（人教版）中考题型七 任务型阅读英语
1．命题原则任务型阅读在近几年的中考试卷中频频出现，任务型阅读要求学生在阅读理解的基础上，去完成多项任务或问题，注重学生运用语言“做事”的能力，是考查学生运用所学英语知识解决实际问题的一种新题型，占中考总分值的10%左右。2．考查题型任务型阅读的题型多样，主要有三种题型：填写表格型，回答问题型及综合任务型。预计2016年任务型阅读的题材和体裁也会多样化，材料更趋知识化、现代化和生活化，以突出实用性和时代性；在命题方面难度将略有提高，考查方式更加多变、全面，命题将从不同的角度出发，全面考查学生对知识的综合掌握能力以及完成各项任务的能力。
(一)填写表格型
填写表格型通常是先给出一段阅读材料，根据材料所给的信息填写表格。此类题目通常难度不大，大部分信息都可以直接在材料中找到，因此考生只要通读材料，注意所填信息在原文中的出处，就不难完成任务。但是也有个别信息考生不可能直接在材料中找出，需要根据某些细节、线索或关键词语进行推理、归纳才能完成任务。填写时重在达意，并不一定要用短文中的原词。对于填表式阅读理解，关键在于分析图表中已存在的信息点，然后根据已给出的信息点寻找相应的信息。
A(2015，郴州)Let'shavealookatsomedifferentkindsofentertainment(娱乐)．Watchingtelevisionisone.TherearedifferentkindsofprogramsonTV.Changethechannels(频道)andyoucanseeeverythingonTV，fromnews，tomusic，tomovies.Goingtothecinemaisanother.Onceaweekortwiceamonth，itisgoodentertainment，ifyoulikewatchingmovies.Youmakeaplan，goout，watchamovieandeatout！It'smoreinterestingthansittingonthesofaandchangingchannels.
SurfingtheInternetisanother！Youcantalkwithfriendsandplaygames.Youcanuseittodoworkandstudy.YoucanfindeverythingyoulikeontheInternet.Booksarestillman'sbestfriend.Readingabookisthebestwaytogetcalm.Agoodbookwilltakeyoutoanewlife.Nowmanypeopledon'tlikethisentertainment，butyoushouldtryit，ifyouareboredwithothers.
根据短文内容完成表格填空。DifferentkindsofentertainmentKindsAdvatangesWatchingtelevisionYoucansee1.___________onTV，fromnews，tomusic，tomovies.GoingtothecinemaIt'smoreinterestingthansittingonthesofaand2.____________________.SurfingtheInternetYoucanuseittotalkwithfriends，3._________________，doworkandstudy.YoucanfindeverythingyoulikeontheInternet.4.________________Itisthebestwayto5.____________andagoodbookwilltakeyoutoanewlife.everythinchangingchannelsplaygamesReadingbooksgetcalm
B(2015，丹东)ThepupilsandteachersatFairfieldSchoolthinkit'snecessarytoprotecttheenvironment！Thisiswhatthey'vebeendoing.GrowingvegetablesFairfieldSchoolpupilsstartedtheirownvegetablegarden.Bothchildrenandteachersgrowvegetables，thentheypickthem.Inthisway，schooldinnersaremoredeliciousthaneverbefore.RecyclingTheFairfieldpupilsdon'tjustbringtheirbookstoschool—theybringtheirrubbishtoo！Therearerecyclingbins(回收箱)intheplaygroundforcans，plasticbottlesandpaper.Theteachergivesaprizeeverymonthtothepupilwho'striedthehardesttorecycle.
FindingcleanerwaystogetaroundEveryonewalksorridesabiketoFairfieldSchool！“It'sfastertoridebikesthantodriveanyway，eventheteachersdon'tusetheircars.”saysonepupil.
根据短文内容完成表格填空。WaysHowto1.____________________________Growingvegetables★PupilsatFairfieldSchoolcanenjoydeliciousfoodbygrowingand2._________vegetablesfromtheirowngarden.Recycling★Thepupilsbringboththeirbooksandtheir3.____________toschool.★Thepupilwhoworkshardestatrecyclingwill4.________________fromtheteachers.Findingcleanerwaystogetaround★FairfieldSchoolasksteachersandstudentsnottogotoschool5.___________.protecttheenvironmentpickingrubbishgetaprizebycar
C(2015，烟台)Haveyoueverhadthefeelingthatnoonecanunderstandyou？Well，herecomes“Pepper”，itcouldbeabouttochangeallthat.Pepperisthefirstrobottoreadhumanfeelings.Usingitsemotionrecognitionfunctions(情感识别功能)，Peppercanmakejokes，danceandevensingtopeoplewhentheyarearoundit.Therobotlookslikealovelygirl.Itisfourfeettallwithatabletcomputerinitschest.Ithashumanlikehands，agirllikebodyandbabylikevoice.ItwasshowntoattractpeopleatstoresonFriday.
Peppercantellfacialexpressions，humanvoiceandsigns，thenmakeananswer.Pepperisdesignedtobeafamilyrobot，butitisn'tlikethehouseholdrobotonthecartoon.Pepperisusedathomeorstore，whereweenjoypleasureandentertainment.Athome，notonlycanittelljokes，italsohelpspeopleintrouble.Ifanaturalaccidenthappens，itcanencouragethem，makethemlaughandfeelrelaxed.Pepperwillbeonsaleatthepriceof$2，000inAugust，2015.Atpresent，severalPeppersareonshowatstoresforpeopletovisit.BeforesellingPeppers，thecreatorswantthemtostoremoreknowledgeinordertogetbetteralongwithhumanbeings.
请根据短文内容完成所缺信息。humanfeelingstabletcomputerPepper—ARobotofHumanWisdomBasicfeature(特征)◆Thefirstrobottoread1._____________________withitsemotionrecognitionfunctions.Descriptionofappearance◆It'sfourfeettallwitha2._________________initschest.◆Ithashumanlikehands，girllikebodyandbabylikevoice.Briefintroduction◆Thecreatorsdesignedittobeusedat3.．◆Itcannotonlymakeananswerbytellingfacialexpressions，humanvoiceandsigns，butalsocanhelppeoplewhoare4._____________________________.Preparationsforsale◆Peppersarenowstillatstoresforpeopletovisit.◆When5._______________________________isstoredinPeppers，themoreperfectrobotswillbeonsalesoon.homeorstoreintrouble/anaturalaccidentmoreknowledge/information
(二)回答问题型
此类阅读题目的问题多为特殊疑问句。问题的内容小到一个词的词义，大到概述故事的大意；可以提问一件事，也可以推断作者的意图，评价作品的内容。问题可以是单一问题，也可以是综合性问题或发挥性问题。做回答问题型的阅读理解需要把握一些细节事实，如who，when，where，which，what等事实。建议采用逆读查找法，既先看题目，通常题目了解文章大意，再看短文，有目的地突破细节。
ThemostvaluablegiftIhaveeverreceivedwasaphotoalbumfrommybestfriendKevin.KevinandIwereclassmatesforallsixyearsofprimaryschool.Webothhadthesameinterests，sowealwayshadalotofthingstotalkabout.Itiswonderfultohavesuchagoodfriend.However，lastsummer，Kevinhadtomovetoanothercitybecauseofhisfather'sjob.Thenhegavemeaphotoalbum.“Ithasphotosofthememorableeventswehaveexperiencedtogether.I'vealsowrittensomenotesundereachphoto，”hesaid.Iwasdeeplymoved.Iputthealbumbesidemybed.IalwayslookatitwhenIthinkofKevin.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。1．Whatisthewriter'smostvaluablegift?Aphotoalbum.2．WhydidthewriterandKevinalwayshavemanythingstotalkabout?Becausetheybothhadthesameinterests.3．WhendidKevinmovetoanothercity?Lastsummer.4．WheredidKevinwritesomenotes?Undereachphoto.5．WhatdoesthewriterdowhenhethinksofKevin?Healwayslooksatthephotoalbum.
B(2015，北京)BlackFridayThanksgivingisalwaysonaThursday.ThedayafterithasbeenknownasBlackFriday.Itisthestartoftheholidayshoppingseason，andithasbeenthebusiestshoppingdayoftheyearintheUSsince2005.MoststoresofferbigsalesonBlackFriday.Theyopentheirdoorsquiteearlyinthemorning.Theytrytoattractshopperswithbigdiscounts(打折)．Someitems(商品)likeTVsandclothsaremuchcheaperthanusual.Storesmayevenlostmoneyontheseitems.Theyhopethatshopperswillbuygiftsforotherpeoplewhiletheyareinthestore.
BlackFridayisagreattimetogoshopping.However，thereareproblems.Thebiggestoneisthattherearenotenoughlowpriceditems.Eachstoremayonlyhaveafew.Theseitemsareingreatneed，sopeoplestandinlonglinestogetthem.Theymaywaitforthreetofourhoursbeforeastoreopens.TheymaybehopingtogetalowpriceonaTVorcomputer，butnoteverybodycangetone.Somepeopleleave，disappointed.Thesituationmakespeopleworried.SomeBlackFridayeventshavebeencrazy.Therehavebeenfightsovertoysamongshoppers.Someworkershaveevenbeenhurtbylargecrowds.ButmostBlackFridayeventsaresafeandfun.Still，ifyouplantogo，youwillexpectlargecrowdsandabitofpushing.
Sowheredoesthename“BlackFriday”comefrom？ItwasfirstusedinPhiladelphiainthe1950s.ThepolicecalledthisdayBlackFridaybecauseoftheheavytrafficitcaused.Inthe1960s，storestriedtorenametheday“BigFriday”．Itdidnotstick.Thename“BlackFriday”continuedtospreadacrossthecountry.Itseemsthatitisheretostay.NowpeoplealloverthecountrytakepartinBlackFridayevents.Itisevenspreadingtootherpartsoftheworld.StoreshaveheldBlackFridayeventsintheUK，Australia，andBrazilsince2012.InMexico，storesofferaweekendofdiscountseveryyear.Theycallit“ElBuenFin”，whichmeans“thegoodweekend”inSpanish.Iguesspeopleeverywhereliketobuythingsonsale.
根据短文内容，回答问题。1．IsBlackFridaythestartoftheholidayshoppingseason?Yes，itis.2．WhatisthebiggestproblemwithBlackFriday?Therearenotenoughlowpriceditems.3．Howlongmaypeoplehavetowaitbeforeastoreopens?Threetofourhours.4．Wherewasthename“BlackFriday”firstusedinthe1950s?InPhiladelphia.5．WhydopeoplelikegoingshoppingonBlackFriday?BecausetheycangetthingsonsaleonBlackFriday.
C(2015，重庆)Hotpot(火锅)ismanyChinesepeople'sfavoriteandLiuYangisoneofthem.Threedaysago，LiuYangarrivedinEngland.Therehehadthreedaysofhamburgers，sandwichesandpotatoes.Yesterdayhewasveryexcitedwhenheheardthattherewasgoingtobeamealofhotpottowelcomethenewstudents.HewentintotheroomandsatnexttoanAmericangirl.Tohissurprise，hesawpotatoesandbreadinfrontofhim.Wherewasthehotpot?
WhenshesawLiuYangwasverysurprised，theAmericangirltoldhimthathotpotisNOThotpot.ChinahashotpotintwowordsbutEnglishhotpotiswritteninoneword.Hotpotismadefrommeat，potatoesandonions.Peopleputitintheoven(烤箱)alldayinaheavypotandonalowheat.Itiseasytocook.Hotpottastesfine.ButLiuYangstillmisseshotpot，twowords!
根据短文内容，回答问题。1．IshotpotmanyChinesepeople'sfavorite?Yes，itis.2．WhendidLiuYangarriveinEngland?Threedaysago.3．WhotoldLiuYangthathotpotisnothotpot?An/TheAmericangirl.4．Whichcountryhashotpotintwowords?China.
D(2015，六盘水)Confidence(自信)isveryimportantindailylife.Itcanhelpfultodevelopahealthyattitude(态度)．Ifpeoplearemoreconfident，theyaremuchhappier.Andtheycanhavemorechancestobesuccessful.Herearesomesuggestionstobemoreconfident.Speakloud！Whenyouarenotconfident，youcan'tdowellwhatyouwanttodo.Youspeakinavoicesolowthatotherpeoplecanhardlyhearyou.Trytospeakloudinorderthatpeoplecanhearyouclearly.Thehighvoicecanhelpyoubecomemoreconfident.
Playsports！Physicalexercisemakesyoutiredbutcompletelyrelaxed.Astrongbodyhelpsyoubefullofconfidence.Encourageyourself！Writedownalistofthingsyoudidduringthedaytoseehowmanythingsyouhavedonewell.Giveyourselfpraise(表扬)forthegoodthingsyou'vedone.Keepahobby！Ifyoulikedrawing，drawasmuchasyoucan.Insomeways，ahobbycanmakeyouperfect.Anditwillmakeyouhappyandconfident.
根据短文内容回答问题。1．Whyisconfidenceimportantindailylife?Becauseitishelpfultodevelopahealthyattitude.2．Doyouhavemoreorfewerchancestobesuccessfulifyouareconfident?Ihavemorechances.3．Whatcanmakeyoutiredbutstrongaccordingtothepassage?Playsports.
4．Canahobbymakeyouperfectinsomeways?Yes，itcan.5．Howmanysuggestionsofbeingconfidentaregiveninthepassage？Pleaselistoneofthem.Four.Keepahobby./Playsports./Encourageyourself./Speakloud.
(三)综合任务型
综合任务型阅读理解一般是给出一篇短文，将短文中的若干处做标记，然后根据所标记的内容给出不同要求的阅读任务。要求学生通过阅读短文来完成这些阅读任务，从而考查学生的语言综合运用能力。做此类试题一定不能把所给的阅读任务从短文中割裂开来单独对待。一定要联系上下文，因为所给的任务中，比方说常常会有推测词义或是翻译句子等类型的任务，则一定要结合上下文，从上下文的关系中去联想和推测才能得到准确含义。此类型试题一般形式多样，从各方面考查学生的语言运用能力。考生唯有平时多加训练，巩固自己的基础知识才可从容应对。
题组训练A(2015，烟台)Thestorytookplaceinasmalltowninwinter.Onedayamanmetanoldladystandingbyanexpensivecar.Itwasclearthathercarbrokedown.Sohestoppedhisoldtruckandgotout.Althoughhewassmiling，theoldladywasworried.“Ishegoingtohurtme？”
Themancouldseethatshewasfrightened，soinhisfriendliestvoicehesaid，“I'mheretohelpyou，madam.Whydon'tyouwaitinthecartogetwarm？Bytheway，mynameisBryanAnderson.”IttookBryanaboutfiftyminutestofixthecar.Theladyfeltquitethankfulandsheaskedhowmuchsheshouldpayhim.ButBryanwantednomoney.①对他来说，帮助别人很正常。Hesaid，“Ifyouwanttorepayme，nexttimeyouseesomeoneinneed，justgiveoutyourfriendlyhand.”
Aftersayinggoodbye，theladycontinueddowntheroadtillshereachedasmallcafe.Shestoppedforsomethingtoeat.Astheprettywaitressstoodnexttoher，theladynoticedshewasnearlyeightmonthspregnant(怀孕)．②Although_she_looked_tired，she_still_served_the_customers_with_a_smile_on_her_face.Astheoldladywasgoingtopaythe$10bill，sherememberedBryan'swords.Theoldladypaidonehundreddollarbill.Butwhenthewaitressreturnedwiththechange，theladywasgone.Onthetableshesawasmallnote.Hereyeswerefilledwithtearwhenshereadit，“SomebodyoncehelpedmethewayI'mhelpingyou.Ifyouwanttopaymeback，continuebeingkindtoothers.”Underthenotewereninemore$100bills.
Wastheoldladyanangel？Thewaitresswassoexcitedthatshecalledherhusbandtotellthestory.“Bryan…BryanAndersonmydear…you'renotgoingtobelievewhathashappened…”Loveneedstobepassedon.Everyonecanbeanangel.
请根据短文内容完成下列任务。1．DidtheoldladybelieveinBryanatthebeginningofthestory？Why?No，shedidn't.Becauseshethoughtthemancould/wasgoingtohurther.2．请将画线句子①翻译成英语。It'scommonforhimtohelpothers.3．请将画线句子②翻译成汉语。尽管她看起来很累，但她脸上带着微笑为顾客服务。
4．请根据短文内容将句子补充完整，使句子意思连贯。Thewaitressfound_________and_________________.onthetablewhenshereturnedwiththechange.5．Whathaveyoulearnedfromthestory？(withonesentence)Loveneedstobepassedon.anoteninemore$100bills
B(2015，鄂州)“TheChineseDreams”isahottopictheseyears.(1)Many_Chinese_people_are_inspired_by_the_Chinese_Dreams.Theygiveuscourageandconfidencetokeepusgoingthroughdifficulties.Peoplecouldrealizetheimportanceofdreamsandknowthatdreamsgivemeaningtolife.Everygreatachievementhasbeentheresultofyearsofdreaming.Teenagersandyoungpeopleshouldbeencouragedtodream.(2)Older_people_should_also_believe_that_it_is_never_too_late_to_dreamandthathumanmindisnevertoooldtomakedreamsturnintoreality.
Herearesomeadviceonhowtorealizeourbeautifuldreams.Nevergivingupisthekeytomakeourdreamscometrue.Wemayfailfromtimetotime，butwecanlearnfromfailure，correctourmistakesandtryagainuntilweachieveourgoals.Ourlifeislikealongjourneywhichisnotallroses.(3)Itsometimeshaswindandrain.Webelieverainbowswillappearafterstorms.Cooperationisalsonecessary.Everyonelikesapersonwhoisgoodatcooperatingwithothers.Besides，inoursocietymostproblemscan'tbesolvedbyonepersonalone.(4)合作正成为人们解决问题的最重要的方法之一，especiallyforpeoplelivinginthedevelopingsociety.
Atthesametime，weshouldlearntoexamineourabilitiesbecauseithelpsusknowouradvantagesanddisadvantagesaswellasgetafullcontrolofourselves.Thenwemaybeconfidentenoughtofacechallenges.Followthesuggestionsabove，andourdreamsaresuretocometrue.根据短文内容，完成下列任务。1．将1处英文翻译成汉语。许多中国人受中国梦的鼓舞。2．将2处英文翻译成汉语。老年人也应该相信梦想永不太晚。
3．写出3处It所指代的内容。Ourlife.4．将4处汉语翻译成英文。Cooperationisbecomingoneofthemostimportantwaysforpeopletosolvethem(problems)．5．(5)给该文段拟写一个标题。Howtorealizeour(beautiful)dreams.
C(2015，德州)Weneedtoberesponsible(有责任心的)forourenvironment.Beingafrugalconsumer(节俭的消费者)isonewaytohelp.But，whatexactlydoesthatmean?UseitupYoucanusethingsupinsteadofwastingthem.Pressthatlastbitoftoothpaset(牙膏)out.Usethelastlittlepieceofsoap.Don'tthrowawayanybitsofthebiscuitatthebottomofthebox.1．①________
Youdonotalwaysneedtohavenewthings.Supposethereareholesinyoursocks.Mendthemandwearthemlonger.Youdon'thavetohavethelatesttelephoneuntiltheoldonedoesn'tworkanymore.Thenyoucangetanewone.2.Think_twice_before_replacing_something_that_still_works.1．②________Whensomethingyouwantisnotonhand，lookforsomethingelsethatyoualreadyhavetotakeitsplace.Supposeyouarepreparingyourlunchfortomorrowandwantabuttersandwich.However，thereisnotanybutterinyourhome.Haveacheesesandwichinsteadsothatyoucanuseallofthecheese.Withalittlethought，youcanmakesomethingdo，insteadofbuyingsomethingnew.
DowithoutThinkaboutallthosethingsthatyouwouldliketohave.Doyoureallyneedthem？Howlongwillyoureallyplaywiththatnewtoy？Makealistofthingsthatyouwant.Deletethethingsthatyoudon'treallyneed，soyoucansaealotofresources(资源)．阅读短文，根据题目要求完成各小题。1．Whencanyougetanewtelephoneaccordingtothepassage?Youdon'thavetohavethelatesttelephoneuntiltheoldonedoesn'tworkanymore./Youcanhavethelatesttelephonewhentheoldonedoesn'twork(anymore)．/Whentheoldtelephonedoesn'twork(anymore)．
2．PleasetranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.在替换仍然能用的东西之前，请三思/请好好考虑一下/请斟酌。3．Whatshouldyoudoifyoudon'thavebutterforasandwichathome?Youcanusesomethingclse，forexamplecheese(insteadofbutter)4．从下列A、B、C中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳段意。①_______②_________A．WearitoutB．StoppollutionC．Makeitdo5．Giveatitle(题目)tothepassage.Beresponsiblefortheenvironment/HowtobeafrugalconsumerAC
D(2015，呼和浩特)Asweknow，alllivingthingshavetoeatfood.Foraman，atiger，afish，abird，orevenaworm，foodisnecessary.Generallyspeaking，alllivingthingsaresuretodiewithoutfood.Ineverypartoftheworld，manydifferentkindsofanimalssharelivingplacesandliveincommunities(群落)together.Theyareconnectedinafoodchain(链)．
Withinafoodchain，somelivingthingsareproducersandsomeareconsumers(消费者)．Plantsareproducersbecausetheyusesunlight，soilandotherthingstomaketheirownfood.Animalsareconsumersbecausetheyhavetoeatotheranimalsorplants.Therearefourdifferentkindsofconsumersintheanimalkingdom.Acarnivoreisananimalthatonlyeatsotheranimals.Anherbivoreisananimalthatonlyeatsplants.Anomnivoreisananimalthateatsbothplantsandanimals.Ascavengerisananimalthateatsdeadanimals.
Lookatthepicture.Itisanexampleofafoodchain.Thefoodchainshowstheorderthatanimalseateachotherinacommunity.Inthepicture，youcanseewhatanimalorplantisfoodforanotheranimal.See？Aleafisfoodforagrasshopper，whichthenbecomesfoodforahungrymouse.Themouseisfoodforasnake.Thesnakeiseatenbyaneagle.Inthisway，alloftheseanimalsareconnected.
根据短文内容判断正(T)误(F)。()1.Themainideaofthepassageis“Fourkindsofconsumers”．()2.Theunderlinedword“scavenger”meansinChinese“腐生动物”．()3.Thefoodforamouseaccordingtothepictureisagrasshopper.()4.Allkindsofanimalssharetheirlivingplaceswithothers.()5.Therearesomelivingthingswhichdon'tneedtoeatfood.FTTFF
E(2015，郴州)阅读短文，根据短文内容，将方框中的句子填入空白处。A．GoldiedoesnotcareaboutbeautyorclothesB．Shelearnedtomakeamachinewiththeblocks(积木)C．YetgirlsappearfarlessinterestedinSTEMsubjectsD．TheyshouldalsoprovideagoodeducationE．ThefourareastogetherareknownasSTEM
NotenoughAmericanstudentswanttobeengineers，mathematicians，orscientists.TheUSgovernmentwantstochangethat.ThegovernmentwillspendthreebilliondollarsontheeducationofyoungAmericansinscience，technology，engineering，andmath.1.______．ManyjobsintheSTEMfieldswillopeninthecomingyears.Thepurposeofthegovernment'sinvestment(投资)istoincreasethenumberofAmericanswhocantakethosejobs.2.______thanboys.Only25percentofSTEMstudentsaregirls.CamsieMcAdamsisattheUSEducationDepartment.ShesaysgirlssimplydonotfeelwelcomedinSTEMsubjects.EC
DebbieSterlingisanengineer.Sheinventedatoyforgirls.Thenameofthetoyis“GoldieBlox”．Tointerestgirls，Sterlingcreatedthecharacter“Goldie”.3.______.Goldietellsstories，solvesdifficultproblemsandbuildsnewworlds.Miaisasevenyearoldgirlwholikesscience.Inherroom，shehasnofashiondolls.Instead，shereceivedasetofGoldieBloxfromhergrandmother.4.______．ExpertssayparentsshoulddomorethanjustbuytoystointeresttheirgirlsinSTEMsubjects.5.______．Atschool，girlsshouldtakepartinprojectsthatrequireteamworkandcreativethinking.ABD
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