莎士比亚戏剧研究

　　莎士比亚戏剧研究----英语文学论文-->VengeanceThemeShakespeare“Sen”(Barlett,1980,pg460).Vengeanceisnotjustathemecreatedbyauthors;itisseenthroughouttheanhistoryandmostpeopleencountervengeanceatsomepointintheirlife.Vengeanceisalsoanaturalpartofthehumancharacter.Furthermore,enseemtobemorepronetojealousythanmen,eanyauthorsintroduceintheiretimes,evenecanalsobemunicatedtotheaudienceorreadersaroundtheakesagreatchangeinhumanlife.Itmaybringsadnessorconflicts,sometimeseveninjuryordeath.Forthatreason,vengeanceisanimperfectioninthehumancharacteranditmaycauseseriousdestruction.　　ThethemeoftShakespeare,hasastrongemphasisonvengeance.EventhoughArthurMillerandillerple,Mr.andMrs.PutnamblameRebeccaNurseforthedeathoftheirsevenbabies.ThePutnamsarepeoplebecauseoftheirohasgivenbirthtosevenbabiesandallofthemdiedverysoonaftertheyandherhusbandfeelangrybecause ofthesufferingtheyhaveendured.Therefore,theyandtheyblameRebeccaNurseforthedeathfortheirsevenbabies.　　TheyeventuallyaccuseRebeccaofnedtodeath.Mr.GilesCoreyalsoaccusesMr.Putnamofmakingaccusationsagainsthisneighboursinordertostealtheirland(Miller,1953,pg96).Whenapersonisaccusedofisa-->nembitteredandgreedyman.Heisjealousofhisneighboursbecauseofalloftheirlandandheakesupafalseaccusationofies.　　AbigailsistheantagonistinTheCrucibleainthemesintheplay.Sheisaily.ShehasanaffairAbigail’smindeaboutasaresultofherpainfulchildhood.　　Thearitalrelationshipmoralloveostimportantpartofherlife.Shehasneverexperiencedthejoyoflove,evenfromherparentsoranyotherfamilymembers.Herparentsundistheunlaequalityoflifeashisfatherandbrother.Asaresult,heplanstotakerevengeandtakeback (I,ii,16).Hethinksheshouldnotabasehimselfasabastardandshouldnotsufferbecauseoftheguiltofhisfather.　　InasoliloquyinActI,Scene2,Edmundislamentinghisstatusasabastardinationtotakerevengeonhisfatherandbrother.Houndreallycaresandfeelsshameinthebottomofhisheartaboutbeingabastard.Usuallytheoneost.TheshameandsenseofinferioritybringuptheideaofvengeanceinEdmund’smind.　　ReganandGonerilareLear’sdaughters;hoost.ReganandGonerilareverygreedyanddesirepooneyandland.Thelovefromthefamilyisnotthatimportantforthem.Forthisreason,thesetetime,LearbanishesCordeliafromhiskingdombecausehethinksshedoesnotlovehimasmuchastheotherdaughtersdo(Gluilfoyle,1990,pg.9).　　Hence,itgivesthegluttonoussistersagoodchancetotakeupretaliationuponthemuddledLearandinnocentCordelia.Atthebeginning,ReganandGonerilbothhelpeachother,yettheyareatoddswitheachotherintheirheartsbecausethereis conflictcausedbya-->desireforpooreimportantthanpo.Astheyarecloselycooperating,theybothknound’slove.　　Furthermore,thethemeofvengeancecanbeparedinthesetasbylookingattheconsequencesofvengeance.EvenifitisanunreasonablesettlementintheendofTheCrucible;theinnocentpeoplearestillselvesforthetruth.RebeccaNurseisarespectfulChristianinSalemandshestillkeepshervirtuousChristianbeliefsandpersonalityifherefusestogiveafalseconfession.Ontheotherhand,theresultattheendisincrediblydifferentthanherhometoiliarplacetostarthernethetrial.Sheisalsoanindirectmurdererofherlover,JohnProctor.Shehastocarrytheguiltofkillingherloverandtheotherinnocentpeoplethroughoutherentirelifetime.Alloftheseseemtoberetributionsforhervengeance.　　Therearesimilaritiesbeteofvengeance.Cordeliadoesnotcarryanyvengeanceanddiein prison(Guilfoyle,1990,pg8).Cordeliaistheoneost.Shepresentshertruelovetoherfatherbydefyingthepoanandleaveshimalonestosufferoutinthecountryside.Hisfateistragicandonehedoesnotdeserve.Vengeanceisthemaincausethatthe-->kind,innocentandloyalpeoplediefor.Bothoftheplaysalsobringoutamessagethatpeopleundandthedesireforpoetime.Edmundundexpects.　　Finally,theironyofvengeancecanalsobecontrastedinthesetoralpeopledieforvengeanceandtheplayendsincatastrophe(Hayes,1953,pg498).Evenakeshisrescueattemptfail.Althoughthejudgesarerespectfulandpoitthattheyhavemadeamistake(Miller,1953,pg127).Thisisthebiggestironyinthethemeoftheplay.　　Someofthecondemnedpeoplesacrificethemselvestotellthetrutheofthevictimsdonotknoinutes.Theyareburiedurderingherloverisanimpressiveironyintheplay.Itissosad thatagirlurdersherlovercircuitously.EverythingshedoesistogainProctor’slove.Shethinkssheadangainsabitofsympathyfromtheaudience.　　Inaddition,theliesusedtocoverupthevengeanceinKingLeararealsoironicandservetoforeshadoustbearpartoftheresponsibilityforCordelia’sdeathuchtheylovehim.ThisrequestprovidesagoodchanceforhisothertandCordelia.Moreover,themorehefavoursCordelia,themoreReganandGonerilhatehimandCordelia.ThisleadsCordeliatobethetargetofthegreedysisters’criticism.Ontheotherhand,itissurprisingthatLearbelievesReganandGonerillovehimmorethanCordeliadoes(IV,iv,27-28).　　Also,thefraudofReganandGonerilisagreatironyintheplay.Theydonotlovetheirfatherthatmuch,yettheyhatehimashejustfavourstheiryoungersister.Mistrustingthepeopleate,deceitfulson,Edmund,believingthatEdgardoesnotlovehimandisplanningtokillhim.Noheless,thetruthisEdmundandtheinnocentEdgar. 　　ThisfraudbyEdmundispartofhisplot.ItisunexpectedthatGloucesterisasmuddledasLearandi-->sblindtothetruth.HealsohastotakepartoftheresponsibilityforthecauseofEdmund’svengeance(Guilfoyle,1990,pg3).ostoftheprotagonistshavetocarryaregretfulheartandsufferthispainfortherestoftheirlives.PeopleshouldholdtheirvirtuousbeliefsandalemberGod’sindinordertooverethetemptationsandthetrialsintheirdailylives.PeopleshouldfightforostdestructiveaforStudents.NeoniliarQuotations.Boston:Little,Brownandpany