语:May/Can/Could I ...?
• 答应常用语:Yes/Sure/Certainly/Of course.
• 6、提供帮助及其答语
• 提供帮助:
• Can/Could/Shall I help you?
• What can I do for you?
• Would you like some ...?
• 答语:
• Thanks,That would be fine.
• No, thanks.
• 7、天气
• ---whatʹs weather like today?/How ʹs the weather ?
• ---Itʹs fine/cloudy/windy/rainy today.
• 8、打电话
• May/Can/Could I Speak to...?whoʹs that?
• This is ...speaking.Hold on plesse.
• 9、购物常用语
• Can/May I help you?What can I do for you ?
• What colour /size/kind/would you like ?
• What /How about this one?
• How many/much do you want ?
• How much is it ?
• Iʹd like/I want...May I try it on ?
• Itʹs too small/big/long for me.
• It ʹs too cheap/expensive.
• OK,I ʹll take/have/buy it.
•10、就餐
•What would you like(to have)?
•Would you like something to eat/drink?
•Do you want some... ?
•I want..../Iʹd like some...
•11、看病
•医生常用语
•Whatʹs wrong with you ?/Whatʹs the matter with you ?
•Take this medicine three times a day .
•患者常用语:There is something wrong with my...
12、问路和指路
问路:Excuse me.Whereʹs ...?
Can you tell me the way to ...?
How can I get to ...?
•指路:
•Go down this street/road.
•Turn right/left/at the first /second crossing.
•13、时间、星期及日期
Whatʹs the time?/What time is it ?/what time is it by your
watch?
--What day is it today?
--Today is Monday.
--Whatʹs the date today ?
--It ʹs September 10th .
• 考题:
• 补写对话:
• Shopkeeper:Can I help you ?
• Ben:Yes,_____like three pencil ,please.
• Shopkeeper:Certainly,Here you are.
• Ben: How____does one pencil cost?
• Shopkeeper:Itʹs very ____,Itʹs only 50 fen.
• Ben:OK,Iʹll____it.Hereʹs five yuan.
• Shopkeeper:Thank you and here is your___.