小升初英语复习专项指示代词不定代词完美

1: 指示代词是表示指示概念的代词，即用来指 示或标识人或事物的代词，用来起指示作用， 或用来代替前面已提到过的名词。 指示代词分单数（this / that）和复 数（these / those）两种形式 this和these指说话人较近的人或物， that和those指说话人较远的人或物． this和that与单数名词连用， these和those与复数名词连用。 this that these those Eg:． １.那只狗: 　　　　　　　　　 ２.这个男孩: 　　　　　　　　 ３.那些学生: 　　　　　　　　 ４.这些苹果: 5. 那本书： 6. 这些椅子：　　　　　　 3： 把含指示代词的句子改成否定句。 This is Peter. →This is not Peter. These books are new. →These books are not new. 否定句规律总结 重点： 在Be动词后加 “not” 4： 把含指示代词的句子改成疑问句。 This coat is blue. →Is this coat blue? That bedroom is very tidy. →Is that bedroom very tidy. 规律总结 重点： 把Be动词提前 5： 把疑问句改成陈述句。 １. Is this a red marker? →This is a red marker. 2. Are these pears big? →These pears are big. 重点： 把Be动词放在主语之后 6： 疑问句型的回答： Is this Peter? --Yes, he is. --No, he isn’t. Is that your pen? --Yes, it is. --No, it isn’t. (指示代词疑问句表示单数的时候， 用it表 示的是物体、东西，比如桌子、椅子、小 鸟、飞机等。 用He、she 表示的是人，是 人称代词) Are these bags old? --Yes, they are. --No, they aren’t. (指示代词疑问句表示复数的时候，一般 用they 回答) 小练习 将下列句子改写为复数形式 1. This is my friend. 2. - Is this your pen? - No, it isn’t. 3. That is a cute dog, it is white. 4. Open that door, please. (指示代词疑问句表示单数的时候， 用it表 示的是物体、东西，比如桌子、椅子、小 鸟、飞机等。 用He、she 表示的是人，是 人称代词) Are these bags old? --Yes, they are. --No, they aren’t. (指示代词疑问句表示复数的时候，一般 用they 回答) 不定代词 Oral English In winter, it’s often cold and snowy. I can go outside to play in the snow. I can make a snow man. It’s cold outside , so I can put on my winter clothes. I can put on my winter jacket, scarf,hat and boots. •不定代词不是指确定的对象,而且仅 具有非确定特指含义,通常用作替代 词.常用的不定代词 有:all,each,every,both,either,neithe r,one, none,little,few, many,much,other,another,some, any,no,以及由some,any,no,every 组合的复合不定代词. some，any的用法 相同点 不同点 some 都是“一些”的 意思, 既可以修饰可数 名词,也可以修 饰不可数名词. 常用在肯定句中 any 多用在否定句 疑 问句及条件句中 some，any的用法 •I have some science books. •我有一些科技书。 •There is some ink in the bottle. •瓶子里有一些墨水。 •I haven't any money.（=I have no money.） •Do you have any？ •我一分钱都没有了，你有（钱吗）？ ① some & any some — 肯定句 any — 否定句/ 疑问句/条件句 疑问句中表示请求、建议，希望得到 肯定答复也可用some Would you like ______ coffee?some 不定代词/不定副词 + 形容词（ something , anyone, somewhere …） some（某） any（任何） no（没有） every(每 个） 人 someone anyone no one none everyone somebody anybody nobody everything 物 something anything nothing everybody 地点 (不 定副 词) somewhere anywhere nowhere everywher e any在表示“任何的”“任何一个”时， 可用于肯定句 You may come here at any day. 哪天来这你都可以。 He did better than any before him. 他比他前面的任何人做得都好。 比较 Is there anything to eat？ 有什么吃的吗？ Is there something to eat？ 不知有没有， 只是问一问 有一些吃的吧？ （希望，而且断定会有 注意 不+形 1. Do you have _____ to do this evening? A. important something B. anything important C. something important 2. _____ is watching TV . Let’s turn it off . A . Somebody B. Anybody C. Nobody 3. Would you like __? I can get it for you . A. something else B. anything else C. everything else 2. ---I feel a bit hungry. ---Why don’t you have ____ bread? A. any B. some C. little D. a 3. The teacher said nothing at the meeting yesterday .(同义句) The teacher ______ say __________ at the meeting yesterday. B didn’t anything ② few / a few & little / a little 当前面由only 修饰，常用 a few 或 a little . a little 可表示“有点，稍微” 肯定 否定 可数名词复数 a few few 不可数名词 a little little c D 注 意 当 few受 every, last, past, next, some, very等词所修饰时，表示肯定意义，few 之前不再有冠词。 In the last few minutes, he checked up his paper again. He goes to see his grandma every few weeks. 3. each every each (常与of连用) 做主 谓用单， 强调个体 every(形容词)+单数名词 作主谓语用单，强 调整体 两者或以上的每一个人 或物 三者或以上每一个人或物 ① Each of them __ an apple. A. have B. has C. having ② There is a line of trees on ___ side of the street. A．every B．each C．both each 和every • Each强调个体, every强调整体. each 和every 后面的名词只能是单数可数名 词,谓语动词只能用单数. each of后面必须接 复数名词,但谓语动词只能用单数形式. Each of the girls is good at English. every other day 每隔一天 含有every的词组 every week 每周 every two weeks 每两周 every other day（week，line） 每隔一天（每隔一周，每隔一行） every other ten days 每隔十天 经典例析 1.---How often are the Olympic Games held? ---______ four years. A. Every B. Each C. In D. For 2.There are many trees on ____ side of the street. A. all B. every C. neither D. each A D 不定代词 含义 数量关系 两者都 =2 三者或三者以上都 ≥3 两者中任何一个 =2 三者中任何一个 ≥3 两者都不 =2 三者或三者以上都不 ≥3 每一个（强调个体） ≥2 每一个（强调整体） ≥3 both all either any neither none each every all，both All of them go to the movies. 他们都去看电影。 Both of my parents are healthy. 我的双亲身体都健康。 all代表或修 饰两个以上的人 或物，或不可数 的东西。 That's all for today. 今天就到这儿了。 You haven't eaten all（of）the bread. 你的面包没有吃完。 All the students were there. 所有的学生都在那儿。 both是指两者都…； all是指三个和三个以上的人或物都…。 They were all waiting outside the gate. 他们（三个以上）都在大门外等着。 They were both waiting outside the gate. 他们两个都在大门外等着。 ④ The students are all from Foshan . They ___ like their city . A. both B. all C. either ⑤ Lucy and Lily ___ agree with us. A. all B. both C. neither ⑥ How are your parents ? They are ____ fine. A. both B. all C. no either：指两者中的任意一个。 neither：指两者中没有一个，全否定。 both：指两者都，肯定。 both,either 和neither •both表示“两者都…”both…and的句型 •Both of us are doctors. •Both the students are American. both of …的否定式是Neither of…, Both of them come from Japan. Neither of them comes from Japan either 可以构成either…or…,表 示或者…或者…,要么…要么… Either Tom or Jack will stay at home tommow. either还可以作副词,意为”也”, 用在否定句中. no, none , 和no one A: How much bread is there ? B: None. None of 后面只能接可数名词复数,但谓语动词用单,复数均可, 强调整体时谓语动词常用复数,强调个体时谓语动词常用单数. None of these pictures are/is good. None of them like it. None of us has got a car. 注意:回答how many或how much问句时通常用none回答. ---How many students are there in the classroom? ---None. ---Who is in the classroom ? ---No one/Nobody other 和another • Other”别的,其他的”.当它前面有定冠词时,后面跟一个单数或复数名词,当它前面没有定 冠词时,后面必须跟复数名词. • This seat is free,the other seat is taken. • She always thinks of other people and never thinks of herself • Another 意思是”另外一个,再一个”, another前面不能用定冠词the,它作为限定词与单数 名词连用,但它后面跟基数词或few时,后面的名词必须用复数. • Please give me another umbrella. This one is too old. • We need another ten chairs. • We need another few days before I finish this book. • 分述三个或三个以上的人或物时,其句型是 one…another…the third…the fourth… • • 分述两样东西或人时,常用句型”one…the other” • She has two sons. One is a worker, the other ia a farmer. Thank you