英语※1.基础语法(六)连词
1.—Jim,howdoyourparentslikecountrymusic?—____mydad________mymomlikesit.Theybothlikecountrymusic.(2015,龙东)A.Either,orB.Notonly,butalsoC.Neither,nor2.ItisdifficulttorememberandwriteChinesetraditionalcharacters(繁体字),____theyareagreatpartofChineseculture.Weshouldkeepthem.(2016,昆明)A.andB.orC.untilD.but3.TaxiApps(打车软件)canhelpustravelmoreeasily.____moreandmorepeoplelikeusingthem.(2015,东营)A.OrB.SoC.AndD.ButBDB
4.Weshoulddoeverythingtoprotecttheearth,____we'llloseourhome.(2016,漳州)A.orB.soC.and5.—What'sthesecretofsuccess,Dad?(2016,鄂州)—Moretimeandeffort,____you'llmakeitsomeday.A.orB.thenC.butD.and6.IhaveonlytwoticketsforTFBoys'concert.____you________hecangowithme.(2016,广东)A.Either,orB.Neither,norC.Both,andD.Notonly,butalsoADA
7.(导学号:05472108)Rulesarehelpfultous,____wehavetofollowthem.(2016,青岛)A.soB.butC.orD.because8.—Whatfilmdoyoulikebest?(2016,连云港)—TheMartian.It____showsalotofimagination,________hasasenseofhumor.A.too,toB.notonly,butalsoC.neither,norD.either,orAB
but“但是”,表转折关系I'dloveto,butI'mafraidIhavenotime.or“或者;否则”,表选择关系或转折关系Hurryup,oryou'llmisstheplane.and“和”,表并列或顺承关系John,workhardandyouwillmakemuchprogress.for/so“因为/所以”,表因果关系Thedresswasveryexpensive,soIdidn'tbuyit.1.and,but,or,so,for的用法
2.neither…nor,either…or,notonly…butalso,both…and的用法neither…nor两者都不……Neitherhenorhischildrenlikefish.either…or或者……或者Eitheryouorsheiswrong.notonly…butalso不但……而且Notonlyyoubutalsohewantstobuythebook.both…and两者都……BothsheandIaregoodatEnglish.
特例清单1.“祈使句+or+结果句”与“Ifyoudon't…,you'll…”同义,其中or意为“否则”。如:Hurryup,oryouwillbelate.快点,否则你就会迟到了。=Ifyoudon'thurryup,youwillbelate.如果不快点,你就会迟到了。2.but意为“但是”,用来表示转折关系,注意它不能与though,although连用。如:Wetriedourbest,butwestilllostthegame.我们尽力了,但我们仍然输了比赛。3.so意为“所以,因此,”用来表示因果关系,注意它不能与because,since,as连用。如:It'srainingheavilyoutside,soyoucan'tleave.外面正下大雨,因此你不能离开。
5.表示方位时,on表示一个物体的位置在另一个物体之上,两者的表面相接触;above表示一个物体比另一个物体所处的位置高,通常两个物体表面不接触;over表示“在……的正上方”,强调在垂直的上方。如:Mykeysareonthefloor.我的钥匙在地上。Thelightisrightaboveherhead.灯正好在她头上。Thebirdisflyingovertheriver.那鸟在河面上飞。6.with,in,by三者都可以译为“用”,但用法不同:with表示用某种工具,所用的东西都是具体的物品;in表示某种材料、语言、声调等;by表示用某种方法或手段,多指使用某种交通工具。如:CanyousayitinChinese?你能用汉语说它吗?Weseewitheyes.我们用眼睛看。Hegoestoschoolbybike.他骑自行车上学。
7.besides和except都可译为“除……之外”,但含义不同:besides表示“除……以外,还有”,指在整体中加入一部分,含义是肯定的;except表示“从整体中除去一部分”,含义是否定的。如:Weallhadfunbesideshim.除了他以外,我们玩得开心。(他也开心)Weallhadfunexcepthim.除了他以外,我们玩得开心。(他不开心)8.insteadof意为“代替”,后面接名词、代词或动名词;而instead是副词,意为“代替,顶替”,在句子中作状语,后面不能接任何成分。如:He'llgoabroadinsteadofhisbrother.他将代替他弟弟出国。Let'sgotothezooinstead.让我们去动物园。
9.across和through均可译为“从这一边到另一边”,但用法不同:across的含义与on有关,表示动作是在某一物体的表面进行的;而through的含义与in有关,表示动作是在三维空间进行的。如:Don'trunacrossastreetsuddenly.不要突然横穿街道。Shewalkedthroughthegate.她从大门走进来。
4.notonly…butalso…,neither…nor…和either…or…连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致;both…and…连接两个主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式;而aswellas连接两个主语时,谓语动词同前面的主语在人称和数上要保持一致。如:NotonlyIbutalsomymotherisgoingtothemuseum.不仅我而且我的母亲也要去博物馆。NeitheryounorIamright.你和我都不对。Eitheryouorheisright.要么你对,要么他对。
9.—WhatdoyouthinkofyourJuniorMiddleSchool?—Ithinkitiscolorful,____Iamalwaysbusy.(2016,安徽)A.ifB.thoughC.whileD.until10.____wekeepourheartsopen,wecanexperiencethehappinessfriendshipbringsus.(2015,河南)A.SinceB.IfC.UnlessD.Though11.—Iwon'tgetgoodgrades____Istudyhard.—That's________everyoneistryinghisbesttopreparefortheexam.(2016,龙东)A.until,whyB.unless,whenC.unless,whyBBC
12.TomakeyourDIYworkperfect,you'dbetternotstart____yougetallthetoolsready.(2016,苏州)A.whenB.whileC.beforeD.after13.—Wherewasyourdadatthistimelastnight?—Hewastalkingwithmyuncle____IwaslookingforsomeinformationontheInternet.(2016,荆州)A.afterC.untilC.sinceD.whileCD
14.—ThestudentsofGrade9inChangchunhavetotakepartintheP.E.testfrom2016.—Yes.____youwanttopassitandbestronger,practicemore.(2016,长春)A.untilB.ifC.unlessD.or15.—Excuseme,mayIcomein?(2015,呼和浩特)—Notyet.Pleasewaitonyourchair____yournameiscalled.A.andB.untilC.afterD.sinceBB
表示时间when当……时Thestudentsweretalkingwhentheteachercamein.while当……时IwasdoingmyhomeworkwhilemyfatherwaswatchingTV.after在……之后I'llgotoplayfootballafterIfinishmyhomework.before在……之前Pleaseturnoffthelightbeforeyouleavetheroom.till,until直到……为止I'llwaittill/untilhearrives.不到……不Shewon'tgethometill/untilitgetsdark.assoonas一……就I'llcallyouassoonasIgettoBeijing.since自从……Hehaslivedheresince1980.
表示条件if如果We'llgoforapicnicifitdoesn'train.unless除非,如果不TheywillhaveapicnicunlessitrainsnextSunday.表示原因because因为Hedidn'tcomebecausehewasill.since既然Sincewehavegotreadyforit,let'ssetoff.as因为AsI'mnotathome,pleaseleaveamessage.
表示目的sothat以便于Hegotupearlysothathecouldgetthereintime.inorderthat为了Heworkshardinorderthathecangotoagoodcollege.表示结果so…that如此……以至于……Theboxissoheavythatwecan'tcarryit.such…that如此……以至于……Itissuchaheavyboxthatnobodycanmoveitaway.
表示让步though/although虽然Hewouldbehappythoughheshouldhavetolivealone.Heoftenhelpsothersalthoughheisnotrich.表示比较as像……一样Doasyoulike.as…as…和……一样HeranasfastasMikenotas…as不及……Heisn'tastallasMike.than比……ShejumpedhigherthanRose.
特例清单1.if意为“是否”时,引导宾语从句;意为“如果”时,引导条件状语从句。如:Idon'tknowiftheywillhelpus.Iftheyhavetime,theywillcome.我不知道他们是否会帮我们,如果他们有时间,他们会来的。2.从属连词so…that…和such…that…都表示“如此……以至于……”,但用法不同;so…that…结构中的so为副词,后面跟形容词或副词;such…that…中的such为形容词,后面跟名词(名词前可以有形容词或副词修饰)。