人教版中考英语第二轮复习基础语法时态和语态完美

英语※1.基础语法(九)时态和语态 1．(导学号：05472119)—Whoisthatlady?—She'sMissGreen.She____usmusic，andsheissogood.(2016，武汉)A．taughtB．teachesC．willteachD．isteaching2．Mymindwasn'tonwhathewassayingsoI'mafraidI____halfofit.(2016，无锡)A．missedB．wasmissingC．willmissD．wouldmiss3．Thismuseum____hereforover80years.It________oneoftheoldestbuildingsinthiscity.(2016，黄石)A．is，wasB．hadbeen，isC．was，hasbeenD．hasbeen，isBAD 4．Don'tworry.Billwillhelpyoulookafteryourdogwhenyou____awayonbusiness.(2016，重庆)A．areB．wereC．willbeD．havebeen5．I____thebookclublastweekandI________twobooksalready.(2015，新疆)A．join，readB．joined，readC．joined，havereadD．joined，hasread6．—Wheredidyougolastweekend？(2016，北京)—I____totheGreatWall.A．goB．wentC．willgoD．havegoneACB 7．—Lucyhas____toLondon.HowcanIgetintouchwithher?—Don'tworry.Shewillphoneyouassoonasshe________there.(2016，烟台)A．been，willgetB．been，getsC．gone，willgetD．gone，gets8．(导学号：05472120)—Anicecar！Isityours?—No，itisn't.I____itfromafriendofminetwodaysago.(2015，武汉)A．borrowB．BorrowedC．willborrowD．haveborrowed9．—Doyouknowwhotookthestudentstotheoldpeople'shome，Tony?—Well，Mr.Smith____．(2015，宜昌)A．tookB．doesC．didD．do10．—It'sdangeroustoswimhere.Lookatthesign.—Oh，I____it.Thankyou.(2015，淄博)A．didn'tnoticeB．won'tnoticeC．hadn'tnoticedD．don'tnoticeDBCA 11．Mymother____dinnerwhenIgothomeyesterday.(2016，天津)A．hascookedB．wascookingC．willcookD．cooks12．—Today'syoungpeoplecan'tlivewithoutsmartphones.(2016，咸宁)—Theykeeptheirhandsonthephoneswherevertheygo，evenwhilethey____meals.A．haveB．arehavingC．werehavingD．willhave13．Alice，pleaseturndownthemusic，I____animportantphonenow.(2016，孝感)A．answerB．answeredC．haveansweredD．amansweringBBD 14．TimCookcalledhismothereveryweekevenwhilehe____aroundtheworld.(2015，临沂)A．wastravelingB．istravelingC．traveledD．travels15．—Cathy，canyouanswerthedoor？I____theroom.—I'mcoming，mum.(2016，安徽)A．cleanB．cleanedC．havecleanedD．amcleaning16．—Passtheraincoattome，please.It____hardnow.—Hereyouare.(2016，福州)A．israiningB．rainedC．willrainADA 17．(导学号：05472121)Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology，robotcooks____inourfamiliesinthefuture.(2016，广东)A．appearB．appearedC．willappearD．wereappearing18．—Idon'tknowifit____tomorrow.(2016，咸宁)—Well，ifit____，theschoolsportsmeetwillbecanceled.A．willrain，willrainB．rains，willrainC．willrain，rainsD．rains，rains19．—Whichteamdoyouthink____thegame?—Hardtosay.Therearestilltenminutesbeforeitends.A．wonB．haswonC．willwinD．winsCCC 20．—HaveyouwatchedthenewmovieJurassicWorld，Steven？(2016，温州)—Notyet.I____itwithmycousinthisevening.A．willwatchB．waswatchingC．watchedD．havewatched21．Dad____theUSAintwoweeks.(2015，安顺)A．isleaveforB．leavesforC．isleavingforD．leftforAC 22．(导学号：05472122)—Whatanicewatch！Howlong____you______it?—Forjusttwoweeks.(2016，天津)A．will，buyB．have，hadC．were，havingD．did，buy23．—HoboandEddie____thecinematowatchthefilmZootopia.—Oh，that'swhyIcan'tfindthemnow.(2016，苏州)A．havegonetoB．havebeentoC．hasgonetoD．hasbeento24．—Thereissomeoneknockingatthedoor.(2016，河南)—Itmustbethecomputerrepairman.I____himtocometofixmycomputer.A．callB．havecalledC．calledD．willcallBCA 25．It'snicetoseeyouagain.We____eachothersince2014.(2016，北京)A．won'tseeB．don'tseeC．haven'tseenD．didn'tsee26．—It'sthesecondtimeIcametoXiamen.It____alot.—Yes，it'smoreandmorebeautiful.(2016，厦门)A．waschangingB．haschangedC．willchange27．—Iwonderwhenyou____thenewwatch.—Well，I________itfortwoweeks.A．havebought，havehadB．bought，haveboughtC．bought，havehadD．havebought，haveboughtCCB 28．—Jimisn'tintheclassroom.Whereishenow?—He____thelibrary.A．willgotoB．hasbeentoC．hasgonetoD．goesto29．(导学号：05472123)Bythetimewegottothestation，thetrain____already________.(2016，天水)A．had，leaveB．had，leftC．have，leftD．have，leaved30．Bytheendoflastweek，she____inthewestofChinafortwomonthshelpingthehomelesschildren.A．willstayB．hasstayedC．wouldstayD．hadstayedCDB 一般现在时1.动词原形2．主语是单数第三人称，谓语加s，es1.表示经常性或习惯性发生的动作或状态。2．描述客观真理、客观存在或科学事实等。3．在时间、条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来。一般过去时动词的过去式1.表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。2．表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态。3．用于虚拟语气中，表示与现在事实相反的情况。 一般将来时1.will/shall＋动词原形2．begoingto＋动词原形1.begoingto和will表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。主语一般是人。2．begoingto表示根据主观判断将来肯定要发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。主语可以是人也可以是物。现在进行时am/is/are＋动词的现在分词表示说话时或目前正在进行的动作。过去进行时was/were＋动词的现在分词表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。 现在完成时have/has＋动词的过去分词1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果。2．表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，并有可能继续下去，常与“for＋时间段”或“since＋表示过去的时间点或时间段”连用。过去完成时had＋动词的过去分词1.表示在过去某一时间或某一动作以前发生或完成的动作，它所表示的动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。2．表示从过去某一时间开始并持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。 【温馨提示】1．在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，如果主句谓语动词是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。如：We'llhaveapicnicifitisfinenextSunday.I'llcallyouassoonasIgettoBeijingtomorrow.2．某些表示起始、往返、出发、到达之意的动词，可用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安排将要发生的动作(此时一般都有一个表示未来时间的状语)。这类动词有：begin，come，go，leave，start，arrive，end，stop，open，close等。如：Thenexttrainleavesat7o'clockthisevening. 3．现在进行时与always，forever等副词连用，表示反复出现或习惯性的动作，这种用法往往表达说话人的某种感情，如赞扬、遗憾、讨厌或不满等。如：Therichwomanisalwayslaughingatthepoor.4．现在完成时中表示短暂动作的动词不能与for，since等引导的时间状语连用。如与一段时间连用，要把瞬间动词转化为意思相近的延续性动词。常见的变化有： 非延续性动词延续性动词buyhaveborrowkeepopenbeopenclosebeclosebegin/startbeoncomebeheregobetherefinishbeoverdiebedeadcatchacoldhaveacoldputonweargetupbeupwakeupawakefallasleepbeasleeplosenothavejoinbeinleavebeawayarrive/reachbe 31．(导学号：05472124)Nowsmartphones____inmanywaysinourdailylife.(2016，长沙)A．areusedB．isusedC．areusing32．—China's23rdBeidouSatellite____intospaceonJune12，2016.—AsChinese，weareproudofit.(2016，咸宁)A．hassentB．issentC．willsendD．wassent33．—Waiter，I'dlikesomeNingboDumplings.—Sorry，sir.NingboDumpings____onlyforlunchanddinner.(2016，随州)A．serveB．servedC．areservedD．areservingADC 34．—What'sthemeaningoftheactivity“Let'sSave”？—Papershouldn't____ineverydaylife.(2016，孝感)A．wasteB．wastedC．bewastedD．iswasted35．Teenagersshould____totakecareofthemselvesfromayoungage.(2015，临沂)A．educateB．beeducatingC．haveeducatedD．beeducated36．InSwitzerland，thingslikeglassandplastic____intodifferentgroupsandthenrecycled.(2016，盐城)A．separateB．separatedC．areseparatedD．isseparatedCDC 37．(导学号：05472125)—Marywasheard____justnow.Whathappened?—Joewastellinghersomejokes.A．cryB．laughC．tolaughD．tocry38．—Yourscarffeelssoft.DidyoubuyitinChina?—No，IboughtitinFrance.Butit____inChina.(2015，昆明)A．ismakingB．wasmadeC．makesD．madeCB 39．HeJing____togiveaspeechatthegraduationceremonyatHarvardUniversitylastmonth.(2016，广东)A．invitesB．invitedC．isinvitedD．wasinvited40．NowallChinesecouples____tohavetwochildren.(2016，临沂)A．allowB．allowedC．areallowedD．wereallowedDC 时态被动语态例句一般现在时am/is/are＋动词的过去分词Theflowersareoftenwateredbyher.一般过去时was/were＋动词的过去分词Afarmwasvisitedyesterdaybyus.一般将来时will/shall＋be＋动词的过去分词Sometreeswillbeplantedthisweekbyher.现在进行时am/is/are＋being＋动词的过去分词Anovelisbeingreadbyhim.现在完成时have/hasbeen＋动词的过去分词Hisroomshavebeencleanedbyhim.过去完成时hadbeen＋动词的过去分词Hisroomshadbeencleanedbyhimthen.过去将来时would/shouldbe＋动词的过去分词Hisroomswouldbecleanedbyhimthenextday.含情态动词情态动词＋be＋动词的过去分词Yourhomeworkmustbefinishedintime. 特例清单1．open，lock，write，read，sell，clean，wash，cut，drive等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表示被动意义。如：Thebooksellsverywell.那本书很畅销。2．look，sound，taste，smell等系动词用主动形式表示被动意义。如：Schooluniformslookgoodonus.我们穿着校服很好看。Thecakesmellsdelicious.蛋糕闻起来很香。 【注意】几种特殊的被动语态的用法种类构成例句主动语态中省去to的动词变为被动语态时，省去的to要加上。Theworkersweremadetowork12hoursaday.含双宾语的动词把指人的宾语变为主语时，指物的宾语仍保留在谓语之后，指物的宾语变为主语时，指人的宾语前要加相应的介词。Iwasgivenapresent.Apresentwasgiventome.含短语的动词短语是“动词＋介词”或“动词＋副词”时，变被动语态时，介词、副词不能丢。Theyoungmanwassentawayfromschool.